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Physical and Personal

Development in the Arts

Quarter 1
Module 3

The Anatomy of
an Artist:
Muscular System
Physical and Personal Development in the Arts – Grade 11
Quarter 1 – Module 3: The Anatomy of an Artist: Muscular System
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Maria Christian Jallina S. Sampang
Editors:
Reviewers:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso, Ed. D.
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña, Ed. D.
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon, Ed. D. (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde, Ed. D. (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera, Ed. D. (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio, Ph. D. (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos, Ph. D. (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao, Ed.D. (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Physical and Personal
Development in the Arts
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 3
The Anatomy of an Artist:
Muscular System

Introductory Message
 For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Physical and Personal Development in the Arts (Grade 11)
Module on The Anatomy of an Artist: Muscular System!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed, and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Physical and Personal Development in the Arts Module on

The Anatomy of an Artist: Muscular System!
 This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - These point to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module. 

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

By the end of the lesson, the learner is expected to achieve the following learning
competencies:
 Identify the parts of the body involved in the creation/performance of
different art forms.

PRETEST
Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on the blank provided before the
number.
______ 1. What is the main function of the muscular system?

A. Movement C. Protection

B. Voice production D. Framework

______ 2. Which among the following is not a type of muscle?

A. Skeletal C. Visceral

B. Cardio D. Strong

______ 3. It enables to flex the forearm, especially when the forearm is somewhat
facing downward.
A. Biceps brachii C. Brachioradialis

B. Deltoid D. Sternocleidomastoid

______ 4. The main functions of the ________________ are the extension and external
rotation of the thigh at the hip joint.

A. Latissimus dorsi C. Quadriceps femoris

B. Gluteus maximus D. Hamstring

______ 5. _____________________ are a group of three long muscles located in the

posterior compartment of the thigh, shaping up the surface anatomy of this region.
 A. Latissimus dorsi C. Quadriceps femoris

B. Gluteus maximus D. Hamstring

LESSON

“The groundwork for all happiness is good health.”

-Leigh Hunt

The Anatomy of an Artist: Muscular System

The Muscular System is composed of specialized cells called muscle fibers. Their
predominant function is contractibility. Muscles, attached to bones or internal
organs and blood vessels, are responsible for movement.
In addition to movement, muscle contraction also fulfills some other important
functions in the body, such as posture, joint stability, and heat production.
Posture, such as sitting and standing, is maintained as a result of muscle
contraction.
Heat production, to maintain body temperature, is an important by-product of
muscle metabolism. Nearly 85 percent of the heat produced in the body is the
result of muscle contraction. Moreover, there are over 700 named muscles which
make up half of a person’s weight.

There are three types of muscles:

 Visceral muscles, also known as smooth muscles, are involuntary
muscles that found in organs that are responsible for their functions
through contractions. For instance, muscles in the bladder wall contract
to expel urine from the body.
 Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles that are responsible for almost
all body movements from walking to blinking. These muscles also
function to continuously maintain posture, holding the bones in the
correct position, generate heat to maintain normal body temperature, as
well as changing facial expressions. Additionally, skeletal muscles cover
the skeleton, giving the body its shape.
  Lastly, cardiac muscle is a muscle that only exists in the heart. It
contracts to squeeze blood from the heart and relaxes to fill it with blood.
Skeletal Muscles that Artists Most Commonly Utilize
 Facial muscles are responsible for facial expressions and mastication,
which is the mechanical grinding of food into smaller pieces. The majority of
the facial muscles contribute to exhibiting expressions.
 The sternocleidomastoid muscle is a two-headed neck muscle, which
functions to flex the neck both laterally and anteriorly, as well as rotate the
head contralaterally to the side of contraction.
 The trapezius is a large, triangular, paired muscle located on the posterior
aspect of the neck and thorax. It is largely involved in movements of the
shoulder girdle and is therefore functionally considered as a muscle of the
upper limb rather than of the back.

