fer te mint ios Tab ncafanctonl Beading wich doe 9% sw up i he “uae” clon ee Pp cote nt cave at aie clawe comple: is Wil Tes be fopis Chap Tei the semen ind of sect, wah erga nol th as tadbea bem taken he Stara fe ty coon rc ngage hasbeen defined inco= Aipsceper val meting pacbocn nash re lly dere tha ann 9 Ghee kids Be thee lp er reg, wc that comatuncy 9 te ‘atte natural ont ke rcacgval nthe ate ny that cel ses ‘retaken as ean oe hh analog ses ah ere athe hah Be ther ay Fouad Tor bah tes reson, in the remanng chapters of Pac One (Chaps 35) sul je comtasencaye deseo of suet, ees ping SU now 3d fin woe iy do fo ell he whole sry. s Gras pomibl. cach td of teeming in the nse wl be ero dependaty now terms Thi (til ielve sore seh of hand since thong hee are clay these eee ms ‘loning sid Bein every clase, a aus sone clase — I note {tia ear pole for nse racumar hat vers aoe dese ets cveyig cece inno maul pogrnon ram ne feature ening: (eather ler cnfoes ear ot she age ey do act ar tobe Tee st 2 ne). Thay chosen oar ithe clase 3¢ mesg, fecae find thas te eases. sage of ne dae te dacs sem erm UL even het wl Be RSE tbvnake yore Yarwatd rere to ober parts ofthe book. But these wl Ee Kt {Sa mim in pew [have red fo trate exploration of rama a = linear prosreaion. Ect chaser il presuppose he chartershat have gone bee ad ony sip have soc mates tat te Yt De haaupss ay, eetacheees: Clause as message 84. Theme and Rhame CSSD iee knw combine, Te dee sas tah sy SUTSeE Seisan. ue mans dn -oneaaaer is pees Si a voc wee varie sss wich hea ped ona exh OBES MAKE NE ee Si csnade itor ati fase dae case = *QZinay sume al aguas Se iene aac a ‘Soc teres wate sc he ape seed: IDEM incntes the aac a wai ae a esas by MARE (Oompa TIC One some the dunes ete ‘Ssies wih th utdor ott thea ae SSL Ta some aneuages hiss hae apa 0 is Kind ty mea of apart Japan, fat eae RE 8 ver hi sais uote imme pete osge, of eric gl ene, he ee as bai Inspeaty ors Pst ae arama ‘Ci Ne sir sgl te seo, aloud i Cet foe mae ff als by se sa Fling ie vnnlogy of the agi teal cm Theme the be far fone. ke al ‘eaen wi ial aie Td ‘deporte easage ouindcr of emengs the part 2 Faas sol tecmacogy he ReeGiese Cooter) Foc hese enone the tars Tete - Rhone te cnr positon tease, We have aleady imate the sho) Kow the cfateses messase this theconguraivn Thane = Rhone A nesase Snes a Theme sti sity 9 he ‘hound om wk thls ahng ff So part of te meaning sy lute Ter which clement shoes 9 fe Theme. There a uffence orate estate filet nC a ets Ee eee les ‘he imac Erg ois Toome (Wal yo about these gh The tence ay be carat as “Theat the bo caus fe in he howe af theme Bygone them in ths way, 1 fl you bout". wea feet that they ate rug difereeresae Fir pviton nese a9 what ens he There th ess whereby he fonetionof Teme sree inthe ran of Era. Thee so wlewate reac why the Theme function shoo be realized i th Way 4 read 0 there ae lnpuages mick bae a cateary of Theme Tanctional sitar fo cat fF Engish but watch neverhes expres ip quite a different wy. But in any sive language tbe messages iganed a¢ 3 Theme - Rhee soacare, and fh Shractre expresses by he sequence im hich the elements O&c the clase, ‘ie ses stra that the positon forthe Thee shoud be a be Begining ‘alberta at te enor at tae cher spe pom “The Themes not ecesanly a nowanaLcnour, ke those above. Ima. a be a ADVERSIALCROLE cr PORTIONAL esi, such asthe examples ia Bute #2 “ohn 8. Carall's‘Forenrs' to Wor? Language, Though and Real bgis wich the adverb Theme once in De mot a at aed sare doce tee omnes i Etat the There ix ansoused explo by mean of ie Se nor suk eaertto.