A global language Language Summary 1, Student's Book p127 Language ability (ZTE The English verb system [ICIIIEEF El Read wnat Cart, Heidi and Maria say about speaking languages. ED @ Match sentence beginnings 1-8 to Fill in the gaps with the phrases in the boxes. ‘endings a-i 1 Inthe year 1000, English bad-at can't soeckaword know a few words $ THERES 3 Ahundred years ago, many people were Tobe honest, 'm quite! bad at languages. » of French that learned at orang we 4 Cambridge University Press has ‘school, but |S 5. By the 2Ist century, Engish had 6 Immigration, new technologies, popular culture ang even war have can also getby reasonably gcod picked up 7 Atpresent, over e bilion people are 8 Engishis My fist language is Swiss German, but | ve near 8 However, more people speck the border, so 1+ at Italian. 6 in French. We went 0 Lyon 1 row larring Engleh wordwice last summer and i® the language » had approximately 40,000 words very quickly. © all contributed to the gr of English, using French as an international ‘also fuentin can have a conversation fengiea! ‘mbilingual its @ bit rusty pecan Boao My mother is Spanish and my father is French so 1 been publishing English-ienguage " stm? teaching books since 1975 English, which | need for work. 1® 9 Mandarin Chinese than any ether in German, out * Mara language. taken to North America by setlars in tne 17th century. BV Rewite these sentences using the words/phrases in brackets 1 tition a afb boat es 1 I don't know any Japanese, (word) countries, b Match sentences 1-9 in 3a to these ‘vero forms. | can't speak @ word of Japanese, 2. | speak enough German for holidays. (get by) Present Simple 9 ' on holla. Present Continuous 3. Mysiter can speek Crinese very wel uent) Present Simple passive My Present Perfect Simple 4 Iaven't spoken Portuguese for along te. (bit sty) ° _ Present Perfect Contiwous iy Past Simple 5 learned a few words of talan on holiday, (pckec) Past Continuous Past Simple passive 6 I can speak both Turkish and Spanish perfectly. (olingual) ' Past Perfect SimpleEl 2 Read the first part of an article about ‘Basle English’ anc choose the correct verb forms. The langu 180 years, lngu ted over te 3 of inventing an international ‘ave create English and even musical notes. One of the most influential of these ad been was "Basic English By 1923, the First World War *yas/had beon over for fi Europe wes stil eecovering/recovered from its efterts. Charles Kay Ogden, a bookshops in Cambridge. He had just which desorbed ten ust ow we use language, The success of his book nas inspied/nspired Ogden to design 2 universal language — one that was ‘much simper than English, but “doesn al require native English speakers ta study a cifferent language. In 1880, Ogden’s book Basic English: Genera introduction with Rules published ‘estimated that, on average, it "takes/aok about seven years to become fuent in English Ogden" belisved/xas believing that ‘Basi English’ could be leaned in seven weeks. There “had beervivere only 850 words, and the grammar was simpli with very few exceptions to Open learning isnot a new one, Over tha past nifferent languages that jon German, Sparish, | b Read the second part of the article below and illin the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Thelanguage' attracted {attrac} the attention of educators al over the word, but ts development rapt) bythe Second World War. ar, both the British prime minister and the {look Alter the president ofthe United States? for ideas that might promote world peace. They both ‘ (give) speeches that supported the Use of Basic English, Inthe past 60 years, the language 5 (have) some success. n some parts (stl use) Oak has disappear that we i's word lists. Howover, nthe main, the language (know that there are ‘many more non-native than native speakers of English, some linguists ® whether we should revisit Ogden ideas. Ther is even a version of the Wikipedia website wich i Basic English’ for non-native Google it now! (recently as ofthe language. Education [TCU HI Complete the crossword with words connected 3 alongp ith education. money given by an organisation to pay for someone's studies (11) attalk on an academic subject, especialy at university (7) 2 of writing on a particular subject, especially one that is ne as part of ‘college or university (12) money that students must pay to universities for their courses (4) an agreement by which a student at @ college or university borrows money from a bark to pay for their education and then pays the money back after they finish studying and start a job (7, 4) a class, especially at university, with a few students (8) an advanced degree, usually lasting for one year (7) someone who is studying for ther frst degree at university (13) ‘a student who has already got one degree and is studying at a university for a more advanced qualification (12) a senior person who teaches at a Brish univers @Auxiliaries in verb forms [TIER Other uses of auxiliaries [IIE BU a Ave sentences 1-8 correct? Change the incorrect sentences, is 1. Everyone here are doing & Master's degree. 2 Did you went to the seminar yesterday? | do work very hard, but | stl find the course difficult. ‘Some universities does give scholarships, but we don't {'m the only person here who went to state schoo), aren't? If} were you, ! don't eat in the collage canteen, 7 You like doing exams or prefer continuous assessment? 8 I've be invited to apply for a PhD, but the fees are too high. b Match the correct and corrected sentences in 2a to replies a-h a 4 Dontyou? © Theyare, arent they? > Wal im not 1 Ayou? © I dor'tenjoy ether 9 Sodol a Wouldn't you? Whynot? —h—_No, It Read the conversation and choose the correct auxiliary verb, PHIL Hi Ie’s Sara, isn't it? We met last week, we? « You're Phil. PHIL, Well remembered! You # SARA Yes, we warn me when we met that you often forget names. sara 1 unfortunately. But 1° making a special effort this week. Anyway, how 7 i going? pit. OK. already had a tutorial with my PhD tutor. SARA? you? Who's that? PHIL His name’s Professor Shavick. Everyone else was very impressed by him, bur]! m sara 12 PHIL Oh, sorry, hold on ~thar's my phone ringing ... expect you know him, actually. You see, I'm .. tais ® it © coesntt 2a ddit bp haven't arent aadd — b do © have 4 ane — b do < 06 sam » co © have 6am bw et Taha bp does ¢ 6 8 a do > ° Ne oaDd = Hee Havent 10 a wasnt b didn't =e havent i a 'mnot bo dont =e co Baa bhwe ¢ oo ead the second part of the conversation. Fil nthe gaps withthe correct postve or nagatve auxiliaries Use contractions (‘ve, etc) if PHIL, Sor , where were we? Yes, Professor Shavick. He's a bit strange, | isn’t he? a interviewed by him, so we hadn't met before. Iwhen 1 started here, And must admit ~ he SARA Neither * appear rather unusual ‘when you first meer him. PHIL. Unusual? IFT met him in the street, fo probably run away screaming, All that hait! He’s been spending far too much time with his computer. He should get out more often, . h SARA Well, perhaps. PH. Anyway. 17 think Teven asked you what you're doing your PRD in SARA Well, 1 nor doing a PRD actually. 1, er, teach here. PHIL. You don’t, ? you? SARA Er .. yes. Computer science, a8 a matter of fact. Sorry, I ® going to say something earlier, but. Pull, How Shavick is a colleague of yours nbarrassing. So, Professor SARA Erm... well, I suppose he’s my boss really. But !! worry =I tell him anything! And not all tutors are like him, I promise!ee 1C AND SKILLS Reading El Reac the article quickly and choose the best definition of “ateral thinking’ Lateral thinking’ is ‘a. anew way of thinking about old problems, ba tun way of solving puzzles © anahematve way of thinking about preblems, Verb patterns (1) q Read the article again. Fill in the gaps with the correct form "Pe" of the verbs in brackets, Read the article again. Which paragraph or paragraphs in the atticie: 1) encourage you not to give up thinking about the puzzle? By 2 talls you what you need to do if you want to use lateral thinking? 8 explains why some people are better at lateral thinking? 4. gives an example of solving a probiem by lateral thinking? 5 presents a iateral-thinking problem for the reacer 10 sone? 8 explains the way we tracitionally deal with problems? 7 tells you where you can find the solution to the puzzle? Getting results Teaching thinking A. Acting on an anonymous phone eall, ‘the police raid a house to arrest a suspected murderer. They don't know what he look like but they ‘now his name is Jobn. Inside the house, they find a surgeon, a lorry Griver, a mechanie and a fzeman, all playing cards. Without hesitation or asking any questions, they arrest the fireman. How do they know the fireman is the murderer? B The answer to the puzzle is printed at the bottom of the page. But fyou don't know it, try | not to Jook (net look) yetl Read this article and then force yourself? (binky a litte harder. © Inthe 1960s, Edward de Bono, Maltese doctor and writer, invented the phrase ‘lateral thinking’. He believes that wwe understand the world by bullding up patterns based on experience. These patterns teach us? s situations and allow us anise) familiar problems anc (rake) simple decisions quiek'y However, de Bono argues these patterns cen also stop us from seeing the solution 10 a problem D_ Edward de Bone thinks that for every problem, youneed® (check) your assumptions. What did you assume when you read the puzzle above? To think laterally means you make) assumptions about a pratblem and make (think) ‘outside must avoid & yourself” the bex. Now think about the fireman puzzle again. Have you got the solution yet? No? Well, keep € ese) then think again Edward de Bono once asked some children ® (suggest) ways of estimating the height of tal building. Some suggestions were asking the architect and alzo draping a stone from the top, and measuring the time taken to fal. But ene boy refused » (take) the question seriously, “Put the building on its side and measure i" he said. The class laughed. Edward de Bono then managed" (demonstrate) that this was actually a very sensible idea, You can measure the building, de Bone pointed out, n 2 photograph. And if you put something ‘olsen the photograph — that you know the height of you can easily calculate the height ofthe building G Infact, children are often good et lateral thinking. With less life experience, they bring fewer assumptions toa problem, and sa lock fer different solutions. So, if you ean't answer the murderer puzzle yer, try asking a young person the same problem. You might (be) surprised at how simple they fine itt ew Aue au sem uowsiy 24, ‘uOwom je si2m>UeYPeu Pe IAAP huo|‘voRBine aL NoumosKeeping a conversation going a Choose the best response. 