Question - Discuss The Methodology To Be Adopted For The Maintenance Of Electrical System In The

Building. List Out The Guidelines For Maintenance Of Electrical Appliances.

Define Electrical Maintenance

· Electrical Maintenance involves the fault diagnosis, routine servicing, and repair of electrical
components of a machine.

· An electrical maintenance Engineer is responsible for planning the maintenance to ensure the
smooth running of production lines in a company.

· The engineer service, repair and maintain the electrical components of a plant.

Electrical Maintenance

· Preventive

· Operational

· Corrective

Preventive Maintenance

The effectiveness of a preventive maintenance schedule depends on the RCM anylysis which it was
based on, and the ground rules used for costeffectivity.

 Preventive maintenance is maintenance performed in an attempt to avoid failures, unnecessary

production loss and safety violations.

Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) is a process to ensure that assets continue to do what their
users require in their present operating context.

What is the definition of Electrical Preventive Maintenance?

The scheduled inspection, testing and maintenance of critical electrical components!

Scheduled

1) Start with a plan

2) Depending on the type of maintenance and the environment the frequency can vary from one to five
years.

3) Be Proactive verses Reactive.

Inspection, Testing & Maintenance

1) IEEE-- The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.

2) NETA --National Electrical Testing Association.

3) Good common sense.

CRITICAL

1) No guarantees, reduce your probability of an electrical crisis or outage.

2) Does it cost you or your company money or is it just inconvenient.

3) Time period for evaluation, typically one hour.

4) How is the electrical distribution system designed.

High Voltage verses Low Voltage

1) Low Voltage- 120 to 600 volt equipment

2) High Voltage - over 600 volt equipment

High Voltage verses Low Voltage

1) Different types of testing, contact verses non-contact.

2) Energized cleaning tightening.

3) Critical verses Non-Critical

4) Typically different types of deficiencies.

Typical Low Voltage Deficiencies

1) Overloading

2) Code violations

3) Loose connections

4) Trash, contamination or storage

5) Harmonics

Typical High Voltage Deficiencies

1) Corona or tracking

2) Stress cone failure

3) Loose connections
4) Dirt or contamination

· Harmonics

1. Caused by the switching or disruption of the normal 60 cycle sine wave.

2. Tripling harmonics 3rd, 9th or 15th.

3. Motor rotation.

4. Annoying verses destructive harmonics.

· Infrared Analysis

5. Imaging verses scanning.

6. Measures infrared wave emissions not temperature.

7. Emissivity

8. Is not a cure-all, do not use a screwdriver when you need a hammer.

9. High voltage verses low voltage.

· Ultrasound Leak Detection

10. Microphone

11. High voltage

12. Pole leads

13. Steam traps

14. Motor bearings

· Transformer Oil Testing

15. Dissolved Gas Analysis

16. Oil Quality Profile

17. PCB Analysis

18. SD Meyers

19. Taking samples

20. Frequency
 · Polarization Index Testing

21. Megger Test

22. Capacitance Test

23. Frequency

Electrical Operational Maintenance

where equipment is maintained in using.

Operational maintenance is the care and minor maintenance of equipment using procedures that do
not require detailed technical knowledge of equipment’s or system’s function and design.

This category of operational maintenance normally consists of inspecting, cleaning, servicing,

preserving, lubricating, and adjusting, as required.

Such maintenance may also include minor parts replacement that does not require the person
performing the work to have highly technical skills or to perform internal alignment.

As the term implies, operational maintenance, is performed by the operator of the equipment.

Its purpose is threefold:

(1) To make the operator aware of the state of readiness of theequipment.

(2) To reduce the delays that would occur if a qualified technician had to be called every time a simple
adjustment were needed and

(3) To release technicians for more complicated work

 Depending on the type of equipment in use, operators may also be responsible for replacing worn out
filters or cartridges, or removing and replacing a worn belt, cutting tool, or grinding stone. Operational
maintenance may entail keeping machinery well lubricated to reduce the risk of friction or failure.

Electrical Corrective Maintenance

where equipment is maintained after break down.

This maintenance is often most expensive because worn equipment can damage other parts & cause
multiple damages.

Corrective maintenance is the program focused on the regular task that will maintain all the critical
machinery and the system in optimum operating conditions.

The major objectives of the program are to

1.Eliminating breakdown
2.Eliminating deviation

3.Eliminating unnecessary repairs

4.Optimize all the critical planned system

Maintenance Software

Now – a – days number of software are used to control or maintain the electrical environment.

There are many software's available in the market. Like CMMS, epix etc