INTER-GLOBAL COLLEGE FOUNDATION, INC.

Brgy. Bocohan, Lucena City

Registration No.16Q13029

COURSE MODULE
(Paper-Based)

STUDENT’S COPY

I. NAME OF PROGRAM Bachelor of Science in Marine Transportation (BSMT)

COURSE CODE
II. COURSE DESCRIPTIVE
Ship Handling and Maneuvering
TITLE / CODE
Seam 5

COURSE CREDIT UNIT

IV. PRE-REQUISITE / CO-
DW 1
REQUISITE / CREDIT UNIT 3

VI. COURSE DESCRIPTION Ship Handling and Maneuvering

MODULE NUMBER
VII. MODULE TITLE/ NUMBER Emergency Procedures
10

IX. INCLUSIVE WEEK Week Number 10

X. COURSE OUTCOME State the procedures during emergency

Learning Outcome: At the end of the modules, the students should be able to:
1. List the contents of a muster list and emergency
2. Describe the division of the crew into a command team, all emergency team, a back up emergency team and an engine-
room emergency team.
3. Explain the composition of emergency teams.
4. State that crew members not assigned to emergency teams would prepare survival craft, render first aid, assemble
passengers and generally assist the emergency parties as directed.
5. State that the engine room emergency team would take control of emergencies and keep the command team informed
6. State that good communication between the command team and the emergency team are essential.

A. STCW Competence Addressed by the Course Module :

 A-II/1 F1.C5: Respond to Emergencies

B. STCW KUP Addressed by the Course Module:

 A-II/1 F1.C5. KUP1: Emergency Procedures

XI. MODULE RESOURCES

MINIMUM READING MATERIAL/ONLINE RESOURCES TO BE PROVIDED BY THE FACULTY; IT CAN BE
IN PDF / WORD FILE / INTERNET LINKS / ETC. AND ITS MHEIs DISCRETION BASED ON THEIR
RESOURCES / CAPABILITY

A. IMO IMDG.1: International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (Volume 1)

[https://law.resource.org/pub/us/cfr/ibr/004/imo.imdg.1.2006.pdf]
B. Dangerous Goods Management Manual
[http://www.mrcmekong.org/assets/Publications/basin-reports/Dangerious-Goods-MM-
Sept2013.pdf]
C. An Introduction to the IMDG Code [http://www.imdgsupport.com/Free%20IMDG%20Code
%20introduction%2037-14.pdf]
 INTER-GLOBAL COLLEGE FOUNDATION, INC.
Brgy. Bocohan, Lucena City
Registration No.16Q13029

INTRODUCTION:
An emergency situation on ship must be handled with confidence and calmness, for haste
decisions and “jumping to conclusions” can make the matters even worse. Efficient tackling
of emergency situations can be achieved by continuous training and by practical drills
onboard vessel. However, it has been seen that in spite of adequate training, people get panic
attacks and eventually do not do what they should in an emergency situation.

As far as the seafarer is concerned, first and foremost, he or she must be aware of the
different types of emergency situations that can arise on board ship. This would help in
understanding the real scenario in a better way, and would also lead to taking correct actions

Emergency
Procedures

Other
Emergency Limits of
Emergency
Situation Guide Responsibility
Situation Guide
to save life, property, and environment.

LESSON MAP:

EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

Emergency Situation Guide

Officers and crew should familiarize themselves thoroughly with the Fire
Training Manual and the training manual on Life Saving Appliances of the ship.
 INTER-GLOBAL COLLEGE FOUNDATION, INC.
Brgy. Bocohan, Lucena City
Registration No.16Q13029

Man Overboard In case of Man Overboard Signal:

Signal Rush to the deck and try to locate the crew member fallen in the
water
Throw lifebuoy and inform deck

Abandon Ship In case of Abandon Ship Signal:

Signal Rush to the muster station
Carry as much ration, water, and warm clothing as you can carry
Act according to the vessel’s Muster Lists

Engineers Call In case of engineers call:

All Ship Engineers Should assemble in the Engine Control Room

In case of CO2 alarm:

CO2 Alarm  Leave the Engine Room immediately

In case of engine room flooding:

Chief Engineer should be called immediately and general alarm
should be raised
Engine Room Immediate action should be taken in preventing more sea water to
Flooding enter the engine room and Emergency bilging from the Engine
Room should be established in accordance with the Chief
Engineer

In case of cargo hold flooding:

Cargo Hold Master must be informed immediately
Flooding All precaution must be taken to contain the flooding to that hold
General alarm must be raised
 INTER-GLOBAL COLLEGE FOUNDATION, INC.
Brgy. Bocohan, Lucena City
Registration No.16Q13029

To prevent this, several steps can be taken:

 If the vessel is bilged the holed compartment should be, if possible, isolated by closing
watertight doors or openings and the section pumped out. If the pump cannot contain the
flooding other means may be needed to reduce the intake of water.
 Listing the vessel, especially if the damage is near the waterline, will reduce the flow of
  water into the vessel.  This can be achieved by moving weights or ballasting.
 Thought may be given to the use of any possible material to plug up a hole.  This could
  include pillows, bedding, cushions, mattresses etc.
 
