Irritant contact dermatitis can result from prolonged or repetitive contact with

physical, chemical, or mechanical irritants, including saliva, urine, feces,

fragrance, detergents, dyes, henna, plants, caterpillars, abrasive materials, and chafing.

Eczema (atopic dermatitis) : Skin disorders are a broad group of cutaneous eruptions
characterized by erythema, edema, and pruritus.
Many types of eczema occur in children; the most common is atopic dermatitis. The
form of eczema known as contact dermatitis can be subdivided into irritant dermatitis,
in which nonspecific injury to the skin causes immediate inflammation, and allergic
contact dermatitis, resulting from a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Irritant dermatitis
is more frequent in children, particularly during the early years of life. Allergic reactions
increase in frequency upon maturation of the immune system.
Children with atopic dermatitis are more prone to irritant contact dermatitis as an
exacerbating factor. Irritant contact dermatitis usually clears after removal of the
stimulus and temporary treatment with a topical corticosteroid preparation

Management:
 Cleansing of affected skin is best accomplished with a soft cloth and lukewarm
water, patted dry.
 The damaging effects of overhydration of the skin and prolonged contact with
feces and urine can be obviated by frequent changing of the diapers and periods
of “rest” free of diaper use. Cleansing
 Overwashing should be avoided because it leads to chapping and may worsen
the dermatitis
 First-line therapy for diaper dermatitis is application of a protective barrier
agent (ointment or paste) containing petroleum or zinc oxide at every diaper
change. Topical sucralfate is an effective barrier with some antibacterial activity,
useful for recalcitrant cases.
 Low-potency nonhalogenated topical corticosteroids, such as 2.5%
hydrocortisone, may be used for short time periods (3-5 days).
 Treatment with a topical anticandidal agent is indicated for secondary candidal
infection.
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Allergic contact dermatitis is common in childhood and should be considered
in any child with recalcitrant eczema.