ARTICLES OF FAITH PILLARS OF ISLAM Prepared by Sir Dr. Zafar Alam (Ph.D) © SirZaferAlan 9 0300-2101569 > zafaralamtatorials@gmail.comINTRODUCTION ‘a well as in practice the teachings of Islam vary in ese natural sequence in them. Some of the teachings me of walls and pillars. Articles are of basic importance terminology they are called “Beliefs”, in the In principle importance. There exists @ foundation. Others are like teachings of Istam. In religious While betiefs are the principles, all the rest of ths practices are ikea tee of which the beliefs are the sed. Ag ‘without its seeds is not possible ikeyise praotiCe Wi are five basic beliefs according aly 1. Belief in Allah. _ But the traditions of the Holy Prophet reveal that in beliefs there is one more article of fpittha His Anghls, Hk and you affirm yourfaith in he Divike De 0 The Holy Quran contains hae ‘0 be a Muslim to deny the existence of Alle atheists (those who deny the eign wees (© prove the existence of Alla. ™ questions. Nstence) are asked of a few simple but searchin “Tell me! The seed We the Grower?” (56:63-54) oe (56:63-64) “Tey orate “4 the , me! ae is it you that make it grows he water that you drink, is it you ™ Book 4 oe Articles of ahr in cause it from the rain clouds to come down, or are We the Causer f it to come down? (56: 68-69) “Tell mel The fire which you kindle, is it you who made the tree thereof to grow, or are We the Grower? [56: 71-72] Sir Zafar Alam ‘The theory that the universe came into existence merely by chance or that it is all an illusion, is too absurd to merit serious consideration, when planning, proportion, precision, regulation and law are evident everywhere in the entire universe, and loudly proclaim the existence of a Supreme, All-Wise Creator ang S@pime Regulator of all affairs. There must be a cause for every effect; and AflahNig he First Cause of all vast universe; the ws shinnitG glory; t foundation of Islam. O says: “Allah there is nb god and Only.” [112: 1] Belief in two gody, doa worship) two gods; for He is just One God.” [16: 51}. As regard trinity, the people of the Book are told: ('So believe in Allah and His apostles) Say not “trinity” desist: it will be better for you; for Allah is One God.” [4: 171]. Polytheism has been refuted again and again: “Say (O Muhammad) partner has He, and of this I have been commanded, and I am the first of the Muslims.” [6: 163] Wt also says:(“Nor does He share His command with any person whatsoever.” ¥18: 22] Te Book4 Page (3)Sr Zafar Alam ily: lim above havi or family: “Glory be to Hi ne ere Seas and on earth...” [4: 171] We are teal when He has no wife.” (6: 101) Allah has no son, dau} To Him belong all things in “How can He have children, matchless attributes of Allah which make Him the 1 the Everlasting and the Self-exiting. Tt meang ie, Nobody has created Him, He exists of ty ack of your lord full of There are many unique and One and Only God. He is the Eternal that He has always been shall always Majesty and Honour will abide forever.” [55:26-27] YA] He is also the the Chrrisher and i lom, Acquainted with all thingsx [ materialization. “Verily| Says to it,” Be!” and it It means that evér¥ action of His is by justi k ime ased 01 imess. All of His injunction, inherent, as well as religious, is decison are co justice, He rewards people according to thei misdeeds and gives good reward fr their good deeds. «And they will be judge Wil Justice, cs 7 wrong will be done unto them.” (10: 54) “... The book will be place! fave) and ihe brophets and the witnesses wil be brought forward, and tt will © Judge between them wl ruth, and they wit not ga wronged.” (39: 69) ed.” (39: Book 4 —7) Articles of Sir Zafar Alam Faith He is not the authority only in this world but He will be the only authority in the next world. Surah Fatiha says: “Master of the Day of Judgment.” [1: 3] At another place we are told: “There is nothing whatever like unto Him; and He is the One that hears and sees (all things). (42: 11) someone is considered a shai implications of Attributes. This orficone is considered as his father or his child, +” Belief that He has become one by integrating hi © Assumption that he appears or be his descendant. Allah any attribute is prégek as it is in Allah. For exa He knows everything whether it is manifest or secret. For Him that which is actually absent is present. The past and the future are, for Him the present. If someone thinks that a certain creature also knows everything like Him, it would amount to considering him a partner in the attributes of Allah. Similarly to benefit and to harm as is an attribute of Allah. Which implies that He provides the source of joy and pleasure to whom He likes and deprives of this whom He so desires. If someone thinks that any angel, jinn or saint can redress his misfortune or can trouble and harm him, he will be Book4 Page (5)a Sir Zafar Alam a - il Allah. This will tantamount : ; f the attributes of 7 making him a sharer in one o| partnership in His attributes. ; \d known as Major Shirk or Shirk Shirk is unpardonable an i 7 Ba ee ie presence of any ofthe above mentioned tyPe of believes eae of the unity of Allah seizes to exist. ee the concept of unity e Is ‘And where there is no faith seizes to exist, faith also is undone. ; is out of question. Ths is why the Quran has regarded it rubission for mayone else also would there by make him a sharet © Allah sent one hun mankind, They came to all parts of the world. The Holy Quran says, “And there is not @ nation but a warner has passed among them.” [35:24] ‘© Most of the messengers were sent to Jerusal a ike Zakariyy® rapetstinoerees salem near Masjid Aqsa like Z: ‘© The prophets were chosen by Allah, Pro prophet with his own efforts. The Hol whom to place His message.” [6:125) renty four thousand messengers for the guidance of phethood is a gifted thing and no can be * ly Quran says, “Allah knows better will § Book Fae Sir Zafar Alam Articles of All prophets were communicated by Allah through revelations. Some were given new scriptures and law, they are known as Rasool, like Moses was given Old Testement (Torah), David was given Psalms (Zabur) and Jesus was given New Testement (Injeel). Some of them were not given new books and they were supposed to preach the books of other prophets like Haroon used to preach Torah. Such prophets are known as Nabi. All prophets were given miracles to prove their proph people, like Moses was given a staff which changed irfta/ give life to the dead ete. yod in front of their hake and Jesus could iffess. They never did any sin but being a hi Allah corrected them. Adam (AS) ate the forbiddep é-prophets