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    AMS 2759 7B Gas and Vacuum Carburizing Rev.B

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    skumar210

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    GAB Aerospace AEROSPACE faa enone anes eo MATERIAL SPECIFICATION | fiitines Soosa2 Rene’ Soreas Supereding AMSZ7SO7A Carburzing and Heat Treatment of Carurtng Grade Stel Parts RATIONALE ‘AMS2750/7B isan update f this specication to lec Low Pressure Vacuum Carbuzing (LPC) and postive pressure (988 quonching, (PCA), typical refered to a high pressure gas quenching, (HPGO). 1. SCoPE: “This spactication, in conjunction wth the general requltereats fo see heat realment covered in AMS275®, establishes {he requires and procedure fr trea class of gas, vacuum, igi, nd low pressure (LPC) carburizing and ested heat treatment of pat ebisted from earbutzing rade slees. I'coes nol cover pack carburizing, 1 Clssifation Pvt tobe carburizes shall be processed to meet the reaurements of one ofthe fllowing castes (lass 1; Case dept and case harcness shall be as speciled, Subsurface case hardness shale n accordance wih Table 1 Surface carbon shall be 070 10 100% (weight %). Retained austenite shall not excoed 10% Intergranular cables shat be scattered and csconinvous and shall not be evident in more than 40% of the ‘ran pourdares. Class 2: Caso depth and case harness shall be as spectied. Subsurface case hardness shallbe in accordance with Table 1. Suface carbon shall be 0.75 to 1.10% (weight). Retained avstente shall not exceed 20% Contndous erode network shal not be vider nore han 80% of he grin boundanes. (Case 3: Case depth and case hardness shallbe as speci saa ek isnot specfed, prs sha be processed to meet the requvements of Cass 2 12. Types ‘Type 4: Gas and vacuum crburicing Type? Liu (sat bat) carburzing Type: Low Pressure vacuum) carburzing (0.5 to 35 mbar) 124 Minetype is nt specie, Type t shal be used. Ccane esse means stint i ees eset era * sr minx ie tm se SAE. AMS2759/78 2 413 Saley- Hazardous Mates nite the materi, methods, eppications, and processes descted or referenced in his speciation may involve the ‘se of hazardous materi, this specleation dows ne adress the hazards tat may be iveved in uch uso. Is the soe responsi ofthe user o ensue famiarty wth the safe ad proper use of any hazardous materials and to take ‘Necessary precautonary measure to ensira ine healt and eat ol personnel nvlved 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS: “The isu of he folowing documents n effec onthe dat ofthe purchase order forms a par ofthis specication tothe ‘xentspostiedherin. The supplier may werk toa subsequent ravain of a document urease specfe document sue |e specied When the rfereneas documont has Boer cancaled and no suprseding dacament has been spocted, the {eet pubenad ove o that cocument hal ply. 24 SAE Publications ‘Avalable fom SAE iteration, 400 Commonwealth Dive, Warrendale, PA 15086-0001, To: 877-606-7823 inside USA. ‘and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (ous USA), waa 888. aws240 laing, Copper ‘ants2750 Pyromety ‘aMszrso Heat Treatment of Stee! Parts, Genera! Requirements ‘aMS2T504 Heat Treatment f Carson and Low Aly Stel Parts Minimum Tersila Strength Below 220 ks (507 MPa) aus27592 Haat Treatment f Low-Alloy Stoo! Pars Itinimum Tensio Strength 220 si (1517 MP) and Higher Nuszrsartt ‘oss Rei of Sts! Parts asz768 Heat Treatment of Patsin Vacuum AR 1820 Chord Method of Evaluating Surface Mcrostuctral Charactrstes| 23 Metneds of Messueng Case Depth 2.2. ASTM Publications ‘Avaiable from ASTM Intrnatonal, 100 Barr Harbor Drve, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2958, ‘Tel 610-822-8585, ww ssi ox asTmes Preparation of Metalographic Specimens ASTME 18 