"Collision Mats" could also be incorporated.  This is usually a  strong piece of canvas with
spars secured on two opposite sides.  The mat is usually rolled up and the lines led under the hull
until it is near the hole and then unrolled effectively sealing the holed area and reducing the flow
of water into the compartment.
NOTE: If spars are not used the water pressure may prevent  the `tarps' (collision mats)
  from fully covering the holed section.
 
There are commercially manufactured `collision mats' for small craft.  These are of the
umbrella principle.  The unit is pushed through the hole then opened around the area by pulling on
the centre pole.

REMEMBER: Collision Mats are designed to reduce the ingress of water to a level where

the pump discharge is of a greater capacity than the flow of water into the vessel.
 

Once control has been gained, more permanent repairs can be undertaken. If a vessel has
sustained damage to its bow section or a compartment which leaves a bulkhead exposed to the sea,
support must be given to these particular areas. The water pressure on the bulkhead will increase
dramatically once the vessel gets underway - without support more damage may occur resulting in
loss of the vessel.
 INTER-GLOBAL COLLEGE FOUNDATION, INC.
Brgy. Bocohan, Lucena City
Registration No.16Q13029

Consider a tow and prepare vessel accordingly (check the rules for salvage and if possible

  obtain a tow from a vessel of the same company or nationality)
 Fit operating tackle and tie off
 Once secure, remove the hydraulic or mechanical actuating mechanism and secure clear of
the tiller or rudder stock
 Rig operating gear so that you have a clear view from the steering position.

Be aware of the consequences of astern propulsion while in emergency steering mode.  The

action of the water being drawn across the blade will place more load on the operating lines and
could cause the lines to be pulled through the hands (if hand operated).
  

Operation of the twin gear for single rudder can be achieved by one person if a drum is
mounted with the running part of the tackle from the two units being wound in the opposite
direction around the operating drum.

  Don't forget when steaming in this manner to display "Restricted in Ability

to Manoeuvre" lights and shapes and record events in vessel’s log.

Assisting Vessels in Distress

Section 265(1) of the Navigation Act, 1912 requires the Master of a vessel to render all
possible assistance to any persons from or on a vessel or aircraft that are or the Master has reason
to believe are in need of assistance.
States’ Acts and the Territory’s’ Acts have a similar clauses, so your responsibilities in this
regard are very clearly set out.  However you should obtain a copy of the Marine Act for your
State or Territory and read the relevant clause.  This document should be available from your local
library, your facilitator or the relevant Marine Board or for purchase from the States’ or
Territory’s’ printers.
However, there are a few points that need further clarification. Your position may be 300
 INTER-GLOBAL COLLEGE FOUNDATION, INC.
Brgy. Bocohan, Lucena City
Registration No.16Q13029

 
Limits of Responsibility
The primary aim of a Master of a vessel rendering assistance is saving life.
 

In achieving this aim the best option may be to take the vessel in tow or, in some other way,
save it from total loss.  The action taken will depend on the circumstance of the case that he/she is
faced with - but there is no legal responsibility on the Master of the rescuing vessel to save
property.

Calm Water Transfer

This brings us to the methods by which
personnel may be transferred from the distressed
vessel.
 

In very rare instances it is possible to go

alongside, but this presupposes calm seas and the
fact that the vessel is not on fire. Even then, the
swell on an otherwise calm sea can cause the two
vessels to come heavily together with considerable
risk to those being transferred as well as to the
vessels and rescuers themselves.
As the circumstances in a situation like this are variable, no set method of rescue can be
decided upon without first examining the circumstances and making a professional judgment
based on your knowledge gained in this course and practical knowledge of the capabilities of your
vessel.  Only you can decide the best course of action to facilitate the safe rescue of the other
vessel’s crew and passengers and the safety of your crew, passengers and vessel.
 