1+ Wed lke to do someting more creative than youa. a What'sit ke? b What sort of writing? © Uke what, execty? 2. cant stand exams a Why's that? b Suchas? © Don't you? 2 on doing a jwalory making cass at the moment a How do you mean? & How's going? ¢ Lkewhat, exactly? 4 Richard wants to lea Chinese a Inwhat way? » Hows going? © Doos he? b Match conversations 1-4 in 1a to the next lines a-d. 4&4 Yes, he needs for work b Bad memories from school, really. © Were not sure, Maybe carpentry 4 Realy wel. ove t EA Complete conversations 1-5 with the correct question word and preposition. Whe What Howlong Who Where with from for about to 1 SAM. Clare is starting her own business DAN Really? Who with SAM. It’s just her at the moment, 2 PAUL Alex has written a screenplay. KATE No way! 3 PAUL Ie a thuiller, I think, But Tdon't know the story or anything. Evening classes 3 ROR We've got to give in our application forms soon. AMY 2 Do you know? ROB I think you can just leave them with the secretary. 4 ‘TIM. got this camera for less than half price. CHRIS Did you? ? TIM On a website my brother told me about. 5 SARA Our teacher's going away next week. 1s ? SARA Almost a fortnight, I think, Fil in the gaps in the conversation. Use between one and three words. JIM Clare! Hit CLARE Jim! What a coincidence. I was thinking about you recently JIM! Were you? Why 2 tha? CLARE L was wondering if you're still doing that jewellery class, JIM_No, Lgave that up a few months ago. cLaRE 3 come? TIM Well, we moved house in March, so its abit far. CLARE Really JIM Near here, actually, On Shelford Street. Anyway, 5 ‘going? Are you still reaching? CLARE Yes, but not for much longer, thankfully. JIM. What § mean? CLARE Well, 'm starting my own training business. yim 7 of training? CLARE Presentations, mainly. JIM_ You've always been good at that kind of thing, ‘ 2 I guess teaching helps. CLARE Absolutely. Anyway, enough about me, What's Shelford Street ® > JIM Great, It's a much bigger place than our old one. Of course, life isa little different these days. CLARE Different? In! 2 JIM Well, since we had the baby ... CLARE A baby? Congratulations! I had no idea! Reading and Writing Portfolio 1 p64Expressing frequency EI 2 Read the nutritional advice in the ‘Healthy eating'leafet Choose the correct phrases in these sentences. 1 You can eat chins €iery 60 oft Imost of the time. Try to eat some fruit once ina while/every day. I's aight to snack on biscuits ‘once in a while/most ofthe time. Only eat crisps every now and again/more often than not. Eating red meat most days/rarely isn’t good for you. b Read these comments. Are the people following the advice in the leaflet? Write ¥ (Yes) or N (No). 1 ¥ O ‘More often than not I'l choose fish or chicken rather than a burger. | have chips fer dinner most days. I seldom remember to eat aan apple or an orange. | have a biscuit with my cottee every now and again. Every £0 often, when I'm on the compute, Il have a packet of ersps, J only eat vagotablos at weekends. My favourite food is cheese sandwiches on white bread ~ | eat them for lunch once ina while It’s bad for you! Language Summary 2, Student's Book p130 X BE CAREFUL! (ONCE A WEEK) fruit, nuts isps wholemeal bread white bread, rice, pasta white meat (eg. chicken, turkey) red meat vegetables fried or roast potatoes white/oily fish cokes, biscuits, chocolate Present and past habits, repeated actions and states [ZIIIUUES 1 Choose the correct verb form. Sometimes both are possible. When my father nedywould reach 40, something strange “used to hapeen happened to him. Before this, he Swas always eating/always used to ‘eat what he wanted, but now ‘he's never eating/he won't eat any tied food and She's akvays worrying/he worried about how much sugar and sait there ‘sin everything. Tris is the same man who ®used to eat/would eat chocolate all day long! These days "he gets up/he’d get up early to go to the gym every morning before work. Before his 40" birthday, he ®would even complain/wvas even complaining about having to walk to the cart Are the words/phrases in bold correct? Change the incorrect words/ phrases and tick the correct phrases. | used to Wve in a tiny vilage in southern tay ery years ago befor | Tused-te-ge to university. At that time there was very litle tourism s0 there didn't use to be many restaurants and there only “use to be one small hotel. Because the vilage was so smal ‘everyone Swould know everyone ese and 0 people “would always say helio to you inthe shops or while you were walking down the streets. We ’spent a lot of time sitting in calés and bars, chatting to everyone in our bad Italian! it would be very cheap to eat out so ‘we ate delicious food all the time for next to nothing. We ®used to make some fantastic friends and we stil go back there from time to time to vist them, 1 went 4 a 2 v 5 8 3 6 °El Choose the correct endings. 11 My aunt is always apologising for everything she does. - @) find it really annoying! b- She's very polite! 2. Fred used to lke piaying football a. but he prefers watching it these days, b but ho doesn't like watching it 3. | want to Scotland for my hoidays last year, a. twould rain every day. b Itrained every day. 4 Tigo cut for a long walk when I'm feeling stressed. @ Itholps me clear my head, b_ Itc help me feal better 8 My dad and | would watch Match of the Day ‘together on television. ‘a ttused to be on at 10 p.m. on Saturdays. b_ I remember seging it a couple ot times. Feelings and opinions Ei Put sentences a-j in order 1-10. | know that Barcelona was famous Luckily they were more than satisiod ¢ [J ofartand architecture, and were shocked 4 of all the wonderful restaurants we went to hilo we were there, by theicoa of sightsosing in the heat ofthe day. 1 with the shopping in Barcelona, and Lwasn't at all disappointed 9 about the idea of visiting the cathedral and houses that Gauoi designed, 1] bythe tertastc bungs | saw, And none of Ls would per get eck i for its fantastic architecture so | was excited i Unfortunately, however, the finds | went with were not very fond Life’s different here Rewrite the sentences using the word in brackets. 1. | drank up to five cups of strong coftes every morring boetore | gave up, (would) would drink up to five cups of strong coffee every ‘moming before I gave up. 2 My docter frequently tls me to take more exercise. (ahvays) 3. My wife always checks the labels before she buys food. (wil) 4 When I was a student, | was a vegetarian, (used to) 5 [never worried about my food untl | out on weight, (used to) 6 When my chidren were smal | never gave them fast food. (would) Ed Choose the correct prepositions. Dear everyens ng rect ne artefacts fie The ie Seem fc nya war he e's teh ore oft cing shark! ieee ‘Thanks fr the flr om the sport et ee ‘are yet about our pons, but wil phone ye eon so Cnmbrsige confi. re une of ony presi the eeesty Fig, ay. Ue Meer yeuare mera Wythe pure eather | Beth chose of courte to, andbe used to, get used to [TITIES 1 Fritin the gaps withthe correct form of be used! to or get used fo and the verb in brackets, 41) Julia kept drinking lots of water. She isn't used to eating such spicy fod. 2 Tmadaye losing my sunglasses. | haven't thom yet. (wear) Im nding it more dificult han | thought to con the right. (drive) 4 Mychitoren are because we traveled abroad when they were babies. ty) 5 Itstaken me ages, but've frally tea with mil, (Fink) 6 Areyou in a country without seasons yat? ve) 7 My grandmother's now femal, but she stil can't use a mobile phone. (answer) Will has just started working from home. the gaps with the correct form of these verbs. waste enjoy organise focus wear haveto get 1. Bofore | worked from home, used to waste at least three hours a day on the train, 2 stil can't get used to not leave home at seven o'clock every morning 3 I'mstil net used to my own working day, | got distracted easily. 4 used to chatting to poop inthe office go | sometimes feel a bit lonely 5 I'm slowly getting used to (en work, rather than what's happening at home. 6 tind it clificut to get used to suits and tes again instead of ny jaan. 7 When Lworkee in an office, | never used to hhome in time to go to the gym in the evenings. Ed Match sentence beginnings 1-6 to endings a-f. 1 2 There always f She can't get Shell never Are you Did he He's never ‘getting used to your new schoo? used to getting up 80 early now she has this new jb. 0 used to lvng in the couniry He finds it strange ct used tothe long winters inthis country, {se to be an actor at one time? sed tobe a lot of trafic on this road. What's happened? Find one mistake in each sentence and correct it, working I'm not used to were so hard, He's getting used to have a baby in the house, He's use to driving long distances, 50 don't worry He used to the hot weather. He ‘comes from Australia | didn't used to tke him, but | do now. We used to playing together when we were children. Did you two used to know each other? How long oid it take to get used to wear contact lenses?Reading Hl ead the article about body language and match headings 1-4 to paragraphs A-D. 1 It'sa.small world 3. First impressions 2 Don't jump to 4 The rules of attraction conclusions: Read the article again and decide whether these sentences are true (T) or false (F). 1 [F] People don't usually form an opinion o before they've spoken to them. 2] People everywhere nod their head to say ‘yes! and shake their head to say ‘no! 2 [[] Iisimpossible to smile prog ou don't feet Tica it 4 [] trwe are attracted to someone, we often try to copy what they are doing. 