An Introduction to the Spoken and Written Language of Laos by Tatsuo Hoshino ET atc MEL Cees pit Tuttle Language Library | a =Some of the material in this book was first published in 1973 by Siam Communications Lid,, Bangkok, under the title Basic Lae Publisived by the Charles E. Tuttle Company, Ine ‘of Rutland, Vermont & Tokyo, Japan with editorial offices at 2-6 Suido T-chome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112 First edition, 1981 First paperback edition, 1989 Fourth printing. 1995, LCC Card No. 8)-80487 ISBN 0-8048-1629-8 PRINTED IN SINGAPONETABLE OF CONTENTS How to Use This Book Acknowledgements Part 1: How to Speak Lao Introduction on Phonetics How to Use Part 1 Lesson 1: Coming and Going Lesson 2: Introductions Lesson 3: The Neighbors—Part 1 Lesson 4: The Neighbors—Part 2 Lesson 5: Going to Market by Pedicab Lesson 6: Bargaining at the Market Lesson 7: Renting a House Lesson 8: Paying a Visit Lesson 9: The Daily Routine Lesson 10: Touring Vientiane Lesson 11: Chatting Lesson 12: Lao Class (A letter) Part 2: Grammar Review Section 1: Question Words and Short Answers Section 2: Nouns and Pronouns Section 3: Adjectives Section 4: Classifiers Section 5: Verbs and Tenses Section 6: Adverbs Section 7: Connecting Particles Section 8: Symbols and Punctuation Part 3. How to Read Lao Introduction on Tones and Letters Lesson 1: Kang Consonants with Long Vowels. Lesson 2; Kong Consonants with Mai Ek u 15 v7 24 33 40 48 60 15 114 125 132 141 m1 143 149 160 152 154 155 156 187 158 162 164Lesson 3: Kang Consonants with Short Vowels Lesson 4: Nesal Finals Losson 8: Diphthongs Lesson 6: Semi-vowe's Losson 7: Tam Consonants Lesson 8: Sung Consonants Lesson 9: Aspirants and Non-sspirants Lesson 10: Mai to Lesson 11: Stops Lesson 12: Consonant Clusters and the Missing “a! Phonetic Equivalents to Exercises in Part 3 Part 4: Laa—English Glossary for Beginners 167 169, 172 174 176 173 183, 185 188 191 194 201HOW TO USE THIS BOOK tao for Beginners is for the percon who is beginning co learn Lao, be he businessman, student, refugee worker, tourist or simply a person with Lao friends. Lao for Boginners is pri- mavily a workbook full of exercises to help beginners practice ana acquire the ability to communicate with Lao people in bao. It is not a phrase book to scratch the surface of the Lao language. The book has been tested in classrooms and by individuals who have used it successfully to learn Lao. hao for Beginners was designed for people who want to learn lao fast and cormunicate with Lao people in the Lao language ‘ne book mainly teaches speaking (PART 1), although there is also a section which teaches reading (PART 3). whe vocabulary in the vnole text ie Limited to the 1,000 most frequently used words in everyday speech based on one of the author's own research in Vientiane. ‘The tac words are listed in a special glossary for beginners (PART 4) which is arranged in Englien alphabetical order. (An English-Lao glossary is not included since the English-Lao, Lao~ English Dictionary (Tuttle, 1970) is intended as a companion book to this one.) To make the going easier, all exercises are written in phonetics which are English letters for Lao sounds. (tao phonetics are explained in the introduction to PAR 1.) As an additional aid, a review of the major features of Lao grammar is condensed into only 16 pages (including very useful tables) and is located in one place (PART 2) so that it can be read quickly and used as a reference frequently. Everyone who already knows one language has proven his language ability. This book permits people to exercise this ability and successfully learn the Leo language.‘Acknowledgements We wish to express our sincere appreciation to the following people for their cooperation, assistance and patience in preparing this book. ‘To Theo Nene and Wang Chanob Pathanmavong whose comments were valuable assistance in the research to analyze and record the Leo language as it is actually spoken in the vientiane area, on which this book is based: To Nr. Shigeo Hatsushiba who provided facilities and guidance in the techniques of manuscript preparation, to Miss Hitomi Xomiya who did most of the typing and to Miss Tanami Watanabe who performed most of the mechanical work. and finally, we wish to pay tribute to our wives and to the concent