--jaboae. Unall sani mol ries et by a locaton of tis ind, The Thee the picked Toe AS Gece ty te spponee Prono — her #5 oh net de ree ‘is not evpliialy incroduxcrd, and gven At che Theme salsa the SuBjéCt, eepetiali a Cee aes ee Se eee ee See ee ee 2:2. Simple Themes of mora than on 4s firs sep we avs mage me acumpions hat the of jet one saul seme and that tha element Ue — one nomial fap adverb group or {sumption held forthe eagles given stone sma, ‘he Piast JR i's Papers Lingus 4B ‘har of Genera Lingle ns un. si ‘The es tn of Comer gis a {icon a, he Shon of ea ad Aa (a each of thse examples he Theme is oe em troup or ne pepostinal pase4 Clause as message ‘whereas in the non-dentifying form you J blame, that J meant, making you and that thematic also makes them marked Themes (ecause not Subject), and 50 adds a sense of contrast which may be out of place l-everyday conversation che item most often functioning as unmatked Theme (Subject/ Theme) ina declarative clause i the ist person pronoun J. Much of our lal consists of messages concerned with ourselves, and especialy with What We think and feel. New after that come the other personal pronouns 0M, We fe, he, ifthe, and the impersonal pronouns and vhere. Then come other nominal s;0ups — tose wits common aGun oF proper noun as Head — and nominalia bons. Providing these are functioning ar Subject, then having them os 7 still the unmarked choice ‘AvTheme that is womething other thin he Subject, in & declarative clause, we Shall refer t0, 25,2 anadverbial group, es. edoy, suddenly, somewhar distracted, or prepositional Phrase, eg. af night inthe corner, without much hope, functioning a8 ADILNCT lithe clause. Least Ukely to be thematic a comPLENENT, which Wea nomial sroup tha is, ot functioning, as Subject — something that could have been Subject bus s noi. For discussion of Complement and Adjunct see Chapter 4 Sexton 43 below. The main tendencies for the selection of Theme in declarative couses are summarized in Table 31), 12s Thme-frama sendy i thon Dy E Fercton’ | Goer Cine amp | 5) | renown Se eae prrensae | FPP cena | serine me | amie cid om ¥ ie | Seuran esd" | London rig 4 faten dow | | susie: | pominatestion’ | hat warn.¢ i # stoner ci of tot cent nee etic maleeces ree i eee te tee | sera Soprenerat | on Shei mene we Be mend reste eee Cee The ‘most marked rype of Theme ina declarative clause is thus a Complement example nature in nature I loved, ths responsibilty in this responsielity we cept wholly. This isa nominal element which, being nominal, has the potentiality ff being Subject; which has not been selected as Subject; and which nevertheless has been made th unmarked ‘Theme, there mus be very good reason for makina ita thematic Complement — ic is being explicitly foregrounded as the Theme of the clause. Let us look at one example taken from the en OF Bally and Sechehaye's Preface to Saussure’ C Sh General Linguistics (Enaih translation by Wade Bashan): > ear sate a nr tesoonsiy to our clih We ate a ae toche auth, who pronaby would nr avs authorize te galego ‘hs epomsbiy we acept molly, and me wold wily Meee sone, reconstructing (rom oes’ lsture notes :ne work of an oustanding colleague publication after ni death — and enunciates this 4s thei point of departut Sg the undertaking is ai about. 3 mates even the Complement irom within a prepositional phrase (sce Chapter 6, Section 6.5) tune pecpostion and verb: for example that in thar could do without Pwo vo shings We need to comment on. Perhaps he (ype of Complement Thea ands out as-Most marked, however, i a pronoun, such as me in me hey Jor t. This a6 i wersy the opposite end of the scale of thematic tendency ‘the anmatked SubjectTheme J with Whichrwe sarted. There i one sub-ateyory oF declarative clause: which hag a special scars, namely the xelamative-Thesestypeallyhaye/afl €eI6mal@ry clement'as Theme, 26 in Figure tne whole burden of the prefase — the sp " : hi F927 There n axclmatvo cinses (Bremen imerrogatve clauses: Thetypia!fmetion ofan +o ask-a question: and ftom the speaker's point of view asking incicaion that he wants 19 be told something. The fact Ca, i sk questions forall kinds of reasons doesnot ell ito dsp the hasie meaning oF a question is a request for an answes. The 4 question, therefare, & "what 1 Want 19 know” “ere are wo main types of question: one WHE se ADL ARTY "es Of HOP, 2, Cam yOu Keep a ‘hea er’ hat he ser wary fo Inhe eontent eg. Who will you send (0 fetch her fox gone? lo both (pes, ie Nord indicming what somes fir. Ti .