‘Normal Distribution ‘A random variable X with probability density function 1 2 Hh)= Fee emirce 48) isanormal random variable wih parameters where -= << and 6>0. Also Fx)=n ad V(X)=0° ro) andthe notation N(4,6") is used to denote the distribution, {9 otal a fla oak aes wes . re 0 8 r FIGURE 4-10 Normal probability density functions for 7 selected values of the parameters w and”. FIGURE 4-11 Probability that X > 13 for a normal ‘random variable with w = 10 ando? = 4.f@) } p-30 p-20 p-o pp pto pte pts0 x | bes | | _! FIGURE 4-12 Probabilities associated with a normal di The following equations and Fig. 4-12 summarize some useful results concerning a normal distribution. For any normal random variable, P(w-o13). Let Z=(X ~10)/2. The relationship between the several values of X and the transformed values of Z are shown in Fig. 415. We note that X > 13 corresponds toZ > 1.5. Therefore, from Appendix Table II, P(X>13)=P(Z>1.5)=1-P(Z-<15)=1-0.93319 = 0.06681 Rather than using Fig. 4-15, the probability can be found from the inequality X > 13. That is, reronjan{ 10) _ (13-10) z P(Z<1.5)=0,06681 Practical Interpretation: Probabilities for any normal random variable can be computed with a simple transform to a standard normal random variable,