Emmi

eD.Cast
il
lo

Kev
inBust
ali
nio

HM101

POSI
TIONPAPERFORTHECAVI
TEMUTI
NY

I
NTRODUCTI
ON

St
udy
inghi
stor
yisi
mpor
tantbecausei
tal
l
owsust
ounder
standourpast
,whi
chi
ntur
nal
l
ows
ust
ounder
standourpr
esent
.Ifwewantt
oknowhowandwhyourwor
ldi
sthewayi
tist
oday
,
wehav
etol
ookt
ohi
stor
yforanswer
s.Thi
sposi
ti
onpaperwi
l
ldi
scussaboutt
het
womaj
or
ev
ent
shappenedi
n1872.Fi
rstwast
he1872Cav
iteMut
iny
,andt
heot
herwast
hemar
tyr
dom of
t
het
hreemar
tyrpr
iest
sint
heper
sonsofFat
her
sMar
ianoGomes,
JoseBur
gosandJaci
nto
Zamor
a(GOMBURZA)
.Howev
er,
notev
ery
oneknewt
hatt
her
ewer
edi
ff
erentaccount
sin
r
efer
encet
othesai
dev
ent
.

Al
lFi
l
ipi
nosmustknowt
hedi
ff
erentsi
desoft
hest
orysi
ncet
hisev
entl
edt
oanot
hert
ragi
cyet
meani
ngf
ulpar
tofourhi
stor
y,t
heex
ecut
ionofGOMBURZAwhi
chi
nef
fectamaj
orf
act
ori
nthe
awakeni
ngofnat
ional
i
sm amongt
heFi
l
ipi
nos.

THECAVI
TEMUTI
NY

Cav
iteMut
iny
,(Jan.20,
1872)
,br
iefupr
isi
ngof200Fi
l
ipi
not
roopsandwor
ker
satt
heCav
ite
ar
senal
,whi
chbecamet
heexcusef
orSpani
shr
epr
essi
onoft
heembr
yoni
cPhi
l
ippi
ne
nat
ional
i
stmov
ement
.Ir
oni
cal
l
y,t
hehar
shr
eact
ionoft
heSpani
shaut
hor
it
iesser
vedul
ti
mat
ely
t
opr
omot
ethenat
ional
i
stcause.Themut
inywasqui
ckl
ycr
ushed,
butt
heSpani
shr
egi
meunder
t
her
eact
ionar
ygov
ernorRaf
ael
deI
zqui
erdomagni
fi
edt
hei
nci
dentandusedi
tasanexcuset
o
cl
ampdownont
hoseFi
l
ipi
noswhohadbeencal
l
ingf
orgov
ernment
alr
efor
m.Anumberof
Fi
l
ipi
noi
ntel
l
ect
ual
swer
esei
zedandaccusedofcompl
i
cit
ywi
tht
hemut
ineer
s.Af
terabr
ieft
ri
al,
t
hreepr
iest
sJoséBur
gos,
Jaci
ntoZamor
a,andMar
ianoGómezwer
epubl
i
clyexecut
ed.The
t
hreesubsequent
lybecamemar
tyr
stot
hecauseofPhi
l
ippi
nei
ndependence.

TheMar
tyr
dom oft
het
hreepr
iest(
GOMBURZA)whi
chi
sthecol
l
ect
ivenameoft
het
hree
mar
tyr
edpr
iest
,taggedast
hemast
ermi
ndsoft
heCav
itemut
iny
.The(
GOMBURZA)wer
e
pr
omi
nentFi
l
ipi
nopr
iestchar
gewi
tht
reasonandsedi
ti
on.TheSpani
shcl
ergyconnect
edt
he
pr
iestt
othemut
inyaspar
tofaconspi
racyt
ost
if
let
hemov
ementofsecul
arpr
iestwhodesi
red
t
ohav
ethei
rownpar
ishesi
nst
eadofbei
ngassi
stant
stot
her
egul
arf
ri
ars.