Rockwell Hardness and Rockvel Supereial Harness of Metalic Materials ASTME ae Miseindentaton Haass of Matera ASTIME 435 Optica Emission Vacim Spectrometric Analyse of Carbon and Low Alloy Stat ‘ASTME 1019 Determination of Carbon, Sul, Niogen, Oxygen, and Hydrogen In Steel and in Won, Nike ‘and Cobst loys 23. ASM Pubieatons ‘Avaiuble fom ASM Inlernaionsl, 9638 Kingman Road, Matorils Park, OM 44073.0002, Tel, 440.396.5154, ‘nw asmijomatonal ia, ‘ASM Hendbock Volume 08 ~ Metatography and Micostutures (1865 Edion), ISBN 10:0-87170016-8 sag ase 3, TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 34 Equipment ‘hal confom tothe requirements of AMS2758, aaa ‘Quenching Equipment ‘Sha be in accordance with AMIS27S9 and AMS2769 secon on inet gat quenching 34.2 Auniery Equipment ‘Sail bein accordance wih AMS2758 34.3. Thermal Processing Eauipment Pyomety shal conform to ANS27E0. asa Cleaning Equipment ‘Sal bo in accordance with AMS2759, 34.8 Carburing Equipment ‘Te caburking stmosphere shall be generated wih midures of hydrocarbon compounds and gases reacting to supply the cabo. Creation of te atmosphere shallbesufcintte provide uniform carburzing 8184 3482 3483 a4s4 3188 For Classes 1 and 2 gaseous carburing the process (ine, temperature, gas flows (Type 1 vacuum onl), carbon palentl) shallbe atonal coowoles, maintained and recorded, Mania equpment may De Used {overly the automatic equipment. For Types 1 and 8 vacuum carburizing, precision ga Now meters (23.5%) or mass flow sensors shal record the ‘2cdons of carburizing medium. The process (ime, temperature, gas fows, vacuum levels, pressure, ei) Shall be automaticaly conoled, mained and recorded. The carbon potental shal be Geleined by ‘orelation of the adstons wh the resus from cabon gate ts specimens, Ctr eaburisng meds, such as malien sak th or fused beds, may be used when appropri, excapt ‘ack carburing shall not be uted, The exrbon potential shal be determined by conelaton wih te resus from carbon gadint last specmens. ‘When malian salt baths re used, the medium shall be anayeed pesoseally fr chemical compostion. ‘Carbon potential shal be determined in accordance wih 3.11.8 for Type as carburizing ‘Accuracy 6 Atrospbere Gontl Instruments ‘The accuracy of nstuments used for mestuing and contting carbon potential of Type % gas carbursng furnace atmospheres andthe accuracy of nsuments used for measuring nd convoling pressure of Type 1 vacuum ean ‘and Type 3 Low Press carburzng fumaces chal ba chacked as ofan necessary to enaure thatthe aqupment ‘parang proprlyand shal be clad. These aces shale performed per manuacluers' recommendations 3.2. Sequence of Operations Shall be (8) preparation for carburizing, 2 carburizing. (2) cookng afer carburizing, (4) hardening, and (6) tempering ‘The hardening operation may be omvted when cooing ater earburing has Incomporated a quench in accordance with 3.4 and when the conditions of, 3.22 0r 22 are sais SA iss na 32:4 Parts were quenched om he carburizing temperature ar both of the fotowing apply. 3244 Case dpthis 0.020 inch (0.54 mm) ores 3212 Carbutsng temperature was not higher than 1600 °F (871 °0). 322 Pans were furnace cooled to the austentizing temperature, stabiized, and quenched in accordance wih 36.4 land ether ofthe folowing appt 5221 Parte were made from low hardenablty ste! ©. 1020, 4616, 4620, 8616, o 820, 2 Toquiement, of pats made to meet Class 1 oF 2 requiemenis thal have been approved bythe cognizant ‘enginesingerganizaton. | 32.2.2. Parts were made rom a high hardonabily ste! (e.g, 4320, 4820, oF 9910), and were carburized to meet Class 323. Pants rage from a Jow hardenabity sel were quenched fom the carburizing temperature and ether ofthe folowing apples: 3291 Parts were carburized to mee! Clas 2 of Caos 3 requirements 3232 Parts ware carburized to mest Cass 1 requtements and quenching from the carburizing temperature was _spproved by the cognzent engineering organization. 