Advanced IoT With Cloud Architecture And

Computer Vision Add-On

Under the guidance of: Made by:

Dr. Sudarsan Chakraborty Sourav Ghosh
Associate Professor of E.C.E Department 161001002026
Techno India University ECE,BEC4
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of the task

would be incomplete without the mention of the people whose

cooperation made it possible, whose constant guidance and

encouragement crown all efforts with success. I am very thankful to

my training guide (Mr. Subhajit Bhowmick & Mr. Rudranil Das) and all the

concerning officers and staffs of ORIENS INFOTECH PVT.LTD.KOLKATA Centre

(West Bengal) for their valuable guidance and advice without which I could

not have completed my summer training.

I also express my sincere gratitude to Mr. Aaquib Hussain with whose kind

assistance this project could shape into success.

Sourav Ghosh

Student ID - 161001002026

B.Tech- ECE (7th sem)

Techno India University

Kolkata ,West Bengal

Last but not the least we would like to thank to my Team Members who have provided
ideas, been cooperative and made the team work so well.
 INDEX

CHAPTER TOPIC
1 Embedded System
2 Internet
3 Internet Layer IoT Network
Technologies
4 IoT Platform
5 Introduction of Raspberry Pi
6 Introduction of Cloud
7 AWS
8 Project
Embedded Devices
The definition of a “Thing” in the Internet of Things varies a lot. We define a Thing as an embedded
computing device (or embedded system) that transmits and receives information over a network.

What is an Embedded System?

Embedded systems are based on microcontrollers (MCUs), and run

software with a small memory footprint. Some Linux and Android-
based systems can also be described as embedded systems. But
usually, these general-purpose operating systems require an
application processor, and have additional capabilities such as dynamic
application loading. This is why MCU-based embedded systems are
often described as deeply embedded systems, versus the more general
definition of embedded systems. These deeply embedded systems are
the Things in the Internet of Things.

The Internet
Communication is central to the Internet of Things. Networking technologies enable IoT devices to
communicate with other devices as well as with applications and services that are running in the cloud. The
internet relies on standardized protocols to ensure that communication between heterogeneous devices
can occur securely and reliably. Standard protocols specify the rules and formats that devices use for
establishing and managing networks, as well as for transmission of data across those networks.

We often describe networks as being built up from a stack of technologies, with technologies at the
bottom of the stack, such as Bluetooth LE, relating to physically connecting devices, while technologies
further up the stack, such as IPv6, relating to logical device addressing and routing of network traffic.
Technologies at the top of the stack are used by the applications that are running on top of those layers,
for example, message queuing technologies.

Networking standards and technologies

The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is an ISO-standard abstract model that describes a stack of
seven protocol layers. From the top down, these layers are: application, presentation, session, transport,
network, data link and physical. TCP/IP, or the Internet Protocol suite, underpins the internet, and it
provides a simplified concrete implementation of these layers in the OSI model.
Figure 1. OSI and TCP/IP networking models

The TCP/IP model includes only four layers, merging some of the OSI model layers (see Figure 1):

Figure 2.IoT network protocols mapped to the TCP/IP model

Internet layer IoT network technologies

Internet layer technologies (OSI Layer 3) are concerned with identifying and routing packets of data.
Technologies that are commonly adopted for IoT that are related to this layer include IPv6, 6LoWPAN,
and RPL.
  IPv6

At the Internet Layer, devices are identified by IP addresses. IPv6 is typically used for IoT applications over
legacy IPv4 addressing. IPv4 is limited to 32-bit addresses, which only provide around 4.3 billion addresses
in total, which is less than the current number of IoT devices that are connected, while IPv6 uses 128 bits,
and so provides 2128 addresses (around 3.4 × 1038 or 340 billion) addresses. In practice, not all IoT devices
need public addresses. Of the tens of billions of devices that are expected to connect to the IoT over the
next few years, many will be deployed in private networks that will use private address ranges and only
communicate out to other devices or services on external networks by using gateways.

 6LoWPAN

The IPv6 Low Power Wireless Personal Area Network (6LoWPAN) standard allows IPv6 to be used
over 802.15.4 wireless networks. 6LoWPAN is often used for wireless sensor networks, and the
Thread protocol for home automation devices also runs over 6LoWPAN.

IOT Platform
What is an IoT Platform?

Whether you’re new to IoT or a seasoned veteran, you’ve probably heard the term “IoT Platform” before.
After all, there were over 300 IoT platforms as of last year and this number continues to quickly grow (I’ve
heard there are now over 700). The IoT platform market is growing at a compound annual growth rate
(CAGR) of 33% and is expected to reach a $1.6 billion market size in 2021.

IoT platforms are a critical component of the IoT ecosystem, but I’ve found that for many people, it’s
not clear what an IoT platform is exactly or the differences between them.

In this post I’ll provide a simple, non- technical explanation of IoT platforms. What they are, when
businesses should use them, and the important considerations when choosing between the multitude of
options.

So, what is an IoT Platform exactly?