5 [_] The most universal form of communication is one we're not usualy aware of 6 [_] Bocy language doesn't always mean what you think itdoes. Word building (1): suffixes [ZUIEEF El Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets. All the words are in bold in the article, 1. try not to make judgements about psopie just 1 are wearing, (judge) because of what t 2. The new job I've been offered wil give me a lot more responsiole) 3 Doyouhavea about where to have the meeting next week? (prefer) 4 only have the to do and then the report willbe finished. (concluc) 5 Alot of these expressions from other languages. (origin) 6 You should speak with more ityou want them to believe you! (convince) 7 Thatsa tunusval idea that you just came up with (ral) 8 What |just sai to her wasn'tinterded as a of he nk. (criticise) 9 Unies you take off that hat, you won't be at all. (recognition) THE SIGNS Most experts agree that it only takes between 90 seconds and four minutes to decid what we think about someone, ‘And in fact, 80% cf the time, we reach a conclusion about someone bbased on body language, before that person has even ‘opened their mouth! OF course, what you say later will matter, and this 's your responsibility. However, you do need to get the body language right straight away or people won' stay around long enough to find out hovr fascinating you really ara! Many gestures, such as how you say ‘yes’ or ‘no! originate from a specific country, but others are Universal. For example, al people wrinkle their noses, ‘and raise their top lp to show disike or criticism. Everyone knows what a smiles, too, and when you're only pretending to smile, This is because muscles around the eyes are linked to the emetional part af your brain, 60 they only work when you realy meant. Also, fo have any conviction, a smile will ade alter few seconds. Fake smiles tend to last much longer. ‘There are also signals to tell us whether someone is attracted to us. When someone firts with you, they will mako eye contact. This preference is shown by enlarged pupils and they wil blink more often. Admirers will also miror your behaviour, often unconsciously. So Ifyou lean forward or take a sip of a drink, you wil find that they will do the sama. However, there is another gesture we are probably unaware of, but which is used bby ovory culture on Earth and winich some experts claim is the most instantly reeognisable non-verbal human greeting. When we fist see someone we find attractive, our eyebrows rise and fall and If they fool the same, they raise their eyebrows, too, I's not surprising if you have never noticed this, since the whole proses. conly lasts about a fith of a second! However, don't make judgements about peopie on Just one thing! Look for 2 least faur signals. Siting with their arms crossed might look as if someone is being Cetensive, but it might really mean they'e feeling cold! 3 |Discussion language (1): agreeing and disagreeing politely [ZIMMER El Match phrase beginnings 1-8 o endings ah, 1 Oh, do you! a stil net convinced. 2 Oh, b whet you mean, 3 leant be right ther. 4 | suppose 6 think so? 5 Wel, in @ argue with that © You might 1 a.good point 7 | see 8 wouldn't say that. 8 That's fr thats true, actually Read opinions 1-6. Decide if a and b are agreeing (A) or disagreeing (D). 1 think he's cone really well as manager is season. @ Oh, doyou think so? _D b_ I suppose you've got a point thee. A 2 think i's time people started supporting our local shops instead! of Using big supermarkets, a wouldn't say that b cant really arque with that 3. The goverment ought to fine people who don’t recycle paper and piastic. ‘a You might be right there, b can't really see the point of doing that! 4. Inmy opinion, there's too much pressure on young people these days. | see your point. bb I don't know about that. 5. Footballers are paid far too much, if you ask me. | suppose that's true, actually, b That's a good point 6 The reason many people don't buy much organic food is because t's expensive ‘8 Wall stil not convinced, | see what you mean. | see your point Ell Read the conversations and fill in the gaps with these phrases. ean't really eee the point ef that. | see what you mean, (On, do you think so? ‘Well | can't argue with that Well I'm stil nat convinced, 1A 5A My brother never lets his children watch TV at home. {can't really see the point of that. ‘They'll just watch it somewhere else instead, That film was really boring. quite enjoyed it. I don’t eat red meat any more because all the evidence shows it's bad for you. 1rd prefer to see more research hefore I give it up. Experts are now saying thar teenagers need at least ten hours? sleep a nigh. Allex is always bad-tempered the next day if he stays up late, We think that making teenagers get a part-time job means they learn che value of money, You're right, just as long as their school work doesn’t suffer. “> Reading and Writing Portfolio 2 966Crime EEE Criminals and crime verbs | VOCABULARY 3.2 4 Hl Complete sentences 1-7 with the correct pai of crimes and crime verbs mruggednugging burglary/bugled peftistolen — shoplif/shopiiting loaticoting smuggle/smugging vandalism /vancalice 1 Iwas mugged me 10k my mobile. | reported the ecently. So ow mugging ‘0 the police. 2 something is you, report the 3 Graffiti is a common king UK pout £1 bilion each year. Graffiti artists manly ‘oad sions ‘and public ransport. 4 High taxes in Britain inthe 18th rtury led to a dramatic increase in most common items 10 into B ‘were tobacco and alcohol milion instances. in British stores each year, you in the UK and are caught, you will almest always be prose 6 Theey In New Orte Hurricane Katrina, inmeciately n the potice fuel from "ed cars certo otive their police cars, 7 My parents were last year. The criminals got in through an open window. It was my parents’ frst and they were upset ” Against the law Language Summary 3, Student's Book p132 Bd Complete the puzzle with words for criminals. neone who 1. imentionelly damages ‘operty belonging to other people, 2 takes a person and lcs them prisoner, often in orcter to Jemand money. (9) 3 takes things or poopie nething. (8) mes, often for political reasons. (9) snd homes during a people, often in the street, to steal sc 8 commits violent c 8 steals things from shor ariot or war: (6) ster, for examole Second conditional; alternatives for if [{TTTITES Ed Match sentence beginnings 1-8 to endings a-h 1. If someone mugged you and took your keys, 2 I's very hard to prove a 3. Evenif Iw as offered a lot of money, 4 As long as you could prove the cr :d was stolen, 8 Theirp fonts would ne furious 6 IF saw someone shopitting, 7. Suppose you found cut your brother was @ burglar, 8 FI found some money in the street, | might keep it a Td never take a bro b_ you wouldn't be responsible for paying the bil © would you tell the police about hi ¢. if they knew their children had vandalisad the phone box. assuming | didn't know who had lost it 1 unless the criminal is caught at the 9 hChoose the correct word and write the comect form ofthe verbs in brackets, 1A Sueppasiap/Assuoming you realised (realise) your 4A. ImaginalAssuoming you (bit) acarin young son had accidentally left a shop holding a a car park and there were no witnesses. Would you leave £25 toy, would you take it back? 2 nate? B Yes, I might. imagine/As long as it B Of course. Assuming/Supposing the other car (not be) t00 far away. be) damaged. 2A IifProvided you (break) 5 A Even iffSuppose you were hungry in the supermarket something expensive in a shop and no one saw you, and you (eat) something while you were ‘would you tell anyone? walking round, would you pay for it at the checkout? & Never. Provided! Unless I knew they 8 Yes. Provided/Unless | (forget) about it, (not charge) me for it. of course! aa you (approach) © A SupposelAs long as you heard a good CD at your friend’s a group of teenagers ifimagine you saw them house you (ask) him vandalising something near your house? to make a copy or buy it yourself? 1b Definitely. Evem ifAssuoming they B I would usually buy my own copy. Provided!Unless (look) threatening, I can'r stand vandalism, I (can) find it in the shops, of course. It shouldn’t be allowed! Crime and punishment [ECEIEES ania aeons ee — ecause afew months later he palce Ei Read the articie and choose the correct words. dropped the charges. k The rapper Snoop Dogg's case was more serious: murder. After a three-month trial, Snoop was ’ of the crime and released immediately, TIS f BM frond crore be ele aa eer] 4 ® to prison when he was 15 for eer soln seme ces, Dung i, e was ‘rested eight times emer aes American actor Winona Rydorshoplifed 5,000 of | 1@ commit » give € do 4 convict fp cdtieny eo Melon 3 a sortonced b sent © amested took | aoe 4 Te ae 43 eure bende ined sombiad J) sce tang te eal een commny Bees bast «sented chared arth her $10,000. Winona didn’ work . a ed . eons = - ‘ ne cin for Five years, a arested —b acquited © commited foun Coldplay's lead singer, Chris Martin, wes more a8 By Seas oer geet ietinck He bea berate oa b chaged acquitted found Photographer's car in Australia, The photographer 10 a found b sent © charged arrested was taking pictures of Chris while he was surfing,Third conditional (TITIES Choose the correct verb forms. 1. HF lwould have accepted ‘had got home safely 2. Would you have/Had you moved here if you would have/had' known about the crime problen?| would haves Fascoplsyou fer oa 3. he had't had @ weapon, | hadn't had/wouldh't have tried to stop him, 4 Suppose they hadi/had been caught you, dic! you have to/wouid you have had to pay afine? 