33 Preparation for Carburizing ‘Al metalic operations, suchas brazing or welding or ses inducing operations, uch as forming or benin, should be comptes porto creurzng. Parte shal be fos fem visble defects, contamination, and corcien that may retard ‘arburzing orbe detimental to the appearance er perfomance of te fished parts 33.1 Stress RetotNematzing Part may be toss reloved per ANS2758/11 or normalized pir to carburizing, Normalizing times and temperatures for ‘conmonl carburized sacle we given n Tables 2 an 3, 332. Cleaning [Al pats shall have scale, oxides, resiual ol fim, and any cher surface cortaniaton removed prio Yo carburizing or heat treatment Parts shal be cleaned as necessary forthe process fo be performed, Cautionary note Preoxdation folowing washing has proven useful Type 3 processing proving the temperture doesnot exceed S00 F (260 °C) 333 Masking Masking shal be copper plat, not less than 0.0008 Inches (20 a) in thickness, apple in accordance with AMS2416, thor mesking may be used f acceptable ote cogrizant engineering organization 334 Visual inspection Masked or plted pats shall be viel inepected pir to and ater carburizing, Parts exhibiting bstering, peeling, oF porosity in the masking aller carburizing shal bo ojectod. 3.8 Losting of Pars Los parts o minimize distorion at temperature and assure fie circulation of stmosphere and quench Mid SAE aws27: 34 Carburzation 344 Carburiing Temperature ‘Shall bo ata elected temperature 225 “F (414 °C) conslatent with the material to be caurized andthe depth of case Feauired. Carouraing ranges areas follows: Type 1 - Gas Carbuzing: 14500 1750 "F (788 to 954 °C) ‘Type 1 Vacuum Carbuteing 1850 to 1900°F (43 0 1038 °C) “Type? Limit Carraing 600 1750 °F (Rt 4“) Type 3 Lon Pressure Caburzng) 1450 2100°F (708 1149°C) 342 Carburiing Potential ‘The carbon potential, however contaled, shall be such aso provide the required case carbon content and case depth 342.1. For Types 1 and 3 vacuum carbufng, the carbon potential shal be determined by colton of the adions wt the resus from carbon gradient test specimens. Cautionary note. Consideration must be. given to the production operating condtions when developing a quaiictiniperodc testing plan for mutipla chamber fuenaces when evaluating earbon potental. Cautonary note: The sutace area needs to be taken info consideration when eslablshing process conto parameters. 35 Cooling ater Corburzing ‘Shall be in accordance wih on of the fetoning 3541 Quenching om the Carburzing Temperature {aster han that provided by fan ciulated ar or mosphere. Fan cooing from the carburaing temperature ort | 55.12 Furnace cooing frm the carburing temperature tothe austenitzing temperature in Table 2, stabilaing, and [22° Geng grote arm wean on cao wad yg a i ening, ekg prove coercing. Tho es qunchng pecs wil fue copier engreting preva 36° Herdening ‘Shall consist of austantizing and quenching, It may be preceded by subcritical annealing in accordance with Tables 2 and 3, and cooing to ambient temperature 381 Atmosphere Protective aimosphere or masking or both shall be used to protect pat surfaces from dacarburizaton, carburization, Inergrancier oxdaton, and other surface damage during sub. citeal annealing or austeiizing. Pate exhising Sits orig oe mesg pio mated ats fer ton fo Svea onpraas shl be Ste relecton 382 Rate of Heating Hard parte (°25 HRC) shall be prehasted or tess releved in accordance wih AMS20Q9/11 peor to hardening, reheating In airs permite SAE amis27é 363. Austantiong ‘emporati shal be as spciod in Table 2. For sols not ted in Tabla 2, austnting temperatures shal