POSTAL 20 Book Package Electrical Engineering Objective Practice Sets | Power Systems | Sind SI. Topic Page No. 1. Performance of Transmission Lines, Line Parameters and Corona 2 2. Compensation Techniques, Voltage Profile Control & Load-Frequency Control... 19 3. Distribution Systems, Cables and Insulators 31 4. Generating Power Stations 48 5. Fault Analysis 53 6 Load Fiow Studios 72 7. Switchgear and Protection 3 8. Power System Stability 6 9. Optimal Power System Operation 112 10. High Voltage DC Transmission (HVDC) 119 11. Per Unit System. 124 12. Power System Transients ter lator are lab to be legilyprvectedTaras Qa as a4 as ae a7 Bio Performance of Transmission MCQ and NAT Questions Use of bundled conductor increases (@) GMR () GMO (6) Potential gradient (A) Radius of conductor ACSR conductor have {@) allconduetors made of aluminium (b) outer conductors made of aluminium (©) inner conductor made of aluminium (@) core made of aluminium Regulation of a short transmission line is given by Val=Ws 100% ) Mal r00% Wal Ma Vel=Nalso0%, (ay Mel =Nal 00% vi s Ifthe pf. of load deer (@) increase (c) remain same ase, the line losses, (b) decrease (d) none Ina transmission line sag depends upon (@) conductor material (b) tension in conductor (©) weight per unit length of conductor (d) all the above For a 500 Hz frequency excitation, a 50 km long powerline will be modelled as (a) short line (b) medium tine (©) long line (0) data insutficie for decision The good effect of corona on overhead lines is to (a) increase the line carrying capacity due to conducting ionised air envelop around the conductor. as ag ato Lines, Line Parameters & Corona (b) increase the power factor due to corona loss. (0) reduce the radio interference from the conductor. (d) reduce the steepness of surge fronts. A3:phase transmission line has its conductors at the comers of an equilateral triangle with side 3m, The diameter of each conductor is 1.63 om. The inductance of the line per phase per km is (a) 1.282mH (b) 1.182mH (o) 1.098 mH (d) 1.048 mH The capacitance of an overhead transmission line increases with 1. increase in mutual geometrical mean distance. 2. increase in height of conductors above ound, Select the correct answer from the following: (@) Both 1 and 2 are true (0) Both 1 and 2 are false (6) Only 1 is tue (a) Only 2s tue Which one ofthe following equations is correct for araciprocal network? (a) -AB+CD=-—1 (b) AD+ CB=1 (0) AB-CD=-1 (d) -AD+BC=-4 Where A, B, C and D are generalized circuit constants Which one of the following statement is correct? Corona loss increases with (a) decrease in conductor size and increase in supply frequeney. (b) increase in both conductor size and supply frequency. (c) decrease in both conductor size and supply frequency. (d) increase in conductor size and decrease in supply frequeney.Q.12 What is the approximate value of the surge impedance loading of a 400 kV, 3-phase 50 Hz overhead single circuit transmission line? (@) 230 Mw (b) 400 Mw (©) 1000 Mw (d) 1600 Mw Q.13 If a fixed amount of power is to be transmitted over certain length with fixed power loss, it can be said that volume of conductor is {@) Inversely proportional to magnitude of the voltage and that of power factor of the load (b) Inversely proportional to square of the voltage and square of power factor of the load (6) Proportional to square of voltage and that of power factor of the load (A) Proportional to magnitude of the voltage only Q.14 A 10 km long lossless transmission line has a reactance of 0.3.2/km and negligible shunt capacitance. AB The value of c o|® 10 10 @li3 1 ®) Joa 1 1 js (3 0 © [: *| @ [* ‘| Q.15 The skin effect in a transmission line is affected by (@) the resistivity of the transmission line (b) the current magnitude in the transmission line (c) the length of the transmission line (d) the voltage applied across the transmission ine Q.16 When bundle of conductors are used in place of single conductors the effective inductance and capacitance will, respectively (@) Increase and decrease (b) Decrease and increase () Decrease and remain unattected (@) Increase and remain unaffected Q.17 Consider the following statements regarding corona 1. Itcauses radio interference. 