Ther
ear
etwov
ersi
onsoft
heCav
iteMut
inyt
heSpani
shandFi
l
ipi
noVer
sion.Theaccount
sof
Dr
.Tr
ini
dadH.Par
dodeTav
eraandt
heaccountofJoseMont
eroyVi
dal
.Theper
spect
ivesof
t
het
wohi
stor
ianscr
eat
edancont
rov
ersy
,IsCav
itemut
inyangr
andconspi
racyanat
tempti
n
ov
ert
hrowi
ngt
heSpani
shgov
ernmenti
nthePhi
l
ippi
nesorCav
iteMut
inyi
snotagr
and
conspi
racybutmer
elyal
abori
ssue.

SI
DESOFTHECONTROVERSY

Spani
shVer
sionofCav
iteMut
iny

JoseMont
eroyVi
dal
wasaSpani
shhi
stor
ianwhowr
otet
hebookHi
stor
iaGener
aldeFi
l
ipi
nas
ast
heSpani
shv
ersi
onCav
iteMut
inyof1872.Mont
erosaccountcent
eredonhowt
heev
ent
wasanat
tempti
nov
ert
hrowi
ngt
heSpani
shgov
ernmenti
nthePhi
l
ippi
nes.Hi
saccounton
mut
inywascr
it
ici
zedaswoef
ull
ybi
ased.Car
losMar
iadel
aTor
rewasr
eli
evedf
rom hi
spost
wi
tht
heest
abl
i
shmenti
nSpai
nofagov
ernmentwhi
chwasl
essr
adi
cal
.Raf
ael
deI
zqui
erdo
assumedcont
rol
ofgov
ernment
.Theabol
i
tionoft
hepr
ivi
l
egesenj
oyedbyt
hel
abor
ersoft
he
Cav
iteAr
senal
ofexempt
ionf
rom t
het
ri
but
ewast
hecauseoft
hei
nsur
rect
ion.Under
scor
ethe
r
easonf
ort
her
evol
uti
on,
abol
i
tionofpr
ivi
l
egesenj
oyedbyt
hewor
ker
sofCav
iteAr
senal
such
asexempt
ionf
rom pay
mentoft
ri
but
eandbei
ngempl
oyedi
nPol
osYSer
vici
os(
For
ceLabor
).
Thepr
esenceoft
henat
ivecl
ergy
,agai
nstt
heSpani
shf
ri
arsconspi
redandsuppor
tedt
her
ebel
s.

Fi
li
pinoVer
sionofCav
iteMut
iny

Accor
di oDr
ngt .Tr
ini
dadH.Par
doDeTav
era,
thi
swasmer
elyamut
inyof
nat
iveFi
l
ipi
nosol
dier
sandl
abor
ersofcav
itear
senal
agai
nstt
hehar
shpol
i
cyofdespot
ic
Gov
ernorCapt
ain-
Gener
alRaf
ael
dei
zqui
erdowhi
chi
sabol
i
shedt
hei
rol
d-t
imepr
ivi
l
egesi
f
exempt
ionf
rom pay
ingt
heannual
tri
but
eandf
rom r
ender
ingf
orcedl
abor(
pol
o).Fi
l
ipi
noshad
gr
eathopesofani
mpr
ovementi
ntheaf
fai
rsoft
hei
rcount
ry.Thel
ossofpr
ivi
l
egesr
esent
edby
t
hesol
dier
sandl
abor
erswast
hepr
imar
ycauseoft
her
evol
t.Di
ssat
isf
act
ionanddi
scont
ent
wi
tht
hegov
ernmentspr
eadal
lov
er.Gen.i
zqui
erdomadei
tcl
eart
hatt
her
ewi
l
lbenochanges
i
nthegov
ernmentandi
ntendedt
ogov
ernt
hepeopl
ewi
thacr
uci
fi
xinonehandandaswor
din
t
heot
her
.Heal
soest
abl
i
shedt
heschool
ofar
tsandt
radesi
nthecount
ry.t
hosewhosuppor
ted
ex-
Gov
ernordel
aTor
rewer
ecl
assedasper
sonasospechosas(
suspect
s)at
erm usedt
oref
use
t
oobeyt
hewi
shesandwhi
msoft
heaut
hor
it
ies.
Thepeaceofcol
onywasbr
okenand
cul
minat
edi
ntheov
ert
hrowi
ntheSpani
shsov
erei
gnt
yint
hePhi
l
ipi
nei
slands.Upr
isi
ngsand
assassi
nat
ionsi
ntheent
ir
egar
ri
soni
nCav
itewer
edi
saf
fect
ed.Theupr
isi
ngamongt
he
sol
dier
sinCav
itewasusedasapower
ful
lev
erbyt
heSpani
shr
esi
dent
sandbyt
hef
ri
ars.