be pected by purchaser The charge shallbe hel win the specified temperature range for aunt ime for necessary 1 ba) \wnen gas quenching Is specie, it shal be accomplished by transfering the pats rom a heating chamber toa separate chamber or backing the heating chamber witha gas tht has no detiental msalgical eect on te material being rocested or onthe fumaco equipment. The sjsiom and th pressure of the baciling gas selected shal be capable ooing the pats ala rate sufflent to meet the metal propery requirements speciied. The use of hydrogen a6 a {quenching gar must be approved by ine cognizant engineering eegaizaton 3.6.45 Forstedls otter than thse sted in Table 2, quench mecta shal boas specied by the purchaser 365. SubZero Treatment ‘Subzero treatment ls requled for parts carburzed to Claes 1 and Clase 2 raquremants and for stele containing 2.5% {lal or more of aloyngslemens when carburzes to Class 3 requirements. Other pat shall be sub-zor treated wien ‘pected Pars shal be eld at 100 “F(-73 °C) of lowe, for hour per inc (25 men of thekness, but Nt less than ‘hour, end warmed in at oom temperature. The sub-zero retmon! shall be ated within 2 fo 4 hours afr stat of ‘quench or eampletion ofa snap tempo. Pars lss than 2.5 inches nck shall folow tho 2 hour te and parts 25 inches {Sd thicker ell mast he 4 how ti, SAE AMS2759/78. 365.1 Vinon suthozed by to cognizant engineering orgenizaon, «snap temper between 250 and 300 °F (121 and 149 °C) may be used aler quenching and pres fo the sub-zero treatment when part design and thermal strassas may feu In pat eacking The sap temper eaten! sha be litated wihin 2 hours ater stot of ‘uereh. 386 Cleaning Pats maybe cleaned before tempo, Marauenching sat shall be noved, bel empl by hot wale 37 Tempering Teroerng shale stated within 2 hous afer start of quench o sub-zero treatment except as permitted in 3.74 37.1. hardened parts cannot be tempered within 2 hours efter removal fom sub-zro cooling, they shal be snap, Tempered fort less than2 hours at a temperature between 260 and 300" (121 °C and 148°). 37.2 Unies othenvise spaced. pars shal be tempered for no ss than 2 hours ata temperature consistent wth the ‘caso hardness requemoris but wihin the vange of 275 to 475 °F (135 to 246 °C). Soak tne shall Be at ‘AMISZTSAN or AMSZTSOR 28 Cleaning Catburzed Suaces ‘Stall be by one ofthe fotowing methods; last cleaning, detergent clearing, vapor bast clearing, degreasing, abrasive honing, or anode electro cleaning Acid peling or cahode lectayic chaning is ra pried. 3.9. Removal of Masking Masking sha be removed from parts aftr the carburizing operation If plating i used, & shal be removed by a method ‘hats contelled to prevent ching, ping or hyarogen embritieet othe Da 8.10. Staightoning Straightening carburized areas of pars is permitted only if cone prior fo sub-zero teatment andor tempering and if ‘approved bythe cognizant engineering xpaniaton| 3.401 Warm etightening is pormites in uncarburzed areas ofthe pars, Part temperate shall nt exceed 275 °F (135°C) dung the saghteing operation, 3.11 Properties SA44 Case Depth 2414.4 Case Depth Messurement ‘Shall be detrmined in accordanco wih 3.114.411, 3111.12, 0r3.41.4.13, SA1A4.4 Gace Depth Determination by Merohardness Methos ‘Shall be by mlrohardnasstraveree of fest specimen sectoned perpendosla to the carburized surface and prepared in ‘accordance wih ASTM 3. Hardness shall be determined in sccoreance with ASTM E 384 or SAE 3423, string ‘0,002 inc (2.05 mn) fom the carburized edge and traversing Inward increments of 0.06 inch 0.10 ma tothe dep ‘wore hardness of 542 HKS00 or S13 HV0O or less is Yeached. Tha case depth shall be tne distance om De suacs {othe cation were the hardness is equivalent o 0 HRC. SAE AMS2759/78 3414.42 Cate Dapth Determination by Metalographic Method ‘Shall te by examination ofa test specimen sectioned perpendicular fo the carburized sutace an prepared in accordance with ASTM E 3. Elen the secboned surface with 2 sutable reagent fo get maximum contrac Balwoen phases and onsttiens, then examine at 0X to OOK magnfieatien, The ease dep ena bo the distance om tne surface tothe location where the contests greatest. Incase of csp, the method of 311-111 shal app. 8.414.44.3Themethod of ARP1E20 may be used to determine depth chin cases. 