Pearson IIT Foundation Series - Mathematics Practice Book Class 7

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CLASS
7
Pearson IIT Foundation Series
Mathematics Practice Book
First Edition
Trishna Knowledge Systems

Copyright © 2018 Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd
Published by Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd, CIN: U72200TN2005PTC057128, formerly known as
TutorVista Global Pvt. Ltd, licensee of Pearson Education in South Asia.
No part of this eBook may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the publisher’s prior written consent.
This eBook may or may not include all assets that were part of the print version. The publisher reserves the right to
remove any material in this eBook at any time.
ISBN 978-93-528-6766-0
eISBN 978-93-530-6191-3
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Contents
Prefacevii CHAPTER 5 Mensuration5.1
How to Use the Practice Book ix
Assessment Test I 5.1
Series Chapter Flow x Assessment Test II 5.4
Assessment Test III 5.6
CHAPTER 1 Equations and Their Assessment Test IV 5.9
Applications1.1 Answer Keys 5.11
Assessment Test I 1.1 CHAPTER 6 Number System6.1

Assessment Test II 1.3
Assessment Test III 1.5 Assessment Test I 6.1
Assessment Test IV 1.8 Assessment Test II 6.3
Answer Keys 1.10 Assessment Test III 6.5
Assessment Test IV 6.7
Answer Keys 6.9
CHAPTER 2 Expressions and Special
Products2.1 CHAPTER 7 Ratios and Their
Applications7.1
Assessment Test II 2.3 Assessment Test I 7.1
Assessment Test III 2.5 Assessment Test II 7.3
Answer Keys 7.4
Answer Keys 2.9
CHAPTER 8 Time and Work, Time and
CHAPTER 3 Geometry3.1 Distance8.1
Assessment Test I 3.1 Assessment Test I 8.1

Assessment Test II 3.3 Assessment Test II 8.4
Assessment Test III 3.5 Answer Keys 8.6
CHAPTER 9 Statistics and
Answer Keys 3.10
Set Theory 9.1
CHAPTER 4 Indices4.1 Assessment Test I 9.1

Assessment Test I 4.1 Assessment Test III 9.5
Assessment Test II 4.3 Assessment Test IV 9.8
Assessment Test III 4.5 Answer Keys 9.10
Answer Keys 4.9 Hints and Explanations A.1

Preface
Pearson IIT Foundation Practice Book Series is designed to accompany the course-books available
in this series. Developed by a team of experienced faculties, this workbook series connects
the subjective knowledge to its real world applications through various text and chapter level
problems. Each chapter has a set of assessment tests which are mapped to chapters covered in
the course-book. These worksheets will guide students step-by-step towards understanding the
central concept of that particular chapter. These tests are recommended as after class material for
further practice.
Any suggestions for added or updated additional readings would also be welcome. Students can
share their feedback at reachus@pearson.com.

How to Use the Practice Book
Many times, students face significant challenges in answering application level questions in Physics, Chemistry
and Mathematics. These Practice Books will enhance their problem-solving skill which will definitely lead to a
strong subject foundation. The entire practice book series are recommended to be used alongside IIT Foundation
course-books.
Students can refer the following steps while using the practice books:
Study
chapters from
IIT Foundation
Course-books
Complete
Solve the
remaining
chapter-end
Assessment
exercises
Tests
Solve one
Check self Assessment
progress Test related to
the chapter
While preparing for Foundation courses, students need to learn the fundamental concepts with utmost clarity. In
order to successfully complete the IIT Foundation course, one must prepare profoundly. Consistent hard work,
practice and perseverance are needed throughout the year.
During any competitive examination, one must exercise clinical precision with speed since the average time
available to respond to a question is hardly a minute. The aspirants should be conceptually excellent in the subject
owing to the negative marking in the examination. A better practice to solve the paper would be to go for the
easiest questions first and then gradually progress to the more complicated ones.
Regular practice of MCQs will assist the aspirants in preparing for the examination. In a nutshell, hard work,
conceptual clarity and self-assessment are the essential ingredients to achieve success in competitive examinations.
IIT Foundation course-books play an important role in understanding the concepts. Student need to read-up on
all concepts/theories in a regular and systematic manner.

Course-book Chapter Flow
Class 7
Expressions and
Special Products Indices
1 3 5
2 4
Number Systems Ratio and Geometry
Its Applications
Statistics Equations and their Applications
10 8 6
9 7
Set Theory Formulae Mensuration
Class 9
Linear Equations
Logarithms and Inequations
1 3 5
2 4
Number Polynomials and Square Roots Quadratic Expressions
Systems of Algebraic Expressions and Equations
Geometry Probability Significant Figures Sets and Relations
11 9 7
12 10 8 6
Banking and Statistics Matrices
Computing
Percentages, Profit and Loss,

Mensuration Locus Discount, and Partnership 18
14 16
13 15 17 Sales Tax and Cost
Coordinate Trigonometry of Living Index
Geometry
Time and Work Ratio, Proportion and Variation
23 21 19
22 20
Time and Distance Shares and Simple Interest and
Dividends Compound Interest

Course-book Chapter Flow xi
Class 8
Squares and Square Polynomials,
Roots and Cubes and LCM and HCF of
Cube Roots Polynomials
1 3 5
2 4
Real Numbers and Indices Formulae
LCM and HCF
Simple Interest and
Compound Interest Percentages
10 8 6
9 7
Time and Work, Profit and Loss, Ratio, Proportion
Pipes and Cisterns Discount and Partnership and Variation
Linear Equations
and Inequations Statistics Geometry
11 13 15 17
12 14 16
Time and Distance Sets Matrices Mensuration
Class 10
Polynomials and Quadratic Equations Sets, Relations
Rational Expressions and Inequalities and Functions
1 3 5
2 4 6
Number Linear Equations Statements
Systems in Two Variables
Mensuration Statistics Matrices Trigonometry
13 11 9 7
14 12 10 8
Geometry Remainder and Limits Progressions
Factor Theorems
Mathematical Induction Linear Permutations and
and Binomial Theorem Programming Combinations
15 17 19
16 18 20
Coordinate Modular Arithmetic Computing
Geometry
Partial Fractions Instalments Banking

27 25 23 21
26 24 22
Logarithms Shares and Dividends Taxation Probability

Equations and Their
Applications 1
Reference: Coursebook - IIT Foundation Mathematics Class 7; Chapter - Equations and Their Applications; pp. 7.1–7.9
Assessment Test I Time: 30 min.
Directions for questions 1 to 11: Select the correct answer from the given options. Space for rough work
1. The Sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is given by:
n
Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d]. The following are the steps involved in making d as the
2
subject of the formula. Arrange them in sequential order.
2S
(A) 2a + (n − 1)d = n
n
2  Sn 
(B) d = − a
n − 1  n 
n
(C) Sn = [2a + (n − 1)d] ⇒ 2Sn = n[2a + (n − 1)d]
2
2S
(D) (n − 1)d = n − 2a
n
(a) CDAB (b) CADB (c) ACDB (d) CABD
1 1 1
2. If = + , then what is the value of u?
f u v
fv f −v
(a) (b)
f −v fv
fv v− f
(c) (d)
v− f fv
3. Frame the formula from the following table and make x as the subject of the
formula:
x 3 5 7 9 11
y 5 9 13 17 21
y −1
(a) x = (b) x = 2y − 1
2
y y +1
(c) x = − 1 (d) x =
2 2
M01_IIT-FOUNDATION_XXXX_CH01.indd 1 4/13/2018 5:23:19 PM

1.2 Chapter 1 Equations and Their Applications
If A = p (R2 − r2), then which of the following is true?

4. Space for rough work
A 2 A
R=
(a) + r (b)
r= − R2
p p
A
R=
(c) +r (d) Both (a) and (b)
p
If 84 is divided into two parts such that one part is one-third of the other,
5.
then what is the larger part?
(a) 61 (b) 63 (c) 56 (d) 59
2 3 35
If
6. + = , then what is the value of x?
x x 4
5 7 4 11
(a) (b) (c) (d)
11 4 7 5
If three-fourth of a number exceeds one-third of the number by 65, then find

7.
the number.
(a) 134 (b) 142 (c) 143 (d) 156
If 0.6 (4x - 3) - 0.8 (2x + 4) = 1.4, then find the value of x.

8.
(a) 8 (b) 7 (c) 6 (d) 5
The present age of a father is twice that of his son. 15 years ago, the age of father
9.
was thrice that of his son. What will be the present age of father (in years)?
(a) 40 (b) 50 (c) 60 (d) 70
10. In a two-digit number, the unit’s digit is 2 more than that of the ten’s digit.
The sum of the digits is 27 less than the number. Find the product of the
digits of the number.
(a) 8 (b) 15 (c) 24 (d) 35
11. Which of the following is a solution of 5x - 1 < 3x + 7?

(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 6
Directions for questions 12 to 15: Match the values of Column A with those of
Column B.
Column A Column B
k − ab
12. a = k(b - c) (a) c =
a
k a + ck
13. a = (b) b =
b+c k
b−c a − bk
14. a = (c) c =
k k
15. a = k (b + c) (d) b = ak + c
M01_IIT-FOUNDATION_XXXX_CH01.indd 2 4/10/2018 11:56:34 AM

Assessment Test II Time: 30 min. Space for rough work
Directions for questions 1 to 11: Select the correct answer from the given options.
The total surface area of a cuboidal box is given by:

1.
A = 2 (ℓb + bh + ℓh). The following are the steps involved in making b as the
subject of the formula. Arrange them in sequential order.
A
(A) - ℓh = ℓb + bh
2
A
(B) A = 2(ℓb + bh + ℓh) ⇒ = ℓb + bh + ℓh
2
A − 2lh
(C) b=
2 (l + h )
A − 2lh
b(ℓ + h) =
(D)
2
(a) BDAC (b) DBAC (c) BCAD (d) BADC
If S =
2.
(100 + g ) C, then g = ______.
100
100 S − C 100 (S − 1)
(a) (b)
100 C
100 (S − C ) 100 (S − C )
(c) (d)
C 100
Find the relation between x and y from the given table:

3.
x 97° 125° 84° 48° 136° 65°
y 83° 55° 96° 132° 44° 115°
x = 90° - y (b)
(a) x = 180° - y
x = 120° - y (d)
(c) x = 90° + y
1 2
If S = ut +
4. at , then which of the following is false?
2
2(S − ut) 2S − at2
a=
(a) (b)
u =
t2 2t
2S
t=
(c) (d) 2S - 2ut = at2
2u + a
If 175 is divided into two parts such that twice the first part is equal to thrice
5.
the second part, then find the second part.
(a) 60 (b) 65 (c) 70 (d) 75

5 7 72 Space for rough work

If
6. + = , then what is the value of x?
2 x 2 x 11
11 12 11 6
(a) (b) (c) (d)
12 11 6 11
If three-fifth of a number is subtracted from two-third of the number, then

7.
the result is 35. Find the number.
(a) 500 (b) 525 (c) 550 (d) 575
If 3(4 - 0.7x) - 5(2 - 0.4x) = 12, then what is the value of x?

8.
(a) −100 (b) 100 (c) −50 (d) 50
The present age of A is thrice the present age of B. Eight years hence, the age
9.
of A will be twice that of B. What is the present age of B (in years)?
(a) 12 (b) 10 (c) 9 (d) 8
10. In a two-digit number, the ten’s digit is 2 more than the unit’s digit. If the
sum of the digits is 36 less than the number, then find the product of the
digits of the number.
(a) 8 (b) 15 (c) 24 (d) 35
11. Which of the following is a solution of 12x - 5 > 8x + 3?

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
Column B.
Column A Column B
xyz
12. xy + zx = k - yz (a) k =
x−y
k xyz
13. yz - ky = (b) k =
x xy + 1
k k k − zx
14. = -z (c) y =
x y x+z
kx
15. xyz = kx - y (d) y =
xz + 1

Assessment Test III Time: 30 min. Space for rough work
8x + 7 3x + 7
1. The following are the steps involved in solving the equation +
= 2. Arrange them in sequential order. 15 10
(A) The LCM of 15 and 10 is 30.
(B) 25x + 35 = 60
8x + 7 3x + 7
(C) Given + =2
15 10
2(8 x + 7 ) + 3(3 x + 7 )
(D) =2
30
(E) x=1
(a) CEADB (b) CBADE
(c) CADBE (d) CDAEB
3 5
Solve for x:
2. + = 2.
x x
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 2
x x x
Solve for x:
3. + + = 7.
2 4 8
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 8
The sum of a two-digit number and the number formed by reversing the
4.
digits is always divisible by ______.
(a) 9 (b) 11
(c) 15 (d) 20
If x − 3 < 2 and x ∈W, then which of the following values of x satisfy the
5.
given conditions?
(a) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} (b) {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
(c) {1, 2, 3, 4} (d) {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}
Which of the following values satisfies 2x + 3 > −8?

6.
(a) −7 (b) −6 (c) −5 (d)
−8
3x
Solve for x:
7. − 18 ≤ 12 − x, x ∈ Q.
7
x ≤ 21
(a) (b) x ≤ 22 (c) x ≤ 23 (d) x ≤ 24
Find the relation between x and y from the given table:

8.
x 60° 75° 107° 48° 90°
y 120° 105° 73° 132° 90°

y = 2x (b)
(a) y − x = 30° Space for rough work
x + y = 180° (d)
(c) x=y
PTR
If I =
9. , then which of the following is/are true?
100
100 I 100 I 100 I 100T 100 I 100 I 100 I 100T
(a) R= (b) T=
PT PR TR PI PT PR TR PI
100 I 100 I 100 I 100T
(c) P= (d) All of these
PT PR TR PI
(100 + g ) C
10. Given that S = , S = 495 and C = `450, then what is the value of g?
100
(a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 15 (d) 20
n(n + 1) (2n + 1)
11. The number of squares of n × n network is given by .
6
The number of squares in the 5 × 5 network is ______.
(a) 45 (b) 50 (c) 55 (d) 60
12. The symbolic form of “The TSA (A) of a cuboid is twice the sum of the prod-
ucts of length (l), breadth (b), and height (h) taken two at a time” is ______.
(a) A = 2 (lb + bh + lh) (b) A = 2 (l + b) (b + h) (l + h)
(c) A = 2h (l + b) (d) A = 2 lbh
13. Read the following table:

a 3 6 5 9
b 4 8 12 40
c 5 10 13 41
Which of the following is true about a, b, and c?
(a) a2 + c2 = b2 (b) a2 + b2 = c2
(c) b +c =a
2 2 2 (d) a2 + b2 = 2c2
14. Solve for x: 3x + 2 = 7x - 38.

(a) −5 (b) −1 (c) 5 (d) 10
15. Match the values of Column A with those of Column B.

Column A Column B
(Formula) (Number of Auxiliary Formula)
(i) v = lbh (A) 4
(ii) A = r2 (B) 3
1 1 1
(iii) = + (C) 2
f u v
1
(iv) x = + cd (D) 1
ab

(a) (i) → (B), (ii) → (D), (iii) → (C), (iv) → (A) Space for rough work
(b) (i) → (B), (ii) → (C), (iii) → (D), (iv) → (A)
(c) (i) → (C), (ii) → (D), (iii) → (B), (iv) → (A)
(d) (i) → (A), (ii) → (B), (iii) → (D), (iv) → (C)

Assessment Test IV Time: 30 min. Space for rough work
1. The following are the steps involved in solving the inequation 3x + 4 > 5x − 12,
x ∈ W. Arrange them in sequential order.
(A) 3x − 5x > −12 − 4
(B) x ∈ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}
(C) − 2x > − 16
(D) 3x + 4 > 5x − 12, x ∈ W
(E) x < 8, x ∈ W
(a) DAECB (b) DACEB
(c) ADECB (d) ADCEB
9 6 1
Solve for x:
2. − = .
x x 3
1 1
(a) (b)
9 6
(c) 6 (d) 9
x x x
Solve for x:
3. − + = 5.
5 10 15
(a) 30 (b) 60 (c) 90 (d) 120
The difference between a two-digit number and the number formed by

4.
reversing the digits is always divisible by ______.
(a) 9 (b) 11
(c) 12 (d) 15
If x + 2 ≥ 2, and x ∈ N, then which of the following values of x satisfies the

5.
given conditions?
(a) {0, 1, 2, 3, ...} (b) {1, 2, 3, ...}
(c) {..., 3, −2, −1, 0} (d) {..., −3, −2, −1}
Which of the following values satisfy 3x − 2 ≤ 4?

6.
(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 3
Solve for x: 2.5x + 22 > x + 7, x ∈ Q.

7.
(a) x > −12 (b) x > −15
(c) x < −12 (d) x > −10
Find the relation between a and b from the given table.

8.
a 20 30 120 24
b 60 40 10 50

b = 3
(a) (b) 4a = 3b Space for rough work
a
a = 12b (d)
(c) ab = 1200
If d = st, then which of the following is true?

9.
dt
(a) = 1 (b) t = ds
s
d
(c) s = (d) s = dt
t
100S
10. Given that C = , C = `500 and ℓ = 20, then S = ______.
(100 − l)
(a)
`400 (b)
`450 (c)
`300 (d)
`350
n (n − 3)
11. The number of diagonals of an n-sided convex polygon is given by .
2
The number of diagonals of a decagon is ______.
(a) 30 (b) 35 (c) 40 (d) 45
12. The symbolic form of “The area (A) of a circular ring is p times the difference
of squares of outer radius (R) and inner radius (r)” is ______.
(a) A = p (R − r2) (b) A = p (R2 − r)
(c) A = p (R − r)2 (d) A = p (R2 − r2)
13. Read the following table:

x 3 7 9 15
y 5 8 10 15
z 16 30 38 60
Which of the following is true for x, y, and z?

(a) xy + 1 = z (b) z = 4x = 4y
(c) 2(x + y) = z (d) x+y=z
14. Solve for x: 8x − 4 = 3x − 29

(a) −5 (b) −10 (c) 5 (d) 10
Column A Column B
(i) x − y = 80° (A) x = 80°; y = 50°
(ii) x + y = 120° (B) x = 60°; y = 30°
(iii) 2x + y = 150° (C) x = 70°; y = 50°
(iv) x + 2y = 180 (D) x = 110°; y = 30°

(a) (i) → (D), (ii) → (C), (iii) → (A), (iv) → (B) Space for rough work
(b) (i) → (D), (ii) → (C), (iii) → (B), (iv) → (A)
(c) (i) → (B), (ii) → (D), (iii) → (C), (iv) → (A)
(d) (i) → (C), (ii) → (D), (iii) → (A), (iv) → (B)
Answer Keys
Assessment Test I
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (b)
11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (d) 15. (c)
Assessment Test II
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (a)
11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (d)
Assessment Test III

1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (b)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (d) 15. (a)
Assessment Test IV
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (d) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (b)

Expressions and
Special Products 2
Reference: Coursebook - IIT Foundation Mathematics Class 7; Chapter - Expressions and Special Products; pp. 2.1–2.13
1. The following are the steps involved in factorizing x2 − y2 − z2 + 2yz. Arrange
them in sequential order.
(A) x2 − (y2 + z2 − 2yz)
(B) x2 − y2 − z2 + 2yz
(C) (x + y − z) (x − y + z)
(D) x2 − (y − z)2
(a) ABCD (b) BACD
(c) BCAD (d) BADC
2. If A = 4x3 − 6x2 + 5 and B = 2x3 + 3x2 + 5x, then find the value of A − 2B.
(a) 0 (b) 5x
(c) 10x − 5 (d) 5 − 10x − 12x2
3. If P = x2 − 2x + 3 and Q = x2 − 5, then what is the value of PQ.

(a) x4 − 2x3 + 3x2 − 15 (b) x4 − 2x3 − 2x2 + 10x − 2
(c) x − 2x + 3x + 10x − 15
4 3 2 (d) x4 − 2x3 − 2x2 + 10x − 15
x2 3x 4 3 x 8 x2 4 3 x 2 x2
4. If A = − + , B= − + , and C = − − , then find the value
3 4 5 4 5 3 5 4 3
of A + B + C.
4 x2
(a) (b)
5 3
−3 x
(c) (d) 0
4
5. Solve for: (x + a) (x + b) + (x − b) (a − x)
(a) (a + b)x (b) 2abx
(c) 2(a + b)x (d) 2x2 + ab
6. Simplify: (x + 2y)2 − (x − 2y)2

(a) 4xy (b) 8xy
(c) x2 + y2 (d) 2x2 + 4y2

2.2 Chapter 2 Expressions and Special Products
(x + 2) (x + 6) (x - 4) = ______
(a) x3 - 4x2 + 12x - 48 (b) x3 + 4x2 - 20x - 24
(c) x3 + 4x2 - 20x - 48 (d) x3 - 4x2 - 20x - 48
1 1
If x +
8. = 3, then find the value of x4 + 4 .
x x
(a) 81 (b) 47 (c) 27 (d) 3
Which of the following is a factor of xy + x - y - 1?

9.
(a) x + 1 (b) y+1
(c) x + y (d) x–y
10. The HCF of 27x4y2z and 36x3y4 is ______.

(a) 27x3y2z (b) 9x4y2z
(c) 27x3y2 (d) 9x3y2
11. Find the quotient when 8x4 - 6x2 + 3x - 5 is divided by (x - 1).

(a) 8x3 - 3x2 + 5x + 5 (b) 8x3 + 2x2 + 5x + 1
(c) 8x3 + 8x2 - 2x + 5 (d) 8x3 + 8x2 + 2x + 5
Column B.
Column A Column B
12. (2x - 3y)2 (a) 6x2 + 5xy - 6y2
13. (3x - 2y)2 (b) 9x2 - 12xy + 4y2
14. (3x + 2y) (3x - y) (c) 9y2 - 12xy + 4x2
15. (2x + 3y) (3x - 2y) (d) 9x2 + 3xy - 2y2

The following are the steps involved in factorizing xy + ab + ay + bx. Arrange

1.
(A) (x + a)y + (a + x)b
(B) xy + ab + ay + bx
(C) (x + a) (y + b)
(D) xy + ay + ab + bx
(a) BDAC (b) BCDA
(c) BADC (d) BACD
If P = 6x3 - 7x2 + 3x - 8 and Q = 3x3 - 3x2 - 2x - 4, then find the value of P

2.
- 2Q.
(a) x2 + 7x (b) 7x - x2
(c) x3 - x2 + 7x (d) x3 - x2 + 7x - 16
If A = 2x2 - 3x + 5 and B = 3x2 - 2, then what is the value of AB.

3.
(a) 6x4 - 13x3 + 11x2 - 6x - 10 (b) 6x4 - 9x3 + 11x2 + 6x + 10
(c) 6x - 9x - 19x + 6x - 10
4 3 2 (d) 6x4 - 9x3 + 11x2 + 6x - 10
x2 2 x 7 2 x 7 x2 7 x2 2 x
If K =
4. + − ,L= + + , and M = − − , then find the value
5 3 2 3 2 5 2 5 3
of K + L + M.
7 2 x x2 x2 2 x 7
(a) + − (b) − +
2 3 5 5 3 2
2 x 7 x2 x 2 2x 7
(c) + + (d) − −
3 2 5 5 3 2
Solve for: (x + a) (x - b) + (b - x) (a + x)
5.
(a) x2 - 2bx (b) 2ab + bx
(c) 2bx - 2ab (d) 0
Simplify: (2x + 3y)2 + (3x - 2y)2

6.
(a) 8x2 + 18y2 (b) 4x2 + 9y2
(c) 13x2 + 13y2 (d) 13x2 + 24xy + 13y2
(x + 3) (x - 5) (x + 7) = ______
7.
(a) x3 + 5x2 - 29x - 105 (b) x3 - 5x2 + 29x + 105
(c) x3 + 5x2 - 29x + 105 (d) x3 - 5x2 - 29x - 105

1 1 Space for rough work

If x -
8. = 2, then find the value of x4 + .
2x 16 x4
1 1
(a) 19 (b) 24
2 2
1 1
(c) 27 (d) 31
2 2
Which of the following is a factor of x2 - x + y - y2?

9.
(a) x + y (b) x-y+1
(c) x + y -1 (d) x+y+1
10. The HCF of 36x4 y3 z2, 24x2 y4 z3, and 32x3 y5 z3 is ________.
(a) 4x2 y3 z3 (b) 4x2 y3 z2
(c) 4x3 y3 z3 (d) 8x2 y2 z2
11. Find the quotient when 4x4 - 6x3 + 5x2 - 15 is divided by x + 1.

(a) 4x3 - 10x2 + 15x - 15 (b) 4x3 - 6x2 + 5x - 15
(c) 4x - 6x + 5x + 15
3 2 (d) 4x3 - 10x2 - 15x + 15
Column B.
Column A Column B
12. (ax + by) (bx - ay) (a) abx2 + (a2 - b2)xy - aby2
13. (ax + by) (ay - bx) (b) aby2 + (a2 - b2)xy - abx2
14. (ax - by) (bx - ay) (c) abx2 + (b2 - a2)xy - aby2
15. (ax - by) (bx + ay) (d) abx2 - (a2 + b2)xy + aby2

1 3
If x -
1. = , then the following are the steps involved in finding the value of
x 2
4 ( x2 − 1)2
. Arrange them in sequential order.
x2
4 ( x2 − 1)2 1 3
(A) 2 = 9 (B)
x- =
x x 2
( x2 − 1)2 9 x2 − 1 3
(C) 2 = (D) =
x 4 x 2
(a) BCDA (b) DBAC
(c) BDAC (d) BDCA
Find the value of the expression 2x3 - x2 - 3, when x = 3.