TheSt
and
Byt
heev
idencest
hatbeenst
atedbyt
hedi
ff
erentsi
des,
iwi
l
lsi
dei
ntot
hespani
shv
ersi
onof
t
heCav
iteMut
inywr
it
tenbyJoseMont
eroyVi
dal
whi
chi
bel
i
evet
hatt
heCav
iteMut
inyi
sa
Gr
andConsi
pir
acy
.

POSI
TIVESTAND

Ibel
i
evet
hatCav
iteMut
inyi
saGr
andConspi
racywhi
chdeal
swi
tht
heSpani
shv
ersi
onor
Spani
shper
spect
ive.Ev
ent
houghIknowt
hatt
heabol
i
tionoft
hepr
ivi
l
egesenj
oyedbyt
he
l
abor
ersoft
heCav
iteAr
senal
ofexempt
ionf
rom t
het
ri
but
ewast
hecauseoft
hei
nsur
rect
ion
buti
fweanal
yzeorr
evi
ewi
tcar
eful
l
ywemustl
ookt
othebi
ggerv
iewsofcont
ent
swemustnot
f
ocusonj
ustonl
yonear
gumentt
hatCav
itemut
inyi
sjustbecauseofl
abori
ssuei
tisj
usta
si
mpl
eandweakar
gumentt
hatl
eadst
oawi
despr
eadupr
isi
ngoft
heFi
l
ipi
nos.Al
sot
hePol
osY
Ser
vici
oswasment
iondaanot
herr
easonwhyCav
iteMut
inyhappened,
buti
sther
eat
heor
ythat
t
hePol
osYSer
vici
oswast
her
ebef
oret
heSpani
ardsar
ri
vedher
e?Andl
ast
lyt
heGOMBURZA
wasnotexecut
edbecauseoft
hel
abori
ssue,
theywer
eexecut
edbecauseGOMBURZAwas
bl
amedf
orbei
ngt
hemast
ermi
ndsoft
heCav
iteMut
iny
.Iti
sagr
andconspi
racybecausewhen
t
heGOMBURZAwasbei
ngt
hedef
endant
stheywer
econv
ict
edgui
l
tybyt
hef
iscal
.Howev
ert
he
pr
osecut
orusedt
hei
nter
pret
ati
onsofGov
.Izqui
erdobaseont
her
epor
tofI
zqui
erdot
het
hree
pr
iestwast
hecauseoft
hewi
despr
eadupr
isi
ngbecauseoft
heci
rcul
ati
onoft
heev
ent
s.That
whyt
heCav
iteMut
inywasbl
amedt
oGOMBURZAsoi
fweanal
yzei
tthel
abori
ssuei
snota
st
rongar
gumentt
hatcausedt
heCav
iteMut
inyt
ohappenoroccur
.

NEGATI
VESTAND

Iopposet
otheper
spect
iveort
heVer
sionofDr
.Tr
ini
dadH.Par
dodeTav
era,
becauseasIsay
wemustl
ooki
ntot
hebi
ggersi
deoft
hecont
rov
ersynotj
ustf
ocusononear
gumentt
hatt
he
Cav
iteMut
inywasonl
ybecauseoft
heLaborI
ssuesoft
heFi
l
ipi
nost
hatcausedanwi
despr
ead
upr
isi
ng

FI
NALSTAND

If
ir
mlybel
i
evedt
hatt
heCav
iteMut
inyanev
entoft
hehi
stor
yisaGr
andConspi
racyandnota
mer
elyl
abori
ssuebecauseoft
hegat
her
edandshownev
idencesandal
sobecauseof
sat
isf
act
oryi
mpactoft
heev
idencest
hatwasgi
veni
nthear
gument
.