explained how to implement it in daily lives, The Holy| Gi, “I am sent as a teacher.” The prophets were the rofe model for their people. They said and did every thing under the divine guidance. The Holy Quran said, “He does not speak of (his own) desire. It is an inspiration that is inspired.” [53: 3-4] The prophets never asked for any return of their preaching. They all said to their nations: “O my people I do not ask of you any reward of it (preaching), my reward is from the Lord of the worlds.” They had their own ways of income like ‘Adam (AS) was a farmer and David (AS) made armours, Books Page (7) |a iy Faith Sir Alam e, There © The messengers brought the ae ati all of them had the same souree of teachings. It is also a proo! knowledge i.e. revelation. «All of them belonged to the noble amie. They were extremely Wise, intellgen, le. , ; _ and Peo roa ‘elit in all the prophets is equally ‘important. By ejecting * According ee m person becomes a dsbeliver. For jsfance, concerning hy even a sini says, “And Noah? dhen they denied the nation of the Prophet Noah Allah messengers,We drowned thes” They are neither They do not hav the belief of Makk: the Most Gracious \Allah) fémales. Did they witness their creation? Their testimony will be recopaed, and they will be questioned!” [43: 19] * They are given limited knowledge according to their functions. When Allah asked questions from Adam and angels, so Adam gave the answers and angels said: “They (angels) said: “Glorified are You, we have no knowledge except what you have taught us, Verily itis You, the AU-Knower, All-Wise.” [2:32] Angels are given wings and the number and size of their wings depend on theit ranks. The Holy Quran says: “Who (Allah) made the angels with wings, v0 0 three or four.” [35: 1] Angels appear in different forms. The Holy Prophet 58 Book4 ‘Page (8) ar Arica of Angel Jibrail sometimes like a being suspended in the air, sometimes in the shape of aman, sometimes like a being having wings. Angels are given lots of powers to carry out Allah’s commands like Jibrail took up the town of H. Lut and threw it back upside down. When Allah decide to destroy & people he ordered an angel just to shout, “It was but one shout and lol They (all) were still (dead).” [36: 29] © Angels are infinite in number. The Holy Quran says: “4 hosts of your Lord but He.” [74: 31] Se ne | | Sir Zafar Alam d\ none can know the FUNCTIONS: Angels are created for various fgement or of comprehension on the part of iunication between man and his Creator is called id used as a channel of the transmission of the massage of ch, or He sends a messenger to reveal what He will is the Most High, Most Wise.” [43351] . a a é i d i also; “And we (aig 30] Sometimes angels Badr. The Holy Qui He answered you (sdyi on ranks.” [8: 9] Angels act as Allah’S-afiéssengers: “Allah chooses Messengers from angels and from men.” [22: 75] Angels were sent down by Allah to give tidings to Zakariya and to Maryam (about the birth of a child) before whom they appeared in human form. Angels also appeared in human form before Ibrahim to give glad tidings of the birth of a son and before Lut to warn him for the torment of his people and to ask him to leave the town that was going to be destroyed. ‘Angels are also appointed on the Heaven and the Hell. The in charge of Heaven is Rizwan and the in charge of Hell is Maalik. About the angels of Heaven the Holy Quran says: “....and its (Paradise) keepers will say (to people) peace be upon Book 4 before You.” [2: | Page (9)Baan Me Str Zafar rer.” [39: 73] and to abide therein forev youl You have done al ae “ ape oie Cell) w (eine) wt ees a disobey not (from executing) comman y e from {and) severe, a Allah, but do that which they are a an deeds, They ate known s Theres pa nay carn nye "Ba erly over OU (Pe appolied een. ‘ r ap fees of mankind) to which you, Kiraman Kgtibeen (Honourable Writers), they know all that you do.” [82: oe Ko go the newl Revelation is a employed by Allah for dofiveying His commands and messages to His chosen apostles and prophets. It is not a thing which can be acquired by study or learning. Revelation is not what is called “kasabi” i.e. eamed by one’s labour; but it is entirely “wahabi”- a special gift from Allah. A man can eam knowledge of several things by using his five senses and intelligence but, even so man suffers from certain weaknesses and disabilities and his knowledge remains very limited as Allah says: “And of knowledge, you (mankind) have been given only a litle.” [17: 85] With this limited knowledge man is incapable Book 4 Pane (10) Articles of Faith of acquiring accurate knowledge about His Creator and His attributes, the Hereafter and all the things after death. All these things belong to the domain of “Ghaib” the unseen. Str Zafar Alam The success of mankind depends on following the revelations. While commanding Adam to get down from paradise, Allah told him that guidance will come to him from Allah and he should follow that guidance. The Holy Quran says: “O Children of Adam! If there come to Messengers from ang My verses, then whosoever becomes pious and righte6 ou, reciting to you jem shall be no fear As one hundred and for the guidance of span fly Quran, similarly a few 5e scriptures are as follow: The Torah, as origin: yr revbaled td Mush copy of the original T| ; then say, “This is frort Allah,” to purchase with it a little price!” [2: 79] They showed to their people separate sheets and concealed much of its contents. The Holy Quran says: “O people of Scripture! Now has come to you Our Messenger (Muhammad) explaining to you much of that which you used to hide from the ‘Scripture and pass over much...” [5: 15] The Old Testament in the Bible cannot, for these reasons, be regarded as the book revealed by Allah to Musa. Book 4 Page (11)Faith Str Zafar Alam . af anted to Hadrat Dawood. It contained the | * Zabur (Psalms): This book WaS BBN avid We gave the Psalms.” 14, praises of Allah. Allah mentioned: 163] . ted to Hadrat I’sa for the guidance of 4 Injil (New Testament): This book was arta in their footsteps, We sent Jesus, § bout it; . Bani Israil. The Holy Quran sim Oe at had come before him, and We gave him son of Mary, confirming the Tora sn and eee Kn the Gospel, in which was guidance and eae had come before it, a guidance and an admon! 