21.10.

2019

GIKA 1

MORPHOLOGY ‐ GRAMMAR
LINGUISTICS
phonology, phonetics, semantics, GRAMMAR
SYNTAX, MORPHOLOGY
FORMAL(IST) vs. FUNCTIONAL (communicative, context)
defines elements and describe rules and operations
functionality of elements – key to understanding processes/structures

PRESCRIPTIVE vs. DESCRIPTIVE

MORPHEME
WORD ‐ ROOT – STEM ‐ AFFIX

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VERB
WORD CLASSES (PoS)

OPEN CLASS vs. CLOSED CLASS

CONTENT vs. FUNCTION

LEXICAL vs. AUXILIARY

PRIMARY and MODAL

VERB
GRAMMATICAL CATEGORIES
p,n,t,a,m,v,t …

CONJUGATION

VERB FORM
base, ‐s, ‐ing, ‐ed*
SENTENCE: AFFIRMATIVE – NEGATIVE – INTERROGATIVE 
declarative, imperative, subjunctive

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CORPUS‐BASED (DESCRIPTIVE) GRAMMAR
TEXT – CORPUS – MACHINE PROCESSING – STATISTICS
CONCORDANCE