LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

GRADE 11 – GENERAL CHEMISTRY 2

NAME: HUSSIEN S. DISOMIMBA DATE: STEM-12 SCORE:

ATTRACTED TO INTERMOLECULAR FORCES

Directions: Follow the instructions in each part and complete the task on every page.
You may use an additional sheet of paper for your answers to be attached in this LAS.

Part A: Frayer Model of Liquids and Solids

Complete the Frayer Chart below about the kinetic molecular model of liquids and solids.
Use the critical concept words written inside the box as your guide. Insert more
words/images/symbols to the Frayer Chart to complete the four categories.

Solid vibrate (jiggle) but

generally do not move
from place to place.
Particles vibrate about
fixed positions, even at
very low temperatures.

» Has no definite shape.

High
» Has no definite
volume.
» The particles are free
to move over each
other, but are still
attracted to each other.
TASK 1: My Hypothesis
Using what you have learned about the kinetic molecular model of liquids and solids, think of
a question you have about its properties. Create a plan to test your hypothesis. Was your
assumption correct? If YES, what evidence can you present to support this claim? If NO, cite
why?
What do you think is the connection amid the kinetic energy of molecules and their physical
state about it’s properties?
➢ I think the connection amid the kinetic energy of molecules and their physical state is
when a solid melts, the kinetic energy of molecules increases. As the temperature rises,
the movement of molecules accelerates, resulting in an increase in kinetic energy.
Molecules in the solid state have the least amount of energy, while gaseous particles
have the most. The average kinetic energy of the particles is measured by the
temperature of a substance.

Part B: Types of Intermolecular Forces

Complete the Web of information about the Types of Intermolecular Forces of Attraction.

London Dispersion

Very Strong

Interaction Dipole-Dipole
result when interaction Interaction involving a
two dipolar
hydrogen atom located
molecules between a pair of other
interact each atoms having a high
other through affinity for electrons.
space.
TASK 2: 3-2-1
To reflect on what you have learned about the types of intermolecular forces,
complete the exit slip below.
Three Facts You Learned Two Questions You Still One Opinion You Have
Have
1) Intermolecular forces are the 1) Why do 1) Intermolecular forces
forces of attraction or intermolecular are important because
repulsion which act between forces increase they determine the
neighboring particles with size? physical properties of
(atoms, molecules, or ions).
2) How does shape substances.
2) These forces are weak
affect
compared to the
intramolecular forces, such intermolecular
as the covalent or ionic forces?
bonds between atoms in a
molecule.
3) Ion-dipole forces are the
strongest of the
intermolecular forces.

Part C: Properties of Liquids and Intermolecular Forces

Complete the data table about the Properties of Liquids, their descriptions, and the effects of
intermolecular forces of attraction. Perform the simple experiment and record your observations.
Properties of Description Effect of Experiment Observations
Liquids Intermolecular
Forces
The molecules of The molecules of The stronger the Record & The 1tsp. of
liquids' resistant liquids’ resistant intermolecular compare the time water and 1tsp.
to flow when to flow when forces, the more in seconds of cooking oil does
they move past they move past difficult for 1tsp water and not mix. In
each other. each other. molecules to 1tsp cooking oil short, the
move flowing molecules of
to each other in a tall water cannot
transparent glass. mix with the
molecules of oil.
Boiling Point Temperature at The temperature Put a cup of When the water
which the at which the water boils inside the
pressure exerted vapor pressure in a pot and let it pot, the
by the becomes equal to boil. molecules are
surroundings the pressure changing to gas
upon a liquid is exerted on the and they will
 equaled by the surface of the spread out and it
pressure exerted liquid will creates the
by the vapor of INCREASES. bubbles.
the liquid.
Vapor Pressure The measure of The pressure of Record and The ethyl alcohol
the tendency of a the vapor that is compare the time evaporate faster
material to in equilibrium when a drop of than the water.
change into the with it’s liquid water and a drop
gaseous state, DECREASES of ethyl alcohol
increases with completely
temperature. evaporates from a
piece of paper
Surface Unit It is the measure The higher the Create soap I can only create
of the energy surface tension, bubbles in the air. a bubbles (soap)
required to the stronger the in the air it it's
expand the intermolecular rainy or wet.
surface of a liquid forces. And the bubbles
by a unit area. are created
because of the
air stretches the
surface
Molar Heat of The substance is The stronger the Compare the two Acetone has a
Vaporization the heat intermolecular substances given lower boiling
absorbed forces, the based on their point than water
by one mole of higher the heat heat of because it has a
that substance as of vaporization vaporization and higher vapor
it is converted and the stronger boiling point. pressure.
from a liquid to the
a gas. As a gas intermolecular
condenses to a forces, the lower
liquid, heat is the evaporation
released. rate.