of mutual encouragenent which was an essential catalyst for the realization of this work. october, 1980 Tatsuo Hoshino Russell MareusPART 1: HOW TO SPEAK LAO Introduetion on Phonetics Whe tao script is a very ingenious invention; it communicates Mt only the sounds of words, but also the tones or pitch on which they should be spoken. ‘Thus for example, the Lao script for the word “house” not only indicates the sound of the Lae word ("ban"), but also that this word should be spoken with a high falling tone. Furthermore, the Lao script is a phonetic seript which means that words are usually spelled the way they sound. English is not phonetic since there are many ways to spell one sound (such as “write,” "right" and “rite") and also different sounds for the same letter (as for example the letter "c" in the words "cake," “church” and “cease"). Nonetheless, this ingeniousness of the Lao alphabet has its limitations since the alphabet is a modified ancient Indian script, and it cannot be read by English speakers who have not studied a course on how to read the Lao alphabet (see PART 3 of this book). To surmount this difficulty, this book uses the phonetic system from the English-Lao: Lao-English Dictionary (Tuttle, 1970) which converts the phonetic Lao letters systematically into English character equivalents (a "phonetic" system using English letters) along with a number to indicate the tone of each syllable. The resulting phonetics for consonants and vewels together with a tone pitch chart are presented for reference in the tables on the following pages. A summary of the main features of Lao con- sonants, vowels and tones is given below. 1. CONSONANTS There are 33 Lao consonants (as shown on the next page) which fall into 3 groups which are distinguished by tone: namely, tow, high and rising. With one exception, all the consonants in the high and rising groups have the same sound excluding tone; thus for example, there are two letters "s": a high- tone "s" and a rising-tone "s". Since their sounds are the same, this means that the number of different sounds in Lao is only 20. All of these 20 sounds exist in English, chao:S lcoty & (4s) | your gather | at home?] |Father|isn't there. | your mother Mother he He [aze) | you You aren't. there] maa (See alco p.142/1,3,2) lnsuteg] cy dung] J x ran Bode cay + cacy laeng!| per yu ban™ boh* chaoi! poh? chao: | mas? chaos? | he is at home? | [ves. you are your father your mother In_the evening,ee [uuede) 2 | usw | acca You come from |market ? the fieldl home | He dao? imae® kohy* kohy$ poh? Kony they go_to market. My mother|goes to |the ficld. ft come from| the field, My fatherlis at home. 4|ma® ha] chao ppai' halpoh* 1ac*| poh" kohy! uy mother |eones to see lyou- z [go to see [ais father- My £ather| chao: bpaist comes fromVocabulary Exercise 1a Ww (See also p.154/3.7) canwia (a8 waana treur ago! Soe8winuara candid 22 un aroumnle -o2- sseutunaaan ues ne oy canuacnuaue ae cluusarun (See also p,.153/5:5) 7 ae bk ucangla eo agoduty bpais! chao:* bpai:! sai: mac! si:t bpai:! dtar? lat® poh *bpai:' na? diaw ! ni kohy 'siz* bpai:! ban lao? chao: bpais! ban® beh? mat atae ae? ma? deae* sais! kehy! ma} deae® dta:? 1at* poh? mae? kehy * ma? dtae* na? chao: ma? dtae* ban perin® ma? dtae* na? ya? poh* chao:® yu* sais kehy? yu* ban® To go Where are you going? Mother will go to market. Father is going to the rice-field now. I will go to his house. Are you going home? Po come from Where does he come from? I'm coming from the market. My father and mother are coming from the rice-field. Do you come from your home? ‘they come from the rice-field. To be at (in, etc.) Where is your father? I am at home.yom canes aguited anatomy Hama sot vin can anounmesn sourag Fant cirancuesn vs ita (Sauangollina ceqagiia agoliinn gout ita provwendaine ie shao:* yu" ban? bon” dtohn' laeng? Lae? ye* ban® ha” kohy ' si:? bpai:! ha‘ chao:* tao? ma? ha kohy * dtohn' 1eeng? siz? bpai:" ha® poh * per:n? ma? ha* mae™ kohy gon! dai:® chaos ma? diaw! nif goh! dai:® dtohn' laeng? gon! dai:® diaw' nif goh! dais Xehy# si 4 bpais' goh* da lao? bpai:' ha” per:n# goh" dai:* Are you at home? In the evening he is at home. (Go, come) to see T'll go to see you. He comes to see me. In the evening (I) will go to see (my) father. He came to see my mother. Can, It's all right to... wilde, okay You can come now. Evening is okay; now is okay too. It's all right for me to go. He can go and see him.10. 