Physiological Effect

1.It helps you cope with the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD).
2.It improves your core muscle stability.
3.It improves your body’s ability to tolerate intense exercise.
4.It lowers your chances of injuring or wearing out your muscles.
5.It slows your rate of breathing so that it expends less energy.
6.It helps you relax, lowering the harmful effects of the stress hormone
cortisol on your body.
7.It lowers your heart
8.Improve respiratory capacity.
9.It helps lower your blood pressure
 Indication
1.Post -operative pain
2.Pulmonary disease (primary or secondary)
3.Airway obstruction (COPD)
4.Atelectasis
5.Restriction of breathing due to musculoskeletal
abnormality or obesity
6.Central nervous system deficit
7.Neurological patient with muscle weakness.
8.Surgical procedure such as thoracic or abdominal
surgeries
 Significance
GPB is useful in
•Patients with a reduced vital capacity owing to respiratory muscle paralysis.

•Paralysed patients dependent on a mechanical ventilator may be able to use GPB

continuously, other than during sleep, to substitute the mechanical ventilation.

•The most common use of GPB is in patients who are able to breathe
spontaneously but whose power to cough and clear secretions is inadequate. The
technique may enable these patients to shout to attract attention and it may help
to maintain or improve lung and chest wall compliance.
•Patients with high-level quadriplegia are often instructed in glossopharyngeal breathing
(GPB), in which the patient swallows air into the lungs in order to increase vital capacity.

•GPB is used to augment cough effectiveness, provide internal mobilization of the chest
wall, and improve quality of life by allowing periods of ventilator or phrenic nerve
stimulator independence and more effective phonation.

•GPB shows that vital capacity could be increased from 60% to 81 % of its predicted value
when using GPB.
• Glossopharyngeal breathing (GBP), also known as
“frog breathing, is a positive pressure breathing
method using muscles of mouth and pharynx to
push volume of air (gulps) into the lungs.
• It is a trick movement that was first described by
Dail (1951) when patients with poliomyelitis were
observed to be gulping air into their lungs.
• It was this gulping action that gave the technique
the name 'frog breathing'
 Techniques
1.Mouth opens oral pharynx filled with air

2. Mouth closes air trapped in the oral pharynx

3. Mouth remain closed and forces the air back to

the open glottis and then into the lungs

4. Glotis closed and air is trapped in the lungs

 Contraindication

•GPB is contraindicated in patients with a

tracheostomy when the cuff is inflated.

•GPB must be avoided in patients with airflow

obstruction or pulmonary disease, due to the risk of
air trapping.
➢ GPB should not be attempted in patients
with neuromuscular disorders affecting
swallowing and in patients with a
progressive disorder, intermittent positive
pressure breathing (IPPB) may be more
appropriate than GPB.
➢ Pursed-lip breathing is a simple technique which
consists of inhaling through the nose and exhaling
through the mouth with pursed lips.

➢ A patient is instructed to inhale through the nose for

several seconds with the mouth closed and then
exhale slowly over 4 to 6 seconds through lips held in
a whistling or kissing position.

➢ This can be done with or without abdominal muscle

contraction