6.75 The composite shaft shown in Fig. P6.

75 consists of a solid brass segment (1) and a solid aluminum

segment (2) that are connected at flange B and securely attached to rigid supports at A and C. Brass
segment (1) has a diameter of 1.00 in., a length of L1 = 15 in., a shear modulus of 5,600 ksi, and an
allowable shear stress of 8 ksi. Aluminum segment (2) has a diameter of 0.75 in., a length of L2 = 20 in.,
a shear modulus of 4,000 ksi, and an allowable shear stress of 6 ksi. Determine:
(a) the allowable torque TB that can be
applied to the composite shaft at flange B.
(b) the magnitudes of the internal torques in
segments (1) and (2).
(c) the rotation angle of flange B that is
produced by the allowable torque TB.

Fig. P6.75

Solution
Section Properties: The polar moments of inertia for the two shafts are:
J1 (1.00 in.) 4 0.098175 in.4
32
J2 (0.75 in.) 4 0.031063 in.4
32

Equilibrium:
Mx T1 T2 TB 0 (a)

Geometry of Deformation Relationship: Since the two shafts are securely attached to fixed supports
at A and C, the sum of the angles of twist in the two members must equal zero:
1 2 0 (b)

Torque-Twist Relationships:
T1L1 T2 L2
1 2 (c)
J1G1 J 2G2

Compatibility Equation: Substitute the torque-twist relationships [Eqs. (c)] into the geometry of
deformation relationship [Eq. (b)] to obtain the compatibility equation:
T1 L1 T2 L2
0 (d)
J1G1 J 2G2

Solve the Equations: Since the problem is expressed in terms of allowable stresses, it is convenient to
rewrite Eq. (d) in terms of stresses. In general, the elastic torsion formula can be rearranged as:
Tc T
J J c
which allows Eq. (d) to be rewritten as:

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 L
1 1 2 L2
(e)
G1c1 G2 c 2
Solve Eq. (e) for 1:
L2 G1 c1 20 in. 5,600 ksi 1.00 in./2
1 2 2 2.488889 2 (f)
L1 G2 c2 15 in. 4,000 ksi 0.75 in./2

Assume the shaft (2) controls: If the shear stress in shaft (2) reaches its allowable magnitude of 6 ksi,
then the shear stress magnitude in shaft (1) will be:
1 2.488889(6 ksi) 14.9333 ksi 8 ksi N.G.
which is larger than the 8 ksi allowable shear stress magnitude for shaft (1). Therefore, the shear stress
magnitude in shaft (1) must control.

Shaft (1) actually controls: Rearrange Eq. (f) to solve for the shear stress magnitude in shaft (2) given
that the shear stress magnitude in shaft (1) is at its 8 ksi allowable magnitude:
8 ksi
2 3.214 ksi 6 ksi O.K.
2.488889
Now that the maximum shear stress magnitudes in the two shafts are known, the torque magnitudes in
each component can be computed:
1 J1 (8 ksi)(0.098175 in.4 )
T1 1.571 kip-in.
c1 1.00 in./2
J 2 (3.214 ksi)(0.031063 in.4 )
2
T2 0.266 kip-in.
c2 0.75 in./2
Note that these are torque magnitudes. From inspection of the FBD of flange B and the associated
equilibrium equation, it is apparent that T2 must act opposite to the direction assumed in the FBD, giving
it a negative value. Therefore, by inspection
T2 0.266 kip-in.

(a) Total Torque: From Eq. (a), the total torque acting at flange B must not exceed:
TB,max T1 T2 1.571 kip-in. ( 0.266 kip-in.) 1.837 kip-in. Ans.

(b) Torques Magnitudes: As computed previously, the torque magnitude in shaft (1) is:
T1 1.571 kip-in. Ans.
and the torque magnitude in shaft (2) is:
T2 0.266 kip-in. Ans.

(c) Rotation Angle of Flange B Relative to Support A: The angle of twist in member (1) can be
defined by the difference in rotation angles at the two ends; hence,
1 B A

Since joint A is restrained from rotating, A = 0 and thus

1 B

The rotation angle at B can be determined by computing the angle of twist in member (1):
T1L1 (1.571 kip-in.)(15 in.)
1 0.042857 rad 0.0429 rad Ans.
J1G1 (0.098175 in.4 )(5,600 ksi)

Excerpts from this work may be reproduced by instructors for distribution on a not-for-profit basis for testing or instructional purposes only
to students enrolled in courses for which the textbook has been adopted. Any other reproduction or translation of this work beyond that
permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the permission of the copyright owner is unlawful.