What is

Malware and
How to
detect it?
 What is Malware?

Malware, short for malicious software, is a blanket term for

viruses, worms, trojans and other harmful computer
programs hackers use to wreak destruction and gain access
to sensitive information. 2
Types of
Malware
 Types of Malware

1. A worm is a standalone piece of malicious software that

reproduces itself and spreads from computer to computer.

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 Types of Malware

2. A virus is a piece of computer code that inserts itself within the

code of another standalone program, then forces that program to
take malicious action and spread itself.
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 Types of Malware

3. A trojan is a program that cannot reproduce itself but

masquerades as something the user wants and tricks them into
activating it so it can do its damage and spread.
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 Types of Malware

4. Spyware, in essence, it spies on your behavior as you use

your computer, and on the data you send and receive, usually
with the purpose of sending that information to a third party.
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 Types of Malware

5. A Rootkit gets its name because it's a kit of tools that gain
root access over the target system, and use that power to hide
their presence.
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 Types of Malware

6. Adware is malware that forces your browser to redirect to

web advertisements, which often themselves seek to download
further, even more malicious software.
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 Types of Malware

7. Ransomware is a flavor of malware that encrypts your hard

drive's files and demands a payment, usually in Bitcoin, in
exchange for the decryption key.
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 Types of Malware

8. Malvertising is the use of legitimate ads or ad networks to

covertly deliver malware to unsuspecting users’ computers.

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How to
detect
Malware
 How to detect Malware

1. Check if your operating system is up-to-date.

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 How to detect Malware

2. Check if you are getting a lot of pop-ups.

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 How to detect Malware

3. Look for new toolbar items and icons.

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 How to detect Malware

4. Note if you are being redirected to unexpected web

pages.
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 How to detect Malware

5. Check if your computer is running slower than usual.

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 How to detect Malware

6. Check if your antivirus software and firewalls

have been disabled.
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 How to detect Malware

7. Note whether your computer has been crashing a lot.

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 How to detect Malware

8. Check whether your computer hardware is

responding to commands.
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 How to detect Malware

9. Keep track of any unusual error messages you may

have received.
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 How to detect Malware

10. Check to see if your personal email and social media

accounts have been hacked.
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