To understand what an IoT platform is, first you need to understand a little about the components of a
complete IoT system. My previous post, How Does an IoT System Actually Work? It is a great way to learn,
but I’ll quickly summarize here.

 A complete IoT system needs hardware, such as sensors or devices. These sensors and devices
collect data from the environment (e.g. a moisture sensor) or perform actions in the environment
(e.g. watering crops).

 A complete IoT system needs connectivity. The hardware needs a way to transmit all that data to
the cloud (e.g. sending moisture data) or needs a way to receive commands from the cloud (e.g.
water the crops now). For some IoT systems, there can be an intermediate step between hardware
and connecting to the cloud, such as a gateway or router.
  A complete IoT system needs software. This software is hosted in the cloud (what’s the cloud?)and
is responsible for analyzing the data it’s collecting from the sensors and making decisions (e.g.
knowing from moisture data that it just rained and then telling the irrigation system not to turn on
today).

 Finally, a complete IoT system needs a user interface. To make all of this useful, there needs to be
a way for users to interact with the IoT system (e.g. a web app with a dashboard that shows
moisture trends and allows users to manually turn irrigation systems on or off).

IoT platforms help:

• Connect hardware
• Handle different communication protocols
• Provide security and authentication for devices and users
• Collect, visualize, and analyze data
• Integrate with other web services

Introduction to Raspberry pi

What is Raspberry pi?

• Raspberry Pi is a credit card sized bargain micro Linux machine.

• The goal behind creating Raspberry Pi was to create a low-cost device that would improve
programming skills and hardware understanding for students.

• The latest model of Raspberry Pi comes sporting 1 GB of RAM, 1200 MHz quad – core ARM Cortex-
A53 processor, and basic levels of functionality that enables hobbyists, computer enthusiasts, and
students to use this device for DIY projects.

• Raspberry Pi is open hardware with the exception of its primary chip, the Broad communication
which runs the main components of the board – CPU, graphics, memory, USB controller etc.
Raspberry Pi 3 Model B

(Latest release of Raspberry Pi)

Pin Configuration of Raspberry Pi +:

Introduction of Cloud
What is cloud computing?

Simply put, cloud computing is the delivery of computing services—servers, storage, databases,
networking, software, analytics and more—over the Internet (“the cloud”). Companies offering these
computing services are called cloud providers and typically charge for cloud computing services based on
usage, similar to how you are billed for water or electricity at home.

Uses of cloud computing

You are probably using cloud computing right now, even if you don’t realize it. If you
use an online service to send email, edit documents, watch movies or TV, listen to
music, play games or store pictures and other files, it is likely that cloud computing is
making it all possible behind the scenes. The first cloud computing services are barely
a decade old, but already a variety of organizations—from tiny startups to global
corporations, government agencies to non-profits—are embracing the technology for
all sorts of reasons. Here are a few of the things you can do with the cloud:

Create new apps and services

Store, back up and recover data

Host websites and blogs

Stream audio and video

 Introduction to AWS
Aws is a cloud service from Amazon, which provides services in the form of building blocks,
these building blocks can be used to create and deploy any type of application in the cloud.
These services or building blocks are designed to work with each other, and result in
applications which are sophisticated and highly scalable

Project

Project Name : Smart Luggage

Introduction:
Loss of luggage can happen with anyone irrespective of the circumstances and conditions.
Luggage and bags with important documents or precious things and can be lost or theft with
which people can lose their important material. Generally it is seen that people get robbed in
public areas like railway stations, bus stands and other public and private areas. Also people
can even forget their luggage and bags which can have important and necessary things. So it is
very necessary to track down the bags in case of loss and theft. A lot of other tracking systems
and devices are already present like car tracking systems and shoe tracking systems.

The NodeMcu is a microcontroller board which is based on ATmega328P and it has 6 analog
inputs, 14 digital input/output pins out of whom 6 can be used as PWM outputs, a USB
connection, 16 MHz quartz signal, an ICSP header, power jack and reset button. It has
everything which is required to support a microcontroller and we can connect it with a USB
cable or connect it with AC to DC adapter.

Technology Used:
We used the following Hardware for the creation of working prototype
HARDWARE :

 BREAD BOARD

 NODE MCU

 KEYPAD

 LOCK

 BLE MODULE

 DC SUPPLY

 ALARM

 LED

Advantages:
• The alarm would help the owner to identify from where the sound
is coming and it would become easy for the owner to track down
the bag as the range which has been set is less.
• The map and the markers would help the owner to track down
the exact location of the bag.
• The flags in the map would help the owner to check how far the
bag is from the owner.

CONCLUSION
This article shows the implementation of tracking the bags which are either lost or stolen using
IoT. Certain procedures and techniques have been made and proposed in order to achieve the
same. Experimentation has been done and maps have been created in order to track the
location of the bags which are misplaced and lost. Experiment results further concludes that the
bags can be easily tracked based upon the hardware installed in them and then by tracking that
hardware and tracking the route, directions and location of the bag with the help of a map.