8 He would of/oould have commited the seme crime again if the judge hhachr't sentenced/aidh't sentence him to prison, 5 Imagine you didn't have/hadn't had your mobile, what had you/would you have done? 7. If we wouldn't have/hadn’t known aout his criminal record, we wouldn't hagimight rot have suspected him. 18 How much would have youyou have had to pay, if they would havarhact found you guity? a Complete the third conditional sentences with the correct form of these verbs. nethevehotarest notaltack/shaot take/not refund gortind got/nat become 1 Ifwe hadn't had any evidence, we wouldn't have arrested him. 2 you the company to court i they your money? ‘Suppose he he, she him? She 10 prison for a long time if thoy hor guilty away witht ifwe suspicious. itshe him of the murder, 3 4 5 He 6 evidence, the jury b Read the sentences in a again, Are these sentences true (T) or ‘alse (F)? + [F] The petos cert have any else » Cl won arent, é > (] Tecommeecemtomeainae 5 1 veuicctha compan tenure, aa El Heston » EE sheshothim 40 Cl] srevanoprsnerenngtna Ey sweat gut 5 a Cl Hedidnt getaway wih t » Cl webacime acco aa FC] speemreanoe > EE] Ho was found guity of murder \Wite sentence chains using the thie conditional 1 Rachel wasnt wel + Se tok day of werk = She wa in bed at rridéey + She hoard her neighbours dlarm ~ She saw th burglars Sho cated tne pokce 11 Rachel had been wel, she wouldnt have then a oy of wok It she hadnt taken a day off she wouldn't have 2 Martin didn't have a job —* Martin, didn't have any money He stole some food from a supermarkst The security guard called the police = Martin had to go to court —* He Went to prison —* He met lots of criminals -* He became interesten in crime + He trained as a glice officer. If Martin had had a job,ea 3C AND SKILLS Reading EI Read the first part of the article below. Which two subjects doesn't it mention? a Some places where CCTV is instaled, b The cost of CCTV. The popuianty of CCTV in the UK 4 The shop overs reason forinstaling OCT. © What criminals think of CCTV, Verbs and prepositions [IZCETIER> El Read part 1 again and choose the correct prepositions Inmy lacs! comer shop a few weeks ago, | ‘mentioned having an unwanted TV to the owner, Raza, His normally bored fac lt up. Within ten rrinutes we were back st my flat, apologising 'tvtor/ about my wife ot/for/vath the noise ~ it ws late as wa dragged an anciont TV out of the loi, "Iurgllys quite od," | said. But izza insisted Sotftafon taking it, saying it was perfect fer the shop, | assumed ha meant for entertainment during quiet periods. ‘A few days lates, | was in Rize's shop again and | spotted our old TV. On the soraen | sew a picture of myselt ‘Security cameras,” Rizza announced, "to atch shoplters.”|ock srouna the shop. It's a tiny place, (Only a magician could succeed “after/in/for taking anything without being seen, Groat!" I say, Fizza’s dovision to instal closed-ciout television (CCTV is not unusual, The number of CCTV cameras throughout the UK has been estimated as high as four milion, However, recent research, besed Yor/offn the number of cameres in an average iiks the number's loser to two milan. aed to apoly Swithteyot anyone "taytremytor permission ‘installa CCTV camera. So, they are everywhere: from busy shopping centres to the quietest comers of public parks The cost of crime Ey Read the second part of the article below. Fill in the gaps with the correct verb and preposition, worry cope cenvineed complained stops with to fron ef about ‘Most British people support CCTV. It makes areas feel safer, they say. Iteiseoureges erime and helps to solve it, they add. And if you've ever seen CCTY images of a criminal on the news, i's hard to disagree However, many others are not’ convinced ? of its effectiveness, There is no clear evidence that CCTV criminals * ‘committing crimes, ‘Opponents also ® « the issue of personel privacy. ‘A few years sa Geatfrey Pack fot unable ro” 5 his Ifa. He attempted suicide in e British strest and he was spotted by a CCTV camers, The police were called and fortunately he survived. However, the pictures were shown on TV— to approximately nine millon viewers - and Goottroy's face was clearly visible. He ® ‘0 the police ebout this and was awarded £7,000 compansation | passed my local shop again the next week. Raza was repairing the ‘less door with his son. Neither of them looksd very happy. "Thieves broke in last right.” he exclained ‘There are ne CCTV pictures," he said CCTV Luneppy. soning ois son. “Heme QBERATION ‘camera off when he left she shop last night” Read the complete article and answer these questions. 1. What did the writer think Riza wanted the TV for? 2 What does the writer think of Rizza’s idea? Why? ‘3. What reason dogs the writer give for the large number af CCTV cameras? 4 Why do some people like CCTV? 5 What arguments against COTV does the writer mention? 6 Why did Geottrey Peck get £70007 7 Did Fizza’s CCTV help after the braacin at his shop? Why%/Why not?Making, refusing and accepting offers [TZNTINEN EI Complete the conversations with these phrases. Leteehelp you wouldn't mind That'd be ityoutke —Tdbbetter Would you tke me FRAN | Let me help you tidy up, EMMA Thanks, ‘great help, It'll take me ages otherwise. TIM ll ring someone about the broken window, EMMA No, thanks, ‘ call the insurance company myself They'll have a number for a repair person. HM OK.5 to check upstairs? EMMA Are you sure ® 2 Lim sure they've one, bur I haven't been up there yet. Whatif|called can Astong as would it help if 'dbeeasier Why don't! PAM Who would vandalise your car 7 call the police? BETH No, don’t worry. s if Talled them when I get home. I'm meant to pick up Michael at three. MARK [ell take me half an hour, but” I changed the wheel? BETH Oh yes, 1° you don't mind. Thanks so much. im useless at that kind of thing paw 1 the school and told them you'll be late? F'll explain why BETH No, that’s OK. !? his mobile. He’s old enough to get a taxi home. call Michael on Make offers with these words. you / out / Lat Ime /dinner / to Let me take you out to dinner. me/ over / Would sme / Ike / you! to ? your / bank /it /11/ rang / help / Would ? cancelled / meeting /it/ morning's / What / te call/1/ you /a/ Why / taxi / don't ? you / ke / you / pick /you can / stay at ours / up, and /"/ tonight if Match sentences 1-6 in 2a to replies a-f 1 No, it’s OK, but thanks for asking, fm not really very hungry. | think |just need an early night. Are you sure you wouldn't mind”? They took my mobi. No, thar <3. 'd better do it mysel. I won't take long to cancel my cards. Wel, it's be wonderful if you coud. [need some company and don't jantto stay here, No, round. Hel stay here tonight. hat's OK. | can ask my son te come {As long as you don't mind. We could rearrange it for next Monday. Reading and Writing Portfolio 3 p68Urban legends Language Summary 4, Student’s Book p134 Phrasal verbs (1) Narrative verb forms; Past Perfect Continuous [IIUEN> BU a Read the trst part ofthe story and choose the correct verb, ‘a. Replace the words in bold with the correct form of a phrasal verb in the box. ‘Andy ‘joggediit@as joagvig through the park one day on his way to the shops when another jogger 2oumped/was burping into him. The other jogger soott gotaway-wih apologisadias apologising to Andy and then “was going on/went on running ee A ar Feeling aitle annoyed, Andy then noticedtihad noticed his walet went/nad ‘gone. So he” was chasing/chased the jogging pickpocket through the park. ‘When he Shad! caught up/ihad been catching up with him, he Sshouted/Pad ‘shouted, “Give me that wallet!” 1. Mybrother always escapes punishment for being lete for work, gets away with 2 couldnt think quickly enough, io Vinoribacenectioe. b Read the second part of the story. Choose one of the verbs a, b orc. ‘The frightened robber did whet ne? band then ® as quickly 3: THES eer aaele's ‘a8 he could, Anxious to tell someone about what § | Anay went pe ah Esa Sa straight home, where his wife, Barbara, « for him to return. As soon as he came in the door she asked him why he tothe 4 Could you remember to give shops. Andy® saying that he 7 a ROUSE. this message to your parents, Barbara ® "1 know you have, You left your wallet on the table.” please? b Filin the gaps with the 1 a was saying b said © had been saying correct form of a phrasal verb in 2 @ ranaway bb wasrunningaway © had been running away the bos 3 a happened b was happening © had happened tumout runaway work out 4a weswaiting b had waited © walted come round kreeout 5 a didn'tgo bb hadn'tbeen going © hadn't been 6 a wesapologisng apologised © had apologised 1. Iad a fight with my brother and Fa tle i: omeieks a hel tie sockdentally knocked! me 8 a replied b was replying © Nad been replying out 2 EI Make sentences with these words, using the Past Simple, the Past Perfect 2 TR aeeaeet ‘Simple cr the Past Perfect Continuous. again 1. By the time Sam / get /home from school, / his friends / eat / all the cake. By the time Sam got home from school, his friends had eaten all he cake. quite quickty 3. Mybrother was so frightened of whet | might do'that ho 2. When | finally /find/ the café, / Jacqui / already / wait / for an hour. ‘4: The fim began badly, butit 8 By the time I gat /out of the shawer, / the phone / stop / ringing, tobe worth staying for 4 When we / arrive / at the cinema, / the fim / already / start 5 Can you give me a few moments. to what | 5 When Tom / come / to see ma, 1/ feel / exhausted / because |/ work / all day. owe you?EE Read the story and fill in the gaps with the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple, Past Perfect Simple or the Past Perfect Continuous. Sometimes more than one answer is possible. Late one evening Ghar" came out " {park tthe night before (come out} of a shop where he On the window there was a note which said * (buy) some bread and milk. “Sorry, but my wife was having a baby and ‘Suddenly he > {realise} that mm. {have to) take her to tis car (aisappear, Nobody ——_hosotal urgent" nitestep (rotel arvtnng Chere was vary rleved and tld the pace Teeter tay (saya ‘that his car '? (be) returned. een: However, when he (get) Hover tho nox day the owner ofthe home he discovered that someone shop” (phone) Charla to tell * (steal) his TV and computer. him to come back right away, When he On the table was a note reading “Sorry, but * (get) there he * I need the money for the kid's education.” (see is car inthe same lace that he First books Books and reading (ZZNxE- Defining, non-defining and reduced El Complete the puzzle. Find a kind of book. + relative clauses [7TITES a EB a Read these descriptions of books and plays and add commas to the non- defining relative clauses. 