2.
(a) 66 (b) 52 (c) 32 (d) 42
5
The zero of 5x -
3. is ________.
2
1 1 2 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 5 5 2
If A = 2x2 - 3x - 5 and B = x2 - 4x - 7, then what is the value of A + B?

4.
(a) x2 + x + 2 (b) 3x2 - x -12
(c) 3x2 - 7x + 12 (d) 3x2 - 7x - 12
How much is x3 - 3x2 - 4 less than 5x2 - 3x3 + 5?

5.
(a) 4x3 - 8x2 - 9 (b) -4x3 + 8x2 + 9
(c) - 4x3 + 8x2 - 9 (d) 4x3 - 8x2 + 9
The HCF of (x2 - 4) (x + 2) and (x + 2)2 (x3 - 8) is ________.

6.
(a) (x + 2) (x2 - 4) (b) (x + 2) (x - 2)
(c) (x - 2) (x + 2)
2 (d) (x3 - 8) (x + 2)
4 a + 5b
If a:b = 2:3, then
7. = ________.
6a + 7b
23 21 19 17
(a) (b) (c) (d)
33 27 25 23
If the sum of three numbers is 180 and their ratio is 2:3:4, then what is the
8.
larger number?
(a) 20 (b) 60 (c) 80 (d) 100

Solve for: 37% of 63 + 63% of 63.

(a) 63 (b) 67 (c) 71 (d) 77
10. In a class of 40 students, 30 are girls. What percentage of the number boys is
the number of girls?
1
(a) 62 % (b) 75%
2
1
(c) 133 % (d) 300%
3
11. In how many years will a certain sum become five times itself at 10% per
annum under simple interest?
(a) 50 (b) 40 (c) 15 (d) 20
12. The ratio of A’s expenditure to his savings is 3:2 and that of B is 4:5. If B’s
expenditure is two-third of A’s expenditure and the sum of their savings
`45,000, then find the salary of B (in `).
(a) 60,000 (b) 55,000
(c) 50,000 (d) 45,000
13. Alok scored 78, 90, 96, 93, 84, and 87 in six different subjects. The maximum
mark in each subject is 110. What is the average percentage of his scores?
(a) 85% (b) 80% (c) 75% (d) 70%
14. Praneeth purchased a new car for `7,50,000. After 2 years, he sold the car for
20% less than the original price. Find the selling price of the car.
(a)
`4,00,000 (b)
`5,00,000
(c)
`6,00,000 (d)
`6,50,000

Column A Column B
1 1
(i) (A) 33 %
5 3
1
(ii) (B) 25%
4
1
(iii) (C) 50%
3
1
(iv) (D) 20%
2
(a) (i) → (D); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (B); (iv) → (C)
(b) (i) → (D); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (C)
(c) (i) → (D); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (A)
(d) (i) → (D); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (B); (iv) → (A)

1 10
If y +
1. = , then the following are the steps involved in finding the value
y 3
of 9(y2 + 1)2 - 100y2. Arrange them in sequential order.
( y2 + 1)2 100
(A) (B) 9(y2 + 1)2 - 100y2 = 0
=
y2 9
y2 + 1 10 1 10
(C) = (D) y+ =
y 3 y 3
(a) DCAB (b) DBCA
(c) CBAD (d) DABC
If x = -3, then what is the value of x4 - x3 - x2 + 3?

2.
(a) 45 (b) 75 (c) 102 (d) 111
The zero of 6x2 - 216 is ________.

3.
(a) -6 (b) 6
(c) Either (a) or (b) (d) 0
If A = x2 - x + 1 and B = -x2 + x + 1, then find the value of A - B.

4.
(a) 2x2 - 2x (b) 2x2
(c) -2x - 2 (d) 2
What should be added to x3 + xy2 - 2x2y + y3 to get 4xy2 + 3x2y - 3x3 - 5y3?
5.
(a) 2x3 - 5xy2 - x2y + 4y3 (b) -4x3 - 3xy2 - 5x2y + 6y3
(c) -4x3 + 3xy2 + 5x2y - 6y3 (d) -2x3 + 5xy2 + x2y - 4y3
Find the HCF of (x + 3)3 (x - 2)4 and (x - 2)2 (x + 3)2.

6.
(a) (x + 3) (x - 2) (b) (x + 3)3 (x - 2)4
(c) (x - 2)2 (x + 3)3 (d) (x + 3)2 (x - 2)2
8x − 3 y
If x:y = 1:2, then
7. = ________.
3 y + 2y
2 3 3 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 7 5 7
If the ratio of the ages of two persons is 4:7 and the sum of their ages is 132
8.
years, then find the age of the younger person (in years).
(a) 44 (b) 48 (c) 52 (d) 64

Solve for: 87% of 78 + 78% of 13.

(a) 78 (b) 87 (c) 91 (d) 103
10. In a class, there are 12 boys and 24 girls. What percentage of the number of
girls is the number of boys?
(a) 50% (b) 100%
(c) 200% (d) 400%
11. In how many years will a certain sum becomes four times itself at 15% per
annum under simple interest?
(a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 15 (d) 20
12. The ratio of Krishna’s expenditure to his savings is 2:3 and that of Ram’s is
3
3:2. If Krishna’s savings are times those of Ram’s and the sum of their total
2
savings is `50,000, then what is the salary of Ram?
(a) `40,000 (b) `45,000
(c) `50,000 (d) `55,000
13. Nadeem scored 88, 69, 89, 95 and 94 in five different subjects. The maximum
marks in each subject is 145. What is the average percentage of his scores?
(a) 75% (b) 70%
(c) 65% (d) 60%
14. Kamal purchased a site for `12,00,000. After 5 years, he sold the site at a 60%
profit. Find the selling price of the site.
(a) `19,20,000 (b) `18,40,000
(c) `17,60,000 (d) `16,80,000
15. Match the values of Column A with those of Column B, where the principles
and interests are the same.
Column A Column B
(i) Rate = 20% (A) Time = 20 years
(ii) Rate = 10% (B) Time = 5 years
(iii) Rate = 25% (C) Time = 10 years
(iv) Rate = 5% (D) Time = 4 years
(a) (i) → (B); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (A)

(b) (i) → (D); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (B)
(c) (i) → (B); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (A)
(d) (i) → (D); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (B); (iv) → (C)

Answer Keys 2.9
Answer Keys
Assessment Test I
1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (d)
11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (d) 15. (a)
Assessment Test II
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (b)
11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (d) 15. (a)
Assessment Test III

1. (d) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (a) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (d)
11. (b) 12. (d) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (b)
Assessment Test IV
1. (a) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (a)
11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (c)

Geometry
3
Reference: Coursebook - IIT Foundation Mathematics Class 7; Chapter - Geometry; pp. 5.1–5.32
Directions for questions 1 to 11: Select the correct alternative from the given choices. Space for rough work
1. Arrange the following steps in a sequential order, which are involved in the
construction of the circumcircle for triangle ABC.
(A) Draw the perpendicular bisectors of the sides of the triangle.
(B) Draw triangle ABC with the given measurements.
(C) Let the point of intersection of the perpendicular bisectors be ‘S’.
(D) Draw the circle with centre S and the radius R.
(E) Let AS = BS = CS = R
(a) BCDEA (b) BACED
(c) CABED (d) BEACD
2. If the measures of angles of a triangle are in the ratio 2:3:4, then what is the
measure of the greatest angle?
(a) 76° (b) 84° (c) 72° (d) 80°
3. Find the interior angle of a regular polygon of 15 sides.

(a) 156° (b) 160° (c) 150° (d) 144°
4. The length of two sides of a triangle ABC are 6 cm and 10 cm, respectively.
What can be the length of third side?
(a) 4 cm (b) 18 cm (c) 15 cm (d) 3 cm
5. In an equilateral triangle, the length of a median is 6 cm. What is the length

of its circumradius?
(a) 2 cm (b) 4 cm (c) 5 cm (d) 6 cm
6. A student observed a quadrilateral in which the diagonals are perpendicu-

lar to each other and it satisfies all the properties of a rectangle. What type
of the quadrilateral is it?
(a) Rectangle (b) Rhombus
(c) Square (d) Parallelogram

3.2 Chapter 3 Geometry
In a parallelogram ABCD, if ∠ACB = 50° and ∠BAC = 35°, then what is the
measure of ∠ADC?
(a) 85° (b) 95° (c) 100° (d) 80°
In an isosceles trapezium PQRS, if PQ || RS and ∠QRS = 108°, then find the

8.
measure of ∠RSP.
(a) 108° (b) 72° (c) 100° (d) 92°
In a rhombus REMO, if ∠REO = 35°, then find the measure of ∠EMO.

9.
(a) 110° (b) 70° (c) 35° (d) 145°
10. In a parallelogram LOCK, if ∠OLC = 35° and ∠OKC = 45°, then what is the
total value of ∠LCO + ∠KOC?
(a) 70° (b) 110° (c) 100° (d) 80°
11. Read the following statements, and state which of them are true and false.
(i) In a circle, a chord can be a diameter.
(ii) In a circle, the length of a chord can be equal to the length of its radius.
(iii) All chords of a circle will intersect at the centre.
(a) All of these (b) Only (i)
(c) Only (i) and (ii) (d) Only (ii) and (iii)
Directions for questions 12 to 15: Match the statements of Column A with the values
of Column B.
Column A Column B
(Geometrical figure) (Number of lines of symmetry)
12. Two circles of distinct (a) 0
radii touching externally
13. Equilateral triangle (b) 1
(c) 2
14. Rhombus
15. Square (d) 3
(e) 4

Directions for questions 1 to 11: Select the correct alternative from the given choices.
Arrange the following steps in a sequential order, which are involved in the
1.
construction of the incircle for triangle ABC.
(A) Draw triangle ABC.
(B) Draw the circle with I as centre and ID as radius.
(C) Draw the angle bisectors of ∠A, ∠B, and ∠C.
(D) Let the point of concurrence of the angle bisectors be I.
(E) Let D be a point on any of the sides such that ID is perpendicular to the side.
(a) ACDEB (b) ABCDE
(c) EADCD (d) ACDBE
If the measures of the angles of a quadrilateral are in the ratio 2:3:3:4, then
2.
what is the measure of the greatest angle?
(a) 120° (b) 100° (c) 140° (d) 90°
Find the sum of the interior angles of a polygon of 12 sides.

3.
(a) 1540° (b) 1200° (c) 1800° (d) 1600°
If two sides of a triangle are 2013 cm and 2014 cm, respectively, then the
4.
measure of the third side can be_________
(a) 4020 cm (b) 4027 cm
(c) 1 cm (d) 4028 cm
In an equilateral triangle, the length of an altitude is 9 cm. What is the length

5.
of its in-radius?
(a) 6 cm (b) 4.5 cm (c) 3 cm (d) 4 cm
Rashmi drew a quadrilateral in which, the diagonals are perpendicular and

6.
a pair of adjacent sides are equal. What type of quadrilateral is it?
(a) Rhombus (b) Rectangle
(c) Square (d) Kite
In a parallelogram PQRS, the diagonals PR and QS intersect at O. If ∠POQ

7.
= 110°, ∠PRQ = 50°, and ∠SQP = 40°, then find the measure of ∠PSR.
(a) 90° (b) 100° (c) 110° (d) 120°
ROCK is an isosceles trapezium in which RO || CK and the diagonals RC

8.
and OK intersect at P. If ∠RPO = 120° and ∠OKR = 70°, then what is the
measure of ∠CKR?
(a) 100° (b) 120° (c) 90° (d) 80°

In a rhombus DEMO, ∠DEO = 70°. What is the measure of ∠EMO?

(a) 20° (b) 140° (c) 70° (d) 40°
10. In a parallelogram DOCK, the diagonals DC and OK intersect at M. If ∠DKO

= 70° and ∠DCO = 30°, then what is the measure of ∠OMC?
(a) 100° (b) 70° (c) 80° (d) 50°
11. Read the following statements, and state which of them are true and false.
(i) If AB is a diameter of a circle, then the arc AB is a semicircle.
(ii) In a circle, all diameters intersect at the centre.
(iii) In a circle, the length of a chord can be less than its radius.
(a) All of these (b) Only (i)
(c) Only (i) and (ii) (d) Only (ii) and (iii)
Column B.
Column A Column B
(Geometrical figure) (Order of rotational symmetry)
12. Equilateral triangle (a) 1
13. Square (b) 2
14. Hexagon (c) 3
15. Rhombus (d) 4
(e) 5
(f) 6

The following are the steps involved in proving that the sum of three angles
1.
of a triangle is 180°. Arrange them in sequential order.
X A Y
B C
(A) Draw XY parallel to BC and passing through the point A.

(B) ∠XAB = ∠ABC and ∠YAC = ∠ACB
(C) ∠XAB + ∠BAC + ∠CAY = 180°
(D) ∠ABC + ∠BAC + ∠ACB = 180°
(a) ABCD (b) BACD
(c) ABDC (d) CABD
In a DABC, ∠B = 90° and AC = 4 2 cm. If AB = BC, then what is the length

2.
of side AB?
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 4 2 (d) 3 2
In the given figure, 2∠A = ∠BOC. OB and OC are the bisectors of ∠B and
3.
∠C, respectively. Find the measure of ∠A.
A
B C
(a) 30° (b) 40° (c) 60° (d) 45°
In DABC, if ∠A = 30°, ∠B = 50°, and ∠C = 110°, then find the longest side of
4.
the triangle ABC.
(a) AB (b) BC
(c) AC (d) Both (a) and (c)
The angles of quadrilateral are x − 10°, x + 10°, x and x + 20°. What will be the
5.
measure of the largest angle of the quadrilateral?
(a) 95° (b) 100° (c) 105° (d) 115°

The number of lines of symmetry of a parallelogram is _________.

(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Find the sum of the interior angles of a 11-sided polygon.

7.
(a) 1800° (b) 1440° (c) 1620° (d) 1890°
What is the number of sides of a regular polygon, whose each exterior angle
8.
is 120°?
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
ABC is an isosceles triangle, whose sides are AB = 5 cm, BC = 13 cm and

9.
AC = a cm. Find the length of side a.
(a) 5 (b) 8
(c) 13 (d) (a) or (c)
10. In a triangle ABC, AB = 5 cm, BC = 12 cm and AC = k cm, where k is a positive

integer. The number of possibilities of k is _________.
(a) 11 (b) 8 (c) 9 (d) 10
11. In a rhombus, if one of the diagonals is equal to the side, then which of the
following is an angle of the rhombus?
(a) 100° (b) 110° (c) 120° (d) 150°
12. In the given figure, ABCD is parallelogram. If BD = 5 cm and AC = 5 7 cm

and AB = 8 cm. Find the length of the side AD.
D
C
A
B
(a) 5 (b) 5 5 (c) 6 (d) 6 5
13. Which of the following is a parallelogram?

(a) Rectangle (b) Trapezium
(c) Kite (d) Isosceles trapezium
14. The order of rotation of a rhombus is _________.

(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8

15. Match the information given in Column A with that of Column B. Space for rough work
Column A Column B
(i) Centroid of a triangle. (A) Always lies inside the triangle.
(ii) Incentre of a triangle. (B) Equidistant from sides of the
triangle.
(iii) Circumcentre of a triangle. (C) Equidistant from all the verti-
ces of the triangle.
(iv) Orthocentre of a triangle. (D) Can coincide with the vertex
of the triangle.
(a) (i) → (B); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (A)

(b) (i) → (B); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (C)
(c) (i) → (A); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (D)
(d) (i) → (A); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (B); (iv) → (D)

The following are the steps involved in proving that an exterior angle of
1.
a triangle is equal to the sum of the interior angles opposite to it. Arrange
A
B C X
(A) ∠A + ∠B + ∠BCA = ∠BCA + ∠ACX

(B) ∠BCA + ∠ACX = 180°
(C) ∠ACX = ∠A + ∠B
(D) ∠A + ∠B + ∠BCA = 180°
(a) ABDC (b) BDCA
(c) BADC (d) BDAC
In a DPQR, if ∠Q = 90° and PQ = 8 cm, and QR = 15 cm, then find the length
2.
of side PR.
(a) 5 cm (b) 13 cm (c) 17 cm (d) 22 cm
In the given figure, 2∠D = ∠ECF. EC and FC are the bisectors of ∠DEF and
3.
∠DFE, respectively. What is the total value of the measures of ∠CEF + ∠CFE?
D
E F
(a) 90° (b) 60° (c) 70° (d) 80°
In DABC, if ∠A = 70°, ∠B = 80° and ∠C = 30°, then which of the following is

4.
the correct relation among the sides of the triangle?
(a) AB < BC < CA (b) AB > BC > CA
(c) BC < AB < CA (d) AC < AB < BC
The angles of quadrilateral are x − 20°, 2x°, x + 20°, and x + 30°. Find the
5.
smallest angle of the quadrilateral.
(a) 66° (b) 56° (c) 36° (d) 46°

The number of lines of symmetry of an equilateral triangle is _________.

(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) Infinite
Find the sum of the interior angles of a 15-sided polygon.

7.
(a) 2340° (b) 2160°
(c) 2520° (d) 1990°
What is the number of sides of a regular polygon, whose each exterior angle
8.
is 40°?
(a) 7 (b) 8 (c) 9 (d) 10
PQR is an isosceles triangle, whose sides are PQ = 7 cm, PR = 12 cm and

9.
QR = b cm. Find the length of b.
(a) 7 (b) 9
(c) 12 (d) Either (a) or (c)
10. In a triangle PQR, PQ = 5 cm, QR = 11 cm, and PR = l cm. Which of the fol-
lowing can be the value of ℓ?
(a) 7 (b) 6 (c) 16 (d) 17
11. ABCD is a parallelogram. If the bisectors of ∠DAB and ∠ABC touch CD and
meet at E, where E is the point on CD, then find the measure of ∠BEA.
(a) 60° (b) 90° (c) 120° (d) 100°
12. In the given figure, PQRS is a parallelogram. If PR = 7 cm, PQ = 3 cm, and

SQ = 5 cm, then what is the length of side PS?
S
R
P
Q
(a) 26 cm (b) 28 cm
(c) 33 cm (d) 35 cm
13. In which of the following quadrilaterals, the diagonals are equal?

(a) Parallelogram (b) Isosceles trapezium
(c) Rhombus (d) Kite
14. The order of rotation of a square is _________.

(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8

15. Match the information given in Column A with that of Column B. Space for rough work
Column A Column B
(i) Shaded region (A) Chord
(ii) Shaded region (B) Minor segment
(iii) The line is (C) Secant
(iv) (D) Major segment

B
(a) (i) → (B); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (A)

(b) (i) → (D); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (A)
(c) (i) → (B); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (C)
(d) (i) → (D); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (C)
Answer Keys
Assessment Test I
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (c) 15. (e)
Assessment Test II
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (f) 15. (b)
Assessment Test III

1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (c)
Assessment Test IV
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (a)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (b) 15. (b)

Indices
4
Reference: Coursebook - IIT Foundation Mathematics Class 7; Chapter - Indices; pp. 4.1–4.7
1. The following are the steps involved in proving that a0 = 1 and (a ≠ 0).
Arrange them in sequential order.
am m − m
(A) =a
am
am m − n
(B) =a (Quotient of powers)
an
(C) Let m = n
(D) 1 = a0
(a) ABCD (b) BADC
(c) BCAD (d) BCDA
2. If 9000 = 5a × ab × ba, then find the value of aa + bb.

(a) 10 (b) 31 (c) 81 (d) 85
3. If (ax)2 = 500, then ax − 2 × ax + 2 = _________.

(a) 250,000 (b) 50 (c) 1000 (d) 500
3
4. If (5x4)3 = 53 , then what can be the value of x?
(a) 5 (b) 25 (c) 9 (d) 3
5. Find the value of (1 + 3 + 5 + … + 17)3/4.

(a) 33 (b) 44 (c) 35 (d) 43
14 12 25
 4  7  7
6.   ÷  ×  = _____
 7  4  4
26
7 4  7
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d)  
4 7  4

4.2 Chapter 4 Indices
−4
Space for rough work
By what number should  81 
7. be divided so that the quotient is equal to
 
 3
−14 16
  ?
2
8 4 9 9
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 9 8 16
If (2x + y)x − y × (2y − z)y + z × (2z + x)z − x = k, then what is the value of 2k?
8.
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) x2 + y2 + z2
If 2 = 1.414 and 5 = 2.236, then what is the value of 50 + 20 ?

9.
(a) 9.070 (b) 10.542 (c) 11.472 (d) 11.542
x
10. If 33x − 2 = 92x − 2, then what is the value of xx ?
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 16
2
am
11. If
a n2
( )n × ( an )m × a2n
× am
2
= ak, then what is the value of the value of k?
(a) (m + n) (b) (m + n)2

(c) m2 − n2 (d) (m − n)2
Column B.
Column A Column B
4 2
12. 3 × 4 (a) 2
25 92
53 × 72 × 4 1
13. (b)
(14) × (10)
2 3
2
62 × 8 × 9 1
14. (c)
(36)2 8
92 × 102 1
15. (d)
× (18 )
2
53 5
(e) 5

The following are the steps involved in proving that am × an = am + n, where

1.
a ≠ 0, a ≠ 1, and a ≠ −1. Arrange them in sequential order.
(A) am × an = (a × a × … m times) × (a × a × … n times)
(B) am × an = am + n
(C) am = a × a × … m times; an = a × a × … n times
(D) am × an = a × a × … (m + n) times
(a) CABD (b) ACDB (c) ACBD (d) CADB
If 10,800 = 2a × 3b × 5c, then what is the value of ac + ba?

2.
(a) 97 (b) 81 (c) 102 (d) 107
ax + 2
If ax = 25, then find the value of
3. .
a2 − x
(a) 1 (b) 25 (c) 125 (d) 625
4
If (2x3)4 = 22 , then what can be the value of x?
4.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 8
(2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 + 12 + 7)3/2 = _________
5.
(a) 49 (b) 343 (c) 21 (d) 243
15 −12
 3  4 64
6.   ÷  × = _______ .
4  3 9
3 4
(a)
(b) (c) 3 (d) 9
4 3
−7
 27 
By what number should we multiply   so that the product is equal to
7.
 36 
4
?
3
5 6
 27   3 4 3
  (b)
(a)   (c) (d)
36 4 3 4
 3a + b 3b + c 3c + a 
If 
8.
a
× b × c = 27  , then find the value of a + b + c.
 3 3 3 
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 3 (d) 9
If 5x − 2 = 25x − 4, then 5x − 5 = _________.

9.
(a) 5 (b) 25 (c) 125 (d) 1

10. If 3 = 1.732 and 7 = 2.646, then what is the value of 75 + 28 ? Space for rough work
(a) 13.843 (b) 12.954
(c) 13.952 (d) 12.844
2
ax  ay 
11. If
y
× ax − y ×  x  = ak , then what is the value of k?
a a 
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) x − y
Column B.
Column A Column B
1
12. 23 × 34 × (36)−2 (a)
5
13. 54 × (25)−2 × 5−1 (b) 5
1
14. 3−1 × 24 × 92 × 6−4 (c)
3
1
15. 55 × 42 × (100)−2 (d)
2

Arrange the following steps in sequential order which are involved in the
1.
1
simplification of x2016 × 2015 .
x
(A) x
 ∴ am m − n 
x2016 − 2015 
(B) =a 
 an
1
x2016 ×
(C)
x2015
(D) x2016 × x−2015
(a) CBDA (b) CDAB (c) CBAD (d) CDBA
3
10
Solve: 52
2.
(a) 10 (b) 25 (c) 5 (d) 125
Simplify: (25 × 32)2

3.
(a) 8100 (b) 74,284 (c) 3600 (d) 82,944
 4  3  4  4 
Find the value of   −    .
4.
 5   5  
64 256 16 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
625 625 25 25
If (27)5 = (729)k, then what is the value of k?

5.
5 3
(a) (b) (c) 4 (d)
5
2 2
If 3x = 9y = 27z = 729, then find the value of x + y + z.

6.
(a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 11 (d) 12
2
 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15  5
7.  + + + + + + +  = _________
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 16
1
Solve: (0.0625)4
8.
(a) 0.5 (b) 0.05 (c) 0.005 (d) 0.0005
Which of the following is the smallest value?

9.
5 3 4 4
(a)
3 2 (b) 53 (d)
5 2 (c) 73

10. If 7x = 245, then what is the value of 7x − 2? Space for rough work
(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 9
11. If (15)7.5 × (15)x = (15)15, then x = _________.

(a) 6.5 (b) 7.5 (c) 8.5 (d) 9.5
12. If x = 70.25, y = 70.5, and x2 = yk, then what is the value of k?