15: 46] responsibility of its prgtecton. Allah says: “Indeed it is We Who revealed the Reminder and indeed WE are its protectors.” [15: 9] ‘We just need to have belief in the old scriptures, but regarding Quran We need to believe in it, recite it regularly and properly, understand its message, implement its teachings in daily life and convey its message to mankind, ‘Book 4 Page (12) 3 Articles of Sir Zafar Alam naa at BELIEF IN AFTER LIFE It is one of the major Muslim beliefs. Muslims believe that this world is temporary and a day will come when this world will come to an end. This will be the Final Day, known as Qiyamah. The Holy Quran says: “The Calamity! What is the Calamity? What will make you know what the Calamity is? That day mankind will be like scattered moths. And mountains will be like carded-mool.” [101: 1-5] and also, “When the heaven is cleft asunder. And whep have fallen and the graves are turned left behind,” [82: 1- until one side of the dish him. The Holy Prophet said: resurrection will take plhok. The Holy Quran says: “But it will be @ only a single shout (second blow ofthe Trumpet), when behold, they find themselves on the surface of the earth alive after their death.” [79: 13-14] Surah Yaseen says: “And the Trumpet will be blown and behold from the graves they will come out quickly to their Lord. They will say: ‘Woe to us! Who has raised us up from our place of sleep?” [36-51-52] On the Day of Judgment only the deeds will be helpful and nothing else. The Holy Quran says: “O you wha believe! Spend of that which We have provided fro Booka Page (13)a ZMr Faith Str Zafar Alam 5 2. shen there will 20 bargaining, nor friendship, nop wi you, before a Day comes intercession.” [2: 254] . ‘ , ° ne will worry only about himself though they will recognize ‘That Day everyo each other, “That Day shall a man flee fom ie his father and from his wife and earn make him careless of others.” [80: 30-37] the deeds will be balanced and the wsig hose Balance (Of R ‘That Day . on the intentions. “Then as for hip will hgye Gqual good and bad deeds, so they will stay in A’raaf, a N3e-ind Hell, but Allah will send them to Paradise showind\His This is place that Alloh mankind, to reward and toybless i people who lived thea i The beauty, thy Wea) renp : at is Kept hidden for them of joys There is a saying of the Holy prophet fave prepared for my righteous servanls feard and what the heart of man has not conceived.” Jannat is thefetbse, something really inconceivable in our present state. In the verses of His Holy Bo6k Al-Quran, the Almighty God gives us some glimpses of that Celestial Abode. He has described “Jannat” in many places, in Quran. ; It is stated in the Holy Quran about the width of paradise that: “And be quick for forgiveness from your Lord, arid for paradise as wide as are the heavens and the earth prepared for Al-Muttagin (the pious)” [3: 133] This implies that Jnasmat Wil independent of time and place. There are rivers for the righteous as Allah says: “The description of paradise which the Muttagin have been promised is that in it are rivers of waters the tasie ‘Book 4 Page (!4) his brother and from his mother ang 3 that Day, will have enough to § Articles of rivers of milk of which the taste never change; rivers of wine delicious to those who drink; and rivers of clarified honey (clear and lire) -....0-[47:15] and also: “But for him who fears the standing before his lord, there will be two gardens i.e. in paradise [55:46] About the fruits of Jannat, Allah says: “In them (both) will be every kind of Sruit in pairs.” [55:52] And also: “..... and the fruits, of the two gardens will be near at hand. “{55:54] In another verse of Surah Rahman: “In theyn (both) will be fruits, and date-palms and pomegranates.” [55:68] Bananas ape\gfa in other verses of Holy Quran as The gardens of paradise“ “And glad tidings to those Sir Zafar Alam and smell of which are not changed; are also mentioned in many verses as; cups, and jugs and a glass from either any aching of their head, nor any The angels of paradise will y Kept their Lord will be led to par&dis will be opened and its beeR from the Jannat; nor wif they desire, In the Janna il:{and'there will be no vain talk or frivolity. It will be pce of a Sovereign Omnipotent. HELL (Jahannam) Just as the garden (Jannat) is the symbol of the bliss and delights of heaven with which the righteous servants of Allah will be rewarded, the fire (Nar) is the symbol of the hell with its disgrace, penalties and tortures, to which the sinners will be consigned. The bliss and delights of heaven having been described in glowing terms, the penalties, and tortures of hell have been portrayed in the most vivid and terrifying Book 4 Page (15)ge i the Truth, the polytheists, the hypocrites, the fire forever: “Allah has promised the Fire, to ablde therein; and Str Zafar Alam manner, The unbelievers, those who rejected both men and women, will be companions “lever, the hypocrites; men and women, and aa he shall have a disgrace oer go to Hell: (Allah) said (to Tis: Gato from aaa Pama vind expelled. Whosever of them (mankind) with follow this (paradise) : ne ‘you, = surely I will fll Hell with you all “17: 1a) es ve Apart from “Anenar” (which occurs in 120 ve times), there are many others namss of hell: jal, taza. fand\ Jahannam (used 25 Jahannam has seven g any hvail : fear 4 Day (of judgment) when a person shall notcavail intercession be accepted from hit tak will they be helped.” [2:48] bring X25: a from a far place, ashing Fire. And Humazah Alleh says: what will make you which leaps up over stretched forth.” [104 and blew; dragging through the Fire; garments of Fire are mentioned. Then thfreSjs the torment of boiling water being thrown over the sinners in Hell, and theftGeings given the boiling water to drink. Allah mentions e the Holy Quran: “And if they ask for help (relief, water, etc.) they will be grante water like boiling oil that will scald thetr faces.” [18:29] Another drink to be given !0 the dwellers of Hell is the corruption ftom the washing of wounds: “Nor any food except filth from the washing of wounds.” [69:36] The dwellers of Hell will be made to eat from the cursed tree of Zaqqum and 8 thorny plan: “Verily, the tree of Zaqqum, will be food of the sinners, like boiling it will boll in the belles, lke the boiling of scalding water.” [44:43-46] Hooks Page (16) Articles of Faith Sir Zafar Alam The faces of the people of Hell will be dark and black. Other penalties y are roasted through so that they may taste the penalty fully; chains; whips or hammers of iron; hot winds; sighing and groaning; but no help; no relief no exist; no death Allah has warned us of the consequences of disbelief, associating any one or anything with Allah (shirk), hypocrisy, transgression, sins, etc, by describing hell in the most graphic terms. The Muslims or the believers who commit sins will be thrown in the Hell, but they will be'sent to Heavens after they have served