1. This book which was about the American (Givl War was made into a famous fm. 2 This Shakespeare olay is about two lovers of | ‘whose femiles hate each other. a 2. The place where this modem novel takes ‘i T place is Pars, 4. This novel wticch is by the Russian writer Tolstoy is extromety long . 5 This book whose nero is a vampire is very populer with teenagers. ifelo[wirlelnit[s[P]alale 1 The page tha isthe articles or parts in @ magazine or book. (8, 4) 4 ‘Thotroiat thal llama the best wearin 2 Another word forte (6) ya Frenchman called Faubert 3 The story of a book, film or | (4) aon Bhar b Do you know the films and books in 4 Someone who writes books about maginary people and events. (8) 2a? It you do, match the desctipaions 1-6 5 Books wth the same style or tope are in the same ferry to the ities at, 6 Walk around a shop lacking at things, but not planning io buy a Warand Peace them. (6) in. esa et 7 Abook that has a thick, stiff cover. (8) —— 8 Someone whase job it is to make judgements on books, flms, etc (6) & Tie 9. Lock quick through the pages of a oock, newsoaner or magazine. (5) 4 Madame Bovary © Gonowwith ne Wine {The Da Vinci CocoEd Pad this interview with a person who has started a reading group. Gross out ary words In bold which you can leave out CAREY What exactly isa reading group? POLLY Well, ies basically a few people who meet from time to time to talk about whar they liked and disliked about books “whieh they've all read CAREY. What made you decide to set one up? POLLY Tthink the main reason “that we started it was to provide a focus for people to meet and talk about something other than their work or family! CAREY And what kind of people do you im POLLY Oh, the people “who come range from young ‘mums to professional writers! CAREY. Who decides on the books “that you're going to read? POLLY We all do! Whoever comes to the meeting decides ‘on one to read next time, CAREY How often do you meet? POLLY ‘The number of meetings *that we have will depend on how busy we all are. No more than one a month, CAREY Do you ever invite guest speakers? POLLY We do occasionally invite someone “whose book we find particularly interesting, but only if they live fairly near, I Read this description of a novel and fill in the gaps with who, that, which, whose, where or when. Abbook’ that_ [really used to love wnen I was @ chitd was Black Beauty. I's ccantury England al time story? takes place in 19th people were often cruel to animals i's a kind of autobiography written from the horse's point of view about its experiences with a variety of owners, Asa young horse, Black Beauty lives happily in a place A everyone is kind to him, Unfortunately, when the ‘owner has to go abroad, he sells him to a famity are not so kind, He goes on to have a lot of bac experiences, © isthe sad part of the story, but it does all end happily in the end, though people think of t as a chicren’s book, this is a novel helped to influence thinking about the way we ‘teat animals and so i's a book ® message is timeless a Can! borrow tt Complete sentence b withthe information i a ¢ Steve Jobs biogranty? Jill was ading it lastnight Gan | borrow that Sieve Jobs biography (which/that) Jit was reading last night? The novel is based on a tue story. Her mother told her the s The novel is based ona true story My son lent me this book. I'm trying to finish it beiore he gets back. ‘My son lent me this book, gets back | know that woman. She's ging a reading ‘rom her book tonight | know the woman 100k reading, Did you read k paperback? | lent it to you Did you read that paperback lasts ‘Jacqueline Wilson is @ writer. Her books are read by milions of young girs all over the wort, Jacqueline Wilson is @ writer millions of young girls all over the worldRead the article quickly. What is it about? ‘en unfortunate job interviow b anew television comedy © anamusing human error Connecting words: reason and contrast [ZEEE 1 choose the correct words 1-8 in the article EW Read the article again and choose the best answers to complete the sentences. 1. Guy Goma had gone to the BB TV centre because a he wanted a job someone had phoned fora taxi he was being interviewed on y 2. The confusion happened because a MrGoma didn't speak any English, there were two man called Guy, there were two IT experts at the BBC. 3. When Mr Goma realised he was ony, he a panicked b_ went completely quiet © pretended nothing was wrong. 4 The BBC stat realised their mistake immediately. 'b didn't realso their mistako at frst © didn't realise their mistake unt the interview had fishes. 5 MrGome ‘has become well known, 'b found the experience funny. ¢ will be paid a lot of money by the BEC. THE STORY OF GUY GoMA 1s NOT ONE OF sTuPY, A. Former taxi driver from the French Congo, Mr Gome was atthe BBC TV centre for an interviess, in the hope of becoming an IT assistant. So when 2 producer came up co him and said Kewney, it? About the IT thing?” he sgreed, "because/ave to he thought she had just pronounced his surname badly. Mir Goma, who had tayeht himself English after he moved to England four years previously, was rushed into @ studio, where he found himself in front of the cameras, having questions thrown athim, How could he know that the man who'd been siting on a nearby sofa was also called Guy? In fact Guy Kewney was an IT expert, who was waiting to 0 on live TV to be interviewed about ¢ legal dispute with Apple computers Te all happened so fast,” Goma told Guy isn't The Sun sevrspanes. “I had just signed my name in reception when someone sid ‘Follow me’ She was walking so fast that I had te jog to keep up with her “Buen though/However a lady put some make-up on me and I was fitted with a microphone, | just thought it was all par of the job interview and whea I realised Iwas on air, what could I do? Ijust tried to answer the questions and stay calm Viewers of the mostawatched TV interview in months ~ it was posted fon YouTube — have reacted with a mixture of delight and sympathy to the key moment when the BBC's Karen Bowerman introduced Goma as "Guy Kewney, head Across his expressive face flit 2 dozen expressions in a second ~ mainly shock, fees, guilt and embarrassment ~ as he wondered what to do next. However, 3instead offapart from saying there had been a mistake, he answered three questions before the BBC staff became of nevswireless net! aware of what had happened and brought the item to an early close Mr Goma was finally taken to his interview for the IT post, but ‘even thoughAdespite going through such a bad experience, he didn't get the job. Nevertheless, /Whereas Me Goma is now in demand as a celebrity, Sdue rsince hundreds of thousands of people have now watched his television appearance online Complete this summary of the article with these connecting words. beeause-of apart from ‘even though whereas instead of as 1 GuyGomawas at the BSC because of a job interview. 2 ihe two man had the s got confused. 4 Guy Kewney isan IT expert, 5 MrGoma tried to answor the interviewer's questi explaining it was a mistake, sme name, the producer producer said the wrang name, Guy still went with her. ‘Guy Gora is an IT assistant. 6 looking a bit shocked, Goma gave no other sign that there something wrong,Ways of exaggerating [TZUNNEEe Hl Complete those conversations. Make words with the lator in brackets 1A Shall [make you a sandwich? Bb Vd love one. I'm starving. (vtangrsi) 2.4 Ithink you need 4 break! Pll look after the kids. 1 Would you? They've been me all day. (vdrginifrzaye) A Are those shoes too small for you? B [think they must be. My feet are me. (nklgili) 4.4 What was the motorway like on the way back? 8 Very busy. Ie was a complete ! (gmernitha) 5.4 Will you be late home again? b T'matraid so, This work is taking (ofrveer) 6 A Can I get you some water? B Please. I'm fora (gydnilkrida) Bd Complete the conversations with these phrases. ‘atortune scared stiff speechless ‘outofmymind over the moon aten +A Did you buy that dress in the end? B No. It was lovely but it eost a fortune. 2A Could you give me a hand moving this cupboard? B Sorry, I've tried ba it weighs ! 3.4 Clare seems very happy today! B Yes, she's abour passing her driving test. 4.4 Surely you're not frightened of spiders? B I'm absolucely ! 6. Did you have a good eve No, I didn’t. Mike was late back and I was going with worry. 6A Were you surprised by the lovely things they said about you? 3 Surprised? I was completely. : How was your day? Saying you're surprised or not surprised nr a Make phrases with these words. not /Oh/again no Ohno, not again | imagine /1/ can wouldn't /he / say / He / would / that 4 is/news /fantastic/ That ! ‘5 honest /be/to © bet /yousI/ were ! bb Fillin the gaps in ‘the conversation with phrases 1-6 in 3a. LAURA Sorry I'm late. My ear broke down again this morning, BECKY ® Ohno, not again! Thar’s the third time this week. LAURA I know. Anyway, it took the mechanic two hours to arrive, so Twas a bit annoyed, to say the least. BECKY > been! Did he have an excuse? So-would I have LAURA Not really, He just said it wasn’t his fa BECKY © fixie? LAURA He did. Bur I'm sick of the car now, a Did he manage to Pm going to get a new cone. How are you, anyway? BECKY Great, actually, I've just heard I've gota place at university LAURA Wow! © ‘Well done. BECKY I's such a relief. Laura f Let's go and. celebrate! Reading and Writing Portfolio 4 p70Nature’s best Adjectives (1) [ITZCIEIEe El Replace the phrases in bold with these adjectives Weird enthusiastic rewarding rare lucrative time-consuming fers time-consuming 1. Kegping a pet can be something thet takes up-efot oftime but can also. be something that gives you a lot of satisfaction if you do it wall 2 Rats can saem very strange or unnatural pets but the Bish fist started keeping them over 160 years ago. 3. Pet smuggling can be something that makes a lot of money for criminals. 4 Monkeys are fortunately uncommon ‘as pels because they need constant attention and can be physically violent towards people. 5 Children are usually interested in and. excited about pels for the fist few months out many will lose interest in their animais after this, Bi Make 2 word trom box A and box B to describe these pets. A B exot faith ae ee uneuit destruct ie ate harm affection ful he 1 exotic : There are an astimated 15,000 lions, tigers and cther big cats kept in private homes in the US 2 I don't think a snake is 2 {900d pet for a five year-old, 3 Mark's cat loves sitting on people, 4 Thomas has a sneke but it's ‘@non-poisonous one, 5 Chinuanuas love chewing ‘sofas and cushions. 