==Practice Test Thirteen << 7. What peculiarities does the OAP demonstrate? 8. Give an alternative expression for "specimens for observation" (line 27). ° ). In what sense is the wait a “marathon” (line 31)? 10. What is referred to in the phrase "object of his desire" (line 31)? il. What attitude is suggested by the phrase "sniggers are stifled” (ines 31 - 32)? 12. Why have inverted commas been used with "check out" (line 36)? 14, Explain in your own words what is meant by "several years further down Lover's Lane" (lines 38 - 39). 15. Ina paragraph of 70-100 words, summarise the character types described in the passage. 232Presentation 1 4 Inversion Inversion means changing the order of subject and verb in the sentence. It is used after certain expressions in order to give emphasis. Inversion Type 1 with Auxiliary Verb Negative Words Clauses of Result Inversion of the Conditionals Main Clause Not only ... Such / So... Only after Should (Type 1) Little ... To such a degree ... Only by Were (Type 2) No sooner ... than Only if Had | ... (Type 3) etc. Only when . Not until / till ... eg. No sooner had he got into the bath than the phone rang. Such a brilliant pianist was he that he carried off all the prizes. Only by keeping a signal-fire burning did the woman manage to alert her rescuers. Were you a brighter fellow, you'd have gone along with the scheme. Inversion Type 2 without Auxiliary Verb After adverbs of place or verbs of movement After the quoted words in Direct Speech There goes Tom! "I've just finished," said Tom. Up went the balloon! There are adverbs or adverbial phrases with a negative, restrictive or emphatic meaning which are followed by inversion when placed first in a sentence. The most common are: Seldom Scarcely ... when Only after Neither/Nor/So Rarely Hardly ... when Onnoaccount —_Never before Little Many Only in this way Never Barely No sooner ... than Only by Not since Nowhere Not only ... but Only then Not till / until Notevenonce Onno occasion ‘Only when Well (formal) Inno way In/Underno circumstances Only if etc. e.g. "Ilike chicken." "So do I." Well did he remember the night the earthquake happened. On no occasion was the prisoner allowed to leave his cell. Never had he had such a terrifying experience. Little did he know what his decision would lead to. Note only after, only by, only if, only when, not until/till when placed at the beginning of the sentence for emphasis require the inversion of the subject and the auxiliary verb in the main sentence. e.g. Only after all her quests had left did she wash the dishes. Only by standing on a chair could he reach the shelf Only if you show your passport can you exchange foreign currency. Not til! the last quest had left were we able to relax.== Presentation 14 Structural SS I ._ All her jewels had been taken and her money had gone as well. Not only had all her jewels been taken but also her money. 2. As soon as he was promoted, he started behaving arrogantly. No sooner had he been promoted than he started behaving arrogantly. Hardly/Scarcely had he been promoted when he started behaving arrogantly. He had no idea that the treasure had been hidden in his garden. Little did he know that the treasure had been hidden in his garden. . She danced so much that she couldn't walk afterwards. So much did she dance that she couldn't walk afterwards. . It was such a nice day that we went on an excursion. Such a nice day was it that we went on an excursion. . They finished painting and then they moved into their new house. Only after they had finished painting did they move into their new house. . were you, I would accept his offer. Were | you, ! would accept his offer. . If | had been told earlier, ! would have reacted differently. Had | been told earlier, ! would have reacted differently. If (Should) see him, I'l let you know. Should | see him, I'll let you know, . She didn’t phone me; she didn’t drop me a line either. She didn’t phone me nor did she drop me a line.|She neither phoned me, nor did she drop me a line. |. She won't teil lies for any reason. On no account will she tell lies. . The thief ran away. Away ran the thief! 325 Finish the following sentences without changing the meaning of the sentences printed before them. . He has rarely been more than 5 kilometres away from his home. 3. As soon as the teacher entered the classroom, the students stood up. Nosooner... » Onlyby . had no idea that John was a musician. Little . She had never seen such a terrifying film. Never oa 7. He will not reveal the secret for any reason. Onnoaccount 8. There's no way I can get there by 5 o'clock. Noway . They could only get to the island by hiring a helicopter. 9. Heis a fine tennis player and a good footballer as well. Not... 40. | haven't seen a better painting anywhere. Nowhere, 11. She talks so much that she drives everyone mad. So. 12. If had thought about it, Had. 13. They saw the extent of the damage when they switched on the light. Onlyatter, 14. She remembered wel Well.Presentation 14 — 16. I.can only catch the train if I leave now. Only if. 16. It was only after he had seen her a second time that he realised who she was. Hesawherasecondtime. Only then. 17. He wasn't clever; he didn’t show eagerness to learn either. Hewasn'tclevernor... 18. I've never seen so many people at a party before. Never befor 19. He didn't see the lorry until it was too late, Notunti.. 20. The soldiers marched away. Away. 326 Rewrite the following conditionals using inversion. 1. Ifyou had finished the work, we wouldn't be in such a mess now. 2. Ifyou lend me some money, ll repay you tomorrow. 3. Ifl'dseen you, I'd surely have spoken to you. 4, If lwere you, I'd be cautious in my dealings with that man. 5. Ifyou eat too many chocolates, you're bound to feel sick. 327 Rewrite the sentences using "so" or "such" at the beginning. 1. She looked so ill that the boss sent her home. 2. She had such a hard time getting there that she was exhausted. 3. The children made so much noise that the neighbours complained. 4. It was such a dull film that} almost fell asleep. 5. He was so pleased to get the prize that he didn’t know what to say. 328 Finish the following sentences giving the correct reply. 1. ‘Tmawtullytiredtoday.""So.. 2. “ve never read any ofher books.""*Nor 3. "We'regoingtothe cinema tonight. 4. “wouldn't do that.""Nor... 5. "lcan’tunderstand awordhesays.""Nor 329 Fill in the blanks with a suitable word or phrase practising inversion. e.g. Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard. 1. such a ridiculous song. 2. No than the boss sent her out on an errand. 3. Only . we arrive on time. 4. Under you reveal our plan to our competitors. 5. Rarely such an excellent performance. 235,== Presentation 14 ___— 6. Had.. 7. Never 8. Only after the you wouldn't have agreed to his proposal so quickly. such bad weather as this winter. Board decide to cut expenditure. he be considered fit for the Job. three hotels but also two yachts. They are so rich! 330 Foreach of the sentences below, write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the original, but using the word given. The word must not be altered in any way. e.g. Photography interests me. FIND I find photography interesting. . As soon as she moved in, the neighbours started complaining. SOONER 2. He finished the book and then he switched on the TV. ONLY . We didn't eat at the party; we didn’t drink either. NOR 2 - He lost his job and his wife left him as well. NOT B 5. Were | in your shoes, I'd give it some more thought. iF 6. We had no idea that the holiday would be so expensive. LITTLE 7. Should you hear from him, tell him to ring me. iF 8. She won't join our group for any reason. ACCOUNT 9. Imade mistakes in the composition and in the questions as well. ONLY 40, Had they rung me, I'd have gone with them. iF 11. don't go to the cinema often. RARELY 12. Joan had never seen such beautiful architecture anywhere else. NOWHERE 43. We left the room and then we started laughing. ONLY 14. | haven't met such a rude man before. NEVER 236