their i.e. when they have received enough punishment for thei fatever there is in the land and in the sea; not a leaf ere is not a grain in the darkness of the earth noy“anj Allah is All-Powerful. Whatever He plans he accomplishing it. The Holy Quran repegtedly menfion’ 7p Of the heavens and the earth, Ig able to do all things.” [57-3] agpinfg of the next year is given to angels in the night of power and they accuyatelp implement it. The Holy Quran says; “Angels and the Spirit descend in this hight with the permission of their Lord with alt Decrees.” [97:4] Though every thing is pre-decided by Allah but man is responsible of His actions. Otherwise there will be no justification of reward and punishment. There are lots of verses in the Quran which clearly prove that man is given the freedom of choice and he has to face the consequences of his deeds in the next world, It says; “Verily We showed him the way, whether he be grateful or ungrateful” [76: 3] Books Page (17)‘the Truth is from your Lord’ They similarly at another place it js said: “And says whosoever wills, let him belleve and whosoever wills, let hrm disbelieve.... ‘There are certain things in our fife in which we are not given the freedom of choice like our appearance, the family in ‘which we are born, etc. but these things are not made the criteria of success in the next world. The judgment will be done according to our actions in which we are free to choose. “There are two types of Taqdeer: © Tagdeer Mubram * Taqdeer Muallaq. Willa, ZAT ——— filam's Tutorials ISLAMIAT 2058/2 Topic PILLARS OF ISLAM4 seers PRAYERS IMPORTANCE importance in Islam. It is the foremost duty of the con which the structure of Jslam stands. The Holy ed times but the wordSalyt occurs 67 times, jt zakat and box down (with who bow down,» ular in prayers. It says, The prayers are of immense Muslim and one of the five pillars Quran mentions it around seven hundr says: “and establish prayer and pa .” [107:4-5] About | healthy. ¥ The actions involved Jn Prayer such as ruku and sajdah are good physical exercise. SPIRITUAL: A person becomes close to Allah as prayer is a kind of meeting with Allah. The Holy Prophet has said that while praying, you should think that Allah is in front of lah, when in the position of sajdah. He you. A person is really close to All establishes a relation with his Lord, ¥ Heis showered with rewards and hs sins are washed away. ‘Book 4 Page (20) "i Sir Zafar Alam ee “ Prayer is the best way to achieve spiritual satisfaction. The Holy Prophet said: “Prayer has been made the coolness of my eyes.” Y A person gets satisfaction and peace of mind out of praying, as he has fulfilled an obligation. The Holy Quran says, “Verily, in the remembrance of Allah do hearts find rest.” [13:28] ¥ By praying five times a day a person becomes aware of Allah’s presence and refrains from doing wrong, Y Prayer brings a great change in our life as it’ makes us Quran says: “Verily, the prayer prevents from sha person. The Holy fd evil deeds.” [29:45] COMMUNAL: bod ad the) cldser-t6 each other and interact with each p bokols Frigay'@nd I'd increase more links amongst Muslims. Because of cleanliness,¢aperson’s personality becomes better, and according to a hadith, even the angels are displeased by those things which are disliked by human beings. That’s why Islam discourages smoking or eating such food which produces smell in mouth and joining congregational prayers without removing the smell. We are not allowed to join congregational prayers in this state. The Holy Prophet used to do Miswak and has promised huge rewards on it. Allah's Apostle said, “If I had not found it hard for my followers or the people, I would have ordered them to clean their teeth with Siwak for every prayer."Hle loved perfumes and encouraged his Page (21)‘Slay G Ss : - arr Sir Zafar Alas ails on every Friday is his Sunnah, He ‘ing of ni i is ; pes et re se atenting the eee Ba oe on Friday, The 7 it fore his death. i ea nie even on his death bed a little bet Holy Prophet di MENTAL CLEANLINESS: It means to keep the mind Verily, the prayer prevents @ We should also purify our min etc, To keep the stomach pur; plhee> ani to the wrists thrice, first right then left. ¥ When a person is travelling and water is not available. “When water is available but there is no means like the rope or bucket to get it fom § the well. 7 When water is available but cannot be obtained because of enemies or some ob threat. ¥ When water is there but itis not suitable for ablution, ¥ When a person is sick or has an injury, vi, Pillars of Sir Zafar Alam ee Y The Holy Quran says, “but if you are ill, or on a journey, or one of you comes rom relieving himself, or you touched women, and you do not find water, then 80 10 the clean soil and rub your face and hands (therewith). Lo, Allah is Ever Oft-Pardoning, Oft-Forgiving.” (4:43) Y If I'd prayer or funeral prayer is in progress and time is too short for ablution, a person can do dry ablution. METHOD OF DRY ABLUTION: Y First do the intention of s not in wudu. ¥ Then rub your hands on 4 hands and then rub of clothes. “4nd your garments purify!” [74:4] Purity of place. Timing. “Verily, the prayer is Satar: that means covering the b knees and womeg “O Children of Ay and as an adornm Qibla and there is no| map to find it out then we have to guess the direction and offer salah. “And to Atfah belong the east and the west, so wherever you turn there is the face of Allah.” [2:115] According to some scholars intention is also one of the conditions of prayer whereas many count it in the method of prayer. ADHAN ‘Adhan was introduced in the first year of Hijra after the mosque was constructed. The Holy Prophet discussed the matter with his companions. Hadrat Booka Page (23)Gi ¥ Sir Zafar Alam a about the way of Adhan. The firs, 3 mar [Abdullah Ibn Zayd and Hadrat U ; prayer caller was Bilal. , ice, in the ea purity, standing . iver adhan bout the starting of th, fferable to deliver inform the people al e and E . ie ‘Adhan is delivered to infor timing, so it must be repeated, The it is delivered befor time of the deliverance of Adhan, He is fingers in his ear ars \he prayer, and muazzin should put his a ‘a when he $895, “Come to) Aiea come should tum to the right and Ie eof the adhan shod be etivered slowly. Those by-tep towards the prosperity.” The Wor prayer after the sun has Ist its shin Maghrib: — The Maghrib time starts after the sunset and it can be offered until the twilight is present. According to Imam Abu Hanifa when there is complete darkness on the horizon only then its time will get over but all jurists say that it should be offered 