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 0.5
1
13. 1 + = _________
1
1+
1 + 2−1
5 8 6 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
8 5 5 6
2
14. (0.125)− 3 = _________
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 16 (d) 32
Directions for question 15: Match the values of Column A with those of Column B.
15.
Column A Column B
(i) am·an (A) a − 1
am
(ii) (B) 1
an
(iii) ao (C) am + n
(iv) (a1 − a°) × a° (D) am − n
(a) (i) → (D); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (B); (iv) → (C)

(b) (i) → (C); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (B)
(c) (i) → (D); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (B)
(d) (i) → (C); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (B); (iv) → (A)

Arrange the following steps in a sequential order which are involved in the
1.
1
simplification of x −2019 × .
x−2018
1 ∴
(A) ( am a−n = am − n)
2019 − 2018
x
1
x −2019 ×
(B)
x−2018
1 1
(C) ×
x2019 x−2018
1
(D)
x
(a) BCDA (b) BCAD (c) BACD (d) BDCA
2
01
Solve: 72
2.
(a) 49 (b) 7 (c) 343 (d) 2401
Solve: (72 × 2)2

3.
(a) 784 (b) 4802 (c) 9604 (d) 2401
 3  2  3  3 
What is the value of   −    ?
4.
 5   5  
9 18 27 9
(a) (b) (c) (d)
125 125 125 25
If 4-x = 64, then find the value of 43x+10.

5.
(a) 4 (b) 16 (c) 64 (d) 256
If 2a = 4b = 16c = 256, then what is the value of 2a + 3b + 4c?

6.
(a) 14 (b) 25 (c) 36 (d) 42
1
 2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 + ... + 48  2
7. 
 6  = _________
(a) 10 (b) 25 (c) 12 (d) 15
Solve: (0.00001296)1 4
8.
(a) 0.6 (b) 0.06 (c) 0.006 (d) 0.0006

Which of the following is the greatest?

(a) 21728 (b) 31296 (c) 5432 (d) 7864
10. If 3x = 450, then find the value of 3x − 2.

(a) 10 (b) 45 (c) 50 (d) 15
11. If (9)4.25 × (9)y = (9)5.75, then what is the value of y?

(a) 1.25 (b) 1.5 (c) 0.5 (d) 0.75
12. If x = 51.75, y = 51.25, and xy = 5k, then k = _________.

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
1
13. 2 + = _________
1
2+
2 + 2−1
9 23 29 12
(a) (b) (c) (d)
23 9 12 27
14. (0.250 )
−2.5
= _________
(a) 4 (b) 8 (c) 16 (d) 32
15.
Column A Column B
(i) 2x = 32 (A) x = 5
(ii) 3x = 729 (B) x = 6
(iii) 9x + y = 314 + 2y (C) x = 7
1 (D) x = 8
(iv) 2x − y − 9 = x + y −7
2
(a) (i) → (B); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (C)
(b) (i) → (A); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (C)
(c) (i) → (A); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (D)
(d) (i) → (B); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (D)

Answer Keys 4.9
Answer Keys
Assessment Test I
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (d) 10. (d)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (a) 15. (d)
Assessment Test II
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (a) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (c) 15. (b)
Assessment Test III

1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (b)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (d)
Assessment Test IV
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (c)

Mensuration
5
Reference: Coursebook - IIT Foundation Mathematics Class 7; Chapter - Mensuration; pp. 6.1–6.11
1. The following steps are involved in finding the area of a circular track of
width 3 m, which is laid outside around the ground. The circumference of a
playground is 88 m. Arrange the steps in sequential order.
22
(A) 2 × × r = 88 ⇒ r = 14
7
(B) p (R2 − r2) = p (172 − 142)
(C) R = 17 and r = 14
22
(D) (17 + 14) (17 − 14) = 292.28 m2
7
(E) 2 × r = 88 m
(a) ACEBD (b) EACBD
(c) ECABD (d) EABDC
2. The radius of a wheel is 35 cm which makes 15 rotations in 30 seconds. What

is the time taken by the wheel to cover a distance of 660 m (in minutes)?
(a) 10 (b) 12 (c) 15 (d) 18
3. The diagonal of a square field is 50 m. Calculate the area of the field.

(a) 1000 m2 (b) 1250 m2
(c) 1500 m2 (d) 1750 m2
4. The height of an equilateral triangle is 18 3 cm. What is the area of the

triangle? (in sq. cm).
(a) 264 3 (b) 296 3 (c) 324 3 (d) 352 3
5. What is the area of a rhombus, if one of the diagonals of the rhombus is 12

cm and perimeter of the rhombus is 40 cm (in cm2)?
(a) 128 (b) 112 (c) 108 (d) 96
6. The radius of a sector is 16 cm and the length of the arc of the sector is 16 cm.
Calculate the area of the sector.
(a) 108 cm2 (b) 116 cm2
(c) 128 cm2 (d) 144 cm2

5.2 Chapter 5 Mensuration
The ratio of the length and the breadth of a rectangular field is 3:2 and the cost
of fencing the field at `12 per metre is `720. What is the length of the field?
(a) 12 m (b) 18 m (c) 15 m (d) 21 cm
In the given figure, a circle is inscribed in a square ABCD of side 28 cm. Find
8.
the area of the shaded region.
A D
B C
(a) 168 cm2 (b) 184 cm2

(c) 216 cm2 (d) 236 cm2
The dimensions of a room are 18 ft × 15 ft × 12 ft. Calculate the area of the

9.
four walls of the room (in sq. ft).
(a) 594 (b) 628 (c) 676 (d) 792
10. The lateral surface area of a cube is 144 sq. cm. What is the volume of the
cube (in cm3)?
(a) 125 (b) 343 (c) 216 (d) 458
11. Find the maximum number of cubes of edge 4 cm that can be made from a
cuboid of dimensions 20 cm × 16 cm × 12 cm.
(a) 60 (b) 40 (c) 80 (d) 100
Directions for questions 12 to 15: Match the figures of Column A with the values of
Column B.
Column A Column B (Area)
14 cm
12. (a) 120 cm2
22 cm
18 cm
10 cm
8 cm
13. 10 cm (b) 198 cm2
18 cm

Column A Column B (Area) Space for rough work
22 cm
9 cm 9 cm
14. (c) 154 cm2
22 cm
13 cm 13 cm
15. (d) 144 cm2

10 cm
13 cm 13 cm

Area of a sector of a circle of radius 21 cm is 231 cm2. The following steps are
1.
involved in finding the area of the circle. Arrange them in sequential order.
q
(A) × p r2 = 231
360°
(B) Area of the sector = 231 cm2, radius = 21 cm
(C) Area of the circle = 6 × Area of the sector = 6 × 231 = 1386 cm2
q 22
(D) × × 212 = 231 ⇒ q = 60°
360° 7
(a) BDAC (b) ABDC (c) DABC (d) BADC
The radius of a wheel is 28 cm. If the time taken by the wheel to cover a
2.
distance of 352 m by rolling is 4 min, then what is the time taken for one
rotation of the wheel (in seconds)?
(a) 1.2 (b) 2.4 (c) 3.6 (d) 2.4
The area of a square field is 450 m2. Find the diagonal of the field.
3.
(a) 25 m (b) 30 m (c) 35 m (d) 40 m
The area of an equilateral triangle is 81 3 cm2. Calculate its height.

4.
(a) 3 3 (b) 9 3 (c) 27 3 (d) 12 3
What is the area of a rhombus whose side is 17 cm and one of its diagonals is
5.
16 cm (in cm2)?
(a) 210 (b) 230 (c) 240 (d) 270
The length of the arc of a sector of a circle is 17 cm and the area of the sector
6.
is 136 cm2. Calculate the radius of the circle?
(a) 16 cm (b) 15 cm (c) 14 cm (d) 13 cm
The ratio of the length and breadth of a rectangular field is 4:3 and the area
7.
of the field is 300 m2. Find the cost of fencing the field at `15 per metre.
(a) `950 (b) `1000 (c) `1050 (d) `1150
In the given figure, ABCD is a square and a semicircle is drawn with BC as

8.
diameter. What is the area of the shaded region (in cm2)?
A D
B 28 cm C

(a) 456 (b) 476 (c) 500 (d) 526 Space for rough work
The dimensions of a room are 8 m × 6 m × 4 m. Find the cost of white wash-

9.
ing the four walls of the room at `10 per sq. m.
(a) `920 (b) `970 (c) `1080 (d) `1120
10. The volume of a cube is 216 cm3. What is the total surface area of the cube
(in cm2)?
(a) 216 (b) 252 (c) 296 (d) 324
11. Find the maximum number of cubes of edge 6 cm that can be made from a
cuboid of dimensions 24 cm × 18 cm × 12 cm.
(a) 18 (b) 24 (c) 30 (d) 36
Directions for questions 12 to 15: Match the figures of Column A with values of Column B.
Column A Column B (Area)
12. 12 cm (a) 576 cm2
36 cm
24 cm
13. 14 cm (b) 504 cm2
42 cm
28 cm
18 cm 21 cm
14. 21 cm (c) 216 cm2
28 cm
24 cm
24 cm 24 cm
15. (d) 462 cm2
24 cm

The following steps are involved in finding the area of a rhombus, if one
1.
of its diagonals is 32 cm and its perimeter is 80 cm. Arrange the steps in
sequential order.
(A) Given BD = 32 cm ⇒ BE = 16 cm and perimeter of rhombus is 80 cm.
⇒ AB = 20 cm
(B) Let ABCD be the rhombus and E be the point of intersection of the diag-
onals DB and AC.
1
(C) Area of the rhombus = × 32 × 24 = 384 sq. cm
2
(D) In ∆ABE, AE = 144 = 12 cm ∴ AC = 24 cm
C
D E B
16 16
(a) ABCD (b) BADC (c) BACD (d) ABDC
In the given figure, ABCD is a rectangle and EF ^ AB. The area of the shaded
2.
region, in the given figure, is ______ cm2.
D E C
3 cm
A 2 cm F 10 cm B
(a) 28 (b) 33 (c) 30 (d) 35

If the angle of a sector of a circle is 60° and its radius is 42 cm, then what is
3.
the length of the arc of the sector?
(a) 22 cm (b) 44 cm (c) 88 cm (d) 66 cm
The angle of a sector of a circle is 90°. What is the ratio of the area of the circle
4.
and the area of the sector?
(a) 1:4 (b) 4:1 (c) 2:1 (d) 1:2
The total surface area of a cube is 864 m2. Find its edge (in m).
5.
(a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 11 (d) 12

The ratio of the volumes of two cubes is 125:343. What is the ratio of their
total surface areas?
(a) 125:343 (b) 49:25
(c) 343:125 (d) 25:49
The dimensions of a cuboid are 20 ft × 10 ft × 8 ft. The lateral surface area of
7.
the cuboid is ______.
(a) 480 sq. ft (b) 360 sq. ft
(c) 300 sq. ft (d) 400 sq. ft
If the diagonal of a square is equal to the diameter of a circle, then what is
8.
the ratio of their areas?
p :2
(a) p :1
(b) 2:p (c) (d) 1:p
In the given figure, if AB = 6 cm and BC = 8 cm, then find the length of BD.
9.
A
B C
(a) 5.4 cm (b) 39 cm (c)

11 cm (d) 4.8 cm
10. If the areas of three mutually adjacent faces of a cuboid are 36 cm2, 9 cm2,
and 25 cm2, respectively, then what is the volume of the cuboid?
(a) 90 cm3 (b) 120 cm3 (c) 100 cm3 (d) 80 cm3
11. In the given figure, ‘O’ is the centre of the circle and AB is the chord. If the
radius of the circle is 35 cm and ∠AOB = 90°, then what is the area of the
shaded region?
A B
(a) 350 cm2 (b) 250 cm2

(c) 750 cm2 (d) 500 cm2
12. In the given figure, ABEF is a square and BCDE is a trapezium. If AE = 8 2
cm, BC = 3 cm, and area of the trapezium 28.5 cm2, then calculate the perim-
eter of DACD.
D
F E
G
A B C

(a)
8(20 + 2 ) (b)
2(15 + 4 2 ) Space for rough work
25 + 8 2 (d)
(c) 11( 2 + 2)
13. The dimensions of a pit are 0.6 m × 0.4 m × 0.3 m. If it is filled with bricks of
size 15 cm × 8 cm × 6 cm, then what is the number of bricks?
(a) 100 (b) 250 (c) 50 (d) 31.25
14. The circumference of a circular play ground is 176 m. A circular track of
width 7 m is laid outside around it. Find the area of the circular track.
(a) 2772 m2 (b) 1386 m2
(c) 9702 m2 (d) 1984 m2
15. Match the statements of Column A with the values of Column B.
Column A Column B
Edge of a cube is 5 cm.
(i) Total surface area (in cm2) (A) 125
(ii) Volume (in cm3) (B) 100
(iii) Lateral surface area (in cm2) (C) 150
(iv) Total length of the edges (in cm) (D) 60
(a) (i) → (C); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (A), (iv) → (B)

(b) (i) → (B); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (A)
(c) (i) → (C); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (B); (iv) → (D)
(d) (i) → (C); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (B); (iv) → (A)

The circumference of a circular play ground is 88 m. A track of uniform

1.
width 3 m is laid outside around it. Find the area of the circular track.
The following are the steps involved in solving the above problem. Arrange
(A) Area of the circular track = p (R2 − r2)
(B) Circumference of the playground = 2p r = 88
(C) R = 17 m ( r = 14 m) \
(D) p × (17 + 14 ) (17 − 14 ) = 93 p m2
(a) ABCD (b) BACD
(c) BCAD (d) ACBD
In the given figure, ABCD is a rectangle and EF ^ AB. The area of the shaded
2.
part, in the given figure, is _________ cm2.
D E C
5 cm
A 4 cm F 8 cm B
(a) 30 (b) 40 (c) 50 (d) 60

If the angle of a sector is 120° and its radius 35 cm, then what is the length of
3.
the arc of the sector?
110 220
(a) cm (b) cm
3 3
140 160
(c) cm (d) cm
3 3
The angle of a sector of a circle is 36°. Find the ratio of the circumference of
4.
the circle and the length of the arc of the sector.
(a) 1:10 (b) 20:1
(c) 1:20 (d) 10:1
The lateral surface area of a cube is 676 m2. What is the length its edge (in m)?
5.
(a) 11 (b) 13 (c) 15 (d) 17
The ratio of the edges of two cubes is 4:3. What is the ratio of their lateral
6.
surface area?
(a) 81:64 (b) 16:9 (c) 36:64 (d) 64:81
The dimensions of a cuboid are 15 ft × 15 ft × 10 ft. Total surface area of the
7.
cuboid is _________.

(a) 950 sq. ft (b) 1200 sq. ft Space for rough work
(c) 1050 sq. ft (d) 900 sq. ft
If the radius of the circle is equal to the diagonal of a square, then what is the
8.
ratio of the circumference of the circle and the perimeter of the square?
p :2
(a) 2:p (b)
(c) p: 2
2:2p (d)
In the given figure, if AB = 12 cm and AC = 20 cm, then find the length of BD.
9.
B C
(a) 9.6 cm (b) 8.4 cm (c) 19.2 cm (d) 8 cm

10. If the area of a face of a cube is 81 cm2, then what is the volume of the cube?
(a) 243 cm3 (b) 343 cm3
(c) 729 cm3 (d) 2187 cm3
11. In the given figure, ‘O’ is the centre of the circle and AB is a chord of the
circle. If the area of the shaded region is 126 cm2 and ∠AOB = 90°, then find
radius of the circle (in cm).
A B
(a) 7 (b) 14 (c) 21 (d) 28

12. In the given figure, ABCD is a rhombus and AC produced to E. If BD = 16 cm,
AC = 8 cm, and DE = 17 cm, then calculate the area of DDCE.
A E
C
(a) 34 cm2 (b) 44 cm2 (c) 54 cm2 (d) 64 cm2

Answer Keys 5.11
13. The dimensions of a pit are 1.6 m × 1.5 m × 1.8 m. If it is filled with bricks of Space for rough work
size 9 cm × 8 cm × 5 cm, then what is the number of bricks that fit into the pit?
(a) 7000 (b) 8000 (c) 12,000 (d) 1000
14. The difference in the areas of two concentric circles is 66 cm2 and the radius
of the outer circle is 11 cm. What is the radius of the inner circle?
(a) 8 cm (b) 9 cm (c) 10 cm (d) 7 cm
15. Match the statements of Column A with values of Column B.
Column A Column B
Cuboid of dimensions 6 cm ë 5 cm ë 4 cm
(i) Total length of the edges (cm) (A) 60
(ii) Total surface area (cm2) (B) 88
(iii) Volume (cm3) (C) 120
(iv) Lateral surface area (cm2) (D) 148
(a) (i) → (A); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (D)

(b) (i) → (C); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (B)
(c) (i) → (B); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (A)
(d) (i) → (A); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (B)
Answer Keys
Assessment Test I
1. (b) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (c)
11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (a)
Assessment Test II
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (a) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (a)
11. (b) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (b) 15. (a)
Assessment Test III

1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (d) 6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (d) 10. (a)
11. (a) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (c)
Assessment Test IV
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (c) 14. (c) 15. (d)

Number System
6
Reference: Coursebook - IIT Foundation Mathematics Class 7; Chapter - Number Systems; pp. 1.1–1.22
1. The LCM and the HCF of two numbers are 240 and 12, respectively. If one
of the numbers is 48, then find the other number and arrange the following
steps in sequential order.
240 × 12
(A) 48 × x = 240 × 12 ⇒ x =
48
(B) The product of two numbers = (their LCM) × (their HCF)
(C) Let the other number be x.
(D) ⇒ x = 5 × 12 = 60
(a) CABD (b) CBAD (c) BACD (d) CBDA
2. Find the least number greater than 10 which when divided by 15, 20 and 25
leaves remainder 10 in each case.
(a) 290 (b) 300 (c) 310 (d) 320
3. 0 . 3 + 7.8 − 5.2 =_________
(a) 2.5 (b) 3.1 (c) 3.5 (d) 3
4. What is the largest number that divides 88 and 97 leaving the remainders 3
and 2, respectively?
(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 7
8 27
5. 3 + 3 = _________
125 216
(a) 1 (b) 3/10 (c) 7/10 (d) 9/10
1 14
6. Find the value of 3 − 2 .
16 25
(a) 11/20 (2) 7/2 (c) 3/20 (d) 1/20

6.2 Chapter 6 Number System
What is the least number that should be multiplied to 1008 so that the prod-
uct obtained is a perfect square?
(a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7
A person travelled a total distance of 380 km in two days. If he travelled

8.
260 km on a day and takes rest the next day, then what fraction has he
travelled on the second day?
(a) 6/19 (b) 7/19 (c) 13/19 (d) 15/19
Two bells toll at intervals of 60 s and 90 s, respectively. If they toll together at

9.
10:00 am, then what is the earliest time at which they toll together?
(a) 10:03 am (b) 10:05 am
(c) 10:06 am (d) 10:09 am
10. The LCM of two numbers is 640. Which of the following can be the HCF of
the two numbers?
(a) 50 (b) 60 (c) 70 (d) 80
11. Which of the following fractions represent a terminating decimal?

(a) 27/72 (b) 21/36 (c) 18/54 (d) 29/24
Directions for questions 12 to 15: Match the values of Column A with those of Column B.
Column A Column B
12. 8 × 50 (a) 1
13. 3
512 (b) 2
64
14. The HCF of 101 and (c) 18.9
201
15. 18. 9999 (d) 19
(e) 20

p
Convert 1.72 into
1. form, where p and q are coprimes. Arrange the follow-
q
ing steps in sequential order.
(A) 100x = 172. 7272
(B) Let x = 1.72 = 1.7272
171 19
(C) x= =
99 11
(D) 100x − x = 171 ⇒ 99x = 171
(a) BCAD (b) BADC (c) BACD (d) CBAD
Find the least number greater than 5 which when divided by 18, 24 and 30
2.
leaves remainder 5 in each case.
(a) 345 (b) 350 (c) 365 (d) 375
8.7 − 2.3 − 4.2 = _________

3.
(a) 2. 2 (b) 2.5 (c) 3. 2 (d) 1.2
What is the largest number that divides 132 and 189 leaving the remainders
4.
4 and 5, respectively?
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8
64 16
5. 3 + 4 = _________
125 625
(a) 8/5 (b) 5/6 (c) 6/5 (d) 7/5
21 22
Find the value of
6. 4 − 3 .
25 49
(a) 18/35 (b) 12/35 (c) 19/35 (d) 21/35
What is the smallest number by which 4056 must be divided so that the
7.
quotient is a perfect square?
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
A person travelled a total distance of 540 km. If he travelled 320 km by bus

8.
and the rest by car, then what fraction has he travelled by the car?
(a) 11/27 (b) 14/29 (c) 15/31 (d) 16/33
Two bells toll at intervals of 40 min and 60 min, respectively. If they toll
9.
together at 11:00 am, then what is the earliest time at which they toll together?

(a) 12:30 pm (b) 2:00 pm Space for rough work

(c) 1:00 pm (d) 1:30 pm
10. The HCF of two numbers is 18. Which of the following can be the LCM of
the numbers?
(a) 80 (b) 90 (c) 100 (d) 120
11. Which of the following fractions represent a terminating decimal?

(a) 55/21 (b) 31/80 (c) 18/42 (d) 48/33
Directions for questions 12 to 15: Match the values of Column A with those of Column B.
Column A Column B
12. 12 × 48 (a) 20
13. The HCF of 104 (b) 24

and 130
(c) 25
14. 3
32000
4
15. 24.9 (d) 26
(e) 27

p
The following are the steps involved in writing 2.3 in form. Arrange them
1.
q
in sequential order.
(A) 10x = 23.333
(B) 9x = 21
(C) x = 2.333
7
(D) x=
3
(a) CBAD (b) DCBA (c) CABD (d) DBCA
If x + y = 0, then x and y are _________.

2.
(a) Equal
(b) Additive inverse to each other
(c) Multiplicative inverse to each other
(d) Cannot say
If the price of 35 mangoes is `280, then what is the price of 25 mangoes?

3.
(a) `200 (b) `250 (c) `325 (d) `350
The ascending order of a = 0.025, b = 0.0035, c = 0.134, and d = 0.287 is

4.
_________.
(a) a, b, c, d (b) b, a, c, d
(c) b, c, d, a (d) c, a, b, d
16 27
5. − 3 = _______
49 343
1 3 5
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
7 7 7
Which of the following is the least positive integer that should be multiplied
6.
by 720 so that the product is a perfect square?
(a) 6 (b) 5 (c) 3 (d) 10
Solve: 2.34 + 6.43.

7.
79 77 73 71
(a) (b) (c) (d)
9 9 9 9
The largest number that divides 69 and 87 leaving remainders 1 and 2,

8.
respectively, is _________.
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 17 (d) 34

A person has to complete a certain work in two days. If he completes

two-seventh of the work on the second day, then what part of the work did
he complete on the first day?
(a) 5/7 (b) 4/7 (c) 3/7 (d) 1/7
10. What is the sum of the greatest and the least three-digit numbers formed by
using all the digits (in each case) 0, 5, and 9?
(a) 1,855 (b) 1,540 (c) 1,099 (d) 1,459
11. If the HCF of two numbers is 36, then which of the following can be the
possible LCM of the numbers?
(a) 36 (b) 74 (c) 118 (d) 42
12. The greatest possible quantity that can be used to measure the quantities
2 L 750 mL, 3 L 500 mL and 4 L 250 mL is _________.
(a) 750 mL (b) 500 mL
(c) 250 mL (d) 125 mL
13. Which of the following is an integer?

3
(a) 27 − 3 625 (b) 784 + 144
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
14. In a school, there are as many students in each section as there are total
number of sections. If the total number of students in the school is 1225, then
what is the number of students in each class?
(a) 25 (b) 35 (c) 45 (d) 55
15.
Column A Column B
(i) The HCF of two coprimes (A) 4
(ii) The HCF of any two con- (B) 3
secutive even numbers
(iii) 1 (C) 2
0.25
4 2 5 (D) 1
(iv) 2 ×1 ×
7 5 6
(a) (i) → (D); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (B); (iv) → (A)

(b) (i) → (B); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (D)
(c) (i) → (D); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (B)
(d) (i) → (B); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (D)

The following are the steps involved in finding the square root of 576.
1.
Arrange then in sequential order.
(A) 576 = 24
(B) 576 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
(C) 576 = (2 × 2 × 2 × 3)2 = 242
(D) 576 = 22 × 22 × 22 × 32
(a) BCDA (b) BDCA (c) DBCA (d) DCBA
If x × y = 1, then x and y are _________.

2.
(a) x = 1 and y = 1
1
(b) x = 2; y =
2
(c) Additive inverse to each other
(d) Reciprocals to each other
If the price of 24 pens is `360, then what is the price of 15 pens?

3.
(a) `300 (b) `270 (c) `255 (d) `225
The descending order of x = 0.378, y = 0.0986, z = 0.1010, and p = 0.01011 is

4.
_________.
(a) x, z, p, y (b) x, p, z, y
(c) x, z, y, p (d) x, y, p, z
25 125
5. + 3 = _________
36 216
1 5 1 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 6 6
Which of the following is the least positive integer by which 972 should be
6.
divided so that the quotient is a perfect square?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 6 (d) 7
Solve: 8.48 − 3.4.

7.
283 257 227 203
(a) (b) (c) (d)
45 45 45 45
What is the largest number that divides 99 and 84 leaving remainders 3 and
8.
4, respectively?
(a) 18 (b) 16 (c) 8 (d) 9

A father has 200 marbles. He gave 120 marbles to younger son and the
remaining to the eldest son. What is the part of the share of the eldest son?
(a) 3/5 (b) 2/5 (c) 3/4 (d) 1/4
10. What is the difference between a and b, where a is the greatest and b is the
least four-digit numbers formed by using all the digits (in each case) 2, 4, 6
and 8?
(a) 4194 (b) 2214 (c) 6174 (d) 4374
11. If the LCM of two numbers is 96, then which of the following can be the
possible HCF of the numbers?
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) All of these
12. The greatest possible quantity that can be used to measure 7 L 500 mL, 4 L
500 mL, and 3 L is _________.
(a) 1500 mL (b) 500 mL
(c) 250 mL (d) 125 mL
13. Which of the following is irrational?