40 1. AA 12, 8a 13. RA Text Bo sau By @ auaedl avant chattels i. ee Biwaa cAaweicile Enon tk i aucaaaunol u “ bem 8 eoula uuesuaued agabucaguen u uty civiusawao acti meNAa cunigua U : k la Y cousaactnuomcty Aho 3 soot Wanchin jWwnouch eon vue annoy gechart): Kasam? ehizt?: 7 HIAN? TH? NEU:NG Sa:? bai* dit Sai? bai dit Chao:® sit bpais' sadist? Sit ppaistna?. Chao: ua? deae* sat:4 7 Ma? dtae* dta:? lat’. Mae* chao:? ga:? bai* di! boh*. Kobp! chai:! mas® key! east bait di! Diaw! nif poh* koh? ? Poh* bon? yu, Perin® pai: na? Laew’. Btohn" Jaeng? perin® yu* ban! bob? vutdtohn' laeng? chao:* ma? ha* persn* goh’ dai: Br! kohy siz? bpai:? ha¥ per gohn* der!. Kohy# siz! bpai:! na”. a ta? gohn*, LESSON 1: COMING AND GOING Hello. Hello, Where are you going? I'm going to the rice-field. Where are you coming from? From the market. How is your mother? ‘hank you. My mother is fine. Is your father at home now? He's not there. He went to the rice-field already. this evening will he be at home? Yes. Tonight you can come to see him. Okay. I will go to see him. Good-bye. I will go to the rice-field. Good-bye. -2a-LESSON 2: INTRODUCTIONS Substitution Exercise puan8 my sunuit Aue (See also p.145/2.2.4a) seavi may Ruut Sufisnnay ai Baliginc’n lea:? bait ai! tan® saz? bait ait sar? bait ail leas? bai* ai! tan® Jsa:? bai® ai! nyitn? ai! hu® char? tan® [nyizn? ai! hu cha:k? chao:* eee NGS eee age ee tl | Hello, sir, Hell, Hello Hello, Hello, I'm glad te know you, sir. I'm glad to know you. % (Ste also p.153/5. tan|danwaasaro |} [city Rasa ana bein’, bpak’ going® lai? bpern!, peren® hw" chasis aati” pa? sa! You [speak bao|[? | [¥es. . He can?| [¥es, he speaks very well. ‘They can the teacher speak| « many languages? Yes, he knows many languages.w “a agoilend eis 5 ayalioty wa oommagdtu bpai:! dtac' diaw! nif boh* bpai:! niS boh* bpai:! dtae* dtohn' laeng? si? bpai:! Yes, but I'm not going now. I'm not going now, but this evening eo kt a1 Suntie a uimacane Jno? dtae* diaw! ni® nyasng? yu bant poh* ma? hat kohy* dtae* si; * bpai:! hay mut _kohy! yu? ban? Poh? chao:! si: perin® ma? ha’ chao:* boh* Will your father come here?||y¥es, but now he's still at home.| Will they come to see you? || He won't come to see me but he will see my friend at home, Roe 4 ae (See also p,147/2.2.4m) aniisrwy § , Sorvautiy fino front SiSousaaay ies eek 2 oh o thy Gorey Q , Tervsegey Tusgawwen Roe Peer Ea Av Dwasd Ui, Wo fisqwsSoun way chao: ¥ mi? ay® boh* mi? ay® korn? neung* mi? quay sohng” korn? lao? mi? euay* boht perin® mi? ayF bob? mi? ay¥ schng? kor? mi? nohng® san kom? ay? euay® lai? xo: Do you have older brothers? | |¥es, I have one older brother. Yes, he has two older sisters. ies, they have 2 older brothers| and 3 younger siblings. but he has many older brothers and sisters. Dees he have older sisters? Do they have older brothers? Does he have younger siblings io,(See also p.153/5.5) [ees can ‘UaURS . en swa%0 Aitaso poh? kohy # man? kohy& euay ! roby 6 nehag? kony & ‘this |is |my father. That | |my mother. my older brother. my older sister. my younger sibling.| tant fnacn*[nai? ku! [pon] isa? aa] His father His mother His older brother! His older sisteraie Vocabulary Exercae 2-1 BN ctnsow tiga USmpr%e feotousranana Pure anonoutisBetiaa | 2-2 Bau ye g290 syst eous pu Baan ctusyy wadnana shunurgAia%o aries Jusruand 2-3 Jan Gn emussnanati ana vanes Auana Jenuadaa% 2 ‘owe anes ohn? persn* sohn* naing™ seu* yu* wis? baz? mya? lai? Kony sohn* pat sa Ino? yu* wits tar? nya? 1ai:? tae? sohn* naing™ seu* yat ban? euay kohy ¢sohn” na:ng* seu ian? nohng® kohy * hian? na:na™ seu? yu ban wohy* hien™ yu? wis? tar? nya?Lad:* erin? hian3 pa? ca* lac? naim? Jao? hian® maim? mu* tao* pak! chao: bpak* pa? sa¥ Lao® beh! tao? bak’ pa? se* lao? kom? Jao? bpak* pa? sa” lao? perin? bpak* lai? pa? sat To teach He (she) teaches at high school. I teach Lao at a high school. He (she) teaches at hone. My elder sister teaches. To_study My younger brothers (sisters) study at home. I study at high school. He (she) studies the Lao language with a Lao teacher. He (she) studies with his friend(s). To speak Do you speak Lao? He (she) speaks Lao. Lao people speak Lao. They speak many languages.t iD : Ss ‘Doe Ba danursnanodig snFg souigdcione anos an 2 6 i Re pansanaray and Sanwa =82- r ? ee 5 amd usin uinong tn ae WSiY (See also p.183/5.3) wBuorie syulish aves douunaana wun nung EWUTBrATOUA ct chao: bpak* pa? sa Lao? ge:ng* nai? ku? sohnt nazng™ seut ge:ng? lai® Zao? hian® ge:ng* nuf cha chao:* he! chazk? lao? boh* Jao? hu® chask* pa? sa% i207 wohy® beh? huF chark? 