33 soon as possible after sunset. Isha: Right after the Maghrib, time of Isha prayer starts and it can be offered till the day: break. But it is makrooh (undesirable) to delay the Isha prayer till midnight. ook 4 Page 29 | ae Sir Zafar Alam an m Pillars of No prayer can be offered during sunrise, midday and sunset. No nafal parayer can be offered in the time of Fajr and after offering the Ast prayer till sunset. METHOD OF SALAT Intention (Niyat): gn. Without intention tention is an action of such as, “I intend to Before starting any prayer, itis necessary to make intg ‘no worship is accepted. It is not necessary to say the wer heart. Although it is allowed jo perform two rakats of fajr, a¥ ‘Allah-o-Akbar’ raising our hands to the ears, and ands to the shoulders only. It is called sahrimg -beea a is Fakbir all activities like talking, walking, eating etc, ar paln|s showid Tace-€f6la while we raise hands, Qiyam: the position of Qiyay recited. Ruku;_ y fine with the head. The arms should be kept away from the body and|in\this péSition “Glory to my Lord, the Great”, is said three Qaumah: Standing straight leaving the hands to tangle by the sides for a short while after ruku is called Qauma, Here we say Tasmee’ and Tahmeed. Make sure that the body has become stationary then perform sajda. While going to perform sajdah, the knees then both hands then the nose and Book 4 Page (25)p oe ae = ~ St Zafar spe rou. The fe should be aaa both palms lastly the forehead are ee tine with the two ears. The fingers of the handy Id be i and the two thumbs shoul pether, the finger tips should face es elbows should be kept close ton the ribs and the ‘stomach away from gs. Women wit, should be kept away ve doing sajdah, “Glory to my Lord, the Mc Je doing sajdah, lost together. Whil keep their body parts High’ is to be recited thrice. Jalsa; | Jalsa is to sit strai right foot erect, with the toes 9 kept on the thighs close to the Qai'dah: ght by folding the left foot af @ on it and keeping the Ge ight foot facing this prayer the sala is to be ended with salam. For thj Fight looking over the right shoulder, “peace be ype fh” is to be said. Then turning the face to the left shoulder the same words are to be repéyted. This pra h ing travelling. Sunnats and thafals)become unnece: faw, the traveller is one who is more than 15 days, Allah says in the ‘Quran, And when you travel through the earth there § is no blame on you if You shorten your prayer” \(4:101). According to Imam oo Hanifa, itis preferable to shorten the prayer, becaiise the Holy Prophet has said, (i the gift of Allah, so accept His gift.”\but if someone says the complete prayer, that § also correct. The fard of Fajr and Maghtib remain the same, because there is no balfof ¢ 208 3 rakaats, Page (26) Sir Zafar Alam Pillars of ar DELAYED PRAYERS|QAD ) A Muslim should offer his prayers in the prescribed timi ' failed to do so, he is given the breseribed timings, but if someone has Opportty to say his prayers after the prescribed time. lelayed prayers except fard rakats and witr and there is ‘no gada for sunnat or nafal. It is necessary to mention in the intention, that itis 2 qada prayer. If someone has missed more than one prayer, he wil offer them in order. As the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) missed his A in the Battle of Trench so he off gatdry on every Muslim except women, children, travellers, sick people and slaves. If can be offered only in congregation and there is no Qada for it. prayer. This prayer is ob It is offered at the time of Zultr. Two ddhans) are delivered, for this prayer. Allah says in the Holy Quran, “O ye who believe! When the call is proclaimed to Pray on Friday(the day of assembly) hasten earnestly to the remembrance of Allah, and leave off business that is best for you if ye but knew! And when the prayer is finished, then may go disperse through the land and seek the Bounty of Allah and Books Page (27)‘Slam Gi Se ‘Sir Zafar pften (and without stint) that ye may prosper.” (62:9, ‘Allah 0) celebrate the Praises af: 10). and start the preparation of prayer. It includey activities and st So Muslims stop their aby said “Anyone of you attending the Friday taking bath. Al's Apostle (D8) oN eat clothes, eut nals and wey ' hay whi, (prayers) should take a bathe feature of the Friday prayer, is khutba’ which ig ‘important perfumes, The most « jsts of two parts. In th¢ filet part, Imam praises ’ delivered before the prayer, and it oes Masti in thetigh fhe Holy Quran. In the ‘Allah and his prophet and then adv second he discusses the som ‘Ahutba, talking, walking an as fter khutba, kmai Holy Quran loudly and Mu before the khutha, x Takaats after Thana before Ruku and other three Mugtadis listen to his recitation, After prayer Imam delivers Khutba. He stands facing the people and delivers Ahutba in two parts. He sits for a while between the two parts. Listening 10 tis Khutba is Wajib. it must be delivered in the Arabic language. In the Khutba of ’d-th Fitr Imam diverts the attention of public t towards Sadaqat-ul-Fitr and the ess” iH Ramadan, In the Kiwtba of I’d-ul-Adha Imam discusses the lesson and method sacrifice. Booka ey? Pane (28) prays for them. During | dat before Ruku. Imam recites the Holy Quran loudly aé ; a Sir Zafar Alam afr Pitan of Part of Muslim community. The Holy Prophet gave que after his migration to Madina. Mosque is the house of Allah. The Holy Quran says, “And the masques are for Allah, so invoke not anyone slong with Allah.” [72:18]According to a Hadith the most favourite parts of earth in the sight of God are mosques, ‘The main objective of mosque is to worship Allah th houses (mosques), Allah has ibered in them His ey stand shoulder to shoulder in the mosque. fErpose building which is utilized for many good activities for Muslims as an educational instipute. university and his students we p-4ff the state of cleanliness and purity. Mosques Should be kept clean. Ur|netgssary beautification of mosque is not recommended but. the more important thitff“is to go the mosque regularly, leam the religion and get attached with Allah. Women can go to the mosque if there are arrangements for them but there prayer at home is more reward able, We should not talk loudly or about the worldly things. Books Page (29)ZAKAT IMPORTANCE jam. It is mentioned in the Holy Quran in, th Salat in six places. It shows that itis equally wards Allah and-Zgkat\is our duty towards “and establisiCprayer | Gand pay zakat and bow Zakat is one of the five pillars of Isle is mentioned wit jrty two places. It aan ‘Other pillars are our duty | fellow Muslims. The Holy Quran s8yS+ down with who bow