(a) 8 × 32 (b) 6 × 216
(c) 108 × 3 (d) 98 × 7
14. In a ground, soldiers are arranged in rows and columns. The number of col-
umns is twice the number of rows. If the total number of soldiers is 16200,
then find the number of soldiers in each row.
(a) 45 (b) 90 (c) 180 (d) 360
15.
Column A Column B
(i) 0.125 × 8 (A) 10
(ii) 0.00125 × 80 (B) 1
(iii) 1.25 × 8 (C) 0.1
(iv) 12.5 × 0.0008 (D) 0.01
(a) (i) → (B); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (A)

(b) (i) → (D); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (B); (iv) → (C)
(c) (i) → (B); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (D)
(d) (i) → (D); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (B)

Answer Keys 6.9
Answer Keys
Assessment Test I
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (a) 10. (d)
11. (a) 12. (e) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (d)
Assessment Test II
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (b)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (c)
Assessment Test III

1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (b) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (d)
11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (b) 14. (b) 15. (c)
Assessment Test IV
1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (c) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (c)
11. (d) 12. (a) 13. (d) 14. (c) 15. (c)

Ratios and Their
Applications 7
Reference: Coursebook - IIT Foundation Mathematics Class 7; Chapter - Ratios and Applications; pp. 3.1–3.16
Space for rough work
1. The speed of a boat in still water is 20 km/h and the speed of the stream is
5 km/h. Find the total time taken to travel a distance of 30 km upstream
and 50 km downstream.
(A) Find the speed of the boat downstream.
distance
(B) Recall the formula: Time = .
speed
(C) Find the speed of the boat upstream.
30 50
(D) Required time = + =2+2=4h
15 25
(a) ABCD (b) DABC
(c) CADB (d) ACBD
x 9
2. If 20% of is , then find the value of x.
4 10
(a) 18 (b) 20 (c) 21 (d) 25
3. The fourth proportional of 5, 8, and x is 16. What is the value of x?

(a) 8 (b) 10 (c) 12 (d) 14
5x + 2 y 3
4. If = , then x:y = _____.
2x + 7 y 5
(a) 7:11 (b) 11:13 (c) 11:19 (d) 13:15
5. If 4A = 5B = 6C, then find the value of A:B:C.

(a) 11:15:9 (b) 10:12:9
(c) 15:12:10 (d) 12:10:9
6. A sum amounts to `1500 in 5 years at 10% per annum at simple interest. Find
the sum.
(a) `1200 (b) `1000 (c) `900 (d) `1100

7.2 Chapter 7 Ratios and Their Applications
A person sold an article for `47,000 gaining 25%. What is the cost price of the
article?
(a) `37,600 (b) `35,700
(c) `32,500 (d) `34,500
The mean proportional of 11 and 44 can be ________.

8.
(a) 19 (b) 20 (c) 21 (d) 22
Rohit scored 40, 27, 32, and x marks in four different subjects. The maximum
9.
mark in each subject is 50. If the average percentage of marks is 70%, then
find the value of x.
(a) 41 (b) 40 (c) 39 (d) 42
10. P, Q, and R can do a piece of work in 10 days, 15 days, and 18 days, respec-
tively. If they worked together and received an amount of `3600, then find
the share of R.
(a) `800 (b) `900 (c) `1000 (d) `1200
11. If a train 100 m long takes 15 s to cross a telegraph post, then how much time
does it take to cross a bridge of length 200 m (in seconds)?
(a) 42 (b) 45 (c) 48 (d) 50
Directions for questions 12 to 15: Match the value of Column A with those of Column B.
Column A Column B
12. If a:b = 2:3 and b:c = 2:3, then c:a (a) 7:4
x y
13. If = , then x:y (b) 9:4
4 7
14. If 0.04 L = 0.18 m, then L:m (c) 9:2
15. The ratio of 0.7 m and 50 cm (d) 4:7
(e) 7:5

The speed of the boat downstream is 50 km/h and upstream is 30 km/h. Find
1.
the sequential order of the following steps involved in calculating the speed
of the boat and speed of the current.
(A) Speed of the boat upstream = (x − y) km/h
(B) Let the speed of the boat in still water be x km/h and speed of current be
y km/h.
(C) Speed of the boat downstream = (x + y) km/h.
(D) x + y = 50 and x − y = 30
(E) Solving for x and y, we get x = 40 and y = 10.
(a) BCDAE (b) BAEDC
(c) BCADE (d) CABDE
3 6
If x% of
2. is , then find the value of x.
5 25
(a) 30 (b) 40 (c) 50 (d) 60
The fourth proportional of 10, 15, and 18 is ______.

3.
(a) 21 (b) 25 (c) 27 (d) 30
5x + 6 y
If x:y = 3:2, then
4. = ______.
5x − 6 y
(a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 11 (d) 12
If 3A = 5B, then what is the value of 5A/3B?

5.
9 25 3 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
25 9 5 3
At what rate of simple interest, `800 amounts to `1000 in 2 years?

6.
(a) 8.5% (b) 10% (c) 11% (d) 12.5%
Ajay sold a car for `1,25,000 losing 20%. Find the cost price of the car (in `).
7.
(a) 150,000 (b) 156,250
(c) 156,500 (d) 155,250
The mean proportional of 8 and x is 12. What is the value of x?

8.
(a) 18 (b) 16 (c) 15 (d) 12

7.4 Chapter 7 Ratios and Their Applications
Ramesh scored 65, 70, 90, 80, 92 and 68 marks in six different subjects. The
maximum mark in each subject is 100. Find the average percentage of the
marks.
(a) 65% (b) 82.5% (c) 72% (d) 77.5%
10. A alone can do a piece of work in 12 days and B can do the same work in
15 days. If they complete the work together and receive a total amount of
`1800, then find the share of B.
(a) `700 (b) `800 (c) `900 (d) `1000
11. If a train 200 m long takes 20 s to cross a pole, then how much time does it
take to cross a bridge of length 300 m (in seconds)?
(a) 30 (b) 40 (c) 50 (d) 60
Directions for questions 12 to 15: Match the statements of Column A with those of
Column B.
Column A Column B
12. If a:b = 3:4 and b:c = 2:1, then a:c (a) 4:5
13. If 5p = 4q, then p:q (b) 2:3
14. If 60% of x = 40% of y, then x:y (c) 5:4
15. The ratio of 2 litres and 1500 mL (d) 3:2
(e) 4:3
Answer Keys
Assessment Test I
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (c) 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (b)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (c) 15. (e)
Assessment Test II
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (b)
11. (c) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (e)

Time and Work,
Time and Distance 8
Reference: Coursebook - IIT Foundation Mathematics Class 7; Chapter - Expressions and Special Products; pp. 2.1–2.13
1. Suresh can complete a work in 40 days and Rajesh can complete the same
work in 60 days. Find the sequential order of steps, in how many days will
they complete the work by working together?
1 1
(A) Rajesh and Suresh’s one day’s works are and , respectively.
60 40
1 1
(B) One day’s work of both is + .
40 60
(C) Both can complete the work in 24 days.
1
(D) One day’s work of both =
24
(a) ACDB (b) BCAD (c) CDBA (d) ABDC
1.69 × 1.69 − 0.23 × 0.23

2. = _________
1.69 − 0.23
(a) 1.46 (b) 14.6 (c) 1.92 (d) 19.2
3. Solve for: (x + 4) (x + 3).

(a) x2 + 4x + 12 (b) x2 + 3x + 12
(c) x2 + 7x + 12 (d) x2 + 7x + 7
4. What is the remainder when 3x2 + 4x + 5 is divided by x − 3?

(a) −27 (b) −20 (c) 20 (d) 44
5. Factorize: xz + z + x + 1
(a) (x + z) (z + 1) (b) (x + 1) (z − 1)
(c) (x + 1) (z + 1) (d) (x − z) (x + z)
6. Factorize: x2 + 2z2 + 3xz

(a) (x + z) (2x + z) (b) (x − z) (x − 2z)
(c) (x + z) (x + 2z) (d) (x + z) (x − 2z)

8.2 Chapter 8 Time and Work, Time and Distance
Find the area of a rectangle whose two adjacent sides are (x2 − x + 1) and
(x2 + x + 1).
(a) x4 − x2 + 1 (b) x4 − x2 − 1
(c) x4 + x2 − 1 (d) x4 + x2 + 1
A 300 m long train crosses a pole in 15 s. What is the speed of the train
8.
(in kmph)?
(a) 18 (b) 36 (c) 72 (d) 90
Pavan is thrice as efficient as Koushik. Pavan alone takes 30 days to com-

9.
plete a work. In how many days can Koushik finish the same work?
(a) 10 (b) 90 (c) 60 (d) 120
10. A, B, and C can finish a work in 10 days, 12 days and 15 days, respectively.
If they complete the work, working together and receive an amount of
`150,000, then the share of A is `_________.
(a) 90,000 (b) 70,000 (c) 60,000 (d) 50,000
11. Raju has travelled for 4 h at 60 kmph and 6 h at 40 kmph. What is the aver-
age speed of Raju for the entire journey (in kmph)?
(a) 56 (b) 50 (c) 48 (d) 45
12. If A and B together can do a work in 24 days, B and C together can complete
it in 30 days, A and C together in 40 days, then all of them together can com-
plete the work in _________ days.
(a) 10 (b) 15 (c) 20 (d) 30
13. If 15 men completed one-third of a work in 20 days, then how many more
men are required to complete the remaining work in 15 days?
(a) 10 (b) 15 (c) 20 (d) 25
14. A train travelling at a speed of 40 m/s crosses a 150 m platform in 20 s. Find

the length of the train.
(a) 500 m (b) 550 m (c) 600 m (d) 650 m
Column A Column B
(i) (x + 3) (x − 2) (A) x2 + 5x + 6
(ii) (x − 3) (x + 2) (B) x2 + x - 6
(iii) (x + 3) (x + 2) (C) x2 - 5x + 6
(iv) (x − 3) (x − 2) (D) x2 - x - 6

(a) (i) → (A); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (D) Space for rough work
(b) (i) → (B); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (D)
(c) (i) → (B); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (C)
(d) (i) → (D); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (B)

A boat can travel at a speed of 40 kmph downstream and at a speed of 30
1.
kmph upstream. Find the sequential order to calculate the speed of the boat
in still water.
(A) Speed of the boat in still water be u kmph and that of the stream be v kmph.
(B) (u − v) + (u + v) = 70
(C) u − v = 30
(D) u + v = 40
(E) Speed of the boat in still water 35 kmph.
(a) ABDEC (b) BADEC
(c) BDCAE (d) CDABE
1.06 × 1.06 − 0.46 × 0.46

2. = _________
1.06 + 0.46
(a) 0.6 (b) 0.06 (c) 1.52 (d) 0.152
(x + y) ( x + y ) ( x − y ) = _________
3.
(a) x2 − y2 (b) x−y

(c) 2 x (d) 2 x + 2 y
What is the remainder when (5x2 − x + 5) is divided by (x + 3)?

4.
(a) 50 (b) 43 (c) 47 (d) 53
Factorize: ab − a − b + 1
5.
(a) (a − 1) (b − 1) (b) (a − 1) (b + 1)
(c) (a + 1) (b + 1) (d) (a + 1) (b − 1)
Factorize: −3a2 + 5b2 − 2ab

6.
(a) (b − a) (5b + 3a) (b) (b − a) (3a − 5b)
(c) (a + b) (3a + 5b) (d) (a + b) (3a − 5b)
Find the area of a square whose side is a − b + c.

7.
(a) a2 + b2 + c2 − 2ab − 2bc − 2ca
(b) a2 + b2 + c2 − 2ab − 2bc + 2ca
(c) a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
(d) a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc − 2ca

A person travels 200 km in 25 h. What is the speed of the person (in m/s)?
5 20 25 10
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 9 9 3
A is four times as efficient as B alone. If B takes 40 days to complete a piece

9.
of work, in how many days can A finish the work?
(a) 10 (b) 20 (c) 80 (d) 160
10. P and Q can finish a piece of work in 5 days and 6 days, respectively. If they
complete the work working together and receive an amount of `132,000,
then the share of Q is ` _________.
(a) 60,000 (b) 65,000 (c) 72,000 (d) 75,000
11. Karuna has travelled for 4 h at 50 kmph, 6 h at 60 kmph and 5 h at 38 kmph.

Find the average speed of Karuna for the entire journey (in kmph).
(a) 50 (b) 42 (c) 40 (d) 38
12. If A and B together can do a work in 8 days, B and C together can complete
it in 12 days, A and C together can complete it in 16 days, then find the time
taken by A to complete it.
1 1 1 1
(a) 18 (b) 19 (c) 16 (d) 17
5 5 5 5
13. If 15 women can complete a work in 8 h, then 12 women can complete the
same work in _______ hours.
(a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 11 (d) 12
14. A train of length 250 m crosses a platform of 200 m length in 15 s. Then the
speed of the train is _________. (in kmph)
(a) 30 kmph (b) 152 kmph
50
(c) 108 kmph (d) kmph
6
Column A Column B
(i) 2x2 + x − 1 (A) (x − 1) (2x + 1)
(ii) 2x2 − 3x + 1 (B) (x + 1) (2x − 1)
(iii) 2x2 + 3x + 1 (C) (x + 1) (2x + 1)
(iv) 2x2 − x − 1 (D) (x − 1) (2x − 1)

(a) (i) → (B); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (A) Space for rough work
(b) (i) → (B); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (A)
(c) (i) → (A); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (C)
(d) (i) → (D); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (B)
Answer Keys
Assessment Test I
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (c)
11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (d) 14. (d) 15. (c)
Assessment Test II
1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (a)
11. (a) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (b)

Statistics and Set
Theory 9
Reference: Coursebook - IIT Foundation Mathematics Class 7; Chapters - Statistics; Set Theory; pp. 9.1–9.14; 10.1–10.9
1. The mean of 8, 15, x, 21, and 28 is 18. The following are the steps involved in
finding the value of x. Arrange them in sequential order.
(A) 72 + x = 90
The sum of observations
(B) Arithmetic mean =
Total number of observations
(C) x = 90 − 72 = 18
8 + 15 + x + 21 + 28
(D) 18 =
5
(a) DBAC (b) BDAC (c) BDCA (d) BADC
2. The mean of 12 observations is 15. If two observations 11 and 19 are deleted,

then find the mean of the remaining observations.
(a) 18 (b) 16 (c) 15 (d) 14
3. In a bar graph, the height of a bar is 7 cm and it represents 105 units. Find
the height of a bar representing 180 units.
(a) 12 cm (b) 11 cm (c) 10 cm (d) 9 cm
4. There are 30 students in a class. The average weight of 12 students is 40 kg

and the average weight of the remaining 18 students is 42 kg each. What is
the average weight of all the students?
(a) 41.2 kg (b) 41.4 kg
(c) 41.7 kg (d) 41.9 kg
5. In a pie chart, the central angle of a component is 108° and its value is 39.
Find the total value of all the components of the data.
(a) 100 (b) 110 (c) 143 (d) 130

9.2 Chapter 9 Statistics and Set Theory
The median of 12, 24, 19, 17, x, 32, and 35, is x. Which of the following can be
the value of x?
(a) 16 (b) 18 (c) 21 (d) 27
Find the probability of getting a composite number when a dice is rolled.

7.
1 1 1 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 4 3
If A ⊂ B, n(A) = 10 and n(B) = 15, then n (A ∩ B) = _________.

8.
(a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 15 (d) 25
If P = {Factors of 18} and Q = {Factors of 24}, then n (P ∪ Q) = _________.

9.
(a) 12 (b) 11 (c) 10 (d) 9
10. In a class of 40 students, each student plays chess or carom or both. The
number of students who play chess is 20 and the number of students who
play carom is 35. Find the number of students who play only chess.
(a) 5 (b) 8 (c) 10 (d) 12
11. There are 50 persons in a group; eight of them can speak neither English nor
Hindi. The number of persons who speak English is 24 and the number of
persons who speak Hindi is 38. Find the number of persons who can speak
English and Hindi.
(a) 14 (b) 16 (c) 18 (d) 20
Directions for questions 12 to 15: Match the statements of Column A with values of
Column B.
Column A Column B
(a) 5
12. If A = { x: x < 10, x ∈ N } and B = {x: x ≤ 15,
x ∈ W}, then n (B − A) is

13. The cardinal number of the set contain- (b) 6
ing the letters of the word “SCIENCE” is
14. The number of subsets of a set contain- (c) 7
ing 3 elements is
15. If X = { 1, {2, 3}, 4, 5, {6, 7, 8}, 9}, then (d) 8
n (X) is
(e) 9

The mean of a, b, and 8 is 12. The following are the steps involved in finding
1.
the mean of a, b, and 14. Arrange them in sequential order.
a + b + 14 28 + 14
(A) =
3 3
a+b+8
(B) = 12 ⇒ a + b + 8 = 36
3
42
(C) = 14
3
(D) a + b = 36 – 8
(a) ACBD (b) BADC (c) BDAC (d) ADBC
The mean of 9 observations is 12. If two observations 16 and 19 are added,

2.
then find the mean of the remaining observations.
(a) 12 (b) 13 (c) 14 (d) 15
In a pictograph, if 8 pictures represent 176 cars, then what is the number of

3.
cars represented by 15 pictures?
(a) 300 (b) 315 (c) 330 (d) 345
There are 40 students in a class, of them the average height of 22 students is

4.
160 cm each, and the average height of the remaining 18 students is 165 cm.
Find the average height of all the students.
(a) 162.25 cm (b) 162.5 cm
(c) 162.75 cm (d) 163 cm
In a pie chart, the central angle of a component is 81° and its value is 54.
5.
What is the total value of all the components of the data?
(a) 180 (b) 200 (c) 220 (d) 240
The median of 23, 35, 15, 8, x, 42, and 28 is x. Which of the following cannot
6.
be the value of x?
(a) 28 (b) 29 (c) 25 (d) 27
Find the probability of getting a prime number when a dice is rolled.

7.
1 1 1 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 4 3

If A ⊂ B, n(A) = 8 and n(B) = 12, then n(A ∪ B) = _________.

(a) 20 (b) 8 (c) 12 (d) 4
If P = {Factors of 28} and Q = {Factors of 36}, then n(P ∩ Q) = _________.

9.
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
10. In a class of 30 students, each student plays cricket or football or both. The
number of students who play cricket and both the games are 23 and 6,
respectively. What is the number of students who play only football?
(a) 10 (b) 9 (c) 8 (d) 7
11. In a locality, there are 100 residents. Sixty of them take tea, 35 of them take
‘coffee’, and 10 take both tea and coffee. Find the number of persons who
take neither tea nor coffee.
(a) 10 (b) 15 (c) 20 (d) 25
Directions for questions 12 to 15: Match the statements of Column A with the values
of Column B.
Column A Column B
12. If P = {x: x ≤ 15, x ∈ N} and Q = {x: x (a) 9
is an odd natural number and x < 20},
then n(P − Q} is
13. The cardinal number of the set (b) 7
containing the letters of the word
“MATHEMATICS” is
14. The number of subsets of a set con- (c) 12
taining 4 elements is
15. If X = {b, c, d}, e, f, g, h, {i} j, k, {l, m}}, (d) 16
then n(X) is
(e) (8)

The following are the steps involved in preparing a frequency table to ana-
1.
lyse 50 families based on the number of children of those families. Arrange
(A) Record tally marks for the entire data.
(B) Count the tally marks and write the number under frequency column.
(C) Draw a table with columns namely (1). number of children, (2). Tally
marks, and (3). number of families (frequency).
(D) Select a family and write tally mark against the corresponding number
of children.
(a) CBDA (b) DCAB (c) CDAB (d) CBAD
In a pie chart, the central angle of a component, which is 15% of the total
2.
value of all the components, is _________.
(a) 42° (b) 54° (c) 72° (d) 48°
In a bar graph, the height of a bar is 5.4 cm. If 1 cm = 90 units, then the value
3.
represented by the bar is _________ units.
(a) 720 (b) 649 (c) 486 (d) 376
What is the mean of all the odd numbers greater than 10 and less than 30?
4.
(a) 18.5 (b) 19 (c) 19.5 (d) 20
Find the median of the following observation 21, 31, 29, 41, 49, 40, 39, 35, 29,
5.
50, and 45.
(a) 40 (b) 35 (c) 41 (d) 39
The mode of the data 18, 19, 18, 17, 16, 17, 19, 16, 19, x, 19, 20, and 20 is x, then
6.
find the value of x.
(a) 17 (b) 19 (c) 20 (d) 18
What is the probability of getting a prime number when we select a number

7.
randomly from the first 30 natural numbers?
1 2 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
5 5 4 3
When a dice is rolled, what is the probability of getting a composite number?

8.
1 1 2 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 3 5

9. Which of the following are disjoint sets? Space for rough work
(a) A: {All even numbers less than 10}
B: {All prime number less than 10}
(b) A: {All odd numbers greater than 7}
B: {All even numbers greater than 5}
(c) A: {All odd numbers}
B: {All prime numbers}
(d) A: {All composite numbers}
B: {All odd numbers}
10. Which of the following is a singleton set?

(a) A = {Composite numbers less than 6}
(b) B = {Prime numbers less than 5}
(c) C = {Odd primes less than 7}
(d) D = {Even primes greater than 5}
11. The roster form of A = {x: x = n2 + n, where x < 10, n ∈ N} is _________.

(a) {1, 2, 3} (b) {6, 9}
(c) {2, 6} (d) {0, 2, 6}
12. If A = {2, 3, 7, 8} and B = {1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9}, then A ∪ B = _________.

(a) {1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9} (b) {1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9}
(c) {2, 3, 5, 7} (d) {2, 3, 7}
13. If A = {multiples of 6} and B = {multiples of 8}, then A ∩ B is the set of multi-

ples of _________.
(a) 12 (b) 16 (c) 24 (d) 18
14. If n(A) = 15 and n(B) = 12, n(A ∩ B) = 7, then find n(A ∪ B).
(a) 26 (b) 20 (c) 27 (d) 7
15. Match the values of Column A with those of Column B for the sets A = {3, 4, 5}
and B = {2, 3, 4}.
Column A Column B
(i) A − B (A) {2}
(ii) A ∩ B (B) {3, 4}
(iii) A ∪ B (C) {5}
(iv) B − A (D) {2, 3, 4, 5}

(a) (i) → (C); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (D) Space for rough work
(b) (i) → (D); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (C)
(c) (i) → (C); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (A)
(d) (i) → (A); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (C)

1. The following are the steps to construct a pie diagram. Arrange them in
sequential order.
(A) Mark the angles at the centre of the circle and draw the sectors.
(B) Convert the value of each component of the data into its equivalent
degrees using the formula.
(C) Draw a circle with appropriate radius.
(D) Consider the total value of all the items equal to 360°.
(a) DCBA (b) DBAC (c) DCAB (d) DBCA
In a pie chart, the central angle for a component of 72°, when the total value
2.
is 540°, is _________.
(a) 48° (b) 50° (c) 60° (d) 36°
In a bar diagram, if the scale 1 cm = 60 units, then find the length of the bar
3.
representing 420 units.
(a) 8 cm (b) 7 cm (c) 6 cm (d) 10 cm
What is the mean of the first 5 prime numbers?

4.
(a) 5.6 (b) 5.8 (c) 6.4 (d) 6.6
Find the median of the observation 17, 14, 13, 12, 18, 19, 16, 14, 12, 19, 16, 25,
5.
and 15.
(a) 17 (b) 19 (c) 16 (d) 15
Find the mode of the following data:

6.
14, 7, 17, 11, 17, 7, 14, 15, 17, 11, 7, 11, 11, and 14
(a) 17 (b) 7 (c) 11 (d) 14
If we select an even number from 20 consecutive even numbers greater than

7.
20 and less than 62, then what is the probability that the number is divisible
by ‘6’?
6 7 8 9
(a) (b) (c) (d)
20 20 20 20
When we roll a dice once, what is the probability of getting a prime number?
8.
1 2 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 3 4

Which of the following represents disjoint sets?

A
A B
(a) (b) B
A B
A B
(c) (d)
10. Which of the following is a singleton set?

(a) {Odd primes less than 9}
(b) {Odd composites less than 10}
(c) {Composites less than 8}
(d) {Composites less than 9}
11. The roster form of Y = {x: x = n2 − n + 1, where n ∈ N and n < 5}.

(a) {2, 3, 7, 9} (b) {1, 3, 7, 13, 21}
(c) {0, 1, 3, 7, 13} (d) {1, 3, 7, 13}
12. If A = {1, 2, 5, 7, 9} and B = {2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8}, then A ∩ B = _________.

(a) {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} (b) {1, 2, 3, 7}
(c) {2, 7} (d) {1, 3, 5}
13. If A = {Factors of 36} and B = {Factors of 48}, then find A − B.

(a) {9, 18, 36} (b) {8, 9, 18}
(c) {8, 9, 12, 36} (d) {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12}
14. If n(A) = 12, n(B) = 8, and B ⊂ A, then find n(A ∪ B).

