ACIDS , BASES AND SALTS

ACIDS : ACIDS ARE SUBSTANCES THAT ARE SOUR IN TASTE AND ACCORDING TO THE
ARRHENIUS THEORY ACIDS LEAVE HYDROGEN IONS IN AQEOUS MEDIUM . FOR EXAMPLE :
ACETIC ACID , H2SO4 SULPHURIC ACID , HCL HYDROCHLORIC ACID AND HNO3 NITRIC ACID .
ACIDS HAVE A PH VALUE OF BELOW 7 ON THE PH TABLE . THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF ACIDS :
ORGANIC ACIDS AND MINERAL ACIDS . ORGANIC ACIDS ARE DERIVED FROM MINERALS
WHILE MINERAL ACIDS ARE DERIVED FROM MINERALS . THERE ARE STRONG ACIDS AND
WEAK ACIDS . LIKE H2SO4 AND HCOOH .
BASES:BASES ARE SUBSTANCE SWHICH ARE BITTER IN TASTE . ACCORDING TO THE
ARRHENIUS THEORY BASES ARE SUBSTANCES WHICH LEAVE HYDROXYL IONS IN AQEOUS
MEDIUM . FOR EXAMPLE POTTASIUM HYDROXIDE KOH AND SODIUM HYDROXIDE NAOH .
THERE ARE STRONG BASES (KOH) AND WEAK BASES (MGOH(OH)2).
SALTS:SALTS ARE FORMED WHEN AN ACID AND A BASE ARE MIXED TOGETHER . BOTH ACID
AND BASE NEUTRALIZE THE EFFECT OF EACH OTHER . ACCORDING TO THE ACID AND BASE
THERE ARE ACIDIC SALTS AND BASIC SALTS .