down.” [- the money spent in his way. Cy with it wilbb \yphet opbe asked a lady about Zakat of her two bangles of gold. dative. So he said, “Then the bangles are of Fire.” Alla ‘nade wealthy by Allah and does not pay the ZoKat Of Itswwealtt, then| os i polsonous male snake with two black spots over the 2pes. alth, I dren your tre Zakat. * b. INDIVIDUAL: a Y Zakat literally means) pubjsication, It purifies the heart of contributor from the love 4 of wealth and purifie&the heart of taker from jealousy and hatred, Y It purifies the remaining wealth of a person and it comes in the security of Allah. By giving Zakat a person gets closer to Allah as he shows that his wealth is give? to him by Allah and he is ready to append it according to his commands. By helping poor people a person gets spiritual satisfaction and happiness. . By giving Zakat the wealth does not decrease but it increases as Allah retums it multiplied. The Holy Quran says, “The parable of those who spend thelt < ne Str Zafar Alam, substance in the way of Allah each ear has a hundred grains, ¥ By giving Zakat we eam huge ¥ Zakat brings rich and poor close to each other. Rich sho and poor gives respect to the rich. So brother! community. ¥ Zakat stops concentration 6 ott or 87.48 grams of gold or 52.5 Tola or 612.32 grog . We give 2.5% merchandise. . 10% has to be g |. There are certain ya iii, ivy 's that of a grain of corn, ” [2:261] Tewards and get rid of the Hell fire. Pillars of Islam it grows seven earsand COMMUNAL: f§ obligatory on every Muslim, adult, sane, who extn the Zakat of cattle: On five camels one goat, on ten camels two goats and so on, but on twenty five camels one she camel. On thirty cows and buffalos, one calf of one year and on forty cows one calf of two years. On forty goats we give one goat. On hundred and twenty one goats we give two goats. On two hundred goats three goats and then on every hundred one goat will increase. Books << § BOORS Page (31)6 Le RECIPIENTS The ‘There are eight recipients of ane poor and the needy and those who 5 one whose hearts have been (recently) rece debt, in the cause of Allah, an 1. Fageer: The one who is un! 2. Miskeen: They are poorer than (to truth), for those in bondage and in idfor the wayfarer.” [9°60] able to support themsel fageer. They can not ful Holy Quran says, “Alms are for the to administer the (funds); for those ves and their families. 3. Collector of Zakat: They a collections of Zakat. They wit Hadrat Abu Bakr, Hadrat / ‘uring travelling if a person became'needy or he faced uffry, we should help him with Zakat, even if he had r6ney% IMPORTANCE OF FASTING Fasting is one of the five pillars of Islam. It was made obligatory in 2 AH. The Holy Quran says, “Fasting has been Prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you so that you may learn self-restraint,? ([2:183] It also says, “So everyone of you who is i should spend it in fasting.” [2:185] is present during that month sho! Book 4 —— 132) Sir Zafar Alam a the fire and from committing sins,” tmeasting is a shield and protection from against the evil forces of lower self and Sain, ra fsting helps 4 person to fight “Fasting is for Me and I shall compensate in” He Be cand in a Hadith-e-Qudst, Hands is my soul is, the unpleasant a 0 said, “By Him in whose person is better in the sight of Allah than the eer el “There is a gate in Paradise ca * enter through it on the Da through it.” Pillars of Istam of undesirable material, and the bod; - gnu &ther toxde Matters, ly gets rid of fat, hes us-Sélf control and patience, The person who observes ‘Passionate desires and place himself above physicg It brings us closer tq obedience of His co! Fasting carries huge Holy Quran. It raises our spiritual level as we eat, drink and sleep very less, avoid sins and do maximum worship. ® COMMUNAL: Y Fasting makes the rich people realize the pain of hunger. It develops mercy in their hearts for the poor. Y The Muslims assemble in large numbers in the mosque which increases brotherhood. Booka Page 33)G eS Str Zafar Alam ‘mmunity. Muslims are moved towards co ; i Lim Y There ig a visible change in the Mus oodness and avoid sins. . v The rich people spend generously es | bat form of Zakat and charity. It ena their needs for at least a part of year. to seek the blessing of Allah in the to receive enough funds to meet METHOD: Fasting is obligatory of s healthy enough to hs wake up before dawn twenty rakaats of Fe Quran in this prayer. is 1.63 kg of wheat. It has of Zakat. If a person isiynble to fast due to his old age or due to some permanent disease, he will give Fidya. The amount is 1.63 kg of wheat per fast. The Holy Quran says, “For those can not do it is a ransom the feeding of one indigent.” [2:184] lf 8 person breaks his fast intentionally without any valid reason he will give Kaffarah. He has to keep sixty days fast continuously, If he can not do this then he will feed sixty needy people twice. Muslims stop the activities of Ramadan when they see the moon of Shawwal. Book 4 Ty Sir Zafar Alam ht Pitan of Islam CIRCUMSTANCES ‘A Muslim can delay fast in following cases: TO DELAY FAST ¢ Ifbe is busy in physical jihad, * Ifhe is sick and unable to fast, © Ifhe isa traveller. The Holy Quran sa number of days, but if any of you is i (should be made up) from other days Women can delay fast during doctor. They also delay fas ‘Observing Saum (fasts)] for a fixed or on a journey, the same number ” [2184] satory oly once in the lifetime. It is obligatory on every M ip have sufficient money to pay for their return journe rife Holy Quran says, “Pilgrimage there to is a dut who can afford the journey.” [3:97] Allah ordered Hadea commit sin, nor disp Sure) Allah knows it. understanding!”[2:197] The Holy Proph , Prevented from performing the Pilgrimage by an obvious necessity, a tyrannical ruler, or a disease which confines him at home, and dies without having performed the pilgrimage, may die if he whishes a Jew or @ Christian.” He also said, “One who performs Hajj for the sake of Allah and therein abstains from obscene acts and words, wickedness and sins, he returns so purified from sins as he was at the time when his mother gave him birth.” About rewards the Holy Prophet ssid:"From one ‘Umrah t0 another is an expiation for the sins that came in between them, and Hajj Mabrur (an accepted Hajj) brings no less a reward than Paradi Books Page (35) Aid stress on its importance. He said, “He, who is notwee Sir ENEFITS B v , : i as we have to walk @ lot during the process It is good for our physical health is s unk i i we usually forty q, u i i Jigious duties as we spent yur religi It makes us punctual in OF practicing all religious duties. 