(a) 8 (b) 12 (c) 20 (d) 4
15. Match the figures of Column A and the values of Column B.
Column A Column B
(i) A B (A) A ⊂ B
(ii) A B (B) A ∪ B

Column A Column B Space for rough work
(iii) A B (C) A ∩ B
(iv) B (D) B - A
A
(a) (i) → (B); (ii) → (C); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (A)

(b) (i) → (C); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (A)
(c) (i) → (C); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (D)
(d) (i) → (C); (ii) → (A); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (B)
Answer Keys
Assessment Test I
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (a)
11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (d) 15. (b)
Assessment Test II
1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (a) 10. (d)
11. (b) 12. (b) 13. (e) 14. (d) 15. (a)
Assessment Test III

1. (c) 2. (b) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (d) 8. (b) 9. (b) 10. (a)
11. (c) 12. (a) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (c)
Assessment Test IV
1. (d) 2. (a) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (b)
11. (d) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (b)

Hints and Explanation
CHAPTER 1
Equations and Their Applications
Assessment Test I
2 3 35
1. The required sequential order is CADB. 6. Given, + =
x x 4
Hence, the correct option is (b). 2 + 3 35
⇒ =
1 1 1 x 4
2. = +
f u v 5 35
⇒ =
1 1 1 x 4
⇒ = −
u f v 1 7
⇒ =
1 v− f x 4
⇒ = 4
u fv ⇒x=
7
fv Hence, the correct option is (c).
⇒ u=
v− f
7. Let the number be x.
Hence, the correct option is (c).
y +1 3 1
3. From the given table, y = 2x − 1 or x = Given, x − x = 65
2 4 3
Hence, the correct option is (d). 9x − 4 x
⇒ = 65
A 12
4. A = p (R2 − r2) ⇒ R2 − r2 =
p ⇒ 5x = 65 × 12
A ⇒ x = 13 × 12
⇒R = 2 +r 2
p
⇒ x = 156
A Hence, the correct option is (d).
⇒ R= + r2
p
8. Given, 0.6 (4x − 3) − 0.8 (2x + 4) = 1.4
Hence, the correct option is (a).
⇒ 2.4x − 1.8 − 1.6x − 3.2 = 1.4
5. Let the two parts be x and 84 − x, respectively, ⇒ 0.8x − 5 = 1.4
and the larger part be 84 − x.
⇒ 0.8x = 6.4
1
Given, x = (84 − x) ⇒x=8
3
⇒ 3x = 84 − x ⇒ x = 21 Hence, the correct option is (a).
\ The larger part = 84 − x 9. Let the present age of son be x years.
= 84 − 21 = 63 \ The present age of father is 2x years.
Hence, the correct option is (b). Given, 2x − 15 = 3(x − 15)
M01_IIT-FOUNDATION_XXXX_CH01_HINTS.indd 1 4/10/2018 10:01:53 AM

A.2 Chapter 1 Equations and Their Applications
⇒ 2x − 15 = 3x − 45 15. → c: a = k (b + c)
⇒ x = 30 a
⇒b+c=
\ The present age of father = 2x years = 60 k
a
years ⇒c= −b
k
Hence, the correct option is (c). a − bk
⇒c=
10. Let the ten’s digit be x. k
\ The unit’s digit is x + 2.
The number is 10x + 1(x + 2). Assessment Test II
i.e., 11x + 2 The required sequential order is BADC.
1.
Given, x + (x + 2) Hence, the correct option is (d).
= 11x + 2 − 27 (100 + g ) C
⇒ 2x + 2 = 11x − 25 Given, S =
2.
100
⇒ 9x = 27 ⇒ (100 + g) C = 100S
⇒x=3 100 S
⇒ 100 + g =
\ Units digit = x + 2 = 5 C
The required number is 35. 100 S
⇒g= − 100
\ The product of the digits = 15 C
100 S − 100 C
Hence, the correct option is (b). ⇒g=
C
11. 5x − 1 < 3x + 7 100(S − C )
⇒ 5x − 3x < 7 + 1 ⇒g=
C
⇒ 2x < 8 Hence, the correct option is (c).
⇒x<4
From the given table, x and y are supplemen-
3.
x = 3 satisfies the given inequation. tary angles, i.e., x + y = 180° \ x = 180° − y.
Hence, the correct option is (c). Hence, the correct option is (b).
12. → b: a = k (b − c) 2S
a From option (c), we get t =
4. ⇒ t2
⇒b−c= 2S 2 u + a
k =
a 2u + a
⇒b= +c 1
k ⇒ 2ut2 + at2 = 2S ⇒ S = ut2 + at2
a + ck 2
⇒b= 1
k but S = ut + at2
2
k
13. → a: a = \ Option (c) is false.
b+c
k Let the first part and the second part be x and y,
5.
⇒b+c=
a respectively.
3y
k Given, 2x = 3y ⇒ x = (1)
⇒c= −b 2
a x + y = 175
k − ab
⇒c= 3y
a ⇒ + y = 175 [from Eq. (1)]
2
b−c
14. → d: a = 3 y + 2y 5y
k = 175 ⇒ = 175 ⇒ y = 70
⇒ b − c = ak 2 2
⇒ b = ak + c Hence, the correct option is (c).

Hints and Explanation A.3
5 7 72 ⇒ 4x > 8
6. + =
2 x 2 x 11 ⇒x>2
5 + 7 72 Hence, the correct option is (d).
⇒ =
2x 11 12. → c: xy + zx = k − yz
12 72 1 12 11 ⇒ xy + yz = k − zx
⇒ = ⇒ = ⇒x=
2 x 11 x 11 12 ⇒ y (x + z) = k − zx
k − zx
⇒y=
Let the number be x.
7. x+z
2 3
Given, x − x = 35 k
3 5 13. → b: yz − ky =
x
10 x − 9 x
⇒ = 35 k
15 ⇒ + ky = yz
x
⇒ x = 525
Hence, the correct option is (b). 1 
⇒ k  + y  = yz
x 
8. 3(4 − 0.7x) − 5 (2 − 0.4x) = 12
 1 + xy 
⇒ 12 − 2.1x − 10 + 2x = 12 ⇒k  = yz
 x 
⇒ −0.1x + 2 = 12
xyz
⇒ −0.1x = 10 ⇒k=
xy + 1
10
⇒x= ⇒ x = −100
−0.1 k k
14. → a: = −z
Hence, the correct option is (a). x y
Let the present age of B be x years.

9. k k
⇒ − =z
\ The present age of A = 3x years y x
Given, 3x + 8 = 2(x + 8)  1 1
⇒k  −  =z
⇒ 3x + 8 = 2x + 16  y x
⇒x=8
 x − y
Hence, the correct option is (d). ⇒k  =z
 xy 
10. Let the unit’s digit be x.
xyz
\ The ten’s digit is x + 2. ⇒k=
x−y
\ The required number is 10(x + 2) + x.
i.e., 11x + 20 15. → d: xyz = kx − y
Given x + (x + 2) = 11x + 20 − 36 ⇒ xyz + y = kx
⇒ 2x + 2 = 11x − 16 ⇒ y (xz + 1) = kx
⇒ 9x = 18 ⇒ x = 2 kx
⇒y=
\ The required number = 11x + 20 = 11 (2) + xz + 1
20 = 42
\ The required product = 4 × 2 = 8 Assessment Test III
Hence, the correct option is (a). 8x + 7 3x + 7
1. + =2
11. 12x − 5 > 8x + 3 15 10
⇒ 12x − 8x > 3 + 5 The LCM of 15 and 10 is 30.

A.4 Chapter 1 Equations and Their Applications
2(8 x + 7 ) + 3(3 x + 7 ) 10 x
⇒ =2 ⇒ ≤ 30 ⇒ x ≤ 21
30 7
⇒ 25x + 35 = 60 Hence, the correct option is (a).
⇒x=1
From the given table, x + y = 180°.
8.
∴ CADBE is the required sequential order.
3 5 PTR
Given, + = 2
2. Given, I =
9.
x x 100
8 The auxiliary formula of the above equation:
⇒ =2
x 100I 100I 100I
R= ; T= ; P=
8 PT PR TR
⇒x= =4
2 \ The option (d) follows.
Hence, the correct option is (a). Hence, the correct option is (d).
x x x (100 + g ) C
Given,
3. + + =7 10. Given, S =
2 4 8 100
The LCM of 2, 4, and 8 is 8. 100S
= 100 + g
4 x + 2x + x C
⇒ =7
8 100( 495)
= 100 + g
7x 450
⇒ =7
8 10 (11) = 100 + g
⇒x=8
g = 110 − 100 = 10
Hence, the correct option is (d).
Hence, the correct option is (b).
Let the two-digit number be 10x + y.
4. n ( n + 1) ( 2n + 1)
11. Given, the number of squares =
The required sum 6
Here, n = 5
= (10x + y) + (10y + x)
= 11x + 11y = 11 (x + y) 5 (6 )(11)
= = 55
∴ The required sum is always divisible by 11. 6
Hence, the correct option is (b). Hence, the correct option is (c).
Given, x − 3 < 2 and x ∈ W

5. 12. A = 2 (lb + bh + lh)
⇒ x < 5 and x ∈ W Hence, the correct option is (a).
⇒ x ∈ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} 13. From the table,
Hence, the correct option is (d). a2 + b2 = c2
Given, 2x + 3 > −8
6. Hence, the correct option is (b).
⇒ 2x > −11 14. Given, 3x + 2 = 7x − 38
⇒ x > −5.5 ⇒ 3x − 7x = −8 − 2
\ The option (c) follows. ⇒ −4x = −40
Hence, the correct option is (c). ⇒ x = 10
3x Hence, the correct option is (d).
Given,
7. − 18 ≤ 12 − x, x ∈ Q
7
3x 15. (i) → (B), (ii) → (D), (iii) → (C), (iv) → (A)
+ x ≤ 12 +18
7 Hence, the correct option is (a).

Assessment Test IV Given, 2.5x + 22 > x + 7, x ∈ Q

7.
2.5x − x > 7 − 22
3x + 4 > 5x − 12
1.
1.5x > −15
⇒ 3x − 5x > −12 − 4
x > −10
⇒ − 2x > −16
⇒ x < 8, x ∈ W
⇒ x ∈ {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} From the given table, ab = 1200.
8.
∴ DACEB is the required sequential order. Hence, the correct option is (d).
Hence, the correct option is (b). 9. Given, d = st
9 6 1 d d
Given,
2. − = ⇒ s = and t =
x x 3 t s
\ Only option (c) follows.
3 1
=⇒ Hence, the correct option is (c).
x 3
100S
⇒x=9 10. Given, C =
(100 − l)
x x x (100 − l)C
Given, − +
3. =5 S=
5 10 15 100
(100 − 20) 500
The LCM of 5, 10, and 15 is 30. S= = `400
100
6 x − 3 x + 2x
⇒ =5 Hence, the correct option is (a).
30
n(n − 3)
⇒ 5x = 150 11. Given the number of diagonals = .
2
⇒ x = 30 Here, n = 10
Hence, the correct option is (a). 10(7 )
= = 35
2
Let the two-digit number be 10x + y.
The required difference = (10x + y) − (10y + x)
(Let 10x + y > 10y + x) 12. A = p (R2 − r2)
= 9x − 9y = 9 (x − y) Hence, the correct option is (d).
∴ The required difference is always divisible 13. From the table,
by 9. 2(x + y) = z
Hence, the correct option is (a). Hence, the correct option is (c).
Given, x + 2 ≥ 2 and x ∈ N
5. 14. Given, 8x − 4 = 3x − 29
x ≥ 0, and x ∈ N ⇒ 8x − 3x = −29 + 4
⇒ x ∈ {1, 2, 3, 4, ...} ⇒ 5x = −25
Hence, the correct option is (b). ⇒ x = −5
Given, 3x − 2 ≤ 4
6. Hence, the correct option is (a).
⇒ 3x ≤ 6 15. (i) → (D), (ii) → (C), (iii) → (B), (iv) → (A)
⇒x≤2 Hence, the correct option is (b).
\ The option (c) follows.

A.6 Chapter 2 Expressions and Special Products
CHAPTER 2
Expressions and Special Products
Assessment Test I
1 1 1
x2 − y2 − z2 + 2yz
1. x+
8. = 3 ⇒ (x + )2 = 9 ⇒ x2 + 2 + 2 = 9
x x x
= x2 − y2 − z2 + 2yz
1 1
= x2 − (y2 + z2 − 2yz) ⇒ x2 + 2 = 7 ⇒ (x2 + 2 )2 = 49
x x
= x2 − (y − z)2 1
⇒ x4 + 2 + 4 = 49
= (x + y − z) (x − y + z) x
\ The required sequential order is BADC. 1
∴ x4 + 4 = 47
Hence, the correct option is (d). x
A - 2B = (4x3 - 6x2 + 5) - 2(2x3 + 3x2 + 5x)
2.
= 4x3 - 6x2 + 5 - 4x3 - 6x2 - 10x = 5 - 10x - 12x2 xy + x - y - 1 = x(y + 1) - 1(y + 1) = (y + 1) (x - 1)
9.
Hence, the correct option is (d). Hence, the correct option is (b).
PQ = (x2 - 2x + 3) (x2 - 5)
3. 10. 27x4y2z = 33 · x4 · y2 · z
= x4 - 5x2 - 2x3 + 10x + 3x2 - 15 36x3y4 = 22 · 32 · x3 · y4
= x4 - 2x3 - 2x2 + 10x - 15 \ HCF = 32 × x3 × y2 = 9x3y2
Hence, the correct option is (d). Hence, the correct option is (d).
11. 8x3 + 8x2 + 2x + 5
A+B+C=
4.
)
x − 1 8x4 − 6x2 + 3x − 5
 x23x 4   3x 8 x2   4 3x 2 x2  8x4 - 8x3
 3 − 4 + 5  +  4 − 5 + 3  +  5 − 4 − 3 
- +
8x3 - 6x2
2 x2 2 x2 3 x 3 x 3 x 4 8 4 −3 x
= − − + − + − + = 8x3 - 8x2
3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 4
- +
2x + 3x - 5
2
(x + a) (x + b) + (x - b) (a - x)
5. 2x2 - 2x
= x2 + ax + bx + ab + ax - x2 - ab + bx - +
= 2ax + 2bx = 2x(a + b) 5x - 5
Hence, the correct option is (c). 5x - 5
- +
(x + 2y)2 - (x - 2y)2 = 4x(2y) = 8xy
6. 0
[ (a + b)2 - (a - b)2 = 4ab]
∴
\ Quotient is 8x3 + 8x2 + 2x + 5.
Hence, the correct option is (b). Hence, the correct option is (d).
(x + 2) (x + 6) (x - 4) = x3 + (2 + 6 - 4) x2 + (2 ×
7. 12. → (c): (2x - 3y)2 = 4x2 - 12xy + 9y2
6 - 6 × 4 - 4 × 2) x - 2 × 6 × 4
13. → (b): (3x - 2y)2 = 9x2 - 12xy + 4y2
= x3 + 4x2 + (12 - 24 - 8)x - 48
= x3 + 4x2 - 20x - 48 14. → (d): (3x + 2y) (3x - y) = 9x2 + 3xy - 2y2
Hence, the correct option is (c). 15. → (a): (2x + 3y) (3x - 2y) = 6x2 + 5xy - 6y2

Assessment Test II 1
x2 + =5
4 x2
xy + ab + ay + bx
1.
Squaring on both sides,
= xy + ab + ay + bx 2
 2 1 
 x + 2  = (5)
2
= xy + ay + ab + bx
4x
= (x + a)y + (a + x)b 2
1  1 
= (x + a) (y + b) x4 + 2 · x2· +  2  = 25
4x 2  4x 
\ The required sequential order is BDAC.
1 1 1
Hence, the correct option is (a). x4 + 4
= 25 - = 24
16 x 2 2
P - 2Q = 6x3 - 7x2 + 3x - 8 - 2 (3x3 - 3x2 - 2x - 4)
= 6x3 - 7x2 + 3x - 8 - 6x3 + 6x2 + 4x + 8 = 7x - x2
x2 - x + y - y2
9.
= x2 - y2 - x + y
AB = (2x2 - 3x + 5) (3x2 - 2)
3. = (x + y) (x - y) - 1 (x - y)
= 6x4 - 9x3 + 15x2 - 4x2 + 6x - 10 = (x - y) (x + y - 1)
= 6x4 - 9x3 + 11x2 + 6x - 10 Hence, the correct option is (c).
10. 36x4 y3 z2 = 22 × 32 × x4 × y3 × z2
x2 2 x 7 2 x 7 x2 7 x2 2 x
K+L+M = +
4. − + + + + − − 24x2 y4 z3 = 23 × 3 × x2 × y4 × z3
5 3 2 3 2 5 2 5 3
32x3 y5 z3 = 25 × x3 × y5 × z3
x2 2 x 7
= + + HCF = 22 × x2 × y3 × z2 = 4x2 y3 z2
5 3 2
(x + a) (x - b) + (b - x) (a + x) = (x - b) [x + a - a - x] = 0
5. 11. 4x3 − 10x2 + 15x − 15
Hence, the correct option is (d). )
x + 1 4x4 − 6x3 + 5x2 − 15
(2x + 3y)2 + (3x - 2y)2

6. 4x4 + 4x3
= 4x2 + 12xy + 9y2 + 9x2 - 12xy + 4y2 - -
= 13x2 + 13y2 -10x3 + 5x2
Hence, the correct option is (c). -10x3 - 10x2
+ +
(x + 3) (x - 5) (x + 7)
7. 15x2 - 15
= x3 + (3 - 5+ 7) x2 + (-15 - 35+ 21) x - 3 × 5 × 7 15x2 + 15x
= x3 + 5x2 - 29x - 105 - -
Hence, the correct option is (a). -15x - 15
1 -15x - 15
x-
8. =2
2x
+ +
Squaring on both sides,
2
0
 1
 x −  = 22 ∴ The quotient is 4x3 - 10x2 + 15x – 15.
2x
1 1
x2 - 2 · x · + =4
2x 4 x2 12. → (c): (ax + by) (bx - ay)
1 = abx2 - a2xy + b2xy - aby2
x2 + =4+1
4 x2 = abx2 + (b2 - a2) xy - aby2

13. → (b): (ax + by) (ay - bx) -3x3 + 5x2 + 5

5.
= a2xy - abx2 + aby2 - b2xy x3 - 3x2 - 4
= aby2 + (a2 - b2) xy - abx2 (-) (+) (+)
-4x3 + 8x2 + 9
14. → (d): (ax - by) (bx - ay) Hence, the correct option is (b).
= abx2 - a2xy - b2xy + aby2
= abx2 + aby2 - (a2 + b2) xy Given, (x2 - 4) (x + 2) and (x + 2)2 (x3 - 8)
6.
(x2 - 22) (x + 2) and (x + 2)2 (x - 2) (x2 - 2x + 4)
15. → (a): (ax - by) (bx + ay) (x - 2) (x + 2) (x + 2) and (x + 2)2 (x - 2) (x2 - 2x + 4)
= abx2 + a2xy - b2xy - aby2 HCF = (x + 2)2 (x - 2)
= abx2 + (a2 - b2) xy - aby2 = (x2 - 4) (x + 2)
Assessment Test III
Let a = 2k and b = 3k.
7.
1 3
Given, x -
1. =
x 2 4 a + 5b 4(2k ) + 5(3 k )
⇒ =
x2 − 1 3 6 a + 7 b 6(2k ) + 7(3 k )
=
x 2 23 k 23
= =
( x2 − 1)2 9 33 k 33
=
x2 4 Hence, the correct option is (a).
4 ( x2 − 1)2
=9 The ratio of three numbers is 2:3:4.
8.
x2
Let the numbers be 2k, 3k, and 4k.
∴ BDCA is the required sequential order.
⇒ 2k + 3k + 4k = 180
⇒ 9k = 180
Given expression: p(x) = 2x3 - x2 - 3
2. ⇒ k = 20
p(3) = 2(3)3 - (3)2 - 3 \ Larger number = 4k = 80
= 2(27) - 9 - 3 = 54 - 12 Hence, the correct option is (c).
= 42
37% of 63 + 63% of 63
9.
= 100% of 63
5
Let 5x -
3. =0 = 63
2
5 1
5x = ⇒x=
2 2 10. Number of students = 40
5 1 Number of girls = 30
\ Zero of 5x - is .
2 2 Number of boys = 10
Hence, the correct option is (a). Let x percentage of 10 be 30.
Given A = 2x2 - 3x - 5
4. x
× 10 = 30
B = x2 - 4x - 7 100
x = 300%
Now, A = 2x2 - 3x - 5
B = x2 - 4x - 7
+ B = 3x2 - 7x – 12 11. Let P = `x and R = 10
Hence, the correct option is (d). A = `5x (given)

⇒ I = `4x 1 1 1
PTR (iii) = × 100% = 33 %
We have, I = 3 3 3
100
1 1
x × T × 10 (iv) = × 100% = 50%
4x = 2 2
100
⇒ T = 40 years \ The option (b) follows.
Hence, the correct option is (b). Hence, the correct option is (b).
12. Assessment Test IV

A B 1 10
Given, y +
1. =
Expenditure 3x 4y y 3
y2 + 1 10
Savings 2x 5y =
y 3
Income 5x 9y Squaring on both sides,
2 ( y2 + 1)2 100
Given that B’s expenditure = =
3 y2 9
2 9(y2 + 1)2 = 100y2
A’s expenditure 4y = (3x)
3 9(y2 + 1)2 - 100y2 = 0
⇒ 2x = 4y
And also, 2x + 5y = 45,000 \ DCAB is the required sequential order.
⇒ 4y + 5y = 45,000
⇒ 9y = 45,000 Given, expression: p(x) = x4 - x3 - x2 + 3
2.
\ Salary of B = `45,000 p(-3) = (-3)4 - (-3)3 - (-3)2 + 3
Hence, the correct option is (d). = 81 + 27 - 9 + 3 = 102
13. Average score per
78 + 90 + 96 + 93 + 84 + 87 Let 6x2 - 216 = 0
3.
110 =
6 6x2 = 216
528 x2 = 36
= = 88
6 x=±6
88
Average percentage = × 100% ∴ The zero of 6x2 - 216 is ± 6.
110
= 80% Hence, the correct option is (c).
Given,
4.
14. C.P. = `750,000 A = x2 - x + 1
% of reduction = 20% B = - x2 + x + 1
\ S.P. = (100 - 20) of CP (+) (-) (-)
88 A - B = 2x2 - 2x
= × 750,000
= `600,000
Hence, the correct option is (c). -3x3 + 4xy2 + 3x2y - 5y3
5.
x3 + xy2 -2x2y + y3
1 1
15. (i) = × 100% = 20% (-) (-) (+) (-)
5 5
1 1 -4x3 + 3xy2 + 5x2y - 6y3
(ii) = × 100% = 25%
4 4 Hence, the correct option is (c).

Given, (x + 3)3 (x - 2)4 and (x - 2)2 (x + 3)2

6. \ T = 20 years
HCF = (x + 3)2 (x - 2)2 Hence, the correct option is (d).
12.
Let x = k and y = 2k
7. Krishna Ram
8 x − 3 y 8(k ) − 3(2k ) Expenditure 2x 3y
⇒ =
3 x + 2 y 3(k ) + 2(2k ) Savings 3x 2y
8k − 6k 2 Income 5x 5y
= =
3k + 4k 7 3
Hence, the correct option is (d). Given, 3x = (2y)
2
⇒x=y
The ratio of the ages of two persons is 4:7.
8.
And also 3x + 2y = 50,000
∴ Let their ages be 4k and 7k (in years).
⇒ 5y = 50,000
⇒ 4k + 7k = 132
∴ The salary of Ram is `50,000.
⇒ 11k = 132
⇒ k = 12
∴ The ages of the younger person = 4k = 48 88 + 69 + 89 + 95 + 94
13. Average score per 145 =
years. 5
435
Hence, the correct option is (b). = = 87
5
87% of 78 + 78% of 13
9. 87
∴Average percentage = × 100% = 60%
= 87% of 78 + 13% of 78 145
= 100% of 78 Hence, the correct option is (d).
= 78 14. C.P. = `12,00,000
Hence, the correct option is (a). % of profit = 60%
10. The number of girls = 24 S.P. = (100 + 60)% of CP
The number of boys = 12 160
= × 12,00,000
Let x% of 24 be 12. 160
x = `19,20,000
× 24 = 12
x = 50%
15. As P = I, R × T = 100
(i) 20 × 5 = 100
11. Let P = `x and R = 15% (ii) 10 × 10 = 100
A = 4x (given) (iii) 25 × 4 = 100
⇒ I = 3x (iv) 5 × 20 = 100
PTR
We have, I = The option (c) follows.
100
x × T × 15
3x =
100

Chapter 3
Geometry
Assessment Test I
To construct the circumcircle for triangle ABC,
1. 7.
the following are the steps involved:
D C
(B) Draw triangle ABC with the given
measurements.
50°
(A) Draw the perpendicular bisectors of the
sides of the triangle.
(C) Let the point of intersection of the per- 35°
A B
pendicular bisectors be ‘S’.
(E) Let AS = BS = CS = R
∠ABC = 180° − (∠BAC + ∠ACB)
(D) Draw the circle with centre S and the
= 180° − (35° + 50°)
radius R.
= 180° − 85°
∴ BACED is the required sequential order.
= 95°
∴ ∠ADC = ∠ABC = 95°
2x + 3x + 4x = 180°
9x = 180°
8.
x = 20°
⇒ The greatest angle, 4x = 80° S R
Hence, the correct option is (d). 108° 108°
The interior angle of a regular polygon =

3.
(2n − 4) × 90° P Q
.
n
 30 − 4  ∴ In an isosceles trapezium, angles on the
=  × 90° = 156°(n = 15)
 15  parallel sides are equal.
Hence, the correct option is (a). Hence, the correct option is (a).
Third side > 10 − 6 = 4

4. 9.
Third side < 10 + 6 = 16 R
Therefore, the option (c) follows.
Hence, the correct option is (c). 35°
E O
2
Circumradius, R =
5. × 6 = 4 cm
3 M
∠REO = 35° ⇒ ∠REM = 70°
A rectangle whose diagonals are perpendicular
6.
is a square. ⇒ ∠EMO = 180° − 70° = 110°
Hence, the correct option is (c). Hence, the correct option is (a).