1a07 kohy® buf chi Lats? yu? sa: lao} boh* hot cha:k? ban nai? ku? yu sad: * 2 wit? ta:tnyad bpai:! pian? bpai:! wir? ta:tnya?lais? hian? naing™ seut ma? ban’ sohnY pa? sa* lao? pais! barf nai? ku? nian™ sa* lao? na:m? per:n® pa To be good at..-, skillful, “gan (do something) well. You speak Lao well. The teacher teaches very well. He learns well. To_know Do you know him? He (she) knows Lao. I don't know him. I know where the high school is. He (she) does not know where the teacher's house is. fo go to study I go to high school to study. He comes to my home and teach Lao. I ga to the teacher's house and study Lao with him.1 t poy WM (See also p.183/2.1.1) Behe we: = esulsnous In ven and Gabaron 1 imu Estinanw anos juiigguw finw ae 09 arob sina Zant gen by touuw Ba tact UiaZuy UU 9k Le eae wu due cenit ey and Urnusian uneguurdy Tai kohy*ni? ay® nohng# Lai ko:n? Yoo? mi? mu? korn? 1ao? 1at* mi? lad't poh? hus cha:k* tai* lao? hian? naing seu lait ait 1ai* eo? nyaing? mi? 1ai* kohy* nyaing? hu® chask? perin® nyarng? yu® ban® 2 4 aan 1 poh? lae:? mae* nya: ng) yu" na dtas* pon? yu" ban? dtac* mae” bon yut 1ao® bpak* pa? sa lao® dtae™ kehy* boh® bpe:n! Very, Much, I have many brothers and sisters. He (she) has many Lao friends. There are many things. Father knows a lot. He learns a lot. Very good. Still, Not yet. He still has much (many). I still know about it. He is still at hose. Father and mother are still in the rice-field. But Father is at home, but mother is net. He speaks Lao but,I can't.2-10 aa chu dandy wh siegctin Uamdetas aya bw wn nguuagetd Swine aa cbondalon So |B ae Se c a Boe = = r 5a $y uauaues dn x Swuhray t uaNaaou Bed gtk Caumh ese erin? bpak’ bpein' dtas® nehng * perm? bpak# boh? bpesn! aw! ni? pont bpaiz! atae* dtoha! lacng? sis* bpais! ay bpai:' Laew® diac? cuay® nyaing? yu *ban® sern* sern? nafng? yu" ni germ? Bpai:! ai! somn? ma? ban kohy bpai:! nam? ehao:® ma? natm? 120” boh * chao:* ma? nam? Kony * boh™ ite can speaks, but his. younger brother (sister) can't. Now I won't go,but in the evening Twill. Elder brother went,but elder sister is still at home. Please Please sit here. So long. Please come to my house. with (1111) go with you. Did (you) come with him? Will you come with me?3 he Se 6. 1 ‘% 10. Text Ba sau 8 wo oe at Shanteou iar avai Bik Snow feoga) sua’ nw FA onafuan inuromsnontsh (Seu tie Heogai hawdanwasanochy spats fuan aguicmgfuaro syudin tesgni 18 Rane 4 cl fl tumaufives cliudanaroede hoe ye fonuimess sy cimestia: Son Soviisthe ghuitig woarotdum ago Fbuenvites. heoget Guo ba use Bu fan equa10. 1. 10. i. Poh® kohng™ Kazm?: Mir? 1a: Poh® kohng® Kasim’: karm™: Pon? kehng? Kam: Mae* Kohng Kain): Misn? La? Mr. Miller: Khan's father: Kham: Kham's father: Mr. Miller: Kham's father: Kham: Kham's father: Kham's mother: Mr. Miller: 'BO:T* HIAN? TIT SOHNG* HIF maen™ pon® kony § sai) bai’ di'. Nyiin? ai* hue chark™ tan‘. Satbai* ai! tan*, tas tan? Mi:n? 1a? maen* nag! xu" gohn™ nang* seu yu* wit mya? Lait, tant bpak* pa* sa lao? ge:ng.* tian’ yu* saist? Chang* nai? ku? Korn” lag? hian? yu ban’. o*, ait qai*, mao® ni® maon? tan? ai maen® mao™ kohy! 1a nyang? mi! nohng® ke: bank diay! nif lint yu* nonk® nas 2 lat por:n* bpak* Lac! bpesn * maen® ay lae:* euay?. Kol 2 neurng* dtae* 1a0? boh® yul * mu™ lao. Sern? nang* ati", tan". Sern}, Hohp? chads! LESSON 2: INTRODUCTIONS This is my father. Hello. I'm happy to know you sir. Hello, six. Mr, Miller is a teacher teaching at the high school. Sir, you speak Lao well, Where did you study? I hired a Lao teacher and studied at home. Oh, very good. Mother, this is Mr. Miller. He can speak Lao. This is my mother. ‘That's my older brotl and older sister. Also I have one young brother, but he's not at home now. He's still playing outside with his friends. Please sit down, sir. Please. Thank you. aLESSON 3: THE NEIGHBORS, PART 1 ‘Substitution Exercise © % = Bou moun ana uagyursy cts vageou waga7d Lkony * lseut wa] tao dao nang? burn! tohng per:n? nohng?