Equation of Humidity

mv
ω=
ma

Based on ideal gas law, this can also be expressed in terms of vapour partial pressure,
m v P v V / Rv T Pv / Rv Pv
ω= = = =0.622
ma P a / Ra T Pa / Ra Pa

Or
0.622 P v
ω=
P−Pv

mole fraction of water vapour (mv) relative to water vapour in saturated state (mg)
m v Pv V / Rv T Pv
ϕ= = =
mg Pg / R v T Pg

Where
Pg =Psat @ T

Combining the equation with the equation from humidity ratio, we can also express relative
humidity as

ωP 0.622 ϕ Pg
ϕ= ∧ω=
(0.622+ω)P g P−ϕ P g

Adiabatic Saturation Process

Consider the channel below in which air of unknown humidity enters at station (1) and after
absorbing moisture from the liquid pool, exits at 100% relative humidity at station (2).

Figure xx: Experiment to Measure Humidity

Conversation of energy
ṁa h1 + ṁf h f 2=ṁa h2

Since,
 ṁf ¿ ṁa ( w 2−w 1)

ṁa h1 + ṁa ( w2−w1 ) h f 2=ṁa h2

Divided by ṁaat both sides

h1 + ( w2−w1 ) hf 2=h2

Since,
h1 =C p T 1 + w1 hg 1

h2 =C p T 2+ w2 hg 2

Substitute h1 and h2 ,
w 1 (h ¿ ¿ g 1−h f 2)=C p (T 2−T 1)+ w2 (h g 2−h f 2)¿

Rearrange the equation with the subject w 1

C p ( T 2−T 1 ) + w2 hfg 2
w 1=
h g 1−h f 2