A.12 Chapter 3 Geometry
10. (D) Let the point of concurrence of the angle

K C
bisectors be I.
45° (E) Let D be a point on any of the sides such
that ID is perpendicular to the side.
P 80°
(B) Draw the circle with I as centre and ID as
100° radius.
35° 45°
L O ∴ ACDEB is the required sequential order.
Let the diagonals intersect at P.
∠OKC = ∠KOL = 45° 2x + 3x + 3x + 4x = 12x = 360°
2.
⇒ ∠LPO = 100° x = 30°
⇒ ∠LCO + ∠KOC = 100° ∴ The largest angle, 4x = 120°
11. Only a and b are true. The sum of the interior angles of a polygon
3.
Hence, the correct option is (c). = (2n − 4) × 90° = (2 × 12 − 4) × 90°= 1800°
12. → (b):
Third side is less than (2014 + 2013), i.e., 4027
4.
and also greater than (2014 − 2013), i.e., 1.
1 line of symmetry
1 < third side < 4027
13. → (d): Hence, the correct option is (a).
1
In-radius =
5. × 9 cm = 3 cm
3
3 lines of symmetry Hence, the correct option is (c).
Kite has the diagonals which are perpendicular

6.
14. → (c): and a pair of adjacent and equal sides.
7.
2 lines of symmetry
S R
15. → (e): 40°
60° 50°
O
50° 110°
4 lines of symmetry
40°
P Q
Assessment Test II
∠PRQ = ∠RPS = 50° (Alternate angles)
To construct the incircle for triangle ABC, the
1. ∠SQP = ∠QSR = 40° (Alternate angles)
following are the steps involved:
Since ∠POQ = 110° and ∠RPS = 50°, ∠PSQ = 60°
(A) Draw triangle ABC.
∴ ∠PSR = 60° + 40° = 100°
(C) Draw the angle bisectors of ∠A, ∠B, and
∠C. Hence, the correct option is (b).

8. The order of rotational symmetry of an equi-

K C 360°
30°
lateral triangle = =3
120°
70° P 70°
13. → (d):
120° D C
30° 30°
R O
∠RPO = 120°, ∠RKO = 70°

In ∆ RPO, RP = OP
180° − 120° A B
⇒ ∠PRO = ∠POR = = 30°
2 The order of rotational symmetry of a square
∠CRO = ∠RCK = ∠CKO = 30° 360°
= =4
∴ ∠CKR = 30° + 70° = 100° 90°
Hence, the correct option is (a). 14. → (f):
The order of rotational symmetry of a hexa-
9.
360°
O gon = =6
60°
15. → (b):
D M
70° The order of rotational symmetry of a rhom-
E 360°
bus = =2
180°
⇒ ∠DEO = 70° = ∠OEM
∴ ∠DEM = 140° and ∠EMO = 180° − 140° = 40° Assessment Test III
Hence, the correct option is (d). The following are the steps involved to prove
1.
10. that the sum of three angles of a triangle is 180°:
K
(A) Draw XY parallel to BC and passing
C
through the point A.
70° 30° (B) ∠XAB = ∠ABC and ∠YAC = ∠ACB
80° (C) ∠XAB + ∠BAC + ∠CAY = 180°
M 70°
(D) ∠ABC + ∠BAC + ∠ACB = 180°
D O ∴ ABCD is the required sequential order.
∠DKO = ∠COK = 70°
∴ In ∆OMC, ∠OMC = 180 − (30 + 70) = 80° Let AB = BC = x.
2.
Hence, the correct option is (c). A
11. All the statements are true. 4√2

12. → (c):
B C
In ∆ABC,
120° AC2 = AB2 + BC2
120°
(4 2 )
2
120° = x2 + x2

2x2 = 32 = (2n − 4)90° = (2(11) − 4)90°

x2 = 16 = (22 − 4)90°
x = 4 cm = 18 × 90°
∴ AB = 4 cm = 1620°
Hence, the correct option is (b). Hence, the correct option is (c).
In DABC,
3. Let q = 120°
8.
A The sum of the exterior angles of a regular
polygon = 360°
360°
∴ The required number of sides = =3
120°
O Hence, the correct option is (a).
Given DABC is an isosceles triangle.

9.
B C
∠A + ∠B + ∠C = 180° A
∠A ∠B ∠C
+ + = 90° 5 a
2 2 2
∠A
+ 180° − ∠BOC = 90° B 13 C
2
∠A
+ 180° − 2∠A = 90° ∴ The length of A is either 5 or 13.
2
If AC = 5, then AB + AC < BC, which is not
−3 ∠A
= − 90° possible.
2
⇒∠A = 60° ∴ The length of AC (= a) should be 13.
Hence, the correct option is (c). Hence, the correct option is (c).
AB is the side opposite to the largest angle.

4. 10. Given ABC is triangle,
Hence, the correct option is (b). A
Given angles are x − 10°, x + 10°, x, and x + 20°.

5. 5 k
(x − 10°) + (x + 10°) + (x) + (x + 20°) = 360°
4x + 20° = 360°
4x = 340° B 12 C
x = 85°
AB = 5, BC = 12, and AC = k cm (k ∈ Z)
∴ Largest angle = x + 20°
Given,
= 85° + 20°
BC − AB < k < BC + AB
= 105°
12 − 5 < k < 12 + 5
7 < k < 17
A parallelogram is not line symmetric.
6. ∴ The possibilities of k are 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
∴ It has 0 lines of symmetry. 14, 15, and 16.
Hence, the correct option is (a). ∴ Number of possibilities of k is 9.
Let n = 11
7.
The sum of the interior angles of an n-sided 11. Let ABCD be a rhombus, in which AC and BD
polygon are diagonals of the rhombus.

D 110 = 82 + x2 + h2
100 = 82 + AD2 (∴ ADE is right-angled
triangle.)
⇒ AD2 = 36
A C
⇒ AD = 6 cm
13. Out of all the options given, rectangle is a
B
parallelogram.
We know that AB = BC = CD = DA Hence, the correct option is (a).
⇒ AC = AB = BC = CD = DA (Given) 14. A rhombus attains its original form on rotating
Clearly, ∆ADC is an equilateral triangle. 180° and 360°.
360°
∴ ∠ACD = ∠CDA = ∠DAC = 60° \The order of rotation = =2
180°
Similarly, ∆ABC is an equilateral triangle. Hence, the correct option is (a).
∠ABC = ∠BCA = ∠CAB = 60°
15. (i) Centroid of a triangle - (A) Always lies
∴ In ∆BCD, ∠BCD = ∠BCA + ∠DCA
inside the triangle.
= 60° + 60° (ii) Incentre of a triangle - (B) Equidistant
= 120° from sides of the triangle.
Hence, the correct option is (c). (iii) Circumcentre of a triangle - (C) Equidis-
tant from all the vertices of the triangle.
12. Given ABCD is a parallelogram.
(iv) Orthocentre of a triangle - (D) Can coin-
Let AB be extended to F. cide with the vertex of the triangle.
Let DE and CF be the perpendicular drawn to ∴ (i) → (A); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (D)
AF. Hence, the correct option is (c).
And DE = CF = h cm
D C Assessment Test IV
1.
The following are the steps involved to prove
h h that an exterior angle of a triangle is equal to
the sum of the interior angles opposite to it:
(B) ∠BCA + ∠ACX = 180°
A x E B x G
(D) ∠A + ∠B + ∠BCA = 180°
Given, BD = 5 cm, AC = 5 7 cm, and AB = 8 cm (A) ∠A + ∠B + ∠BCA = ∠BCA + ∠ACX
Let AE = BG = x cm (C) ∠ACX = ∠A + ∠B
∴ In ∆ACF, AC2 = AG2 + CG2 ∴ BDAC is the required sequential order.
(5 7 )
2
= (8 + x )2 + h2 Hence, the correct option is (d).
25 × 7 = (8 + x)2 + h2 In ∆PQR,
2.
175 = (8 + x)2 + h2 (1) PR2 = PQ2 + QR2
In ∆BED, BD2 = DE2 + EB2 PR2 = 82 + 152
25 = h2 + (8 − x)2(2) PR2 = 64 + 225
Adding Eqs (1) and (2), we get PR2 = 289
⇒ 175 + 25 = (8 + x)2 + (8 − x)2 + 2h2 ∴ PR = 17 cm
200 = 2(82 + x2) + 2h2 Hence, the correct option is (c).

Let ∠CEF = ∠CED = x

3. Let n = 15
7.
and ∠CFE = ∠CFD = y The sum of the interior angles of an n-sided
⇒ ∠ECF = 180° − (x° + y°) polygon
Given, 2∠D = ∠ECF = (2n − 4)90°
2∠D = 180° − (x° + y°) = [2(15) − 4]90°
= (30 − 4)90°
( x ° + y °)
∠D = 90° − = 2340°
2
D
Let q = 40°
8.
The sum of the exterior angles of a regular
polygon = 360°
C 360°
\ The required number of sides = =9
x y 40°
x y Hence, the correct option is (c).
E F
Given ∆PQR is an isosceles triangle.
9.
In ∆DEF,
P
∠D + ∠DEF + ∠EFD = 180°
(x + y) 7 12
90 − + 2x + 2y = 180°
2
180° − (x + y) + 4 (x + y) = 360° Q R
3(x + y) = 180° ∴ QR should be either 7 or 12.
⇒ ∠CEF + ∠CFE = 60° Hence, the correct option is (d).
10. Given PQR is a triangle.
∠B = 80° is the greatest angle ⇒ AC is the
4. P
greatest.
∠C = 30° is the smallest angle ⇒ AB is the 5 ℓ
smallest.
∴ AB < BC < AC Q 11 R
Hence, the correct option is (a). PQ = 5 cm, QR = 11 cm and PR = l cm
Given angles are x − 20°, 2x, x + 20°, and x + 30°.
5. Given,
x − 20° + 2x + x + 20° + x + 30° = 360° QR − PQ < l < QR + PQ
5x = 330° 11 − 5 < l < 11 + 5
x = 66° 6 < l < 16
∴ The smallest angle is x − 20°. ∴ The option (a) follows.
= 66° − 20° Hence, the correct option is (a).
= 46° 11. Given ABCD is a parallelogram.
Hence, the correct option is (d). D E
C
2y°
Each median of an equilateral triangle is a line
6.
of symmetry of two triangles. Therefore, an
equilateral triangle has 3 lines of symmetry. x° y°
x° y°
A B

We know that in a parallelogram, the adjacent 37 = 9 + x2 + h2

angles are supplementary. 37 = 9 + PS2 ( ∆PTS is a right-angled triangle.)
∴
∠A + ∠B = 180° ⇒ PS2 = 28
∠A ∠B ⇒ PS = 28 cm
+ = 90°
2 2 Hence, the correct option is (b).
In ∆ABE,
13. Among the given options, Isosceles trapezium
∠A ∠B
+ + ∠E = 180° has equal diagonals.
2 2
⇒ 90° + ∠E = 180°
\ ∠E = 90° 14. A square attains its original form on rotating
Hence, the correct option is (b). 90°, 180°, 270°, and 360°.
360°
12. Given PQRS is a parallelogram. \ Order of rotation = =4
90°
And PR = 4 5 cm, PQ = 3 cm, and SQ = 2 2 cm
Let PQ be extended to U. 15.
(i) Shaded region (D) Major segment
Let ST and RU be the perpendiculars drawn
to PU, and ST = RU = h cm.
S
R
(ii) Shaded region (B) Minor segment

h
h
P xT
Q x U
Let PT = QU = x cm
(iii) The line is (C) Secant
∴ In ∆PRU,
PR2 = PU2 + RU2 B
(7 )2 = (3 + x )2 + h2
A
49 = (3 + x)2(1)
(iv) (A) Chord
In ∆STQ, Q2 = AT2 + TQ2
B
(5)2 = h2 + (3 − x)2
25 = h2 + (3 − x)2(2)
A
Adding Eqs (1) and (2), we get
⇒ 49 + 25 = 2 (9 + x2) + 2h2 (i) → (D); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (C); (iv) → (A)

74 = 2(9 + x2 + h2) Hence, the correct option is (b).

A.18 Chapter 4 Indices
Chapter 4
Indices
Assessment Test I
−16 −14
 3  3
BCAD is the sequential order.
1.   ÷ K= 
2  2
−14 −16
1  3  3
9000 = 53 × 32 × 23
2. =  ÷ 
K  2  2
9000 = 5a × ab × ba (given) 2
1  3
\ a = 3 and b = 2 = 
K  2
aa × bb = 33 × 22 = 27 + 4 = 31
2
Hence, the correct option is (b).  2 4
K=  =
 3 9
(ax)2 = 500
ax − 2 × ax + 2 = ax − 2 + x + 2
(2x + y)x − x × (2y − z)y + z × (2z + x)z − x
8.
= a2x
2 − y2 2 − z2 z2 − z2
= (ax)2 = 500 2x × 2y ×2 =k
Hence, the correct option is (d). 2 2 2 2
2x − y + y − z + z − x = k
2 2
3
(5x4)3 = 53 = 527 = (59)3
4. 20 = k ⇒ k = 1
⇒ 5x4 = 59 ∴ 2k = 21 = 2
x4 = 58 Hence, the correct option is (c).
x4 = (52)4 9. 50 + 20
⇒ x = ±52 = ±25
= 25 × 2 + 4 × 5
=5 2+2 5
(1 + 3 + 5 + … + 17)3/4
5.
= 5 × 1.414 + 2 × 2.236
= (92)3/4
= 7.070 + 4.472
= (34)3/4
= 11.542
= 33
14 12 25
10. 33x − 2 = 92x − 2
 4  7  7 33x − 2 = 34x − 4
6.   ÷  × 
7  4  4
⇒ 3x − 2 = 4x − 4
14 12 25 26 −25
 4  4  7  4  4  4 −2 + 4 = 4x − 3x
=  ×  ×  =  ×  = 
 7  7  4  7  7  7 2=x
x 2
Hence, the correct option is (b). ∴ xx = 22 = 24 = 16
−4 −14 Hence, the correct option is (d).
 81   3
7.   ÷ K= 
16  2 am
2
2
11. × ( am )n × ( an )m × a2 n = ak
n2
−4 −14 a
 34   3
 24  ÷ K=  2 − n2 2
 2 am × amn × anm × a2 n = ak

2 − n2 + mn + nm + 2 n2 4
am = ak (2x3)4 = 22
4.
a( m + n) = ak
2
24(x3)4 = 216
⇒ k = (m + n)2 2b
x12 =
Hence, the correct option is (b). 24
x12 = 216 − 4
12. → (b): x12 = 212
34 24 1 ⇒ x = ±2
× =
25 34 2 Hence, the correct option is (a).
13. → (c):
(2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 + 12 + 7)3/2
5.
53 × 72 × 4 53 × 72 × 22 = 1
= = (6 × 7 + 7)3/2 = (49)3/2
(14)2 × (10)3 22 × 72 × 23 × 53 8
= (72)3/2 = 73 = 343
14. → (a): Hence, the correct option is (b).
62 × 8 × 9 22 × 32 × 23 × 32 15 −12
=  3  4 64
(36)2 ( 4 × 9)2 6.   ÷  ×
4  3 9
25 × 34 15 −12
43
= =2  3  3
24 × 34 =  ×  ×
 4  4 32
15. → (d): 3
 3 43
=  × 2
92 × 102 34 × 22 × 52  4 3
=
53 × (18)2 53 × 22 × 34 33 43
= ×
1 43 32
= =3
5
−7
Assessment Test II  27  4
7.   × x=
36 3
The required sequential order is CADB.
1. 7
 36  4
Hence, the correct option is (d).   × x =
27 3
7
10,800 = 24 × 33 × 52 = 2a × 3b × 5c
2.  32 × 22  4
\ a = 4, b = 3, and c = 2  33  × x = 3
ac + ba = 42 + 34  4
7
4
= 16 + 81   × x =
3 3
−7 −6
= 97  4  4  4
x=  ×  = 
Hence, the correct option is (a).  3  3  3
6
ax = 25
3.  3
∴x =  
 4
ax + 2 x + 2 − 2 + x
=a Hence, the correct option is (b).
a2 − x
= a2x 3a + b 3b + c 3c + a
8. × b × c = 27
= (ax)2 3a 3 3
= (25)2 = 625 3a + b − a × 3b + c − b × 3c + a − c = 33
Hence, the correct option is (d). 3a + b − a + b + c − b + c + a − c = 33

3a + b + c = 33 14. → (c):
⇒a+b+c=3 3−1 × 24 × 92 × 6−4
Hence, the correct option is (c). = 3−1 × 24 × 34 × 6−4
= 3−1 × 64 × 6−4
5x − 2 = 25x − 4
9.
1
5x − 2 = (52)x − 4 = 3−1 =
3
5x − 2 = 52x − 8
15. → (b):
⇒ 2x − 8 = x − 2
55 × 42 × (100)−2
2x − x = −2 + 8
= 55 × 42 × (25 × 4)−2
x=6
= 55 × 42 × 5-4 × 4−2
∴ 5x − 5 = 56 − 5 = 51
=5
10. 75 + 28 Assessment Test III

= 25 × 3 + 4 × 7 1
1. x2016 × = x2016 × x−2015
x2015
=5 3+2 7  am 
= x2016 − 2015 = x1 = x  ∴ = am − n 
= 5 × 1.732 + 2 × 2.646  an

= 8.660 + 5.292
∴ CDBA is the required sequential order.
= 13.952
Hence, the correct option is (c). 3
10 1
2 2. 52 = 52 = 52 = 25
ax a 
y
11. × ax − y ×  x  = ak Hence, the correct option is (b).
ay a 
(25 × 32)2 = (25)2 × (32)2
3.
ax − y × ax − y × a2y − 2x = ak
= 210 × 34
ax − y + x − y + 2y − 2x = ak
= 1024 × 81
a2x − 2y + 2y − 2x = ak
= 82,944
a0 = ak
⇒k=0
3 4 3
Hence, the correct option is (a).  4  4  4  4 
4.   −   =   1 − 
3 5 5  5
12. → (d): 3
 4  5 − 4 
23 × 34 × (36)−2 =   
 5   5 
1
= (24 ) × 34 × (62 )−2 64  1  64
2 =  =
1 1 125  5  625
= × 64 × 6−4 =
2 2 Hence, the correct option is (a).
13. → (a): (27)5 = (729)k
5.
54 × (25)−2 × 5−1 (33)5 = (36)k
1
= 54 × (52)−2 × 33×5 = 36k
5
1 ⇒ 6k = 15
= 54 × 5−4 ×
5 5
⇒k=
1 2
=

Given, 3−x = 9y = 27z = 729

6. x = 7.5
3x = 729 9y = 729 27z = 729 Hence, the correct option is (b).
3x = 36 9y = 93 27z = 272
x=6 y=3 z=2 12. Given, x = 70.25, y = 70.5
∴ x + y + z = 6 + 3 + 2 = 11 x2 = yk
Hence, the correct option is (c). (70.25)2 = (70.5)k
2 70.5 = 70.5k
 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15  5
Given,  + + + + + + + 
7. 0.5 = 0.5k
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 k=1
1 5
=  (1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 + 13 + 15) Hence, the correct option is (b).
 2 
2 2 1 1
1 5  1 5 13. 1 + = 1+
=  (82 ) =  (64) 1 1
2 2 1+ 1+
    1 + 2−1 1
1+
2 2 2
= (32)5 = (25 )5 = 22 = 4
1 3 8
= 1+ = 1+ =
Hence, the correct option is (b). 2 5 5
1+
1 1 3
8. (0.0625)4 = (0.5)4 ( )4 = 0.5 Hence, the correct option is (b).
Hence, the correct option is (a). 2
−2 −
 125  3
5 3
14. (0.125) = 
 1000 
3
(i) Let us compare
9. 32 and 52 .
2
− 2 2
⇒ 35 and 53  1
=  
 8
3
= (8)3 = 23 ( )3 = 4
⇒ 243 and 125
⇒ 243 > 125
5 3 15. (i) am·an = am + n
⇒ 32 > 52 am
4 4 (ii) = am − n
(ii) Now, let us compare 53 and 73 an
(iii) a0 = 1
⇒ (54 )1 3 < (74 )1 3
3 4 (iv) (a − a0) × a0 = (a − 1) × 1 = a − 1
(iii) Now, let us compare 5 2 and 53
(i) → (c); (ii) → (d); (iii) → (b); (iv) → (a)
⇒ (59 )1 6 > (58 )1 6 Hence, the correct option is (d).
3 4
⇒ 52 > 53
Assessment Test IV
1 1
10. Given, 7x = 245 x−2019 ×
1. =
x−2018 x2019 × x−2018
7x 245
7x − 2 = 7x· 7−2 = = =5 1 1 1 ∴
49 49 = = 1 = ( am·an = am + n)
2019 − 2018 x x
Hence, the correct option is (b). x
∴ BCAD is the required sequential order.
11. Given, (15)7.5 × (15)x = (15)15 Hence, the correct option is (b).
(15)7.5 + x = (15)15 2
01 0
7.5 + x = 15 2. 72 = 72 = 71 = 7
x = 15 − 7.5 Hence, the correct option is (b).

(72 × 2 )2 = (72)2 × ( 2 )2
3. ⇒ 7864 > 31296 > 21728 > 5432
= 74 × 2 Hence, the correct option is (d).
= 4802 10. Given, 3x = 450
3x − 2 = 3x·3−2 = = 50
2 3 2 9
 3  3  3  3  Hence, the correct option is (c).
4.   −   =   1 − 
5 5 5  5
2
11. Given, (9)4.25 × (9)y = (9)5.75
 3  5 − 3  9 2 18
⇒ 94.25 + y = 95.75
=     =   =
 5  5  25  5  125
⇒ 4.25 + y = 5.75
⇒ y = 1.5
5. 4−x = 64 Hence, the correct option is (b).
4−x = 43
12. Given, x = 51.75, y = 51.25, and xy = 5k
x = −3
(51.75)2 (51.25) = 5k
43x + 10 = 43 (−3) + 10 = 4−9 + 10 = 4
51.75 + 1.25 = 5k
53 = 5k
2a = 4b = 16c = 256
6. k=3
2a = 256 4b = 256 16c = 256 Hence, the correct option is (c).
2a = 28 4b = 44 16c = 162
a=8 b=4 c=2 1 1
13. 2 + =2+
1 1
∴ ⇒ 2a +3b + 4c = 2(8) + 3 (4) + 4 (2) 2+ 2+
2 + 2−1 1
= 16 +12 + 8 = 36 2+
2
Hence, the correct option is (c). 1 5 29
=2+ =2+ =
1 2 12 12
2 + 4 + 6 + 8 + 10 + … 48  2 2+
Given, 
7.  5
 6
1
 24 × 25  2
=   −
5
 6   250  2
14. (0.250 ) −2.5
=
1  1000 
= ( 4 × 25)2 5
5 5
1  1 2
= (100)2 = 10 =   = ( 4)2 = (22 )2 = 25 = 32
 4
1 1
8. (0.00001296)4 = ((0.06)4 )4 = 0.06 15. (i) 2x = 32 ⇒ 2y = 25 ⇒ x = 5
Hence, the correct option is (b). (ii) 3x = 729 ⇒ 3x = 36 ⇒ x = 6
(iii) 9x + y = 314 +2y ⇒ 32x + 2y = 314 + 2y ⇒ 2x + 14
21728, 31296, 5432, 7864
9. ⇒x=7
⇒ 2432 × 4, 33 × 432, 5432, 72 × 432 1
(iv) 2x − y − 9 = x + y − 7 ⇒ 2x − y − 9 = 2−x − y + 7
⇒ (24)432, (33)432, 5432, (72)432 2
⇒ (16)432, (27)432, 5432, (49)432 ⇒ 2x = 16 ⇒ x = 8
⇒ (49)432 > (27)432 > (16)432 > 5432 Hence, the correct option is (c).

