LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET IN SCIENCE ___7_____

Worksheet No. __2___, Quarter ___3______

Learner’s Name: __________________________________________________________

Grade Level/Section: _______________________ Date: ________________________

L I. LEARNING SKILL

a. Most Essential Learning Competency

Describe the motion of an object in terms of distance or displacement, speed
or velocity and acceleration (S7FE-IIIa-1)

b. Objectives
• Identify changes in motion that produce acceleration;
• Describe the motion of an object in terms of acceleration; and
• Calculate the acceleration of a moving object.

II. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT

Uniform velocity does not always occur in real situations. A car seldom travels at
constant velocity for long. Sometimes, it speeds up, slows down or changes direction. On
a roller coaster ride, passengers experience rapid changes in velocity. What type of motion
do these objects exhibit? How do you describe this type of motion?
In the previous activities you have learned how to describe motion of objects in
terms of its position, distance traveled, speed and velocity. This time, you will learn to
describe the motion of objects in terms of acceleration. Read on and perform the activities
prepared for you in this learning activity sheet.

III. ACTIVITIES

A. Practice Tasks

1. Activity
Directions:
1. Refer to the given motion diagrams of cars in acceleration that are found on the next
page.
2. Each diagram shows the positions of a moving car along the given path at constant
time intervals.
3. Analyze the motion of the car as shown in each diagram.
Hint: The space between two successive dots corresponds to the distance covered by the car in one second.

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 MOTION DIAGRAMS OF CARS IN ACCELERATION

Motion Diagram #1

Motion Diagram #2

Motion Diagram #3

2s

Descriptions of the Motion of Cars in Acceleration

Put a check (√) mark appropriate to the description as shown in each diagram.

Motion Direction
Speed Velocity
Diagram Of Travel
(Car) constant changes constant increases decreases constant changes
1
2
3

2. Analysis
Q1. What is common among the three cars so that each is accelerating (or has an
acceleration)?
Q2. Cite two (2) specific changes in the motion of the cars for them to be considered
accelerating.
Q3. Which car do you think has a positive acceleration? Which has a negative
acceleration?
Hint: An object that speeds up has positive acceleration, while an object that slows down has a negative acceleration.

3. Abstraction
On a jeepney, you have probably experienced “speeding up” when the driver overtakes
another car or “slowing down” when he has to pick up a passenger. In both cases, there was
a change in velocity. The term used to describe this kind of motion is acceleration.
Acceleration is a vector quantity that is defined as the rate at which an object changes
its velocity.

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 An object is accelerating if it is changing its velocity. Since velocity is a speed and a
direction, there are only two ways for an object to accelerate: change the speed or change
direction – or change both.

If an object is speeding up, then it is accelerating and has a positive acceleration. If

it is slowing down, it is also accelerating (or decelerating) and has a negative acceleration.
A negative acceleration is referred as deceleration.
An object moving at a constant speed but rounding a curve or corner is accelerating,
too. Although its speed remains the same, its direction changes when it rounds a curve or
corner. Hence, the velocity of the object changes.
Acceleration can be calculated using the equation:
change in velocity
acceleration =
elapsed time
When the direction is not changing, acceleration may be expressed as the rate at which
speed changes. Hence,
change in speed
acceleration =
elapsed time where:
= acceleration
a
= initial speed
= final speed
= elapsed time

Acceleration measures the change in speed with time. Change in speed is measured
in meters per second (m/s) while time is measured in seconds (s). This gives us the SI unit of
acceleration which is meter per second per second (m/s/s) or meter per second squared
(m/s2).
Other common units of acceleration:
Since acceleration is
cm/s/s or cm/s 2 the ratio of Δv/t, its
units would be speed
units per time units.
km/hr/s mi/hr/s

Examples:
1. A Bicol-bound train travelling at 8 m/s increases its speed to 18 m/s in 5 seconds.
Find its acceleration.
Given: Note that when objects
= 8 m/s a= – speed up, is greater
= 18 m/s t than so
t =5s = 18 m/s – 8 m/s acceleration is positive.
a=? 5s
a = 2 m/s2

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 2. A car moving along a straight road at 10 m/s is stopped at a traffic light within 4
seconds. Calculate the acceleration of the car.
Given:
4.10 m/s Note that when objects
= a= –
slow down, is less
5.
=0 t than so
t 6.
=4s = 0 m/s – 10 m/s acceleration is negative.
a=? 4s
a = - 2.5 m/s2

4. Application

1. A car starts from rest and attains a speed of 40 km/h in 20 seconds. What is its
acceleration in km/h/s?
2. A cyclist going up the Kawakawa Hill at a speed of 5 m/s slows down to 1 m/s in 8
seconds. Find his acceleration.
3. Which will have a higher speed after a minute of travel starting from rest – a car
accelerating at 2 m/s2 or a bus accelerating at 5 m/s2?
4. Give concrete examples of accelerating objects that can be seen in the following
places:
a. on the road b. at an amusement park

B. Assessment

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE
For item # 1-3. Tell whether the given situations involve acceleration. Choose your answer
from the options given below: Write the letter only.
A. Acceleration occurred because speed increased.
B. Acceleration occurred because speed decreased.
C. Acceleration occurred because direction changed.
D. Acceleration did not occur because neither speed nor direction changed.
SITUATIONS:
1. You are riding your bike at 5 km/h. Five minutes later, your speed is 8 km/h.
2. You ride your bike around village at a constant speed of 9 km/h.
3. You ride your bike in a straight line at a constant speed of 10 km/h.

4. Which diagram shows the motion of a car with a negative acceleration?

https://www.physicsclassroom.com/reviews/1D-Kinematics/Kinematics-Review-Answers-3

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 5. The figure below depicts a trail of bean bags that was left by a student who was
riding on a tricycle in the direction shown by the arrow. The student dropped a bean
bag each second that the tricycle was moving.

Which of the following descriptions regarding the motion of the tricycle depicted in the
figure is correct?
A. The tricycle has zero acceleration.
B. The tricycle has positive acceleration.
C. The tricycle has negative acceleration.
D. Cannot decide from the data.

B. PROBLEM SOLVING (Write your complete solution.)

1. A ball rolling in a straight line slows down from 150 cm/s to 50 cm/s in 10 s. What is its
acceleration?

V. REFERENCES

K-12 Grade 7 Science Learner’s Module

Region V Contextualized and Inquiry Based DLP in Science 7, Q3W1D4
Hewitt, Paul G. (2006). Conceptual Physics 10th ed. Pearson Addison Wesley, New York.
What is acceleration? https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/one-dimensional-
motion/acceleration-tutorial/a/acceleration-article

VI. SUGGESTED SUPPLEMENTAL

LEARNING RESOURCE MATERIALS

Acceleration. https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/1DKin/Lesson-1/Acceleration

“Physics - What Is Acceleration | Motion | Velocity | Don't Memorise.”

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vxFYfumAAlY.

SDO Ligao City Development Team

Prepared by:
Aster L. Malto, Ligao National High School

Quality Assured by:

Kenneth M. De la Fuente, Deogracias P. Princesa Memorial High School
Carlo Magno P. Pamorada, Ligao National High School
Marissa O. Co, Ligao National High School
Jocelyn P. Navera, Education Program Supervisor