1 ehavet ” Y It also makes us patient and abusive language. Y A person leams a lot about every comer of the world. s with the Muslims of 4 Going around the Holy Ka’ba we express that is the e€@ter.Of(oi belis eward lla SOA ee 2 gag ape Be8 A aes gas — ge 2 4 2 8 3. e et = & 8 "Verily, my Salat (p the Lord of theGod COMMUNAL: v Haij is a sign of Muslims unity as it the largest gathering of mankind in one place. Muslims assemble around Ka’ba forgetting all of their divisions and sects. ¥ It teaches them brotherhood as they respect and help other pilgrims though they 40 not know them. ¥ They get an opportunity to discuss the problems of Islamic world and find out the solutions. ¥ They share their experiences and give good advice to others, Book 4 Dagar (36) sir Zafar Alam KINDS OF HAJJ There are three different ways of Haj. 1. Ifrad: If a person performs Hajj wis r ajj without ‘ing 2. Qiran: Ifa person performs Umrah and a ite 3, Tamattu: Ifa person pi Umrah fare performs Hajj in a diffe - Ss-of pilgrimage. It obligatory for men to wear BNO unsown sheets preferably white. They can not ot Wear the closed shoes. Women can not touch any piece constantly. There are some restrictions for both of the: Thram creates equality poor, wears two simple-shiek the state of Ihram of Allah. fi INTENTION: After putting on {ha Thram. After prayer we day\‘O Alféh! I intend to perform Hajj or Umrah so make it easy for me and accept it-from me.” After that we recite Talbiyah and then all restrictions of Ihram come into effect. We must be in the state of Ihram before entering Meeqat otherwise we have to pay the penalty. TAWAF: It literally means to go around something. In the chapter of Hajj it refers to go around the Holy Ka’ba in a specific manner. The holy Quran says, “Then let them complete the rites prescribed for them perform thelr vows and circumambulate the Booka Page (37)‘stam Sir Zafar Alam pilgrimage. This Tawaf is art of gator ae og Kab Ancient House.”[2: do fd reachi r-Qudoom, “ Hl cane ee ‘~ the intention. We ae it from : ake it easy for me an¢ & the around Ka’ba so m ior natwe art going aroun te kiss the black stone. they walk bris Ramat i three rounds men do Ramat ie B2Y WO. A ay the firs Tdtiba’ i.e. Keeping right ne TN do Istilam. Intend to perform seven rounds me.” Then we do Islilam ie, Holy Ka’ba anticlockwise. In ly in the three rounds of the covered during the 3 em Shyi. I "fers ty runing bétween the two hills, Safa and Marwa. Itis irda shys, “BzRSTd! Safa and Marwa are among the Symbols of ‘Then on the 8°| midday. They spend ti prayers and recite ma WUQUF AT ARA) After offering the-Paff prayer on 9°, pilgrims leave for the plain of Arafat. Stay in Arafat is the most important part of Hajj. If a person fails to be there, his Hajj will be void and he will offer the Hajj again. The Holy Prophet said, “Hajj is halting at Arafat.” The time of this stay is from midday of 9" till the daybreak of 10" Dhul Haj. Pilgrims reach there before midday and offer Zu; 5 rand A. together in the time of Zuhr. Imam delivers Keutba of Haj in the wn mosque of Namrah. Allah reveals str Zafar Alam SAT Pillars of Islam angels, saying, Look at my servants Who have cor me i crying from every deep valley, I call you to witness that Thane forghentrene. on We should spend this time in tecitin ig Talbiya, Istig the plain of Arafat aRer sunset without offering be Metheneeee ee Ms WUQUF AT MUZDALIFAR: After leaving the plain of Arafat, pilgrims move tow Mucdalifah is Wajib. The Holy Quran says, “Then wh, celebrate the praises of Allah at apdS\ Mucdalifah, Stay in por down from Arafat (98) Here we spend the Rrayers together in the dir of 10" Dhul Hajj. terms it refers to throwing pebbles to the remembrance of Hadrat Ibrahim, who Wajib ritual of Hajj but on 13° it is Allah ‘during the appointed Days 4 SACRIFICE: After Rami pil sacrifice of his son. It it done to pay thanks to Allet k the same journey. It must He done )n the Boundaries of Haram. If a person is unable to Sacrifice, he can keep ‘or ten days, three before Hajj and seven after the Hajj. The Holy Quran says, “Lhe if you are in safety and whosoever performs the Umrah in the months of Hajj, before the Hajj, he must slaughter a Hady such as he can Offord, but if he cannot afford it, he should observe fasts three days during the Hai and seven days after his return, making ten days in all.” [2:196] “thei Our intentions must be pure in sacrifice and in all forms of worship:“Their ‘meat will not reach Allah , not will their blood, but what reaches Him is piety from his countless blessings on this day inthis plain, The Holy Prophet said, “When the J YO” [22:37] aay Of Arafeh comes Allah descends to the lowest heavens, and praise ther 10 the Page (39) Books <8) § Booka— ——s Zafar Alam I a a a : © Hajj is performed in “ = the year except for hear tet tes and Ura can be ing of Hair for men, ny Pt for the days of hai done any time in CUTTING OF HAIR: are two ways of cutting of Hair form © In hajj there is stay in po etal After sacrifice we cut te br TO gla. They can also eet tele ar Umra, Seumests Of Arafat end Mazdas tno in ir hair which is known 95 17!" following verse: “Certainly, ‘They can shave their hair wl ow tioned i w2Aalifa ar short which is known as Qasr. Both ae you shall enter A-Masjid-al- Hoar mn heads shaved, and (some having yo! lak having your j wils, secure, (some) having ya fa riaaeal ‘short, having no fear.” [48:27] ea id Halag and for thos@ who di ed three types Pehaie ual iid Halag and pray cut Onfopls a lock of their hair, ree ra for those who did Qasr. Women sv © fourth time he § restriction of Ihram. Shaving off ithout caring for one’s e case of omission 2 of th By cutting hair a person comes out one’s hair demonstrates one’s 6 physical appearance. Shaving! jj is i ete. It can nourthis Tawaf, Hajj is incomplete. | ajj tll the sunset of 12" Dhul Haj. The ie? It is done in the normal dressing, We have to do Without performing Fard Umra can not be done and in case of leaving a wajib we have to pay a penalty. The details of all rituals are mentioned above in the method of Hajj. Both are reward able and highly appreciated by Allah. The Holy Quran says: “And perform properly the Hajj and 'Umra for Allah.”[2:196] Differences between Hajj and Umra are as follow: © Hajj is obligatory on those who can afford it but Umra is Sunnah. Book 4 Baran) In haij sacrifice is wajib but no sacri In hajj we do rami but itis not done HAJJ AND H. Bp Hajj , with all of its rit settled his son Ismail in MakkA deserted place. When Ismail the search of water. In fice in Umra, in Umra, fnanded Ibrahim in dream to slaughter , when he (his son) was old enough to walk with ave seen in a dream that Iam slaughtering you (offer ifiee to\Allah), so look what you think!" He said: "O my father! Do whidh you are Commanded, Insha' Allah (if Allah will), you shall 'e patient ones, etc.)