_kohy*| nohng laot Mr. Seng. Mrs. Bounthor "a un dyuns) a mae" ay! tao’ saeng? hang? busn! tehna * You know each other well ike each other a lot. lolder sister your wife Older brother Mrs. Bounthong =ano. | cBcmaut)|neeo9 th Tsanu tinast ‘a uanAt Smoaiio| fie is working at|the ministry. (see also p.149/3.1)|He Mr. Kham Mrs. Kham the office. where? fie an® kohyt [yu® gat [anf chao.® persn® ban? tao® saeng* Ce uauminattag kai? chaos! heng?_gan! gar suang? wir mya? lat is near|your house. Mr. Seng's house the office. the ministry. the high school. mi? |hewan? Jang new snd schag* lang Ysonw ny209 J | [vy house Sunray He They os e. kohy + ean | | cou fata 4 Ta ang Rook kai? chaos? | 7, J2=c an] ot san Ja:ng™ duk® korn? siaw! sohng” kozn™ mu* korn® tao | korn? newing | sohngt koin® Lait koin™ give i (soe also p.150/4.2) have [house one building. two buildings. three buildings. children [one person. two persons. Lao friend|one person, | two persons. | many pereonVocabulary Exercise Bo ra a7 pee argon fnaAa etter Pe kg! 2 ; gan Zon uaquimegU chaos seu? wa? nang? bus bon* cin 859 deuiuan ae a Be ow, 1 mou 209 lua tan? seu* wa? mim? la} boh* iu yt Ba sini on venga bc wha 349 fu aro ashy io Nght y eetan siuusaiy F ay® nohng 9: Bette Sh et usgmutven ( vesMATMEWEN) ,cung? aint gasn! yu? nonk® 7 (achag® Lin! nam? gain! yu® noni) Bony hresk® gan! 3. x o x stucHuunung cBonuw dAawnay per:s* yuX wir? tard nya h cancionan Ue chao:# here? gan" yu? cai: ep eer flu ucBanauduay mae? boh? he:t? gan' yu* ban’ ana cSanw gnzeag tac3 hert* gan’ ya® gaz? suang? Name is My name is Thao Kham. Is your name Nang Bounthong? His name is Mr. Miller. Is your name Miller? fo each other, together We knew each other, but don't like much. You and he can teach each other. ‘They are brothers. My little sisters and brothers are playing together outside. To work He is teacher. He works at the school. Where do you work? Mother does not go to work. She is at home. He is working in the ministry.3-4 _ltae kohy $mi? ay® ko: koi? newing = ater is Sonidowtndy caxtouAutia Bene a reat es ode uagesu sanuaie’ HeascugeuNn pecan SnivioanDuwaunagmaso war} chao:® hu cha:k? ga:n® dai: san? bpit Tae:® dtaeng 3 gan? laew nohng’ kohy § hut chak? ran? mi:n? ise:? mia:3 perm *ai! 3-5 cBy (See also p.153/5.5) bpe:n cucu ensign persn® bpein! ka‘ lat*sa:* gan* anadaneogn une? tao? bpem* luk* kohng® tan® burn’ * + tohng ? geuctueuaro kohy | bpain! korn? Lao? 1 o . onvessaratthaners ay* kohng* Lao? ppoin! nad? ku? j 5 ciuetuciis 3-6 fear ? nai? da! lao? eng? gan! 2 maz® dat dtoha' Lang? fuweas aro cEonwy gtegnan per muon sine UMMNgLGAD ta:m? maz* da! cuay ® kohy* bpais dta:7 latS mae? hoh® bpais! 8 Boe +h. muuran (Sgcegeunain duuld tam Vmai# aa! ta0* saeng* ma® ha® fuuyay mowsg uamwey duay = kahy * yu? ban & Tiuwny ieohilcBseandn da 5 Yneuing® Iae:? eway’ ana I have one elder brother and one elder sister. My younger brother knows Mr. Miller and his wife well. They knew each other for three years and got married. To be He is an official. She is a child of Mx. Bounthong. T am a Lac. His elder brother is a teacher she is (his) wife. Usually, on the whole, asarue — He usually works at the office. On the whole, he stays at home in the evening. As a rule, my elder sister goes to market. Mother doesn't (go). Usually Thao Seng comes to see me at home. Usually, my brother goes toaa 4 £ uagtits aro uimase é ‘ uagcis arauun ao 4 te yagtiel urgcioul 4 ‘ uagcie uners wwe gagrdan ff nagthe dovwedneniil a 4 sa ungire arouiuwen Pie nk oe dg Soviequhe Srehl carte ni a8 S wore uegtouueravaal Wes 1199 See also p.152/5.2a) Sou ruens vena \annuiaao «hy deratanatican wean ‘du snbsduno ‘ougsuungom Yaauao Bir bennercitt % 2ey sinaretomeiina bang! toua* lao? ma ha” kohy ® bang! toua* lao? boh* ma? bang! teua* mi? bang" teva * boh* ni? bang! teva nai? ku? bpais! bersng? whak® yu* na? gqoh' mi? bang' teua* kohy* bpai:' ban nobk* goh! mi? bang! teua* 1a07 boh* bpai gon mit Koby # mi? kohp¥ kua¥ ay gob! lae# nchng # goh! mi? na yu*wis? ta: nya? lai:? nad * ku? sohn* pa? sa lao? goh* mi? s dais. laew kohy + boean! kaélat® sar* gan! dai.? san" bpi' laews permn# yut Ino? daie® haf mpi! taewS ka 1 chao: bpai:! yu? hain® dais? bpi! nou:ng? laew? euay® kohy + dtaeng? ngan? dais? si? WF kohy t bpit Laow mony * hut hark? lao? dai:f