6 Saly's dog is always with hey like a bestfriend, Language Summary 5, Student's Book p137 Ways of comparing El 6 Match sentences 1-5'p feplies a-e. | think spiders are far scarier pets than snakes. @ Keeping a rabbit is no harder than keeping a goldfish. Hippos are not nearry as itiendly as | thought they would be. Cats are nowhere near as hard work as dogs. A ticket to our jocal 200 nearly as expensive as going to a concert! Yes, they're a great deal easier to look after, aren't they? ‘Yes. And it's only slightly cheaper for children than adults. | agree. I's just as easy, ‘That's right. They're considerably more dangerous than people think. 9S tho Hayson ye ess aoe SESS b Underline the comparative phrases in 3a and fill in the gaps in the table. 1 [think spiders are far scarier pets than snakes. © Yes, they frighten me almost as much as rats. noditterence 1 2 asmall almost as muchas, * difference 2 abig difference © farscarier than , 7 s 2 i Read the introduction to an article. Choose the correct words. ott Over a million people in the UK keep some kind of exotic pet, Although that's considerably Yfewe?/less people than those who have a eat, i's near/nearly as many as the number of people who own a goldfish pda Why would anyone decide to keep a snake as a pet? They're only slightly more attractive Sas/than tortoises. They'te 4 nowhere near as “cute/euter as rabbits And they're Sfer/more harder to look after 7 than many other pets. Last week I met Carla, who has had pet snakes for almost ten years. Keeping snakes as pets, she told me, is “much lot less unusual than I might expect must admit I was considerably "fower/less enthusiastic than Carla about meeting her two pythons, Bart and Lisa, Unlike their cartoon ‘cousins! Bart is not °anywhere/quite as lively as Lisa and sits quietly throughout our conversation. Lisa, on the other hand, is clearly ready to play hE ‘Don't worry,” says Carla. “She's °no/not more dangerous than me.” Read the rest of this article here. mi See‘Complete sentence b so it has the same meaning as a. You can use between Gl Correct the mistakes. three and five words, including the word in brackets. hates 1. a Cals are much easier to look after than dogs, 1. An adult sherk is asta big as b Gatsare nowhere near as difficult. to look atter 2s dogs. (nowhere) an adult wnele. 2 a Goldfish are a lt cheaper than ko 2 Rabbit's furis as softer as b Goldfish are ki. (neerty) feathers. 3 There are thousands more leopards in the workd that tigers. 3. a Tortoises are far less interesting than snakes, b Tortoises aren't anywhere snakes. (near) 4 Butlerfles have considerably larger wings than bees, 4 Bee stings area lot painful b- Butterties’ wings than bees’ wings. (dea) than mosquito bites. 5 a Tortoises aren't quite as easy to look after as goldfish 8. The number of wid tigers is b Goldfish are look after than tortoises, (tle) geting smaller and smaller 8 @ Many people think dojphins are ne more inteligent than whales. shaved ye b Many poopie think whales are just dolphins. (as) 6 Spiders are farther more frightening than ants, Royal treasures Phrasal verbs (2) Future verb forms; Future Continuous [TUTTE Ed Correct the mistake in each sentence. Complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs. shearup goahesd packed out ft in with ut out pass by catch upon talkinto to 1 Were going 4 visit Buckingham Palace. 1 DEBBIE Come our with us tonight. Ill cheer you up 2 ItyoU ned me, Ii have be TARE No, Pm fine. T want 0 sitting outside in the garden. some work, 'm really behind at the moment 8 They're comeing to laya 2 Tew lawn this afternoon, RUTH Martin says he wants to come on holiday but he’s happy t0 4 Thegdnate busta one our plan; iresh herbs. PauUL OK. TI and book the flights then. a TReeaer users 3 until ten, MAX [often your house on the way home. Are you busy on The pater pranabaane Wednesday? inane er srekas PAT Ie be lovely t0 see you but I don't want to you 7 i wetig part a ‘ tke, SIMON Tean’t believe I let Sally me going to Windsor 8 imi sicnsdley in the garden all waekend, ALEX. You're mad! It'll be with families at this time of year &Match sentences 1-8 in 2 to meanings a-h. Then fill n gaps A~E with these verb forms. begoinete Future Continuous wil Present Simple Present Continuous A be going to a1 for making prodictions based on present evidence, b for personal plans or intentions. © for fixed events on a timetable. 4 for future arrangements, e for actions that willbe in progress at a point in the future fer something that will happen in the ‘normal course of events. 9 forinstant decisions, for predictions not based on evidence, Choose the correct future form. 1. It says here that the pottery class wil be beginning begin at 6.30. 2 Look at al those trees, You're having/going to have to clear up a lot of leaves in the autumn, 3. Youll be seeingisean her soon, won't you? 4 Iigives'm giving ner a rabbit for her birthday. It's at my house. 8 Were finding! ind the weather a lot warmer in the future, 8 Are you going to/Do you get a pet of any kind? 7. 1Ve got an idea! I use/'nn using that tree trunk to make logs for the fre, 8 Wewat television, 1b2 watching you in the ree on 9 (im waiting/'l be waiting outside your house tomorrow morning at six o'clock 10. They'll hava/be having enough time if they leave right now. Complete the conversations with the correct future forms of the verbs in brackets. 1 PRESENT CONTINUOUS; WILL Jess What's chat book? Don't rell me you ! ‘re thinking (think) of getting an iguana! Ray Yes. (probably get) one. But I'm not completely sure. Jess 3 kay 14 pets next week. So we § (see). 2. FUTURE CONTINUOUS; PRESENT SIMPLE MAX 16 LENA. Why not? {you be able) to look after it? (go) on a course about keeping exotic (not come) in tomorrow morning, MAX Well, if my train to London 7 (go) at one, Twon'r have time, LENA Yes, you will. 1 midday for a meeting in town, so Ian take you to the (leave) work at around MAX OK. But we must leave on time. Traffic ’ (get) terrible around the station during the lunchtime rush hour. And if L!° {miss} my train, 1"! (ask) you for a lift to London! El Complete the sentences with the Future Continuous form of these verbs. eve wonder stay moot think fy 1 When they arivewe be having dinner 21 cf you while you're in your exam, 31 her again in a few weeks if you want to come. 4 I should go, My mum soon where | am, 5 At midnight we somewhere over the Atlantic, ‘at home this evening?Reading Hil) Read the first two paragraphs. What is unusual about the River Ebro in Zaragoza? ‘A. Nobody knows how the huge catfish got in the rir There are bird-eatng fish that ive in the river. © Pigeons fi in wait to attack the giant ish Fving in the river. Read the whole article and decide whether the following sentences are true (T), false (F) or the article doesn’t say (DS). 1 [7] The threat to pigeons started quite recontly, 2 [_) The catfish only ever attacks pigeons. 9 [0] Theta ed eat ttt ata stout the areata + [11 The best mor peor o go and watch tho unusual ight lr he Sy ‘The Bet tne tos he atacks is while thoes st cain 6 People ving in the town tond to ‘sympathise with the pigeons Guessing meaning from context VOCABULARY 5.3 EV @ Look at the six words in bold inthe article and put ther in these groups. verbs loiter nouns adjectives 6 bb Match the words in 8a to the meanings a-f. Look carefully atthe context do something slowly, or wait for no » attack suddenly © careless 4 enormous @ bird + walt auitly and secretly VOCABULARY — ©.) ) => » The nature of cities Pigeon fanciers \n the Spanish city of Zaragoza, a new menace is threatening the lity’ pigeons and it comes trom the deptns of the River Ebro, Every day, birds living in the histaric buildings tnere tly down to drink al the base of a nearby bridge. Some never return. ‘The reason for their disappearance is the giant we's catlish, a ‘species native to central and eastern Europe that grows up to three metres long. The catfish were introduced to the Ebro by German fishermen in the lato 1970s but in the past couple of moms the ‘catfsh have begun to lurk in the waters around the bridge. When pigeons loiter too long at the water's edge, a fish leaps up from below and swalows one cf them whole, ‘The citizens of Zaragoza, fascinated, gather at the bridge each day to witness the unikely battle between fish and fowl. Having heard ‘bout this unusual event in the Spanish media and thinking it wes worth investigating, | decided to join them. | arrived at the bridge on a chilly afternoon. There were no catfish in sight, however. No pigeons, no crowds, nothing. But as the day went on, more and more passers-by paused to tako a quick glance into the depths, | taked to one, named Oscar, who helptuly showed ‘me the stretch of water where the catfish liked to be, Not everyone was s0 wal informed. One self-appointed expert confidently told me that catfish weren't fish at all, because they lve ‘on both land and in water. Another know-it-all explained that they ‘only fed in the morning, (| found out later that they actually hunt in the evening and at night) Finally, at about 5.99 in the afternoon, a dark shape measuring a {900d deal more than a metre tcok up its place in the water close to the unwary birds, which wore drinking nearby. By now, an audience had gathered in the hope of a show ~ andit didn't take long. With a sudden splash, a catfish made an unsuccessful lunge at 2 pigeon. “The next bird was not so lucky. For te hours, a crowd of about 50) watched three big catfish feeding. Most people were taking the side of the fishy invaders. A cheer went up whenever a cattisn made @ success{ul attack. One woman was (on the pigeons’ side, however, gresting each narrow escane with a shout of triumph. "Poor things,” she said. "Nobody kes them.”Adjectives for giving opinions KI Replace the words/phrases in bold with these adjectives. egal ustiiable ethical wasteful demaging Unsustainable disturbing inevitable Itlegat Builing here without permission s notallowed-by-the-law. 2 I believe that a world shortage of oil is certain to happen if we continue to ba so inefficient and careless 3. The current rate of oil consumation is impossible to maintain, 4. The environmental impact of tourism can be shocking and upsetting. But many governments think iis acceptable because of the business it generates for their economies. 