CHAPTER 5
Mensuration
Assessment Test I
The required sequential order is EACBD.
1. Let AC and BD bisect at O.
Hence, the correct option is (b). BD 12
∴ OD = = = 6 cm
2 2
Circumference of the wheel = 2p r
2. In ∆AOD, OA2 + OD2 = AD2
22
=2× × 35 cm = 220 cm ⇒ OA2 + 62 = 102 ⇒ OA2 = 64 ⇒ OA = 8 cm
7
∴ The wheel covers 220 cm in one rotation. ∴ AC = 2 × OA = 16 cm
Number of rotations made by the wheel 1
∴Area of the rhombus = d1 d2
660 m 66000 cm 2
= = = 300 1
220 cm 220 cm = × 12 × 16 = 96 cm 2
2
The wheel takes 30 s for 15 rotations. Hence, the correct option is (d).
∴ The time taken by wheel for 300 rotations
300 × 30 Given, r = 16 cm and l = 16 cm
6.
= 1
15 We have A = lr
2
= 600 s = 10 min
1
Hence, the correct option is (a). ⇒ A = × 16 × 16 = 128 cm2
2
(diagonal)2 Hence, the correct option is (c).
The area of the square field =
3.
2 Let length = 3x and breadth = 2x
7.
502 2500
= = = 1250 m2
2 2 Perimeter of the rectangular field
= = 60 m
12
Let a be the side of the equilateral triangle.
4. ∴ 2 (l + b) = 60 ⇒ 2 (3x + 2x) = 60
Given, h = 18 3 cm ⇒ 5x = 30 ⇒ x = 6 m
3 \ Length = 3x = 18 m
⇒ a = 18 3 cm ⇒ a = 36 cm
2
∴ The required area = a
4 Area of the square = (side)2
8.
3 3
= × 362 = × 36 × 36 = 324 3 sq. cm = 282 = 784 cm2
4 4
Diameter of the circle = Side of the square
Let ABCD be the rhombus.
5. ∴ d = 28 ⇒ 2r = 28 ⇒ r = 14 cm
22
4 × side of the rhombus = 40 cm Area of the circle = p r2 = × 142 = 616 cm2
⇒ side of the rhombus = 10 cm 7
A
∴ Area of the shaded region
= (Area of the square) − (Area of the circle)
10 cm
= 784 − 616 = 168 cm2
B D Hence, the correct option is (a).
O 6 cm
Given, l = 18 ft, b = 15 ft, and h = 12 ft

9.
C Area of four walls of the room

A.24 Chapter 5 Mensuration
= 2(l + b)h Number of rotations of the wheel

= 2 (18 + 15)12 = 792 ft2 352 m 35200 cm
= = = 200
Hence, the correct option is (d). 176 cm 176 cm
10. Let the edge of the cube be a. The wheel takes 4 min, i.e., 240 s for 200 rotations.
Given, 4a2 = 144 ⇒ a2 = 36 \ The time taken for one rotation of the wheel
⇒ a = 6 cm 240
=
∴ Volume of the cube = a3 = 63 = 216 cm3 200
= 1.2 s
20 × 16 × 12
11. Required number of cubes = (diagonal)2
4×4×4 Area of the square field =
3.
= 5 × 4 × 3 = 60 2
Hence, the correct option is (a). (diagonal)2
⇒ 450 =
1 1 2
12. → (c): Area of the triangle = bh = × 22 × 14 ⇒ (diagonal)2 = 900 ⇒ diagonal = 30 m
2 2
= 154 cm2
13. → (d): Area of the parallelogram = bh = 18 × 8 Let the side of the equilateral triangle be a.
4.
= 144 cm2
Given, Area = 81 3
14. → (b): Area of the rectangle = lb = 22 × 9
3 2
= 198 cm2 ⇒ a = 81 3 ⇒ a2 = 81 × 4
4
15. → (a): In ∆AOD, AO2 + OD2 = AD2 ⇒ a = 81 × 4 = 9 × 2 = 18 cm
A
3a 3
13 \ Height = = × 18 = 9 3 cm
2 2
B D Hence, the correct option is (b).
5 O 5
Let the given diagonal be BD = 16 cm.
5.
1
C OD = BD = 8 cm
2
⇒ AO2 + 52 = 132 In DAOD, AO2 + OD2 = AD2
⇒ AO2 = 144 ⇒ AO = 12 A
\ AC = 2 × AO = 24 cm 17
BD = 10 cm B D
1 8 O 8
Area of the rhombus = d1d2
2
1
= × 10 × 24 = 120 cm2
2 C
Assessment Test II ⇒ AO2 + 82 = 172 ⇒ AO2 = 225

⇒ AO = 15 cm
The required sequential order is BADC.
1. \ AC = 2 × AO = 30 cm
Hence, the correct option is (d). 1
\ Area of the rhombus = × 16 × 30
The circumference of the wheel
2. 2
= 240 cm2
22
= 2pr = 2 × × 28 = 176 cm Hence, the correct option is (c).
7

1 1 1 1
A=
6. lr ⇒ 136 = × 17 × r 12. → (c): Area of the triangle = bh = × 36 × 12
2 2 2 2
136 × 2 = 216 cm2
⇒r= = 16 cm 1
17 13. → (d): Area of the trapezium = d (a + b)
2
= × 14 (24 + 42) = 462 cm2
Let length l = 4x and breadth b = 3x
7. 2
14. → (b): Area of the parallelogram = bh = 28 × 18
Given, A = 300 m2
= 504 cm2
⇒ 4x × 3x = 300 ⇒ 12x2 = 300
⇒ x2 = 25 ⇒ x = 5 m 15. → (a): Area of the square = 242 = 576 cm2
\ l = 4x = 20 m, b = 3x = 15 m
Perimeter = 2(l + b) = 2(20 + 15) = 70 m Assessment Test III
\ The required cost = 70 × 15 = `1050
The required sequential order is BADC.
1.
Area of the square = (side)2 = 282 = 784 cm2
8.
Area of the rectangle FBCE = 10 × 3 = 30 cm2
2.
d = 28 cm ⇒ r = 14 cm
1 2 D E C
Area of the semicircle = p r
2
1 22
= × × 142 = 308 cm2 3 cm
2 7
\ Area of the shaded region
A 2 cm F 10 cm B
= (Area of the square) − (Area of the semicircle)
= 784 − 308 = 476 cm2 1
Area of DAFE = × 2 × 3 = 3 cm2
∴ Required area = 30 + 3 = 33 cm2
Given, l = 8 m, b = 6 m, and h = 4 m
9.
Area of four walls of the room
q
= 2(l + b) h The length of an arc of a sector =
3. × 2p r
360°
= 2(8 + 6) 4 = 112 m2 where q = 60↑8 and r = 42 cm
\ The required cost = 10 × 112 = `1120 60°
∴ Area of the sector = × 2 × p × 42
Hence, the correct option is (d). 360°
10. Let the edge of the cube be a. 1 22
= ×2× × 42 = 44 cm
a3= 216 ⇒ = ⇒ a = 6 cm
a3 63 6 7
\ Total surface area = 6a2 = 6 × 62 = 216 cm2 Hence, the correct option is (b).
Hence, the correct option is (a). Let r and q be the radius and the angle of a sec-
4.
tor of a circle, respectively.
11. Required number of cubes
Given, q = 90°
24 cm × 18 cm × 12 cm
= q 90°
6 cm × 6 cm × 6 cm ∴ Required ratio = 2pr : × 2p r = 1:
360° 360
24 × 18 × 12 1
= = 24 = 1: = 4:1
6×6×6 4
Hence, the correct option is (b). Hence, the correct option is (b).

Let a be the edge of the cube.

5. 1 1
= × 6 × 8 = × 10 × BD
Total surface area of the cube = 864 cm2 2 2
⇒ 6a2 = 864 24 = 5 × BD
⇒ a2 = 144 ⇒ a = 12 cm 24
⇒ BD =
Hence, the correct option is (d). 5
⇒ BD = 4.8 cm
Let a1 and a2 be the edges of two cubes.
6.
Given, a13:a23 = 125:343 = 53:73
⇒ a1:a2 = 5:7 10. Let lb, bh, and lh are the areas of three mutually
adjacent faces of the cuboid.
Required ratio = 6a12:6a22
= a12:a22 Given, lb = 36 cm2, bh = 9 cm2, and lh = 25 cm2
= 52:72 = 25:49 lb × bh × lh = 36 × 9 × 25
Hence, the correct option is (d). (lbh)2 = 36 × 9 × 25
Given l = 20 ft, b = 10 ft, and h = 8 ft
7. lbh = 36 × 9 × 25
Lateral surface area = 2h(l + b) lbh = 6 × 3 × 5
= 2 × 8(20 + 10) lbh = 90 cm3
= 16 (30) = 480 sq ft \ Required volume = 90 cm3
Hence, the correct option is (a). Hence, the correct option is (a).
Let r be the radius of the circle and a be the side

8. 11. Given q = 90°
of the square. Let r be the radius of the circle.
Given 2a = 2r ∴ r = 35 cm
q
⇒a= 2r Area of the sector AOB = × p r2
360°
Required ratio = a2:p r2 90 22
= × × 35 × 25
( )
2
2 360° 7
= 2 r :p r
= 2:p 1
= × 22 × 5 × 35 = 962.5 cm2
4
1
Given AB = 6 cm and BC = 8 cm
9. Area of ∆AOB = × 35 × 35 = 612.5 cm2
2
In DABC, \ Required area = 962.5 − 612.5 = 350 cm2
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 Hence, the correct option is (a).
AC2 = (6)2 + (8)2 12. Given AE = 8 2 cm
AC2 = 36 + 64
AB = 8 cm ( ABEF is a square.)
∴
AC2 = 100
∴ CG = 8 cm (∴ BE || CG)
AC = 10 cm
D
A
F E
G
D 3
6 cm 8√2 8 8
B 8 cm C A 8 B 3 C
1 1
Area of DABC = × AB × BC = × AC × BD Area of trapezium = 28.5 cm2
2 2

1 = 4 × 25
× BC × ( BE + CD ) = 28.5
2 = 100 cm2 → (b)
3 × (8 + (8 + GD)) = 57 (iv) Total length of the edges = 12 × a
8 + (8 + GD) = 19 = 12 × 5
8 + GD = 11 = 60 cm → (d)
GD = 3 cm (i) → (c); (ii) → (a); (iii) → (b); (iv) → (d)
In DEGD, Hence, the correct option is (c).
ED2 = EG2 + GD2
ED2 = 32 + 32
Assessment Test IV
ED2 = 9 + 9 The required sequential order is BCAD.
1.
ED2 = 18
ED = 3 2 cm
Area of ∆BCF
2.
Required perimeter = 8 2 + 8 + 3 + 8 + 3 + 3 2
8 2+8+3+8+3+3 2 1
= 8 × 5 = 20 cm2
2
(
= 11 2 + 22 = 11 2 + 2 cm ) D E C
13. Volume of the pit = 60 × 40 × 30 cm3 5 cm
Volume of each brick = 15 × 8 × 6 cm3

60 × 40 × 30 A 4 cm F 8 cm B
Number of bricks = = 4 × 5 × 5 = 100
15 × 8 × 6
Area of DDEF = × 4 × 5 = 10 cm2
2
14. Circumference of the playground = 2p r ∴ Required area = 20 + 10 = 30 cm2
⇒ 2p r = 176 Hence, the correct option is (a).
7 1 q
⇒ r = 176 × × The length of an arc of a sector =
3. × 2pr
22 2 360°
⇒ r = 28 m where q = 120° and r = 35 cm
⇒ Outer radius (R) = 28 + 7 = 35 m 120°
∴ Area of the sector = × 2 × p × 35
360°
∴ Area of the circular track = p (R2 − r2)
1 22 220
22 2 22 = ×2× × 35 = cm
= (35 − 282 ) = (7 )(63) = 1386 m2 3 7 3
Let r and q be the radius and angle of a sector
4.
15. (i) Total surface area = 6a2 of a circle, respectively.
= 6 × 52 Given q = 36°
= 6 × 25 q 36°
Required ratio = p r2 : × p r2 = 1 :
= 150 cm2 → (c) 360° 360°
(ii) Volume = a3 1
= 1: = 10:1
10
= 53
= 125 cm3 → (a)
(iii) Lateral surface area = 4a2 Let a be the edge of the cube.
5.
= 4 × 52 Lateral surface area of the cube = 676 m2

⇒ 4a2 = 676 10. Let the edge of the cube be S.

⇒ a2 = 169 Given S2 = 81 cm2
⇒ a = 13 cm S = 9 cm
Hence, the correct option is (b). \ Required volume = S3 = (9)3 = 729 cm3
Let a1 and a2 be the edges of two cubes.
6.
Given a1:a2 = 4:3 11. Given ∠AOB = 90°
Required ratio = 4a12:4a22 Let r be the radius of the circle.
= a12:a22 = 42:32 1
Area of DAOB = × r × r
= 16:9 2
q r2
Hence, the correct option is (b). Given × pr2 − = 126
360° 2
Given l = 15 ft, b = 15 ft, h = 10 ft
7. 90 22 2 r2
× r − = 126
Total surface area = 2(lb + bh + lh) 360 7 2
1 22 2 r 2
= 2(15 × 15 + 15 × 10 + 15 × 10) × r − = 126
= 2(225 + 150 + 150) 4 7 2
r2  11 − 7 
= 2(525) = 1050 sq. ft   = 126
2 7 
126 × 14
Let r be the radius of the circle and a be the side
8. r2 =
4
of the square.
\ r2 = 441 ⇒ r = 441⇒ r = 21 cm
Given, r = 2 Hence, the correct option is (c).
Required ratio = 2p r:4a
12. Given ABCD is a rhombus.
= 2 2p ( 2a) : 4 a = p : 2
BD = 16 cm, AC = 8 cm, and DE = 17 cm
D
Given AB = 12 cm and AC = 20 cm
9.
17 cm
In ∆ABC 8
A E
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 4 O 4 C 11
(20)2 = (12)2 + BC2 8
⇒ BC2 = 256 ⇒ BC = 16 cm B
A
Let ‘O’ be the point of intersection of diagonals
D
of the rhombus.
12 cm 20 cm
\ OB = OD = 8 cm (\ BD = 16 cm)
\ AO = OC = 4 cm (\ AC = 8 cm)
B C In DDOE,
1 1 DE2 = DO2 + OE2
Area of DABC = × AB × BC = × AC × BD 172 = 82 + (4 + CE)2
2 2
1 1 289 = 64 + (4 + CE)2
× 12 × 16 = × 20 × BD
2 2 (4 + CE)2 = 225
⇒ BD = 9.6 cm 4 + CE = 15
Hence, the correct option is (a). CE = 11 cm

1 r2 = 121 − 21
\ Area of DDOE = × 8 × 15 = 60 cm2
2 \ r2 = 100 ⇒ r = 10 cm
1 Hence, the correct option is (c).
\ Area of DDOC = × 8 × 4 = 16 cm2
2 15. (i) Total length of cuboid = 4 (l + b + h)
Required area = 60 − 16 = 44 cm2
= 4 (6 + 5 + 4)
= 4 (15)
13. Volume of the pit = 160 × 150 × 180 cm3 = 60 cm2 → (a)
Volume of the brick = 9 × 8 × 5 cm3 (ii) Total surface area = 2(lb + bh + lh)
160 × 150 × 1800 = 2(6 × 5 + 5 × 4 + 6 × 4)
\ Number of bricks =
9×8×5 = 2 (30 + 20 +24)
= 12,000
= (74)
= 148 cm2 → (d)
14. Let R and r be the outer radius and inner radius
(iii) Volume = lbh
of the concentric circles, respectively.
=6×5×4
Given R = 11 cm
= 120 cm2 → (c)
Given p (R2 − r2) = 66
(iv) Lateral surface area = 2h(l + b)
22 2 2 = 2 × 4 (6 + 5)
(11 − r ) = 66
7 = 8 (11)
7 = 88 cm2 → (b)
112 − r2 = 66 ×
22 (i) → (a); (ii) → (d); (iii) → (c); (iv) → (b)
112 − r2 = 21

A.30 Chapter 6 Number System
CHAPTER 6
Number System
Assessment Test I
The following are the steps involved in solving
1. The person travelled (380 − 260) km, i.e., 120 km
8.
the problem: on the second day.
120 6
(C) Let the other number be x. ∴The required fraction = =
380 19
(B) The product of two numbers = (their LCM)
× (their HCF)
(A) 48 × x = 240 × 12 ⇒ x = (240 × 12)/48 The LCM of 60 s and 90 s is 180 s, i.e., 3 min.
9.
(D) ⇒ x = 5 × 12 = 60 ∴ The required time = 10:00 am + 3 min = 10:03 am
∴ The required sequential order is CBAD. Hence, the correct option is (a).
10. The HCF is a factor of the LCM.
Required number =
2. ∴ Among choices only 80 is a factor of 640.
(The LCM of 15, 20, and 25) + 10 Hence, the correct option is (d).
= 300 + 10 = 310
27 3 3
Hence, the correct option is (c). 11. = = 3
72 8 2
7.8 − 5.2 = 7.888… − 5.2222… = 2.666…
3. If the denominator is of the form 2m·5n, where
∴0.3 + 7.8 − 5.2 = 0.333… + 2.666… = 2.999 = 3 m, n ∈ W, then the rational number a termi-
Hence, the correct option is (d). nating decimal.
27 3
The required number
4. ∴ , i.e., can be expressed as the termi-
72 8
= The HCF of (88 − 3) and (97 − 2) nating decimal.
= HCF of 85 and 95 = 5 Hence, the correct option is (a).
12. (e): 8 × 50 = 4 × 2 × 25 × 2 = 4 × 2 × 25 × 2
3 3
8 27 8 27 = 2 × 2 × 5 = 20
5. 3 +3 = +
125 216 3 125 3 216
2 3 2 1 9 512 3
= + = + = 13. (b): → 3 = 8= 2
5 6 5 2 10 64
Hence, the correct option is (d). 14. (a): → The HCF of 101 and 201 is 1.
1 14 49 64 49 64 15. (d): → 18.99 = 19

6. 3 − 2 = − = −
16 25 16 25 16 25
7 8 35 − 32 3 Assessment Test II
= − = =
4 5 20 20 The following are the steps involved in solving
1.
Hence, the correct option is (c). the problem:
1008 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 7 = (2 × 2) (2 × 2) (3 × 3) 7
7. (B) Let x = 1.72 = 1.7272
∴1008 must be multiplied by 7 so that the (A) 100x = 172.7272
product is a perfect square. (D) 100x − x = 171 ⇒ 99x = 171
Hence, the correct option is (d). (C) x = 171/99 = 19/11

∴ The required sequential order is BADC. 31 31

11. =
Hence, the correct option is (b). 80 24 × 5
The required number = (The LCM of 18, 24,
2. The denominator is of the form 2 m × 5 n (m, n ∈ W)
and 30) + 5 31
= 360 + 5 = 365 ∴ is the terminating decimal.
80
3. 8.7 − 2.3 = 8.777… − 2.333… = 6.444…
12. (b): 12 × 48 = 4 × 3 × 16 × 3 = 4 × 3 × 16 × 3
∴ 8.7 − 2. 3 − 4.2 = 6.444… − 4.222…
= 2 × 3 × 4 = 24
= 2.222…
= 2.2 13. (d): The HCF of 104 and 103 = 26
3200 3
14. (a): 3 = 8000 = 20
The required number = The HCF of (132 − 4)
4. 4
and (189 − 5) = The HCF of 128 and 184 = 8.
15. (c): 24.9 = 24.999 = 25
64 32 3
64 4
16 4 2 6 Assessment Test III
5. 3 + 4 = 3
+ 4
= + =
125 625
125 625 5 5 5
The given number is 2.3.
1.
Let x = 2. 3
21 22 121 169 11 13 ⇒ x = 2.333 (1)
6. 4 − 3 = − = −
25 49 25 49 5 7 ⇒ 10x = 23.333 (2)
77 − 65 12 Subtracting Eq. (2) − Eq. (1)
= =
35 35 10x = 23.333…
Hence, the correct option is (b). x = 2.333…

4056
7. 9x = 21.000…
= 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 13 × 13 = (2 × 2) (13 × 13) 2 × 3 21
x=
\ 4056 must be divided by 2 × 3, i.e., 6, so that 9
the quotient is a perfect square. 7
Hence, the correct option is (d). x=
3
The required sequential order is CABD.
The distance travelled by car = (540 − 320) km =
8.
220 km Hence, the correct option is (c).
220 11
\The required fraction = = If x + y = 0, then x and y are called additive
2.
540 27 inverse to each other.
The LCM of 40 min and 60 min = 120 min = 2 h
9.
The price of 35 mangoes = `280
3.
∴ The required time = 11:00 am + 2 h
The price of 25 mangoes
= 1:00 pm
280
Hence, the correct option is (c). = × 25
35
10. The LCM is a multiple of the HCF. = `8 × 25
\ Among the choices, only 90 is a multiple of 18. = `200
Hence, the correct option is (b). Hence, the correct option is (a).

0.0035 < 0.025 < 0.134 < 0.287

4. The smallest three-digit number = 509
⇒b<a<c<d \ The required sum = 950 + 509
Hence, the correct option is (b). = 1459
16 27 Hence, the correct option is (d).
5. − 3
49 343
11. The HCF of two numbers = 36
2 3
 4  3 The LCM is a multiple of HCF.
=   − 3 
 7  7 \ Only option (a) follows.
4 3 Hence, the correct option is (a).
= −
7 7
12. The required quantity
1
= = HCF [4 L 250 mL, 3 L 500 mL, and 2 L 750 mL]
7
= HCF [4250, 3500, 2750] mL
= 250 mL
720 = 144 × 5
6. Hence, the correct option is (c).
= (12)2 × 5
The required number is 5, since 720 × 5 13. Option (a): ⇒ 3 27 − 3 625
= (12)2 × (5)2. = 3 (37 )3 − 3 (5)2 × 5 is not an integer
Option (b): ⇒ 784 + 144
2.34 + 6.43
7.
= (2.343434…) + (6.434343…) = (28)2 + (12)2
= 8.7777… = 28 + 12 is an integer.
= 8.7
14. Let the number of section be x.
87 − 8
= \ The number of students in each section = x
9
79 The total number of students = 1,225
=
9 ⇒ x(x) = 1,225
Hence, the correct option is (a). ⇒ x2 = (35)2
⇒ x = 35
The required number
8.
= HCF [69 − 1 and 87 − 2]
= HCF [68 and 85] 15. (i) The HCF of two coprimes is 1.
= HCF [17 × 4 and 17 × 5] (ii) The HCF of any two consecutive even
= 17 numbers is 2.
Hence, the correct option is (c). 1 1 100
(iii) = = =4
0.25 25 25
The part of the work completed on the first day
9.
100
2 5
=1− = 4 2 5
7 7 (iv) 2 ×1 ×
Hence, the correct option is (a). 7 5 6
18 7 5
10. The given digits are 0, 5, and 9. = × ×
7 5 6
The greatest three-digit number = 950 =3

Option (c) follows. = 5.04

504 − 50
=
Assessment Test IV 90
454
576 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3
1. =
90
= 22 × 22 × 22 × 32 227
=
= (2 × 2 × 2 × 3)2 45
= (24)2 Hence, the correct option is (c).
576 = = 24(24)2
The required number
8.
The required sequential order is BDCA.
= HCF [99 − 3 and 84 − 4]
= HCF [96 and 80]
x × y = 1, then x and y are called reciprocals to
2. = HCF [16 × 6 and 16 × 5]
each other. = 16
Hence, the correct option is (d). Hence, the correct option is (b).
The price of 24 pens = `360
3. The share of the eldest son = 200 − 120 = 80
9.
360
The price of 15 pens = × 15 80 2
24 The part of the share = =
200 5
= `15 × 15
= `225 Hence, the correct option is (b).
Hence, the correct option is (d). 10. Given digits are 2, 4, 6, and 8.
0.378 > 0.1010 > 0.0986 > 0.01011
4. The greatest four digit number = 8642
⇒x>z>y>p The smallest three digit number = 2468
Hence, the correct option is (c). Difference = 8642 − 2468 = 6174
25 125
5. + 3
11. The LCM of two numbers = 96
36 216
The HCF is a factor of LCM.
2 3
 5  5 Option (d) follows.
=   + 3 
 6  6
5 5
= + 12. The required quantity
6 6
10 5 = HCF [7 L 500 mL, 4 L 500 mL, 3 L]
= = = HCF [7500, 4500, 3000] mL
6 3
Hence, the correct option is (b). = 1500 mL
972 = 324 × 3 = (18)2 × 3
6.
972 13. Option (a): ⇒ 8 × 32 = 256 = 16
The required number is 3, since = 182.
3
Option (b): ⇒ 6 × 216 = 1296 = 36
Option (c): ⇒ 108 × 3 = 324 = 18
3.48 - 3.4
7. Option (d): ⇒ 98 × 7 = 14 × 72 is an
= (8.4888…) - (3.444…) irrational number.
= 5.0444… Hence, the correct option is (d).