31142 Cave Depth Requremente and Atowancee 341.121 The depth of the applied case on the ascarbuized and hardened part shall bo suicient to assure thet engineering drawing requited fished case dapth and surface hardness cequrements are met. The case ‘depths detned asthe capth below the surlace of the rished pat whore tho hardness iste equivalent of £0 HRC. (See ao 811-3) This |s cten reared to the effonve case dept 3.11122 The drawing case dept apples to the finish machined surfaces, The affective case dep at external ‘corners nteral comers, boundars, ternal bors and gars and spines shallbe as flows 3.111221 For extemal edges with a radus ess than two times the maximum speciled case depth, the case depth ‘may be exceeded fora distance rom the corner equal io tee mos te minimum spoctid case depth 3.111222. For intemal comers wi a rads less than two mes the maximum species case depth, the case depth ‘may be les then the minimum speced fer a stance fem the theorteal corner equal o wo times Ie Tinkmom specie cace depth but nt lss than one half ofthe minimum specified case depth 3.111223 Forboundares ntween cafbuized and uncarburized ares, the case depth may be less than the minim ‘pected case deph fr a éstance rom the boundary equal two times the minimum specfod case depth ‘ut not less than one hall the minim speciied case depth atte boundary. The cabutzed case may ‘extend by normal fluson bayond the boundary by nt mre than tc the minimum specified case dep 3.44.12.24 For gears and spines, the spect case depth apps to he tooth surface al the pich daeter, Case pth atthe vot rads shal be ot less than O78 tes te minimum spestied case depth 3.111225 For intemal bores, the case depth is applicable atthe entrance and midpoint depth of bores open at bath ‘n,n atthe entrance and coed and of bores een a only one en 3.412 Case Surtoe Hardness ‘Shall be determined in accordance with 3.11.22. 3.4121 The fools of spines or gear teth may exbil hardness not more than 2 HRC or equivalent numbers lower ‘nan that aque al th pich Ina. When approved by the cognizant enginearng evganlaaton, reduction of ‘SHR or equate is acoeplble, 3.11.2:1.4 Ifa stable sutace snot acoessible for hardness testing, the hardness a 0.002 inch (0.05 mn) obtained as in2.1141-1ahal be the ceoe haan. 3:11.22 Case Hardness Determination ‘Sha be in sccordence wih ASTI E 18 onthe carburized and hardened surface, ofthe fished pat using & supers), hardness test appronita forthe dpih cf case speci SAE AMS2759/78 3.413. Sub-Suroce Case Hardness For pars carburized to Class 1 and Class 2 requements, the subsurface hardness shall mect the requirements of Tablet, detormined In accordance wah 3.11.32. Where a aiferer hardness is epected, ho subsurface harcnoss shall be as spocted, when appbcable. 8.1434 Subsurface hardness requirements donot apply o rete of splines or gear teth 3.1132 Sub-sutae Gase Hardness Determination ‘The hardness traverse 3.1.11 shal be sed to determina the sub-urface cate hardness. The microhardness onwerson fr 8 HRC shallbe 650 HKEOO or 59 HVEOO and for 6O HRC shall be 732 HKSOO or 697 HVSOO. 