."[37:102] \n the remembran perform sacrifice in hajj. the foundations of the (this service) from us. Hadrat Ibrahim sthetfon stone during the building of Ka’ba. It ae a decreased its height according to the need of Ibrahim. The Holy Quan ss In (Ka’ba) are manifest signs (for example), the Magam (lace) ra i exo Abraham); whosoever enters it he attains securiy.” [3:97] Maslins oer 69 ven Takaats near the station of Ibrahim after Tawaf. The Holy Quran ns indie (People) the Maqam (place) of Ibrahim (Abraham) as a place of prayer. i to follow Allah made Ibrahim (AS) a model forthe all believers and ordered to fo his path. The Holy Quran says: Page (41) Book qn Br Glam Sir Zafar Alam i iin) im tried him with (certa ae ‘hen the Lord of Torah ® 4 Se anh he puped. He (Allah) said (to him), "Verily, Lam going X ophet) of mankind.” (2:124] but he was a true to make you a leader (Pri Christian, rep 4s. Verily, among mankind ‘he was not of polytheis a ‘Torahim are those who follow [3:67- © “Ibrahim was neither a Muslim monotheist and who have the best claim to 68) © Itis also said:“Verily, Ibrahin (Abraki \) obellis His (Allah's) Graces. guided him to a Straight Path, Ant the Hereafter 11 Sdof thy righfeo: five inspired you (O sfahim...” (16:120-123] cand struggle. In religious terms Jihad refers to strug Sijad ihre prable 4 abo ebtablish righteousness and to eradicate evil. It is an hon tmmah of the Holy Prophet. The Holy Quran says: /“You community. He said: “Whosoeve hand, if he can not so wit era ee pais Tt orders as to commit the sins and evil things. iever to fight against this lower self. He " i Pern . . He must reject the evil inclinations and worldly temptations and it resist him from preparin for life efter atthe main pupa of this life. This fight within a person ree rieeate spiritual Jihad. The Holy prophet once said while returning from a battl ve are le: retuning from a smaller Jihad toa bigger jihad.” His companions inquired about the inquired about meaning of his words so he explained desires is bigger Jihad, ‘Plained that thee fight they will be doing against their shield.” Once a person learns too fife ofa true Muslim. The Holy Qua sn and lost is he who succumbed (0 nafs) na Fy There is also a good force in us It makes us feel guilty when we do ae mall Due to its importance the Holy-Citen sayer enn 4 enemy.” He pours his evil ideas secretly it into je retreats for a while but he comes back esin tte buld seek Allah’s refuge to get rid of his whispering ¢ fevers, but strive against them Allah in this regard: b f it (the Quran). [25:52] The Holy (by preaching) with 1 116:125} ___All Muslims whd"ife busy to spread the word of Allah through their speeches Gihad bil Lisan) or by writing books and articles (Jihad bil Qalam) are busy in mental Jihad. This is the most effective Jihad in the contemporary world. Islam is fastest growing religion in many parts of the world just because of mental Jihad, The People read about the miracle of the Holy Quran and teachings about the rights of humanity and they get inspired by the religion of Islam. ‘The main thing is to Communicate the right picture of Islam to them and remove the misconceptions created by the orientalists about Islam. This is possible only through mental Jihad. Page (43) ‘Book 4 Book 4Str Pe Be — Sir eg eam ae i d word of ation and media to sprea ; atest fos of or alogues to prove the ality oftheir eae ole in changing the mind of the people “The ink of a scholar’s pen is Muslims should use the I Islam. They can also arrange the inter rel religion. Sometimes pen plays more important role than swords. That was why the Holy Prophet said: purer than the blood of a martyr.” Muslims should always support the truth with their opinions. The ae oe said: “The greatest Jihad is to say the truth in front of th ‘ical ruler. this because the consequences of such an action of valed gele\a th peacelss $fopagation of Islam. In Afihad is probably the most oly translated as “Holy War”. and techniques have failed. Practically this is the most di (threat t6 INe. The Holy Prophet conducted the non believers who crossed all Ji not transgressors.” [ armed struggle as self-dbfd As the land belo H true believers invited th¢ pedple towards Islam peacefully in a knowledgeable way. If they accept it so that is the objective. If they refuse they will not be forced to accept Islam as Quran says; “Let there be no compulsion in religion.” [2:256] Then they will be offered to pay Jizya and in return they will be given religious freedom and protection of life and property. If they will reject this offer then Muslims will declare Jihad. This was the way the companions conducted ital. In contemporary world it can not be practiced in this way but now itis done for the defense of Musti Fe it is id in Quran: “Permission to fight has been granted to those against hom wear ‘as Books ———— Pitas been waged, Because they have p, cm help them.” [22:39] Weed unc, and Ala Certainly able to The teachings of Abu Bakr F é clarity th companions the following ethics: we ethics of armed g struggle. He taught his ¥ Donot commit treachery or devi Y Do not mutilate the dead bodice "MSM Pah, ¥ Donot kill women, children or ¥ Do not harm fruit-bearing tne ¥ Do not steal the food of eneft Jihad is considered the most highly reward able action in Islam. The Holy Quran says: “Allah has indeed bought from believers their lives and their properties in exchange of Paradise. They fight in the way of Allah so they Kill and they get Killed.” [9:111] According to Quran it is the best bargain with Allah: “O you who believe! Shall I guide you to a commerce that will save you from a painful torment. That you believe in Allah and His Messenger, and that you strive hard and fight in the Cause Booke Page (5)Pillars of Islam Sir Zafar Alam of Allah with your wealth and your lives, that will be better for you, if you but know!” [61:10-11] are Allah’s favourites: “Verily, Allah Those who fight for the word of Allah ks) as if they were a solid structure,” loves those who fight in His Cause in rows (ram [61:4] Once the Holy Prophet was asked: who is the mosf€Xcellent of man? He replied: “The one who fights in ie way of Allah withHis perso and his property.” According to another Hadith he a “A day pra a-xigi in the way of. aa is better ght to intercede. According e a Hadith a martyr will ot of Book 4 : Page (46)