14. Let the number of rows be x. 15. We have (12.5 × 8 = 100).

The number of columns = 2x. (i) 0.125 × 8 = 1
The total number of students = 16,200 (ii) 0.00125 × 80 = 0.1
⇒ x(2x) = 16,200 (iii) 1.25 × 8 = 10
⇒ x2 = 8100 (iv) 12.5 × 0.0008 = 0.01
⇒ x2 = (90)2 Option (c) follows.
⇒ x = 90 Hence, the correct option is (c).
\ The number of students in each row = 2x = 180

CHAPTER 7
Ratios and Their Applications
Assessment Test I
47 , 000 × 100
1. = = `37,600
125
the problem given:
(A) Find the speed of the boat downstream.
(C) Find the speed of the boat upstream. Let the mean proportional be x.
8.
(B) Recall the formula: Time = distance/speed ∴ 11:x = x:44
(D) Required time = 30/15 + 50/25 = 2 + 2 ⇒ x × x = 11 × 44 ⇒ x2 = 484
=4h ⇒ x = ±22
∴ The required sequential order is ACBD. Hence, the correct option is (d).
Hence, the correct option is (d). 9. Total marks scored = 40 + 27 + 32 + x = 99 + x
20 x 9 x 9 Total maximum marks = 4 × 50 = 200
2. × = ⇒ = ⇒ x = 18
100 4 10 20 10 99 + x
∴ × 100% = 70% ⇒ 99 + x = 140
⇒ x = 41
5:8 = x:16
3.
⇒ 8x = 5 × 16 ⇒ x = 10
1
Hence, the correct option is (b). 10. P’s one day work =
10
5x + 2 y 3
4. = ⇒ 25x + 10y = 6x + 21y 1
2x + 7 y 5 Q’s one day work =
15
x 11
⇒ 19x = 11y ⇒ = ⇒ x:y = 11:19 1
y 19 R’s one day work =
∴ The ratio of shares of P, Q, and R
Given, 4A = 5B = 6C
5. 1 1 1
= : : = 9:6:5
4A = 5B ⇒ A:B = 5:4 = 15:12 10 15 18
5
5B = 6C ⇒ B:C = 6:5 = 12:10 ∴ The share of R = × `3600 = `900
20
∴ A:B:C = 15:12:10 Hence, the correct option is (b).
Hence, the correct option is (c). 100 m 20
11. The speed of the train = = m/s
Amount (A) = `1500, time period (T) = 5 years
6. 15 s 3
The time taken by the train to cross the bridge
Rate of interest (R) = 10%
(100 + 200) m 3
 TR   5 × 10  = = 300 × s = 45 s
A = P 1+ ⇒ 1500 = P  1 + 20 20
 100   100 
 m/s
3
 3 Hence, the correct option is (b).
⇒ 1500 = P   ⇒ P = `1000
 2
Hence, the correct option is (b). 12. → (b): a:b = 2:3 = 4:6
b:c = 2:3 = 6:9
S.P. = `47,000, gain% = 25%
7.
∴ a:b:c = 4:6:9 ⇒ c:a = 9:4
S.P. × 100 47 , 000 × 100 x y x 4
We have C.P. = = 13. → (d): = ⇒ =
100 + gain 100 + 25 4 7 y 7

A.36 Chapter 7 Ratios and Their Applications
l 0.18 9 Given S.P. = `1,25,000, loss% = 20%

7.
14. → (c): 0.04 L = 0.18 m ⇒ = =
m 0.04 2 S.P. × 100
We have, C.P. =
15. → (e): 0.7 m = 0.7 × 100 cm = 70 cm 100 − Loss
0.7 m:50 cm = 70 cm:50 cm = 7:5 1, 25, 000 × 100
⇒ C.P.=
100 − 20
Assessment Test II 100
= 1, 25, 000 × = `1, 56 , 250
80
the problem:
8:12 = 12:x
8.
(B) Let the speed of the boat in still water be 144
x km/h and speed of current be y km/h. ⇒ 8 × x = 12 × 12 ⇒ x = = 18
8
(C) Speed of the boat downstream = (x + y) km/h. Hence, the correct option is (a).
(A) Speed of the boat upstream = (x - y) km/h
Total marks = 65 + 70 + 90 + 80 + 92 + 68 = 465
9.
(D) x + y = 50 and x - y = 30
The total maximum marks = 6 × 100 = 600
(E) Solving for x and y, we get x = 40 and y = 10.
BCADE is the required sequential order. 465
∴ The required percentage = × 100 = 77.5%
600
x 3 6 100 × 5 × 6 1
2. × = ⇒x= = 40 10. A’s one day work =
100 5 25 3 × 25 12
1
B’s one day work =
Let the fourth proportional be x.
3. 15
∴ 10:15 = 18:x The ratio of shares of A and B
15 × 18 1 1
⇒ 10 × x = 15 × 18 ⇒ x = = 27 = : = 15:12 = 5:4
10 12 15
4
Hence, the correct option is (c). ∴ Share of B = × 1800 = `800
9
Given, x:y = 3:2
Let x = 3k and y = 2k 200 m
11. The speed of train = = 10 m/s
5x + 6 y 5(3 x ) + 6(2k ) 27 k 20 s
= = =9 Time taken by the train to cross the bridge
5x − 6 y 5(3 k ) − 6(2k ) 3k
Hence, the correct option is (a). (200 + 300) m
= = 50 s
A 5 10 m / s
3A = 5B ⇒
5. = Hence, the correct option is (c).
B 3
5 A 5 A 5 5 25 12. → (d): a:b = 3:4, b:c = 2:1 = 4:2
5A:3B = = × = × =
3B 3 B 3 3 9
∴ a:b:c = 3:4:2 ⇒ a:c = 3:2
p 4
Principal (P) = `800, Amount (A) = `1000, Time
6. 13. → (a): 5p = 4q ⇒ =
q 5
period (T) = 2 years 60 40
Interest A − P = `(1000 − 800) = `200 14. → (b): 60% of x = 40% of y ⇒ x = y
100 100
⇒ 3x = 2y
PTR 800 × 2 × R
We have, I = ⇒ 200 = x 2
100 100 ⇒ =
y 3
⇒ 16R = 200 ⇒ R = 12.5
∴ Rate of interest = 12.5% 15. → (e): 2 L = 2 × 1000 mL = 2000 mL
Hence, the correct option is (d). 2000 mL:1500 mL = 4:3

CHAPTER 8
Time and Work, Time and Distance
Assessment Test I
The required sequential order is ABDC.
1. Let the length of a rectangle (l) = x2 + x + 1
7.
Hence, the correct option is (d). The breadth of the rectangle (b) = x2 − x + 1
Let a = 1.69 and b = 0.23
2. Area of a rectangle = l × b
= (x2 + x + 1) (x2 − x + 1)
 a2 − b2 ( a + b)( a − b) 
 a − b = ( a − b) = a + b = x4 − x3 + x2 + x3 − x2 + x + x2 − x + 1
= x4 + x2 + 1
1.69 × 1.69 − 0.23 × 0.23 Hence, the correct option is (d).
\
1.69 − 0.23
To cross a pole, a train has to travel its own
8.
= 1.69 + 0.23 = 1.92
length.
Hence, the correct option is (c). Length of the train
Speed =
Time
(x + 4) (x + 3) = x(x + 3) + 4(x + 3)
3.
300 m 18
= x2 + 3x + 4x + 12 = = 20 m/s = 20 × kmph = 72 kmph
15 s 5
= x2 + 7x + 12
9.
4. 3 x + 13 Person Efficiency Time taken
)
x − 3 3x + 4x + 5
2
Pavan 3k x
3x 2 − 9 x
Koushik k 3x
( −) (+ )
Given x = 30 days
13 x + 5
⇒ 3x = 90 days
13 x − 39
( −) (+ )
44 10. The ratio of working rates of A, B, and C
1 1 1
\ The required remainder is 44. = : :
10 12 15
 1  1  1
xz + z + x + 1
5. =   60:   60:   60
 10   12   15 
= z(x + 1) + 1(x + 1) = 6:5:4
6
= (x + 1) (z + 1) ∴The share of A = (`150,000) = `60,000
15
Given, x2 + 2z2 + 3xz
6. Total distance
Total distance
11. Average speed =
= + + + 2xz + xz
x2 z2 z2
= Time
Time
= (x2 + z2 + 2xz) + (z2 + xz) ( 4 × 60) + (6 × 40( 4 × 60) + (6 × 40)
= = )
= (x + z)2 + z(x + z) 4+6 4+6
= (x + z) (x + 2z) 480
=

A.38 Chapter 8 Time and Work, Time and Distance
= 48 kmph Assessment Test II

From the given options, the required sequen-
1.
12. (A + B + C) together one day’s work tial order is BDCAE.
1 1 1 1  1 5 + 4 + 3 Hence, the correct option is (c).
= + + = 
2  24 30 40  2  120 

Let a = 1.06 and b = 0.46
2.
1  12  1 a2 − b2 ( a − b)( a + b)
=  =
2  120  20 a+b
=
( a + b)
=a−b
\ A, B, and C can do the work in 20 days.
Hence, the correct option is (c). 1.06 × 1.06 − 0.46 × 0.46
\ = 1.06 − 0.46 = 0.6
1.06 − 0.46
13. Given, M1 = 15 and D1 = 20
Let x be the more number of men required to
) ( x) − ( y) = x − y
complete the work.
( )(
2 2
1 3. x + y x− y =
Work done = = w1
3 Now, (x + y) (x − y) = x2 − y2
Remaining work = = w2
3
\ M2 = 15 + x; D2 = 15 4. 5 x − 16
M1D1 M2 D2 )
x + 3 5 x2 − x + 5
We have, =
w1 w2 5 x2 + 15 x
15 × 20 (15 + x )15 ( −) ( −)
⇒ = ⇒ 40 = 15 + x ⇒ x = 25 − 16 x + 5
1 2
3 3 − 16 x − 48
Hence, the correct option is (d). (+ ) (+ )
53
14. Let the length of train be t.
\ Total distance travelled by train = (150 + t) m \ The required remainder is 53.
Distance = Speed × Time Hence, the correct option is (d).
(150 + t) = 40 × 20 ab − a − b + 1
5.
150 + t = 800 = a (b − 1) −1(b − 1)
\ t = 800 − 150 = 650 m = (b − 1) (a − 1)
Hence, the correct option is (d). Hence, the correct option is (a).
15. (i) (x + 3) (x − 2) = x2 − 2x + 3x − 6 = x2 + x − 6 (B)
Given,
6.
(ii) (x − 3) (x + 2) = x2 + 2x − 3x − 6 −3a2 + 5b2 − 2ab
= x2 − x − 6(D) = (a2 − 4a2) + (4b2 + b2) − 2ab
(iii) (x + 3) (x + 2) = x2 + 3x + 2x + 6 = (a2 + b2 − 2ab) + (4b2 − 4a2)
= x2 + 5x + 6(A) = (a − b)2 + (4) (b − a) (b + a)
(iv) (x − 3) (x − 2) = x2 − 2x − 3x + 6 = (b − a)2 + 4(b + a) (b − a)
= x2 − 5x + 6(C) = (b − a) [(b − a) + 4b + 4a]
(i) → (B); (ii) → (D); (iii) → (A); (iv) → (C) = (b − a) [5b + 3a]

Required area of a square = (a − b + c)2

7. 12. A’s one day’s work
(a − b + c) (a − b + c) 1
= [(A + B) − (B + C) + (C + A)]
= a (a − b + c) − b(a − b + c) + c(a − b + c) 2
= a2 − ab + ac − ab + b2 − bc + ac − bc + c2
1 1 1 1  1 6 − 4 + 3 1  5  5
= a2 + b2 + c2 − 2bc − 2ab + 2ca =  8 − 12 + 16  = 2  48  = 2  48  = 96
2  
Distance = 200 km
8. 96 1
\ A alone can do the work in , i.e., 19 days
Time = 25 h 5 5
Distance Hence, the correct option is (b).
Speed =
Time
13. M1 = 15; H1 = 8; M2 = 12
200 km 5 20
= = 8 kmph = 8 × m/s = m/s . H2 = ?
25 h 18 9
M1H1 = M2H2
15 × 8 = 12 × H2
9.
\ H2 = 10 h
Person Efficiency Time taken Hence, the correct option is (b).
A 4x y 14. Distance travelled by the train = (250 + 200) m
B x 4y = 450 m
4y = 40 days ⇒ y = 10 days Time taken by the train to travel the distance of
Hence, the correct option is (a). 450 m = 15 s
1 1 Distance
10. The ratio of working rates of P and Q is : . Speed =
5 6 Time
= 6:5
5 450 18
∴ The share of Q = (`132,000) = `60,000 \ Required speed = × kmph = 108 kmph
11 15 5
11. Average speed
Total distance 15. Note: Verify the equations from RHS to LHS.
=
Total time (i) 2x2 + x − 1 = (x + 1) (2x − 1)
( 4 × 50) + (6 × 60) + (5 × 38) 750 (ii) 2x2 − 3x + 1 = (x − 1) (2x − 1)
= =
( 4 + 6 + 5) 155 (iii) 2x2 + 3x + 1 = (x + 1) (2x + 1)
= 50 kmph (iv) 2x2 − x − 1 = (x − 1) (2x + 1)
Hence, the correct option is (a). Hence, the correct option is (b).

A.40 Chapter 9 Statistics and Set Theory
CHAPTER 9
Statistics and Set Theory
Assessment Test I
The required sequential order is BDAC.
1. A⊆B⇒A∩B=A
8.
Hence, the correct option is (b). ∴ n(A ∩ B) = n(A) = 10
The sum of 12 observations = 12 × 15 = 180
2.
The sum of (12 − 2) observations P = {1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18}
9.
= 180 − 11 − 19 = 150 Q = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24}
150 P ∪ Q = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24}
∴ New mean = = 15
10 ∴ n(P ∪ Q) = 10
The height of a bar representing 180 units
3. 10. Given, n(Ch) = 20, n(Ca) = 35, and n(Ca ∪ Ch) = 40
180 × 7 n(Ca ∪ Ch) = n(Ca) + n(Ch) − n(Ca ∩ Ch)
= = 12 cm
105 ⇒ 40 = 35 + 20 − n(Ca ∩ Ch)
Hence, the correct option is (a). ⇒ n(Ca ∩ Ch) = 15
∴ The number of students who play only
Total weight of 30 students
4.
chess
= 12 × 40 + 18 × 42
= n(Ch) − n(Ca ∩ Ch) = 20 − 15 = 5
= 480 + 756 = 1236 kg
1236
∴ Average weight = = 41.2 kg 11. Given, n(m) = 50, n (m) = 24, and n(H) = 38
30
Hence, the correct option is (a). n(E ∪ H) = n (m) − 8 = 50 − 8 = 42
Let the total value be x.

5. n (E ∪ H) = n (E) + n (H) − n (E ∩ H)
39 42 = 24 + 38 − n (E ∩ H)
∴ × 360° = 108° ⇒ n (E ∩ H) = 20
x
360 × 39 Hence, the correct option is (d).
⇒x= = 130
108 12. Option (c): A = {1, 2, 3, …, 9}
Hence, the correct option is (d). B = {0, 1, 2, 3, …, 15}
The ascending order is 12, 17, 19, x, 24, 32, 35
6. B − A = {0, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15}
(∴ median is x) ∴ n(B − A) = 7
∴ 19 ≤ x ≤ 24 13. Option (a): Let the required set be x.
Option (c) follows. x = {S, C, I, E, N}
Hence, the correct option is (c). ∴ n(x) = 5
Total number of outcomes = 6
7. 14. Option (d): The required number of subsets =
Favourable outcomes are 4 and 6. 23 = 8
2 1
∴ The required probability = = 15. Option (b): {2, 3} and {6, 7, 8} are elements of X.
6 3
Hence, the correct option is (b). ∴ n(X) = 6

Assessment Test II P = {1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 28}

9.
Q = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36}
The required sequential order is BDAC.
1.
P ∩ Q = {1, 2, 4}
⇒ n(P ∩ Q) = 3
The sum of 9 observations = 12 × 9 = 108
108 + 16 + 9
The required mean = 10. C F
9 +2
143
= = 13
11 17 6 7
15 × 176
The required number of cars =
3. = 330 Given, n(C) = 23
8
n(C ∪ F) = 30 and
n(C ∩ F) = 6
The required average height
4. n(C ∪ F) = n(c) + n(F) − n(C ∩ F)
22 × 160 + 18 × 165 3520 + 2970 ⇒ 30 = 23 + n(F) − 6 ⇒ n(F) = 13
= =
22 + 18 40 ∴ The number of students who play only
6490 football = n(F) − n(C ∩ F)
= = 162.25 cm
40 = 13 − 6 = 7
Hence, the correct option is (a). Hence, the correct option is (d).
Let the total value be x.

5. 11.
54 n( m ) = 100
Given, × 360° = 81°
x
T C
54 × 360°
⇒x= = 240
81° 50 25
10
Given, median = x
6.
⇒ x is the middle most value. Given, n(T) = 60, n(C) = 35 and n(T ∩ C) = 10
∴ The ascending order is 8, 15, 23, x, 28, 35, 42 n(T ∪ C) = n(T) + n(C) − n(T ∩ C)
⇒ 23 ≤ x ≤ 28
= 60 + 35 − 10 = 85
Option (b) follows.
∴ Required number of persons
= 100 − 85 = 15
Total number of outcomes = 6
Favourable outcomes are 2, 3, and 5.
12. Option (b): P = {1, 2, 3, …, 15}
3 1
∴ The required probability = = Q = {1, 3, 5, 7, …, 19}
6 2
Hence, the correct option is (a). P − Q = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14}
∴ n (P − Q) = 7
A⊆B⇒A∪B=B
8.
13. Option (e): Given set is {M, A, T, H, E, I, C, S}
⇒ n(A ∪ B) = n(B)
∴ The cardinal number is 8.
⇒ n(A ∪ B) = 12
Hence, the correct option is (c). 14. Option (d): The number of subsets = 24 = 16

A.42 Chapter 9 Statistics and Set Theory
15. Option (a): {b, c, d} {i} and {l, m} are elements of X. The frequency of 19 is 4, which is the highest.
∴ n (X) = 9 Given that mode is x.
Therefore, x is 19.
Assessment Test III Hence, the correct option is (b).
The following are the steps in sequential order,
1. Primes in the given range are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13,
7.
involved in preparing a frequency table to 17, 19, 23, and 29.
analyse 50 families based on the number of 10 1
Required probability = =
children of those families: 30 3
(C) Draw a table with columns namely Hence, the correct option is (d).
(1). Number of children, (2). Tally marks, Composite numbers on the dice are 4 and 6.
8.
and (3). Number of families (frequency). 2 1
(D) Select a family and write tally mark against 6 3
the corresponding number of children. Hence, the correct option is (b).
(A) Record tally marks for the entire data. The set of odd numbers and the set of even
9.
(B) Count the tally marks and write the num- numbers are always disjoint.
ber under frequency column. Hence, the correct option is (b).
∴ CDAB is the required sequential order.
10. 4 is the only composite number less than 6.
∴ Option (a) follows.
Component value
Central angle =
2. × 360° Hence, the correct option is (a).
Total value
15% 11. When n = 1, x = 12 + 1 = 2
= × 360° When n = 2, x = 22 + 2 = 6
100%
= 54° When n = 3, x = 32 + 3 = 12
Hence, the correct option is (b). ∴ Roster form is A = {2, 6}.
Value of the bar = 5.4 × 90 = 486 units
3.
12. A ∪ B = {2, 3, 7, 8} ∪ {1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9}
= {1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9}
11 + 13 + 15 + . . . . . + 29
Mean =
20
200 13. A = {6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, …}
= = 20
10 B = {8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48, 56, …}
Hence, the correct option is (d). A ∩ B = {24, 48, 72, …}
Ascending order of the given data 21, 29, 29,
5. A ∩ B = {Multiples of 24}
31, 35, 39 , 40, 41, 45, 49, and 50. There are 11 Hence, the correct option is (c).
observations.
14. n(A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B)
The median of the data is 6th observation = 39
= 15 + 12 − 7 = 20
6.
15. (i) A − B = {3, 4, 5} − {2, 3, 4}
Observation Frequency = {5} → (C)
16 2 (ii) A ∩ B = {3, 4, 5} ∩ {2, 3, 4}
17 2 = {3, 4} → (B)
18 2
19 4 (iii) A ∪ B = {3, 4, 5} ∪ {2, 3, 4}
20 2 = {2, 3, 4, 5} → (D)

(iv) B − A = {2, 3, 4} − {3, 4, 5} Numbers divisible by 6 are 24, 30, 36, 42, 48,
= {2} → (A) 54, and 60.
7
Hence, the correct option is (c). Required probability =
20
Assessment Test IV
2, 3, and 5 are the primes on a dice.
8.
The following are the sequenced steps to con-
1. 3 1
struct a pie diagram: 6 2
(D) Consider the total value of all the items Hence, the correct option is (a).
equal to 360°.
(d)
9.
(B) Convert the value of each component of A B
the data into its equivalent degrees using
the formula.
(C) Draw a circle with appropriate radius. ∴ Option (d) is a disjoint figure.

(A) Mark the angles at the centre of the circle Hence, the correct option is (d).
and draw the sectors.
10. ‘9’ is the only odd composite less than 10.
∴ DBCA is the required sequential order.
Component value 11. When n = 1, x = 12 − 1 + 1 = 1
Central angle =
2. × 360°
Total value When n = 2, x = 22 − 2 + 1 = 3
72° When n = 3, x = 32 − 3 + 1 = 7
= × 360°
540°
When n = 4, x = 42 − 4 + 1 = 13
= 48°
x = {1, 3, 7, 13}
420
Length of the bar =
3. = 7 cm
60 12. A ∩ B = {1, 2, 5, 7, 9} ∩ {2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8}
Hence, the correct option is (b). = {2, 7}
2, 3, 5, 7, and 11 are the first 5 primes.
4. Hence, the correct option is (c).
2 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 11 28 13. A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36}
Mean = = = 5.6
5 5 B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48}
A − B = {9, 18, 36}
Ascending order of the given observations is
12, 12, 13, 14, 14, 15, 16, 16, 17, 18, 19, 19, 25.
14. n (A ∪ B) = n(A) + n(B) − n(A ∩ B)
There are 13 observations.
n(A ∪ B) = 12 + 8 − 8
∴ The median of the data is the 7th observa-
tion = 16 (As B ⊂ A, n(A ∩ B) = n(B))
Hence, the correct option is (c). ∴ n(A ∪ B) = 12
As 11 occurs the maximum number of times,
6.
the mode is 11. 15. (i) → (C); (ii) → (B); (iii) → (D); (iv) → (A)
7. From the set of 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, …
60,

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About Pearson

Pearson is the world’s learning company, with presence across 70 countries

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Trishna Knowledge Systems

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Assessment Test I 1.1 CHAPTER 6 Number System6.1

Assessment Test I 3.1 Assessment Test I 8.1

CHAPTER 4 Indices4.1 Assessment Test I 9.1

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Percentages, Profit and Loss,

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Partial Fractions Instalments Banking

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Assessment Test I Time: 30 min.

1. The Sum of the first n terms of an A.P. is given by:

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If A = p (R2 − r2), then which of the following is true?

If three-fourth of a number exceeds one-third of the number by 65, then find

If 0.6 (4x - 3) - 0.8 (2x + 4) = 1.4, then find the value of x.

11. Which of the following is a solution of 5x - 1 < 3x + 7?

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Assessment Test II Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

The total surface area of a cuboidal box is given by:

Find the relation between x and y from the given table:

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5 7 72 Space for rough work

If three-fifth of a number is subtracted from two-third of the number, then

If 3(4 - 0.7x) - 5(2 - 0.4x) = 12, then what is the value of x?

11. Which of the following is a solution of 12x - 5 > 8x + 3?

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Assessment Test III Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

Which of the following values satisfies 2x + 3 > −8?

Find the relation between x and y from the given table:

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13. Read the following table:

14. Solve for x: 3x + 2 = 7x - 38.

15. Match the values of Column A with those of Column B.

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Assessment Test IV Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

The difference between a two-digit number and the number formed by

If x + 2 ≥ 2, and x ∈ N, then which of the following values of x satisfies the

Which of the following values satisfy 3x − 2 ≤ 4?

Solve for x: 2.5x + 22 > x + 7, x ∈ Q.

Find the relation between a and b from the given table.

M01_IIT-FOUNDATION_XXXX_CH01.indd 8 4/10/2018 11:56:54 AM

If d = st, then which of the following is true?

13. Read the following table:

Which of the following is true for x, y, and z?

14. Solve for x: 8x − 4 = 3x − 29

15. Match the values of Column A with those of Column B.

M01_IIT-FOUNDATION_XXXX_CH01.indd 9 4/10/2018 11:56:56 AM

Assessment Test III

M01_IIT-FOUNDATION_XXXX_CH01.indd 10 4/10/2018 11:56:56 AM

Assessment Test I Time: 30 min.

3. If P = x2 − 2x + 3 and Q = x2 − 5, then what is the value of PQ.

6. Simplify: (x + 2y)2 − (x − 2y)2

M02_IIT-FOUNDATION_XXXX_CH02.indd 1 4/13/2018 5:24:10 PM

Which of the following is a factor of xy + x - y - 1?

10. The HCF of 27x4y2z and 36x3y4 is ______.

11. Find the quotient when 8x4 - 6x2 + 3x - 5 is divided by (x - 1).

M02_IIT-FOUNDATION_XXXX_CH02.indd 2 4/10/2018 11:30:59 AM

Assessment Test I 1.1 CHAPTER 6 Number System6.1

Assessment Test I 3.1 Assessment Test I 8.1

CHAPTER 4 Indices4.1 Assessment Test I 9.1

Assessment Test II Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

Assessment Test III Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

Assessment Test IV Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

Assessment Test II Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

Assessment Test III Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

Assessment Test IV Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

Assessment Test II Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

Assessment Test III Time: 30 min. Space for rough work

Assessment Test IV Time: 30 min. Space for rough work