3.114 CoreHordness ‘Sha be as spaifed, determine in accordance wth 11.4.1 8.1144. Core hardness shalbedotemined in accordance wih ASTM E 18 on a noncarburzod surface ofthe pat, o at 2 fcaton not Joos than fe times tho case depth fom the suace, of at the approximate center of the Iicrostuctue specimen (See 3.11.66). As an altomate method the core hardness can be established In ‘Socotdance wth ASTM E 284 at location notiess than fetes the case depth fiom te susce 3.11.5 The harness of non carburized surtaoes shat be in accordance wih specified core hardness. 3.116 Case Microsteture ‘Shall be predominsnty tempered martensite, determined in accordance wih 3.1.66. 3.11.61. Intergranular oxen shal nt exceed 0.0005 inch (0.013 mm) indepth fom the unmachined sutace. 3.1162 For Class 1 parts, any intergranular carbides on a frich machined working surface shall be scaled and ‘scominuovs and shall at bs evident im more then 40% of he gran Boundares. Only sperged ireraranvlar Spherodal secondary) caries ae pamited more tan two gras below the ish machined working sutace, Massive o blocky carbides are unacbopable. 2.1163 For Class 2 pats, a continuous carbide natverk shall ot be evident in more than 80% of he gran boundaras. Photomicrograph 13 on page 220 of ASM Handbook, Volo 08, 1985 Eaton, fs an Huston of the rmaxmum aozeplable continuous eafide mictostucture. Photamcrogapne 12 and 14 on page 220 of ASM andoook. Volum 08, 1985 Eaton are lusations of non azcoptabe micostucures cowaining OxceEsve ‘carbides around the gra boundaries and massive carbides. 3.1164 The micostucture fa ished Class 1 pat shall nt show evidence of etainad austenite in excoss of Figura 16-on page 220 of ASM Handbook, Vouime 09. 1008 Eaton. I iferprelaten of the microsrucue {questionable © If appea to represent etaned ausinte excess of th gu, xray fraction shal Bo eae deen he acanabity. Wher inspodedby ay Staion. ened asante ete ten itinacceph 5:41.85 The microstuctue ofa finshed Class 2 pat shall net show evidence of retelned austen In excess of Figure ‘7'on page 221 of ASM Handbook, Volume 08, 1905 Elion If intorpreaton of tho mivostucture Is uestonable, oF iit appears to represent retaned austenite excess of th hgre, xray iffaction shal be Beromed 19 dwn te eecpaiy. When nape by xy acon, eoned atte eat hah is unaccopable sag awse7sey7p 3.11.68 Case Nirostructure Determination ‘Shall be by examination of tos epecimen sectioned perpendicular othe carburized surtace and prepared in aecordance ‘wit ASTICE 3. Examine a 900% to 1100X magniaton fr felines austen, 400% to COOK for errand oxatog {and carbides, enc 200X lo 300X for core structure For pat surfaces tha are fo be subsequently machined, the sock 0 beremoved in fhish machining need nl be evaluates S417 Coreierostucture “The transformed microstructure of the core cha be consistant vith the eal compost an the ticknaee of he par at theme of auenching 3.118 Carbon Content of Case (Carbon Potential or sutace carbon) ‘Shall be 0.70 to 1.00% for pats carburized to Class 1 requtements and 0.75 to 1.10% for pats carburized to Claks 2 ‘equremens, determined in accordance wth 8.11.81, 3.1182, or 3118.3 3.41.81 Amachined specimen, not less than 0.50 inch (12.7 mn) in cametor ana 6 inches (12 men) ia ength shall be ‘burzed, preferably wih a furnace lad, fr each ally procested, The specmen shal bo carourzed Io a tlepth not ies than the maximum depth normally carburized or 0.020 inch (051 mem), whichavor Is grate. ‘The specimen shall not be hatdoned ater carbraing 0008 inch (0.49 mm) shal ba machined fem the ameter ofthe carburized specimen and te chips dscarded, Chips for ana shal be taken ftom the rex ‘0.005 Inch (018 mm) machined fom he darveter. The cies shal be fee of ol, greas, dit, sal, oF oth forsgn substances. Carbon celerminaion may be by any method acceptable to purchaser, but in case of

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