 The deltoid is a thick, triangular shoulder muscle. It functions as the

rotator of the arm and plays a part in stabilization.
 The biceps brachii is one of the chief muscles of the arm, which participates
in its movements as well as of the shoulders and elbows.
 The triceps brachii represents the only constituent of the posterior muscle
group of the arm. It spans almost the entire length of the humerus.
 Brachioradialis is in the lateral part of the posterior forearm. It enables to
flex the forearm, especially when the forearm is somewhat facing downward.
The function of this action is seen in various ordinary activities such as
hammering or rowing.
 Flexor digitorum profundus is a muscle located deep within the anterior
(flexor) compartment of the forearm. Its main action is flexion of the fingers
at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints, as well as assists in
flexion of the hand on the wrist.

 The pectoralis major is a paired, superficial muscle located on the anterior

surface of the thoracic cage or rib cage. The main function of this chest
muscle as a whole is the adduction and internal rotation of the arm on the
shoulder joint.
 Rectus abdominis, informally known as the abs muscle, is a long muscle of
the anterior abdominal wall. In those with low body fat, it is clearly visible
beneath the skin forming the ‘six pack’. It extends from the rib cage all the
way to the pubic bone.
 The latissimus dorsi (AKA: 'the lats muscle' or 'the lats') is the widest
muscle in the human body. It is relatively thin and covers almost all back
muscles at the posterior trunk, except the trapezius. Its functions are arm
internal rotation, arm adduction, arm extension, and assists in respiration.
 The gluteus maximus muscle is located in the buttocks and is regarded as
one of the strongest muscles in the human body. The main functions of the
gluteus maximus muscle are the extension and external rotation of the thigh
 at the hip joint. Additionally, its superior part can produce thigh abduction,
while the inferior part causes the thigh adduction.
 The quadriceps femoris, commonly known as the quad muscle, is the
strongest muscle of the human body. It is located in the anterior
compartment of the thigh. The function of the quadriceps femoris muscle is
to extend the leg at the knee joint and to flex the thigh at the hip joint.
 The hamstring muscles, or simply the hamstrings, are a group of three long
muscles located in the posterior compartment of the thigh, shaping up the
surface anatomy of this region. These muscles are the biceps femoris,
semimembranosus and semitendinosus muscles. The primary function of
the hamstrings is to flex the knee joint and extend the hip, enabling some of
the essential lower limb activities such as walking, running, and climbing.
The hamstrings have an important stabilizing function as well; they are
inactive when the bodyweight is equally distributed between both lower
limbs in a standing position.
 Gastrocnemius is a large muscle located in the posterior leg. Posteriorly, is
the most superficial of the muscles of the leg and forms the bulk of the calf.
It acts in many basic activities, such as walking, running and leaping.

ACTIVITY
Activity 1
Draw 3 different muscle exercises that show which muscles are in use, then label
and name at least 2 target muscles in each drawing. Refer to the example below.
 PUSH UPS

Figure 1: Example of Activity 1 | Photo Source: Gym Guider

Activity 2
Write an essay with at least 100 words about how you can take care of your
muscles.
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WRAP-UP

What is the main idea of the lesson?

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VALUING

What is the purpose of the lesson?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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 POSTTEST

Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on the blank provided before the
number.
______ 1. It is the widest muscle of the human body.
A. Gluteus maximus C. Latissimus dorsi

B. Pectoralis major D. Rectus abdominis

______ 2. It is known as the shoulder muscles.

A. Sternocleidomastoid C. Gastrocnemius

B. Deltoid D. Brachioradialis

______ 3. This is a two-headed neck muscle, which functions to flex the neck both
laterally and anteriorly, as well as rotate the head contralaterally to the side of
contraction.
A. Sternocleidomastoid C. Gastrocnemius

B. Deltoid D. Brachioradialis

______ 4. It is also known as smooth muscles.

A. Strong C. Skeletal

B. Cardiac D. Visceral

______ 5. These are the only type of muscle that can be voluntarily moved.

A. Strong C. Skeletal

B. Cardiac D. Visceral
 KEY TO CORRECTION
Pre-Test Post-Test
1. A. Movement 1. C. Latissimus dorsi
2. D. Strong 2. B. Deltoid
3. C. Brachioradialis 3. A. Sternocleidomastoid
4. B. Gluteus maximus 4. D. Visceral
5. D. Hamstring 5. C. Skeletal

REFERENCES
https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/muscular/types.html

https://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/
skeletalsmoothandcardiac/heart_beat.shtml

https://biologydictionary.net/mastication/

www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/