tal“ ppi! laews Sometimes he comes to Sometimes he does not come. Sometimes we have it, sometimes we don't. Sometimes the teacher goes to look at the work in the rice- Eield. It happens that..., also Sometimes it happens that I go to the country side. Sometimes it happens that he does not go to rice-field. I have a family. I have elder brethers and younger siblings as well. At school we also have a Lao teacher. Sine 1 ago, for. T have been an official for 3 years. He has been in Laos for 5 years. They went to live there a year ago. My elder sister got married 4 years ago. I have known him for many years.Text ta spy & my asu Gavuarosuiigdoomouny. imounghuzousiniul warSninmae. noua Sonwinveog anadensagnw. Tauean anacéonawt sony acu agcivurnoncd gosnii. ara Gcouhgtgd inv qusee waeduameniioes gan anoung guviaddsa cisanagoa wi guuug9 aucanianaungo. “sie6. BO:T* IAN? TI? sam ony mi? mit Kozn® Lao? korn? neurag* seu* vat Tao! saeng eng gasp? kohy* hut chaik? garn' i! Laos? hark? gaen', Jai nao saeng® he:t* gan* yt ga:? suang?. ao! bpain tea hasten" gant sum? ma* da! 120? hese* gan’ yu hon gan! atae* bang! ceua* beats! bank obi? heringh lak? goh! mi? Lao! i? povan? Lang * neusng® yu? gai: ban kot! taa:* ya™ nam? kohpS ua? kong? Lao, tao? dtacng* ngan? dais? sen¥ opi! laows, sia? lao? sou* seat nang? tua! tohng?. Kas? chao: mi¥ uk Fko:n? ataw! LESSON 3: THE NEIGHBORS, PART 1 T have one Lao friend named Thao Seng. ‘hao Seng and I know each other well and like each other very ‘much. ‘Thao Seng works at a ministry. He is a government official. Usually he works at the office, but sometines ho goes to zural areas to inspect work. He has one house near my house and he lives with hie family. We marcied 3 years aso. His wife is named Nang Bounthong. ‘They have one child.LESSON 4: THE NEIGHBORS, PART 2 Substitution Exercise eae hos (See also exercises pp. 51 and 101.) aro | huey neu can [Baavao| Fungo ta en a A [bw bnufiaiy Sout Si ayo Bee Er Gad aa aaa] oleae iat Jao? mi? nohng® sit na’ kom? Jehao:S ni? kohp* kua?| koin? diaw! lya* niF ani? korn? sam sisp? kom? ban chao: | hat ko:n® tao? __[eiip) keen? they have [enitaren nany2] [Have]? persons. He has younger siblings 4 or 5 person You have fonily one person. Here are lpeopie 35 people. Your house has 5 people. He has 10 people. choy [a8] [eae (See aise p.nse/2.2) % ‘ = sages? longzou anfvond fosana ony] Buon es onydou neBuitl lenaoz at nyas*ehark? bpi'] [si* step? bpd! ja‘ nyus* chao: ® a! nyus* kohy! san si:p? ha * bpi' lacing? tao? a! sip? ean bp! tan? anes a! nyus* kohy! ha‘ si:p? si* bpi! Your age Incw many years?||40 years old. Your age Ny age 35 years old, His younger sibling age 30 years old. sir's age ty age 54 years old. slgwn Snctio unas atte to cbocksngo 4 potie3 92079 NWautos Anc2ora 12% Fei unio acto 7 faiaik? tua?) fan! wetina tous =a joeuing* toun® aaa’ } bpai:! siang? [bpai:' sam si* teua* mang? Jrexy? ma? ootng* tevad} 0:3 kery? ma? ie came ow many tines? lic cane 2 times. Ihe locked once. lle went 3 or 4 times luc has come 2 times. jou have to come to Vientiane 10] fain] —— [iano ha lac? eins dian! thao: * sohng" laing*| te Jnas [how many nouses?| [ne nas lone. vou have] lwo. [= § | Bea | nw doagt ibs a fesch] [eton ann Teo? [aot noing int yu ving? casa wiak® [fe [has [retatives|nany in Vientiane, ie fiends \thevihavelfhouses _| lor Biyaov tga] co | Sian z Rega exch Signtnay eBonaugta wa nun te wind urfinitis eeny! beh? hu? chask? [120% jai? a! nya:* chazk? pps kas? chaos |i? tak? chack? kosn? fnest® gan! yus sais fppai:' sais fra? dtae* gaa? boas" chask? ppa" chai? tous don't know|ne |is now o1a? they|have how many children? work where? cane from where? Jwent for how many years?