weeceeeeeeeeeeeeee--- UNIT ERY DEFINITIONS Study the spelling, pronunciation, and meaning of each word. Then complete each phrase by writing the word in the blank. amiable (adj.) agreeable; friendly; good-natured (@ me a bal) > our __ neighbors 2. brisk (adj.) lively; quick; active (brisk) ba walk through the park controversy (x) a disagreement between opposing sides (Kon’ tra var sé) pm over the new rules 4, detract (v) to lessen; to take away a good part of something (di trakt’) > from the fun 5. discord (n.) lack of agreement; harsh sound (dis’ kérd) > among the club members 6. durable (adj.) lasting; able to withstand wear or weathering (dd6r* a bal) Da duffel bag for the journey 7. envelop (v.) to enclose with a wrap or cover; to surround (en vel’ ap) > the child in warm blankets 8. fervent (adj.) showing great emotion or warmth; ardent; enthusiastic (far’ vant) ba response 9. fury (n) fierce anger; rage (fyd6r" @) > the of the storm 10. hostility (n.) opposition; unfriendliness; acting as enemies (ho stil’ i te) showing __ toward our idea 11. inquisitive (adj.) extremely curious; eager to learn; questioning (in kwiz’ tiv) pm the _ little girl SSS eed12. 13, 14, 15. 16. 17. .. 20. legible (lej’ > bal) mutilate (myoot’ al at) oscillate (os a lat) predator (pred’ a tar) reiterate (re it’ 2 at) siege (se) subordination (sa bor da na” shan) twinge (bwinj) wretched (rech’ id) (adj.) easily read; apparent ba signature (v) to cut off, tear, or damage an important part of something peas the bicycle’s front fender (»,) to swing back and forth > watching the fan (x) an animal that attacks other animals or living things; a person who attacks others > as the stalks its prey (¥) to say over again; to repeat > the last sentence (n.) the surrounding of a location for the purpose of capturing it > the last of the battle (n.) placement in a lower class or rank; obedience > the trainee’s to the officer (x) a sudden, sharp pain; a sudden qualm ba in her back (adj.) living a miserable life; in very poor condition De thie oleh esusseisaueaaieneeiene homee! BQ -- -- en nn nn ee 2 2 = = ovo ECOMPLETING Choose the word from this unit that best completes THE SENTENCES — ©h of the following sentences. Write the word in the 10. Mu. 12. 13. 4. blank. You may use the plural form of nouns or the past tense of verbs if necessary. Ididn’t mean to start a(n) ; but that’s what happened when I beat the Kid at his favorite video game. The Kid, as he is commonly known, is a perfectly nice, __ saaee guy until it comes to video games. ‘Then he becomes a vicious__ looking for innocent victims to devour. Letme____. I didn’t mean to start anything last Tuesday— things just happened. Itall started with abarely__————__note in my locker. “Be at Tom's Video Arcade after school. Or I'll come find you.” It was signed, “Kid.” I knew better than to ignore the tone of. If Kid had picked me as his next opponent, then I was going to show up. Itwasmy________———__hope that there had been some mistake and the note was supposed to be in someone else’s locker. ‘Those of you who are very__ may want to know why I was so upset. It wasn't because I was afraid of losing. I was afraid of winning. Now, I’m not trying to aeeaEEE from Kid's reputation as a great player. He is very good. But I knew I was better. also knew that if I beat Kid the full force of his would be turned on me, and I didn’t even want to think about what he might do. Tuesday after school I took a(n) bike ride to the arcade. There had been some among my friends about who should go with me. No one really wanted to watch me get ___at the end of the game. Finally they had decided that there was safety in numbers, so when I arrived at the arcade, I was ___ by a group of my buddies.ing. The only movement one stopped talking. 15. We walked into the arcade and every‘ = ne coniet was the fan that _ and “T hear you're good. But I’m 16. The Kid was waiting. sae can last all night at this game. Let's g forces couldn’t stand up to the surprise 17. It was over in five minutes. His eee isa auneuser diet 2 ___ that mine launc! people use. look at Kid. What is 18. With a(n) of fear, I turned to would his reaction be? 19. He looked and disappointed, but not angry. In fact, he shook my hand and proclaimed me the new champ. 