5 Can producing cigarettes ever be morally correct when they are so harmful to our health? Discussion language (2): opinions [INTE BB Match sentences 1-6 to replies a-t. 1. It'd.be rruch better if everyone were charged for the amount of rubbish they produced. 2. One argument in favour of organic food is that it simply tastes batter 3 How many languages wil dle out before the end of the ccontury? 4. So youre saying thet the Earth willbe uninhabitable by 21007 ‘5. What proportion of the worla's population doesn't have access to clean water? 6 Lust don't think i's right thet over haf of the ward's population lve in poverty ‘8 Maybe, but | don't see how we can change the situation, b_ Henevertealy thought aoout that Burt dees soune.a goedtides: € Itshard to say, But estimates say about half of the existing number. Yes, but then again it often costs twice as much. © & let me think, About 1 bilion people so that's about 15%. No. That's not what | meant, All'm saying is that it's going to got alot warmer. 1 Fitintne gape in the conversationa wit these phrase, Hiethemustbetiec# Maybe. but just don't No, that's nat what | That's an interesting locn't thinkit’s right Yes, but thon again (One argument in favour of ‘Well, some people would We never really thought about A PIA! it bemuch better it everyone bought fruit locally Tom ? argue that it would be a bit boring, Imagine if we didn’t have bananas, mas + imagine how interesting it would be when you travelled abroad. B BEN 4 nuclear power is that it's relatively cheap. joan $ that. But doesnt it produce a lot of waste? BEN point. In fact, very litele waste, but the waste is highly dangerous. c ALAN 7 that we waste so many resources on transport. uty * see how we can stop people from buying cars. ALAN ? meant. All 'm saying is that our oil supplies are not sustainable. Reading and Writing Portfolio 5 p72Phrases with take ona EB Match sentences 1-10 to endings av 1 Don't take any notice 7 2. | sometimes feel my family teke me too much 3 Itwas relly kind of him to tke the tine 4 Myson has never taken an interest 5 My daughter always teas it ution me & OK, do you mnd taking responsibilty 7 ve learned never to take sides 8 Does your brother stil take ite 9 This time, Iwon't take no 10 Don'tlet your boss take advantage @ when sho's in albad mood. 'b_ {00 seriously? If so, he needs tolet goabit! © inany kind of sport 4. toexplain the rules to for granted, | wish they'd help more. fof you. You are supposed to finish at six 8 for organising the picnic? ht when the two of them have arguments, | of Joa if he shouts at you. He does it to everyone, J for an answer. You have to let me pay. Codes of conduct Language Summary 6, Student's Book p140 Uses of verb+ing 1 Filinthe gaps with verosing. Use the verbs in the box. le chat annoy waste go ty enjoy apologise be ‘Attar * fiving in France for a few months, Irealisad that | relly should stop? to be s0 poite all the time, The French seem to find ite ityou say things like "'m awfully sorry" because they feel you are ¢ thei time. it must seem to them that the British spend their whole time é The French don't really make ‘aril talk’ either « to strangers such 1 taxi drivers or shop assistants, ‘especially politely, is sean as rathor strange. Another difference is that people to dinner parties in France will expect to take part in a serious iscussion, with guests often ® asked their opinions on ‘big issues! British people, despite ° discussions about house prices and education, are sometimes surprised if their quests want to talk about anything serious, such as politics or art. EE] Make sentences with these words. 1 fascinating / cuiture/ has / Jagan /a Japan has a fascinating culture. 2 humour / con't living / understand / here / British / Despite / | 8 People / you / close / some / standing / ke / cultures / too / don’t in 4) countries / expensive / in / Eating / some / is / restaurants /in. 5 direst / try /to / questions / avoid / | /answering 6 much /being / how / English / earn / The / they / asked / hateEl Complete sentence bo it means the same as sentence a, using verb+ing 4 a yeuiqueue-himp yu can male seme people very one b_Queve-jumping makes some people very angry. 2 a People are no longer allowed to smoke in many public places. b Js now forbidden in many public places. 3 a People tak about the weather as a way of starting a conversation, » is how many people start a conversation. 4 tis rude to be very ate for apacintments or meetings. » for appointments or meetings is rude. 5 a When business people maet for the first te, they usually shake hands. » is normal when business people meet forthe frst time. 6 People who speak loudly in pube on mobile phones are cften seen as rude. b in public on mobile phones is often seen as rude, 7 a Much ct the population enjoys watching soap operas. b 's very popular with much of the population 8 Many people find it embarrassing to complain n restaurants, > Ir restaurants is emibarrassing for many people Rebel! EF Are the words/ohrases in bold correct? Change the incorrect phrases. 1. This morning | was woken early by the neighbour's dog bark loucly. 2 Feel a bit annoyed, | decided to getup 3 Before going downstairs | had a shower and gat dressed, 4 Suodenly, was noticing that my front door was open. 5 | could see a red car being driven away at top speed. 6 Someone had broken into my house and escaped, take my new TV with them, Compound adjectives describing character or Read the conversations about three people who have applied for a job. Look at the phrases in bald. Choose ‘three adjectives from the box to describe each person, B ANDY And what about Steve? ANNA Well, he’s calm and sensible when he’s making decisions. ANDY Is he? Interesting. Bur am I right in thinking char “he’s more interested in himself than in other people? ANNA Yes, that’s fair enough. And *he’s not as open to new ideas as he could be, which would be a bit of a problem, working with so many new people. sol-asswed big-headed self-conscious laid-back absent-minded level-headed narrow-minded seftcantred — strongewiled Steve is* d and c ANDY [really like Emma, myself. “She's a very relaxed kind of person ANNA ‘That’ true, Except giving presentations in front of a lot of people ~ then *she does get a bit embarrassed. ANDY Yes, I'l noticed chat. And °she tends to forget things, too. She doesn’t always concentrate thae wel NA Joanne’s certainly very "confident! She's only been here a few weeks, but you wouldn’e believe ie ANDY_ Mmm, confident, cerrainly. Some might say ’she thinks she’s more important than she really is. ANNA ‘True, and Sshe has a very clear idea of exactly what she wants to achieve, which is good as long as she’s prepared to listen to other people too. ANNA So who ist to be, then? Joanne, Steve or Emma? Emmais” : end Joanneis* seltassured ,? andModal verbs (1); levels of certainty about the future [SUITE 1 Arce sentences 1-8 correct? Change the incorrect sentences. ‘uget 1. I'shoulant think she gets the job. 2 They are bound preferring Emma. 3 I don't suppose they will come. 4 I doubt it Steve won't apply forthe ob. 5 She's unikely having another interview. 6 They may well want to talk to us. 7 can't imagine they choose her for the jo. 8 They are sure to come late Ed Complete the conversations with the words/phrases in the boxes. A wit bound to doubt may well unlikely ERIN Do you think Jess ! will get the job? Uz Oh, she's? « Everyone thinks she's wonderful! ERIN. But she decide not to apply for it uz 4 that, myself. She's quite ambitious. ERIN Yes, you're right. She's $ to be happy ‘earning this salary for very long! B couldn't daresay can't imagine ALIS OLIVE They might. 17 they'll stop paying overtime, surely? there's a lor of pressure on them to save money at the moment. AL I know. Even so, they * do that without lots of people heing very angry. OLIVE Well, we'll soon find out! El Complete these sentences about the future, using the words in brackets 1. Take your coat. t's bound te rain those clouds! (boundirain) if you don't. Look at 2. Don't worry ifyou forget her birthday. 1 (7ot/suppose/she/ming) 3 I don't think we should wait for hin. \ this late, (doubthe/artive) 4 We don't need to pack many clothes ' at this time of year. (can't maginesivoescos) Che him ang, Hote about ie dont, helytorget El « White sentences with these words. 1) Matt bound / ask Chart cut soon. Matis bound to ask Charote out soon 2. 