| ‘cane how many times? gatVecsey Exercise 2 fio. Bousfinwona%w aucdncfindangdecua cEnacfiegts onetnd fous, aracFodta as om anys SG enyeou Bul on nornponticed " anovs sayaroing eo uth arofvdou Bessumats oxvta uoviiy gen ddA SA dutty gere ony! gore! yu® wing? chasa! ka:? chao: gare yu? atang® bpa:? coer enaoef gore! yu pi! s atnyas? cha? kony + bot nat tao? gert ! yu* sats? toy ‘a! ayus® chaos cha:k? bpi! a! nyu: kohy faisp? bpd! chao:f hu Fehack? a! nyu? kehng * pont mae chaa:* hon? tao? beh? huS e! nyust lao} chavk? bot kas? chaos’ beh* yo* nasn™ gain! i? Kosa? lai" Koon? yu? nasn? gasn! To be born T was born in Vientiane. ‘They were born abroad. Where were you born? How old (are you)? I don't know where he wes born. Age How old are you? Im 10 years old. Do you know your parent's age? He doesn't know how old he is. Together He and I have studied together. ‘Tey came together. They are not Living together ‘There are many people. They Live touether.ate leo p.188/6.3) iia se cubrebosty cho ana unmdev coun axctn unfeosoa suction a ee secininhngre tution 5 Gua ‘iromt hon-w gneeog fun 1a anuiucao aecSngagga Suh Gigardwdeana fin eso Fouktnare Gun proflian x +6 7 a vs cancomasiero tod Xo grarecoacEaniaod reuay € teuay! peri? wan: levang? na:n® levay® hesay® tuo? ma? nat xoty teuay? levay* chao: na? seu kohng™ wiang? chain! JeuayS lousy kas chai gain! lauay? leuay? do:n’ dozn ‘ro wasn? hert? gan! yut ge:!euang’ dosnt doin! dais san™ isp” Bei! teow az? chao: yu! wiang? chasm’ dosn' nia? lao? bpais! dtar? iat dom’ dom? sea* kohng* lait yohythuf cnask? 120” do:n' dora! Bh Lae? auk® 120? wao:* bpesn' leew boh* pa? sa¥ lao’ dais? boh* Always, all the tine He always tells that story. He always cones to see me. they alvays come to shop in ‘Vientiane. hhask* gain* Jai" yu* neve? They Like each other a lot, (they) ‘are always together. For_a_long tine Thao Kham has been working in the ministry for a long time, Te'g been 30 years now. They have lived in Vientiane for many years His wife went to market fora ‘long tine to do lots of shopping, qai* I have known him for a long tine; it's been many years. To speak, tell can you speak Lao? can his son speak already? racemea oe ‘RES iNeOnt 59 Pn i mnordeo7 anokWangdecan Rok pee gestncdnan bgtctudte By Uses seo p.183/5.20) kag : cant Polelgg 9209199 Pon Bedlo39%u anachespsunanaractotin Hout Busumswarate con is veo inert aninicime ae evcietncdsin te hres Revie anointess Yano ka:? chao:¥ wan: leuase? ma* Jao? Wao: wa® 1ao? si: bpai: acang? mpar? tacf Kar? chao: F wao:®wa* boh* bu F ban? ‘permn® yut esis? kery? enao:Fhery? bpet:! siang? kwang* bot ohy! xery® yu * wiang? chain! 1207 kery? nian pa? ga* lao? teua* ‘pewing? ony! bon™ kery? deen! tang? bpate dtang! bpa:? tet chaos? mask* Lae? bob* duk™ mask? poh” mae* Lai ™ kas? chaos mask? woo? a kohy# aask* bea: lin‘ yu* hain! azo? mark seat kohng® yu* dta:? att ‘They talk about their friends. Ho says that he is going abroad. They say that they don't know where his house is. ed Have you been to Xieng Khouang? I used to live in Vientiane. Ho once learned Lao before. I have never travelled abroad. Like Do you Like Lao? Children like (their) father and mother very much. They Like to talk for a long ‘time. I like to go there to play (for ‘enjoynent.) She likes to buy things at the market.2 do. Text fn spud a sungunina 9D ma 9 Ju Shhogmetdh undoar drotagununesge0%s cfg. 3 ano ory autos Zoull erqcigare Snd. yurone gies Counties evt5a Wnanousiiuedonn urapen teoucy. Yeuenio wondon wmrextSrlom waduiuiun Drowage Bevery uvean wndcie emg a anaincdacoqn-uctum 920 7410.Lo. BO:T" MIAN TI? si Nang} Burn Tohng? been! tai? wiang® cha:nt mi? pit nohngS tai? yu* nif deac* pua? tao? Tact Sacng” ma} atae* siang’ Kuana®, gertt yu* hasan’, Spit nif lao %a! nya* sanY size boi! Kony bob* uf at nya? mia? Lao? chask? bot! mia? vant saang gasp? mia? kohy* goh' hask* gain! lai”. Kas? chao: bpais' ava:? iges na:nt gant leuay? leuayr. Wang? Barn* Tohng? seu kotng® gang". Meo Swan a! tH ¢ st? puak® kohy + bpais! nat kas3chao: yot ban? 1ae:# Join? ‘8! doin! doin". ‘rao sang? xery? npais! atang* par? cat? sam Y ei€ teunt, tao? mazk* woo: leuang? gan! dern' tang? xohng 120%, LESSON 4: THE NEIGHBORS, PART 2 Nang Bounthong is a native of Vientiane. She has many relatives here, but her husband Thao Seng comes from Xieng Khouang; he was born there. This year, he is 30 years old. 1 don't know how old his wife is. Thao Seng's wife and ay wife Like each other very much. They go to market together often. Neng Bounthong is good at shopping. On Sunday we go to see them at their howe and talk a very ong time. ‘Thao Seng has been abroad three or four times. He Likes to talk about his travels.LESSON 8: Substitution Exercise GOING TO MARKET BY PEDICAB yubuctieta pais! hasnt tao* ais! How much to go there? atin so géarBufe tarng? most? sonng* hoby® sip? ait In all 210 kip. Vartan taiz* nger:n? du;t | Count the money please. poucagurwniitceg | acon’ ineng? sa? tot | mm the evening, please perin® dact du come look for thems Ean paing? nl aim Please eit here, wen pats! dae* Please go. Snannowen seu makt quey? dee* | Please buy some bananas. ewe ais? bonds! sais? Where are you going? gota xohp* chat ‘Thanks. Bu sage Please. = ron ciinto aos’ taoi* dais! How much is it? x 7 ‘Waanaces pai! dtas? Lat‘ eaor'] Go to the morning market.Fwia [aa [oanacda oar Drglecm sist bpais! sais] [sist ponds tfacas? latt snort jeiang? chant tana! boa.” tot] mere are you going?] ff will go to|the morning narket lvientiane. abroad . waaracfa | tinto| | fnkuke (see also ».150/4.11 ‘Wino au arncaunttiy vBl9 aoatoefu aang ziooty ool found warnyg Ma Fisavsoxe0 pate dea inet anoit aor? aair[none? stip? oi! pais! wis? tai nya? las] [ha ® size ak! gay! vi nowmgt Jui* nousng* gohng* aohy* — gipt nak‘ husng® nuay * ne Jnuay? neu:ng* hohy® hat sizp® nakt giang’ gi' 10? jgit 10% Jast cohag®”hohy * ito go to the morning market) how auch]| 60 Kip. To go to the high school Bananas one bunch Papaya one fruit oranges one kilo 50. One bunch 200 kip one fruit 150 Per kilo 200. iAcSnaia low lewis ms | to | (See also p.147/2.2.4») & (Sau ueoms wennoy Bay annya teas a: nya:ng,Mfay® leo: Juak® hurng* auay* nain? [taos* aad: Jeuay jaa? os Jaak? quay? wit iac* nak! gsang’ git 10? 1024] what do you wantJolder brother] Ti take [papaya. that fruit[now older sister? bananas. Per bunch aan? loranges. Per kilo feEatas lea - ovttsounrty [edad oa 08 av fronden |cSo%n| a3] | ‘SanBn30 lata|_[emtoe] | fral | cSraeatta may? nif hohy? hab si:p? aor! boh™ 2a:* |[soing * hohy,[a0:'_chask [wi Jaor* wit axav! git 109] |san® hohy 7 git Loffao:" sonng gi! 10? ‘This fruit 150.| will you take it? ves. Bunch] per |200. | do you take how many]bunches?| [i"11 take one bunch. Kilo 300. kilos? | [I"11 take 2 kilos.(see alse p.150/4,2) ase= ee 2 [people ai 3 |buildings Bo 4 |machines. a a 5 |fruite ian ies 6 |bunches = 7 |kilos in e So no 8 |days ah Ma 9 |kip iv : 4 10 fm) fy eer fu an mle an People [one 2 laing*| Building fy | F cy Machines ae 5 nuay? fmai:? Fruit : wit Bunches mon | lw 08-aa- Vocabulary Exercise 100 Sige aug dtiun tat eh a et ca4Q7 280 een Sf Be mw red. egugne aa ox] Hess oe ee egugac samo seo wi CH yf, us] ucthuiaiita uno: uml idnancut cSoBeie Unie} 7207193 FAY SGUUWAZL69 geget oLang? Kwang? ma? wiang? chain’ x gi! kohy 5-3 tUuasy pein ? kt ciun}5 exeanuun pom! a “ ' Dungy cardama ‘Speen i‘ ko} ae cing a aracovnaqoug ‘bo? kony f ta! chao: dtas* ni® bpa! dtec* wiang? chas cha:k? gi! lo? dtae? dta:? Int ma? nif chest? si:p? sam* lof tat yu* nif gae* chao: F ta! kohy ® yu? nif dae” kohy* ta chao:’ doin' den! dtae™ ‘chao:Fboh* ma? goh! dai:® Steet (nit) [pains na) , mi* cha:k* gi’ 1o "pais! hain! mi? Yea? nam? ka: # chao:! nya:g"ka:? chao: ? boh* ma” nyaing? chao: yak! dai:* nyamg" lao? wao:® wa’ lao” hut To wait Samloh, please wait here! Please wait for me here. I waited for you for a long time, but you did not come. E can wait for you. From (here) to... How many kilometers from here? How many kilometers from Vientiane to there? From market to here, 70 kip. From Xieng Khowang to Vientiane T came with them. way Why don't they come? Why do you want it? Why does he say he doesn't know?eBundig SaucSabiayh cog ar0bg 4m pies cue Siren 5-5 ae soulmanussufuily arallanicaunyo PBiluccank Reet m eect pacman seo By (See steo p.188/7.21 ee eee anoaacan Gu Saud . Fon Trfu arabe coffe arountao sae u gta ke rusting Sa beeen" aye bpe:n ' nyaing* lao? boh* hat dai" tact paeng? tae ® mi? tai® tae azas* 1g ay chaos? boh* boai:* ny doesn't your brother go together (with youl? why doesn't he know? Indeed, really! That's really a lot! it's expensive indeed! ‘here are many indeed? only kohy! mi? dtac* ean tnehy® gip*neumg! T have only 300 kip. tao? mi? luk¥ dtaa* kom? aiay! nou! niF mi? etae* nasw? aif kas? chao:* ma? dtae * sant korn? chewsng® ao? ta! chaos? dos’ gern! cheusna* pad! at esp? Lao? bob* boaie ‘ssp? cheu:ng® bpai:! Lap? ma? laow? chew! * pais! samt lh? Kaen? na:n¥ paeng? cheusng™ ‘ach * a0: He has only one child. ‘Today there is only this variety (kind) - Jast three persons cane. Then, so He waited for you quite a while and then went away. For $0 (kip) he won't go; for 70 (kip) he will. If he cones, then he'll go (with you) that sanloh is expensive, so 1 won't take it.