SQL

Q2. What is SQL?
Sequel (SQL) is short for Structured Query Language and it’s seen as the standard for managing data kept in
relational database management systems. For example, SQL statements are used to carry out tasks including
updating the data and also retrieving specific data from a database.

SQL is a standard language for accessing and manipulating databases.

What Can SQL do?
execute queries against a database
retrieve data from a database
insert records in a database
update records in a database
delete records from a database
create new databases
create new tables in a database
create stored procedures in a database
create views in a database
set permissions on tables, procedures, and views

RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System.

RDBMS is the basis for SQL, and for all modern database systems such as MS SQL Server, IBM DB2, Oracle,
MySQL, and Microsoft Access.
The data in RDBMS is stored in database objects called tables. A table is a collection of related data entries and
it consists of columns and rows.
Q4. What is MySQL?
My SQL is an open-source relational database management system that is based on SQL, most commonly used
for web databases like WordPress and Joomla. It’s also used by many of the worlds’s most popular website like
youtube facebook and twitter.

Q5. What’s the main difference between SQL and MySQL?

SQL is often used to access, manipulate and update the data within a database, whereas MySQL is a relational
database management system that keeps the data within the database organized.

Q6. In SQL, what are ‘JOINS’?

There are for main types of joins in SQL: FULL JOINS, RIGHT JOINS, LEFT JOINS and INNER JOINS. JOINS basically
combine the rows from two or more tables.

Q7. What is an INDEX, and why is it useful to have?

An INDEX is useful to have because it allows for the faster retrieval of records from a table. The index creates an
entry for each value, which in turn, makes it much faster to retrieve the data required.

Q9. If a ‘constraint’ is added in SQL, what does this mean?

Their purpose is to specify a rule for the data within a table, limiting the type of data that can go within the table.

Q10. What are the more common types of SQL constraint and what do they mean?
SQL CONSTRAINTS : PRIMARY KEY which identifies each record in a table, NOT NULL, which provides a unique
identification of a row or record within another table, and also DEFAULT, which will automatically assign a default
value.
Q11. So far, you have referred to TABLES and FIELDS in your answers. What are they?
A TABLE is a collection of data that is organizes into rows and columns
The columns are vertical, and the rows are horizontal. The columns are called FIELDS and the rows are often
referred to as records.

Q13. Tell me what the different subsets of SQL are?

The subsets of SQL are
-Data Control Language(DLC) which permits ypu to control access to the database.
-Data Definitions Language(DDL) which allows you to specify data structures in the database, including deleting
tables, creating them or altering them
-Data Manipulation Language(DML) which allows you to manipulate de data,updating,inserting,deleting or
retrieving data in the table as required.
Q15. How would you format SQL server dates?
FORMAT function can be used,this allows the formatting of the date and time.
EX: SELECT FORMAT(getdate(),’dd/MM/yyyy’)’’

Q16. What is primary and foreign key?

A primary key has one or more columns. The data within the columns is then used to identify each row in a table
just like street addresses. The primary key attributes cannot have null values . A foreign key is a column in one
table.
Q18. What is database denormalization?
Denormalization ia a method used to improve the performance of a database, allowing the retrieval of data in the
quickest time possible.

Q18. What is database normalization?

Normalization reduces redundancy of data whithin a database.

Q21. In SQL, what is a subquery?

A subquery is referred to as an inner quert or inner select. As the name suggestsit is an SQL query nested inside a
larger query,such as a SELECT,UPDATE or INSERT statwment,or indeed inside another subquery.

Q22. What happens to the data rows in a table when the table contains a clustered index?
The data rows will be stored in order. Cluster indexes sort data rows based on their key values. When a table
doesn’t use clustered index,this is called a heap-in other words,the data rows will be unordered.

Intrebari despre mine si despre poziție:

Q1. Tell me about yourself and why you want this position?

I am a strong team worker who can be relied to carry out my duties with passion and professionalism to ensure
the goals of the department and the company I am working to met. Although my level of SQL technical ability is at
beginning i feel like I can contribute to team positively and learn as I go to meet your expectation.
Q3. Why do you want to work for our company in this SQL position?
I belive I can work as a part of a team that has clearly defined goals, sets high standards and also works togheter
to achive all company objectives.
Q8. What personality will you bring to the team?
My personality is one of always being positive,having a can-do attitude and being supportive of other developers
or team members.
Q12. What’s your biggest weakness?
My biggest weakness is that I find it difficult to say no to people,and I end up taking on way too many task stat I
can handle at times.
Q14. It’s 5pm on a Friday and you receive a request from a stakeholder who says it’s urgent. You assess the task
and it will take approximately one hour to complete. What would you do?
Q17. Why do you want to leave your current job?
Q20. What are your salary expectations in this SQL position?
Q23. That’s the end of your SQL interview. Do you have any questions for the panel?
Have I answered all your questions?