20. I knew Kid would not appreciate being in a position of so [ told him we could be co-champs. I'm sure everyone will get used to the idea eventually. SYNONYMS Synonyms are words that have the same or nearly the Brno same meanings. Choose the word from this unit that is the synonym for each of the following groups of words. Write your answer on the line. 1. acramp, spasm, pang to blanket, enwrap, enclose to deform, mangle, cripple a dispute, argument, quarrel 2. esiebrstt 3. eee 4. —_—_—____ 5. pitiful, forlorn, destitute ee 6. antagonism, ill-will, hatred eg 7. swift, sprightly, vigorous psc 8. pleasant, social, benevolent a 9. ferocity, wrath, ire 10. to restate, retell, go over again iia 11. earnest, eager, impassioned ee BJ--- nee tel12. a conflict, clash; disharmony 13. to diminish, reduce, subtract 14, plain, clear, understandable 15, enduring, sturdy, tough ANTONYMS Antonyms are words that have the opposite or nearly the opposite meanings. Choose the word from this unit that is the antonym for each of the following groups of words. Write your answer on the line. 1. fortunate, prosperous, flourishing 2, to unwrap, expose, unveil 3, to increase, add to, enhance eee 4. uninterested, indifferent, unconcerned 5. unreadable, unclear, indistinct 6. hostile, belligerent, quarrelsome 7. fragile, flimsy, weak 8. cool, apathetic, unfeeling 9. sluggish, lethargic, lazy 10. agreement, accord, harmony CHOOSING THE Underline the word that best completes each of the RIGHT WORD following sentences. 1. As they grew older, the jealousy and (discord, controversy) between the two sisters gave way to a strong friendship. 2. It has always been my (brisk, fervent) desire to become a veterinarian. 3. During the Civil War, the (siege, twinges) of Atlanta prevented the transport of food and medical supplies into the city. es 23)10. mM. 12. 13. 14, 15. 16. 7. 18. 19. 20. ins of Africa Lions are the most powerful (hostility, predators) on the plains © ; hythm of th The car’s windshield wipers seemed to (oscillate, mutilate) to the shyt i song on the radio. Snowboots should be (legible, durable) enough to last through several harsh winters, The most recent (controversy, fury) in my family is about our new dog's name: should it be Casey or Fred? It took several hours for the rising flood to (reiterate, envelop) our house, but we were powerless to stop it. ‘We expected our coach to be in a (fury, discord) after the big loss, but all he said was “Good work.” If you (detract, mutilate) a library book by ripping out the pages, your library card will be revoked, The (fervent, inquisitive) child’s favorite question was “Why?” Our waitress is busy and overworked; she doesn’t deserve (subordination, hostility) from her customers, Empty soda cans, candy wrappers, and other garbage (detract, envelop) from the beauty of the beach. The (amiable, durable) hostess greeted each of her guests with a smile and a hug. Did you hear me the first time, or should I (oscillate, reiterate) my request? Pam felt a (discord, twinge) when she accidentally bumped her bruised knee on her desk. ‘The polka is a (brisk, wretched) dance that takes a lot of energy and a big dance floor. The military requires the command them. John Hancock's signature on the Declaration of Independence is more (inquisitive, legible) than others—you can see it very clearly. In the novel Oliver Twist, the orphans lived in a(n) (wretched, amiable) house on nothing but gruel and water. Dyn nnn =e beet Eseen te een e eee eee === UNIT RY In chemistry, letters are used to represent different chemicals and elements. Equations such as the ‘one below show how elements combine to form compounds: 2H, +O, = 2H,0 This shows how hydrogen (H) and oxygen (0) can be combined to make water. In Word Chemistry, you'll see an equation like the one above. The letters in each equation combine to make a vocabulary word. A small number to the right of a letter tells you how many times that letter appears in the word. The clue next to the equation gives you a hint, For example: IS + E,G = keeping you occupied The small 2 tells you there are two £’s in this vocabulary word. Determine how many letters are actually in the word. Then rearrange them and write the answer on. the line. The answer to the example is siege. 1. LBI+MA,E =a formula for friendliness 2. CAE +T2DR =a solution that lessens 3. CIO +SD,R = this won't agree with you 4, TRF + NE,V = something enthusiastic 5. OPL+NE,V = to enclose something — 6 TNE+SUV+1,Q = like people who ask questions 7. R,ZUY,F - YR,Z = this may make you angry 8. EI,B, + KS,R- = an active formula mee ee en ee errr rr ern -------‘CHALLENGE WORDS — gregarious (gra gar’ @ as) mortify (mér’ ti) permeate (par’ mé at) ruminate (r00° ma nat) sardonic (sar dan’ ik) (adj.) liking to be in the company of others (v) to cause shame or humility (v,) to spread throughout evenly (v.) to ponder; to think carefully over and over in the mind (adj.) sarcastic in a bitter or mocking way