2. Itattenuates lightning surges, 3. It causes power loss 4. Ibis more prevalent in the middle conductor of a transmission line employing flat conductor configuration, ears et e0e2) Power Systems Objective Practice Sets, Which of the above statements are correct? (a) 1, 2and3only (b) 1, Zand 4 only (©) 1,2,3and4 — (d) Sand 4only Q.18 The transmission efficiency increases with (@) decrease in pt and increase in voltage level (b) decrease in pf and decrease in voltage level (©) increase in pf and increase in voltage level (d) inctease in pf and decrease in voltage level Q.19 Ashort line with reactance of 20.8 and negligible resistance operates with a sending end vollage of 182 kV and a receiving end voltage of 126 kV. he maximum power that can be transmitted with this voltage profile is (@) 400m (©) 1000 Mw (b) 832MW () 132MW Q.20 The surge impedance of a 100km line is 390.2. If the line is extencied to 200 km, the value of surge impedance is @) 1959 (b) 7802 (©) depends on operating frequency (d) 3902 Q.21 Proximity effect depends upon (@) size of the conductor (b) resistivity of material (©) permeability of the material (d) allof the above Q.22 In a short line, maximum power transfer occurs when 8's (here @ is angle of impedance of the line and = power angle) (@) >6 () <6 () =6 (a) =90 Q.23 A composite conductor consists of 4 conductors of radius 2 em each, The conductors are arranged as shown below. The geometric mean radius GM (in. cm) for the given arrangement isElectrical 4 | Engineering Q.24 For equilateral spacing of conductors of an untransposed 3-phase line, we have (@) balanced receiving end voltage and no communication interference (©) unbalanced receiving end voltage and no communication interference, (©) balanced receiving end voltage and ‘communication interference, (@) unbalanced receiving end voltage and communication interference. Q.25 Thetime taken for a square wave to travel a600km long overhead transmission line is (@) 6sec (b) tsec (©) 0.02sec (d) 0.002 see Q.26 Match the items given in List-l (Methods) and those in List-II (Line constants) and select your answer to these questions using the codes given below the lists: List-1 A. Simple sories impedance met B. End condenser method ©, Nominal-T method D. Nominal-m method List yz 1, A=D=(142 (2) a-Zanac-r[1+"2) 4 2. A=D=(1+ | 2 o=2(1-%2) ana cay 8. A=D=1;8=ZandC=0 4, A= (1+ ¥2;8=ZC=¥,0=1 Codes: A B cD @ 1 2 3 4 ) 3 4 2 4 @ 2 3 4 4 @ 4 1 3 2 .27 Acable has the following characteristics, 1 =0.201 pHim and C= 196.2 pFim The velocity of wave propagation through the cable is (@) 32mis (6) 0.0312 mis (b) 159.24 mis (d) 159.24 m/s Tor aes (2022) Q.28 Reflection coetficient for the transmission line shown in the given figure, is. “Transmission line %= 3008 2, Signal impedance Load 300 @ () 0 4 (a) 05 Q.29 A travelling wave 40/1/50 means crest value of (@) 400 V with rise time of 1/50 s (©) 400 kV with rise time 1 s and fallime 50s (©) 400 kV with rise time 1 1s with fall ime 50 ps (d) 400 MV with rise time 1 ys and fal time 50 us Q.30 The ABCD constants of a 3-phase transmission line are: A=D=082t B= 1702850 C =0,002290.4" mho The sending end voltage is 400 kV. The receiving end voltage under no-load condition is (a) 400 kV (b) 500 kV (c) 320 kV (a) 417 KV Q.31 Assertion (A): In the modelling of medium and long transmission lines the nominal-r and Teircuits are not equivalent to each other. Reason (R): A star-delta transformation can be Used to derive the one circuit from the other. (@) Both A and R are true and R is the correct ‘explanation of A (©) Both A and R are true but Ris NOT the correct explanation of A (6) Ais true but Ris false (@) Ais false but Ris true Q.82 The component inductance due to the internal fx- linkage of a non-magnetic straight solid circular conductor per metre length has a constant value, and is independent of the conductor-diameter because {@) all the internal flux due to a current remains concentrated on the peripheral region of the conductor.Electrical 8 | Engineering Transformer : 15 MVA, 6.6 KV deltal33 kV X, =X, = X= 6% Line reactance : X, =X, = 2@ and X= 62 if a SLG fault occurs on bus bar B, then the fault current is pu Q.65 For a 300 km long transmission line, the shunt admittance is (0.0 + j4.0) mhofkm and series impedanes is (0.0 + 0.8) @/km. The magnitude of the series impedance (in @) of the equivalent m-model of the transmission line is 2. aes The nominal-r circuit of transmission line is shown The characteristics impedance Z, = 400 @ and impedanee is Z = 100280 9. The value of reactance Xwill be 2. Q67 The A, B, C, D parameters of a 220 kV line are: 0.9621", B= 130273", C= 0.001290". If the sending end votiage of the line for a given load is 240 ky, then voltage regulation of the line in percentage will be Q.68 A surge of 50 KV magnitude travels along a lossless cable towards its junction with two identical lossless overhead transmission lines, the reactance and capacitance of the cable are 0.4 mH and 0.8 uF per km. The inductance and capacitance of the overhood transmission lines are 1 mH and 0.02 pF per km, the magnitude of the voltage at the junction due to surgeis__V Q.69 A transmission line has an electrical line length of 8°. Ifthe velocity of propagation is 2.99 x 10° m/s then, for 60 Hz system the length of the line in km will be Q.70 An 11 kV, 3-4 line has resistance of 1 @ and reactance of 4 @ per phase. The efficiency of the line when supplying the load of 4 MW at 0.85 lagging power factor. (in percentage) willbe _ Tor aes f20z2) MADE EASY CSTE Q71 The correct statement(s) regarding various Conditions for regulation in transmission line is (@) Zero regulation occurs at o, = tan-1(A/X,) at lagging pf. (©) Maximum regulation occurs at én= tanr(%) at lagging pf. (©) Zero regulation and maximum regulation coincides at = 45" (@) Itresistance andreaclance found tobe equal then load will be 0.707 lagging pf for zero regulation Q.72 An 17 kV, 3-4 short ling has resistance of 1.5 @ and reactance of 4 @. If the total load of 5 MVA at 0.8 lagging pf is supplied at 14 kV, then (@) Load current will be 262.43 A. (b) Sending end line voltage magnitude will be 12.636kV. Line losses per phase in the line wi 309.91 kW. Percentage regulation will be 14.87%. ©) be (9) .78 Regarding the corona affect in transmission line the which of below given statement(s) is/are NOT correct? (a) ozone is produced by corona and may cause corrosion (0) Corona effect can be reduced by reducing conductor size Visual critical voltage is the minimum phase- neutral voltage at which corona occurs, iC) (d) Critical disruptive voltage is the voltage always greater than visual critical voltage. Q.74 A 3 phase transmission line has the three conductors each having a radius of 1.5 em. The correct option is/are: (a) GMR when conductors are symmetrically. spaced having spacing of between them 10 mis 1.5576 om GMD when conductors are symmetrically spaced having spacing of between them (b) 