6.

1 Sequences
6.1.2 Using Functions and Mappings
What is function?

• A function is a relationship
between two sets of
numbers.
• It is like a machine that
has an input and an
output.
 Function Machine
A function machine will look like this.

We can put any number into the machine. The output

from the machine is determined by what operation the
machine performs.
Example

This simple function machine multiplies the input by 3.

Now, try to put any number in the input, and find the
output.
Example

Input Output
–2 –6
–1 –3
0 0
1 3
2 6
Mapping Diagram
Now, you can also draw a function as a mapping diagram. From
the previous example, the mapping diagram will look like this:
Function Algebra
Next, you can write the function algebraically as an equation.
Letter x will represent the input numbers.
Letter y will represent the output numbers.
You can now show the function machine like this.

x Y
Function Algebra
Next, you can write the input (x) and output (y) numbers
in a table. x y
–2 –6

–1 –3

0 0

1 3

2 6
Function Algebra
Lastly, you can write the function as an equation like this:
xx3=y
3x = y
But it is more common to write the equation like this
Y=xx3
Y = 3x
 In your notebook, copy and answer all the questions below

6.1.2 Using Functions and Mappings

Exercise 1
x +3 Y

(a) Copy and complete the table of values for the function
machine above.
x 1 2 3 4
y
(b) Draw a mapping diagram for the function in part (a).

(c) Write the function as an equation.

 In your notebook, answer all the questions below.
You don’t have to copy the question

Exercise 2
x –3 Y

(a) Copy and complete the table of values for the function
machine above.
x 4 5 6 7
y
(b) Draw a mapping diagram for the function in part (a).

(c) Write the function as an equation.