TASK 3: NOW WHAT

To express the relevance of what you have learned about the properties of liquids
and intermolecular forces, answer the open-ended questions below.
What is the most essential Why is it so important? How can you relate it to your
learning you had? daily living?
The most essential learning I The liquids flow is important Water’s extensive capability
had about intermolecular because the intermolecular to dissolve a variety of
forces are the various types of forces between molecules are molecules has earned it the
 attractions that can occur
between molecules that are in
close proximity to each other.
They can vary greatly in
strength from weak London
dispersion forces to relatively
strong hydrogen bonds. The
most obvious physical
properties of a liquid are its
retention of volume and its
conformation to the shape of
its container.
weak enough to allow the
molecules to move around
relative to one another.
Intermolecular forces are the
forces between neighboring
molecules. At a molecular
level, liquids have some
properties of gases and some
of solids.
designation of “universal
solvent,” and it is this ability
that makes water such an
invaluable life-sustaining
force. The ability to use
representations of molecular
structure to predict the
macroscopic properties of a
substance is central to the
development of a robust
understanding of chemistry.

Part D: Crystalline and Amorphous Solids

Fill-in the anticipation guide to preview the lesson about crystalline and amorphous solids.
Before reading, mark whether or not you agree or disagree with each statement. After reading the
said lesson, fill in the reference/source where you found the answer to each statement, tell
whether you were right, and reflect on what you have found out.
Statement Agree/ Reference/ Where your Reflection
Disagree Source assumptions
correct?
(YES/NO)
1.Crystalline Agree https://pressboo Yes Because their particles experience
solid particles ks- identical attractions, crystalline solids
experience dev.oer.hawaii.e have distinct melting temperatures; the
identical du/chemistry/ch particles in amorphous solids experience
attractions. apter/ a range of interactions, so they soften
gradually and melt over a range of
temperatures.
2.Amorphous Disagree https://quizlet.c Yes Their formation involves very rapid
solid has om/233407140/ cooling. Long-range order absent:
experienced a gases-flash- Particles ordered over many multiples of
range of cards/ average particle diameter.
interactions.

3. Crystalline Agree https://courses.l Yes Crystal Defects. In a crystalline solid, the

solids are umenlearning.c atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in
arranged in a om/suny-chem- a definite repeating pattern, but
definite atoms-first/ occasional defects may occur in the
repeating pattern.
pattern.
 4. Amorphous Agree https://byjus.co Yes Amorphous solid resemble liquids in that
solid are m/chemistry/am they do not have an ordered structure,
randomly orphous-solid/ an orderly arrangement of atoms or ions
arranged. in a three-dimensional structure. These
solids do not have a sharp melting point
and the solid to liquid transformation
occurs over a range of temperatures.

Differentiate Crystalline from Amorphous Solids using the illustration below. Cite relevant information to
support your answer. Write your answer in the blank provided. Box the key terms that you use in your
sentences.
➢ Crystalline solids have
well-defined edges and faces, diffract x-
rays, and tend to have sharp melting
points. In contrast, amorphous solids
have irregular or curved surfaces, do
not give well-resolved x-ray diffraction
patterns, and melt over a wide range of
temperatures

➢ Crystalline Solids – Particles are

arranged in a repeating pattern. They
have a regular and ordered
arrangement resulting in a definite
shape. While Amorphous Solids –
Particles are arranged randomly. They
do not have an ordered arrangement
resulting in irregular shapes.

TASK 4: EXIT SLIP

To specify the relevant experiences, you had about crystalline and amorphous
solids, answer the open-ended questions below.
What have you learned? Crystalline solids have regular ordered arrays of
components held together by uniform intermolecular
forces, whereas the components of amorphous solids
are not arranged in regular arrays.
Were you surprised about it? No.
Why? Because I want to learn more about Crystalline and
Amorphous Solids.
What did you find confusing and need None…
clarifications?