1/not imagine / what / happen / the next epode of High Stet. 3. |/not suppose / Bruge / get back / from lunch before two. 4 Its unlikely / Bie / invite us to ner party now. 5 I dare say / Jamie / be / play / computer games again, as, usual b Match sentences 1-5 in a with replies a-e. _ Younsver know, she might, out we're not too popular at tha moment b He may well be, He certainly seems to be busy with something © Actually, I know. tell you, f you want. @__ Idoubt it He usualy takes at least an hour, especialy it he’s meeting Laura, @ He may, but I don't think for one second she'l say yes.Reading Hdl Read the article about dress codes in UK schools. Is the answer tothe question in the tile yes oF no, according tothe headmaster? Back referencing [CIEE BA Read the article and look atthe words in bold, What do they refer to, 8 aorb? the schoo! » its students a thecresscode —b the exam results at the schoo! inthe countryside a untorms » beliets from Europe from the Uk government a schools uniforms a wearing > what students approptiieciothes wear a the pups b the schoo'’s El Ave the sentences true (7), false (F) or the atticle doesn’t say (DS)? [] Anthony Gell school is known for doing exceptionally wall academically. Headteachers in the UK are net allowed to go against government poly en unitorms, Pupils at schools with a uniform policy do not necessarly all achieve the minimum acucational requirements, David Baker abolished uniform at his, school whan he became headmaster Students at Anthony Gel choose to wear cloth them with that school, ometimes which identty ‘At Anthony Gell, richer children do not make fun of those with less expensive clothes. ] David Baker rates clothing as less of a priority than helping pupis to lear, There are no guidelines about what to wear at Anthony Gal Dress code Are uniforms the key to educational success? HERE'S an unusual school hidden away in the English countryside. Anthony Gell isa small compreherisive, which essfully supports its ‘comunity, 90d eseam results, but that's not what makes it sta there is no dress code “there ze relatively raze. Yer the U su dents and involves the Iraleo achieves out. What makes it dist In Europe, school uniform: mament has hed a frm belief the power of uniforms oo now; linking ‘them to high standards and strict dei advocating zero ‘such pressure, Over ssiston uniforms and yever, despite cole ell jailed Headteachers have found it hard ti most of the others enforce a secondary schecls are now thou subjects, a neightyea aded that uniforms do not school, David Baker was aware of hone this ieue divided people even the students themselves. But after doin: not to change. “As long as students come in spp: isn’t an issue, I believe in treating children as inc and responsibilities.” Supporters of uni community spirit. Yet recent inspections of Anthony Gell commented on how responsible the and loyalty towards the seho: Interestingly, proof of Anthony Gell’ goed relations with its pupils is revealed by Sthetr willingness to buy its optional branded clothing. Students are frequently seen wearing hoodies and sweatshirts adored with the schoo! logo around town at the weekend, Another elaim made for uniforms is that they p between tich and poor children, making bullying les likely. But Baker maintains that this is nota problem specific to schools and that wearing a uniform doesnt solve it. The dress code at his school is, simple: “gCs~ clean, comfortable and covered up.” And the absence of a schosl uniform li allowing more time and learning. Il, nonunifor extensive survey, he de behaviour and ind on their obvious: rer divides tog him from the obligation to enfosse i, thus focus on the imporran: business of teachingPolite interruptions [Z]XTInI+ Find one mistake in each sentence and correct it 1 ists good te? Is tis a. good time? 2 Sony to disturbing you 8. Can! have word? 4, Sorry bother you, bul have you got a minute? 6 Iwas wondering if could | see you for a moment. E21 Complete the conversations using the sentences in 11 and the words in brackets. LucY Hi, love. ? Is this a good time? BEN Hi. It isn't, I'm afraid. (against / really /the / up/T'm / moment /ar/it) Lucy Thar’s OK, I'll eatch you later. BEN See you! 2 DAN Hi, Paul. ? PAUL Sorry, mate, you can't (tied just (1'm f bit / up/ now fa) 4 DAN Don't worry. Ir can wait PAUL Cheers. Sorry to interrupt 3 JUAN Hello. § SARA haven't just now, 'm afraid. (time / Sorey, /a / this / ‘good fist) * JUAN Don’t worry. Some other time? SARA Yes, of course, Shall we tey later on today? Around 5? 4 Sur Hello.” CLARE That's fine, Bu (pushed fat /'/ the /for/ time / smoment / rather) SUE Tes not important. Il come back later. CLARE Great. See you then. 5 SIMON Excuse me,? kay Tovish Lhad the time, Simon. Bur (busy / really Um / rather) SIMON When would be more convenient? KAY Lot me just have a look in my diary Review: future verb forms Ey Read the conversation and choose the correct verbs forms. NINA Hi, James, sorry to disturb you at work, JAMES It's no problem. Are you OK? NINA. T'm fine. I was just thinking about this evening, Do you Ikaow what time the flm 'farta/will start? Jastes I'm fairly sure i's 7.30 NINA [thought so, 2Are you going to/Do you meet us for a drink first or not? JAMES. Probably not. I think ‘J'll be working!l work late again, so 4l'll probably meetil'm probably meeting you there as usual. NINA Right, Amanda Sis comng/will come, coo, by the way invited her this morning, JAMES. Good. §1'm going to/1'll give you both a lift home, if you like, NINA. That's brilliant, because the last train “wil gofgoes at ten and that means we *won’t have tolaren’t having to rush to catch it JAMES OK. See you later. NINA Bye. Reading and Writing Portfolio 6 p74At the airport State verbs [TZDUNIEEF Read the quotations. Fill in the gaps with the state verbs in the boxes. seem realises trusts doubt deserves. 1 Very fewofusarewhatwe seem Agatha Cristie, writer (1890-1976) 2 Theold believe everything, the middle~ aged everything, the young think they know everything. Oscar Wilde, vnier (1864-1900) By the timea man that ‘maybe his father was right, he usually has son who thinks he's wrong,” Chaves Wadsworth, ovost (1814-1882) He who allows himself to be insulted, Prerre Comeilo, writer (1606 No one believes the official spokesman, but everyone an unidentified source. lon Nessen, politician 1084. suit respect invoe recognise 6 Experience is that marvellous thing that enables you to a mistake when you make it again 1980) | 7 Sometimes | wonderif men and women really each other. Perhaps they should live next door and just visit now and then. 238 (19° rine Hepbum, act 2003) 8 Tell me and I'll forget; show me and I may remember; meand Mlunderstand. Chinese provert ‘Katharine Hepburn 9 Whenyou are content to be yourself and not compare or compete, everybody will you. a0 Tau, philasope (5 Language Summary 7, Student's Book p142 Simple and continuous aspects; activity and state verbs [EXULIEF BF » Match sentence beginnings 1-6 0 endings a-t 1. Many ot the workers here _@ 2 Yestercay morning the quaves at checkin 3. Atleast thres times a year 4 The aitine provided 5 During his university holidays, Mack 6 My family and Ihave | fy back to our head office in the US. 'b been waiting in this queue for over three hours, © is working for an airline. 4 were making everyone very ‘bad-tompered. sport: 1 food and drink for passengers during the delays. b Circle the correct answers. Which sentences trom 2a describe: something unrished? 2.0(@) > something permanent? 1 or © someting temporary? Bor @ ahabit? 1 ord «something completed? 4 er 6 {something n progress ata specie time? 2 03Ei Read about Wayne's job. Choose the correct verb form. ZI Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. | work or an airine as a Customer Service Agent. That means 1. | Imseeing the doctor tomowow | have \fGa/am looking alter passengers from the mornent they arive at an appointment at tan (See, have) the check-in desk until they board the piane. | "do/"ve been doing: 2 you the queues this job since I left school, but the stress °starts/s starting to get me down, This morning | “doy doing check-in. Generally, Shave to/'m having to check poople's tickets and passports it can at the airport on the news last night? 1 of canceling my fight. (se, be anightmare! Last week, | Gealt wih a businesswaman who think) Stlew/was fying to Dubai to give a speech at a conference, She 3 Toby wary srenngely txie "had broughtinad been bringing her daughter's passoort instead oi soared of hers! By the time her passport Sarrived/was arriving ~ in @ taxi ~ call the vet? (behave, think) her fight had left. | ®think/’m thinking about applying to be a fight attondant. I've talked/was talking to a few the other day and they at this mobile for over three years Ngeemediwvere seeming so positve about what they do every day. sol of changing it (have, think) | “suspecti'm suspecting you need a lot of patiance to do their 8 deft avan sey helo! wher Jeb cog him yesterday. 1 abad day. (86, have} Showpiece of China Business and trade KI Change the word atthe end ofeach line to compete the encyclopaedia entry 08 Gy (© wor freepedia comicapitalisr ft Reod Edt View nstry Capitalism CAPITALISM is an economic system in which money is | invested in the INVEST * of goods and services which are then sold for profit. Since the PRODUCT ‘Vth century, capitalist > have been common in Western Europe. i} ECONOMY Alter the Revolution, capitalism spread cutside Europe to many INDUSTRY ether economies al over the world There are many citcisms ofthe system. 5 make much more MANUFACTURE money thar the workers who actually ® the tems. PRODUCT The system leads to an unfair? cof wealth with the DISTRIBUTE ‘ cof large gaps between the rich and the poor DEVELOP Furthermore, it needs constant economic growth and, therefore,” ENVIRONMENT claim that capitalism will one day be responsible for using the last of the world’s natural resources. Mary however, point out that capitalist countries have 8 ECONOMY higher than average income and life expectancy.Present Perfect Simple and Present Perfect Continuous [ZUTIUEEP 1 hoose the correct ending for sentences 1-8. 1 They've been trying to sell their house before, but no one was interested. 2 They've tried b to sell their houss for over a year now, 3 He's been asking me © for help several times today, 4 He's asked me ¢_tohelp him all morning, 5 Ive visited ‘® many industrial cities, but nothing compares to this one. 6 Ie been visiting... 1 my relatives all waekend, 7 Iverun 9 and Im absolutaly exhausted 8 Ive been running hover 30 kilometres this week. Look at the pictures. Write sentences with the Fill in the gaps with the Present Perfect Simple Present Perfect Continuous form of these verbs, or the Present Perfect Continuous of these verbs. Use the same verb in each pair of sentences. clear snow decorate drive se tall geet lean ty reply phone paint 1 @ Have you been gaing out with each other for jong? b He'snot here, Hi gone out_ with a friend for the evening 0 Horan he today? = EI 2000 bi you al mening 5 aa We Spanish or tree yearend 3 we al cant speak very wel & 3 > ou oer : y 2 ioe 4 Whats that onyourbore? you aw bl my bedroom wall three times, : but can stil see the old colour uncemeath. i bal to.over ton emails aroady & today. 1970 a8 ime @ 8 Thatcar tower ort ast tw i 1 She's been cleaning her car. 'b Thisi the mest interesting food | 2 Simon and Ailsa ina long time. 3. The number of hours children watch TV 4 He 5. Foreign investment 6k