If circumstances allow you to go alongside the other vessel, ensure that all booms, boats and
movable gear are swung inboard so as to avoid getting tangled or damaged, and see that the same
precautions are taken aboard the other vessel. Position the heaviest fenders you can muster along
the vessel's side at gunwale height along the points of the vessels side that will come into contact
with the other vessel, judging from its shape, etc.  Do not fasten your vessel to the stricken vessel
as the circumstances of the other vessel may change suddenly, jeopardising the safety of the whole
 INTER-GLOBAL COLLEGE FOUNDATION, INC.
Brgy. Bocohan, Lucena City
Registration No.16Q13029

In this sort of heavy weather operation, one

thing that does work in our favour is that both
vessels will lie unattended beam-on to wind and
sea and, if they are of reasonably similar size,
their downwind rate of drift will be much the
same. If this is so, you can position yourself up-
wind and beam-on to the other vessel, and
thereby create a lee of some sort between you.
 

If you have a line throwing gun, a line can now be passed. Once this is done, you have made
physical contact, and there are several ways in which the line can be put to use. However, few
small vessels carry such equipment and it would be exceedingly dangerous under the
conditions visualized to go close enough to use a heaving line. This means you have to devise
some other means of getting the line across. Floating it down on a lifebuoy or similar flotation
device is usually doomed to failure as the buoy, with no windage, will probably drift at the same
rate as the vessels, even if the line attached to it is very light.
Perhaps the best flotation instrument is an inflated rubber raft which will blow rapidly
downwind, taking a light line with it (light enough to not prevent the raft from drifting, but heavy
enough to haul it back fully loaded).
The distressed crew can then board this raft and be hauled back to you on this line. This also
means that injured personnel can be transferred fairly easily. Also remember that a very small
amount of oil has a miraculous calming effect on the sea, but to be successful in the situation
being discussed it must be released from the distressed vessel. (Remember, both vessels are
drifting down-wind on a sea surface that has no lateral movement, so the apparent drift of the oil
will be up-wind.)
If you do not have an inflatable raft, your ingenuity may be able to devise some other means
that will have the necessary windage - a small unmanned aluminum dinghy, for instance.
 

Another method of transferring a line, and which requires a nice piece of vessel handling, is to
tow a buoyed line across the bow or stern of the other so that it can be recovered by the other
 INTER-GLOBAL COLLEGE FOUNDATION, INC.
Brgy. Bocohan, Lucena City
Registration No.16Q13029

 
 
Where neither raft nor dinghy is available, the survivors can be towed across a few at a time
in the water and supported by their life jackets. This is made considerably safer if life buoys are
tied to the tow rope.
 

There are possibly other ways which your ingenuity can devise based on the same general
principles.
 

One last very important point -Unless all survivors come across in the first haul, however it is
made, it is essential that a messenger line, secured to the rope or raft, is paid out from the
distressed vessel to haul it back for the subsequent trips. The last thing you need at this stage is to
have to repeat the process of passing that initial line.

Taking in Tow/Salvage
It is not intended here to go into the details of towing methods and the procedures involved in
passing, securing and carrying out the tow. There are, however, several points you should consider
before taking any vessel in tow under these circumstances.
 

As has already been mentioned, this may be the best and safest method of effecting a rescue -
that is your decision - but it is in no way incumbent upon you to do so, and the safety of your own
vessel and her personnel must be your first consideration.

Before passing a tow you should: 

(i) Be satisfied that your vessel is large and powerful enough to handle the tow;
(ii) Decide what sort of risk there is to the safety of your own vessel;
(iii) Ensure that you have sufficient fuel, with the added drag of the tow and the
slow anticipated progress, to make your destination;
(iv) Advise your owners of your intentions (they may well veto the operation);
(v) Establish that the operation does not invalidate your insurance;
(vi) Establish beyond any argument with the Master or owners of the other vessel
the salvage basis on which you are carrying out the tow.
With regard to (vi) above, this may be done between the owners ashore or between
yourself and the Master of the distressed vessel.
 INTER-GLOBAL COLLEGE FOUNDATION, INC.
Brgy. Bocohan, Lucena City
Registration No.16Q13029

As Master it is your responsibility:

 to ensure there are sufficient provisions including water for passengers and

crew
 that sufficient protection from elements for passengers and crew
 that the vessel is manned as per the relevant requirements
 that the vessel is operated within its area of operation
 that the required safety equipment is carried and operational
 that the drills and practices as required by the USL Code are carried out

General Emergency Alarm on the ship is recognize by 7 short ringing of the bell followed

by a long ring or using the ship horn.

Fire Alarm Signal onboard ship is sounded as the continuous ringing of ship's electrical
bell or continuous sounding of ship's horn. ... Once the master decides for the dismissal of the
crew from fire stations, the general alarm will be sounded three times followed by three short
blasts of the ship's whistle.
 INTER-GLOBAL COLLEGE FOUNDATION, INC.
Brgy. Bocohan, Lucena City
Registration No.16Q13029

Abandon Ship Alarm  more than six short blasts and one prolonged blast on
the ship's whistle and same signal on the general alarm bell.