10 emis 12.6 em,ary Power Systems MADE EASY ate 2022) objectvePraciceSets | 9 (c) GMRwhen conductors are horizontally spaced (a) sending end line voltage is 20.74 kV having spacing of 10 cm between them is (b) percentage regulation is 4.61% 1.5576 em, (©) transmission efficiency is about 93%. (d)_ GMD when conductors are horizontally spaced (d) [ine current is 291.6 A. having spacing of 10 cm between them is Soon Q.77 For the following configurations, of bundled ° conductors (0, = GMR, of individual conductors) .75 AS phase, 50Hz, 33 kV overhead line conductors are placed in a configuration as shown below, The The correct option is conductor diameter is 1.5 em. Ifthe line length is (@) For P: (GMR),, = 1.09905 xa 400 km, then (b) For Q: (GMA), = aD, xa® ‘dem ee Sm ot (@) capacitance per phase is 0.52 uF. (0) For R: (GMA),., = {D5 xa)® (b) capacitance per phase is 0.84 uF. (©) charging current per phase is 12.1 A (8) For: P:(GMR)eq = 4(Ogxaxay (d)_ charging current per phase is 5.028 A Q.76 A overhead 3 phase line delivers 10 MW al 33 kV at0.6 pf (lagging). Ifthe resistance and reactance of each conductor is 3 @ and § 2 respectively, then EEEEEEE Performance of Transmission Lines, Line Parameters & Corona 1. @) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (0) 7. @) 8. (a) 2. (b) 10. (d) 14. (@)— 12, (b) 18.) 14) 18.) 16. (b) 17. () 18. (c) 19. (o) 20. (d)— 21. (a) 22, (b) 2B. (22.9) 24. (0) 25. (a) 26. (bt) 27. (0) 2B. (c)— 29. (co) «80. (b) 81. () 82. (b) 33. (a) 34.) 35.) 86. (0) 87.) 8B. (b) 89.) 40. (a) 41. (b) 42. (d) 43. (0) 44. (a) 45. (d) 46. (c) 47. (a) 48. (a) 49. (a) 50. (¢) 81. (a) 52, (ce) 8B. (c)_—H4, (6.95) 85. (4000) 56, (191) 57. (296) 58. (0.80) 59. (0.83) 60. (22.22) 61. (1.028) 62. (22) 63. (14) 64, (0) 65. (14551) 66. (800) 67. (1363) 68. (79.81) 69. (11071) 70. (95.62) 71. (be) 72. (abd) 73. (bed) 74. (ac) 78. (bd) 76. (cd) 77. (ed) [ESRI «Performance of Transmission Lines, Line Parameters & Corona Ee Be With the use of bundle conductors self GMD or GMA is increased which reduces the inductance ofline Ew As for short line — A= 1 AGSR is Aluminium conductor steel reinforced. In this the outer conductors made of aluminium. Voltage regulation (V)Electrical 10 | Engineering Ege = Vicose Pp Veos@ For constant power and voltage, f= 1 cos if p.t then /T and power loss’. Power loss (P;)= ?R Bw we Sag = FE where, W— weight of conductor per unit length 1 span length T— tension in conductor (depends on the conductor material) Kae Criteria to be ful filed for Short ine =» Lf < 4000 Medium line =» 4000 < ff < 10000 Long line = I> 10000 @ Corona, is helpful in one respect, namely, it reduces the effect of surges and acts as a relief valve for them. Thisis so because the surges are partially dissipated as corona Ee Radius of the cor Inductor, 1.63 = 0.815 em 2 0.7788 x r 0.788 x 0.815 em = 06340m. 7 = 0634 x 10? m D) ? Power 2107 Inf =) 0634x107) = 12.32 x 107 Hiphase/mete = 1.232 mHiphase/km Ho co pacitance of TL including earth field, Tor aes (2022) MADE EASY 7 of ty 4 From the above relationship, * capacitance decreases with increase in mutual geometrical mean distance ‘* capacitance decreases with increase inheight of conductors above ground, aw transmission line can be represented by a linear passive and bilateral network. By virtue of reciprocity, the generalized constants are related to each other by following equation: AD= BC= 1 ae Corona loss, i; So, corona loss increases with frequency but Vp is approximately directly proportional to conductor size. Thetefore, as the conductor size increases, corona loss decreases, iw (kv? 4 For single-circuitline, 2, = 400 Q[phase si Mw git = 429% 40 — so apy 400 Ew pe ltd ana alexa = 1 R ER, = 13 Ry RoR BR, EM “i