¥es/no_question, which i 4 questi sions at Them is the element that [ANCE VERBAL opEearons Ie the Finite ‘or negalve: 62" do, don'ts ear Finite operator is put fies, before thes ‘ewer op a0 ina WH. question, whirequests this Information, reves the nature of (he cogitive the WHe element. shat futons as surely ie WAL element who, what, wher, HOU, ei So in 8 thet function if has inthe mood structure of men, The meaning iT wan! YO WH: smear that ep dement te put 8s 90 ody the tematic prinise in their h that one patiulae Iaverrouative clauses the makeup. Itis characte dement comes firs: and the 0 fhture of 2 question, has time to put this elem 1 interrogative is exptesid, sind the explanation for ‘his lies sn che thematic sigmiticance nin the English lau, nterogatives expeess que vs the answer eure So the realization of at indicates the Kind an fi ofan interrogaive cause in Enel Fon for chs is that that element, ing 9 the Ye) Fist postion s soe regula pa it nas become part of attached to fist posto a nuestign iT want co be tld something’ er piece of information 9° an in invlves selecting an element word occur. Example in Fgute the geoup oF pire im which 0 1 of; a nominal group tunetioning as Complement in foup thay funtion as Thee on its OW, 2s wich hows in wich house do the he WEL word is, oF i 4 prepositional parase, this nominal ih what in hat shall ment with fava yes/no interrogate, the Theme inludes the finite is verb plus Subject Form a twa wy Section 3.5 below. Examples in Figute ative ciause the choles of a (pic Js pattera has evolved a8 the means ‘rong tendency fOr the Subject a6 wel: Fin fart Theme, ihe principle Thus in bats kinds of ser is clearly motivated, since asic message of the lause. Fence shere 282 3 forin, and nat to overide it by introdicing to choose the unmarke ig. 310. Marked There a eteroative cin 4jmarked Theme out i roa, But marked TREMEs do sranines ecu in inter Togaies as otal i Faure 3-10 en imperative owes, TRE base mestge of a impertine aie se ea eae someting oT ant us Gouraad maja dosomettiie Fe oon ecu epn nh a Jes yo Rome nw; berderis clea Re Bitiiel shoe of Teme: But wih elise tone, a ough ae sereattat ara There (eg 90 eep quel, meaing FO YOl te ry puedenoue the mote typical orm isp Axep gut, wih che aa ease The function of the Yer in che mood sitar (ause in he er preon ks hers tert, isthe Predator hates marked Theme a eels, such ax dn’ rene wit ne do’ es gta! abo i espe same as wth sex’ iverroyaves the Unmathe THEME eerie following cement, either Subject or Predator Again these isa See tn yon econ’ argue with oe, here the Theme is done ae Mei ao # rhe entranive oem of dh pain ea 40 he vue, wnete the Theme is do plus the Predicator dake, Examples in Figure 311. ere eave @ be only te of cause in which the Predictor (he et) solany Pound a Tene, Tas 901 Ipussile in oh mds, where the wat may be put in ficst position precisely to give i themasle: seatus, €.g. Jarget in forg ir [sever shall; bus here it is the most highly marked choice of all. . se fe aa oo Fig 11 Thame 9 nporaive clauses ye question sie senient of the depends on the choice of Mads The pte‘ominal group, adverbial eroup oc posinal phrase Functioning a interropative (WH) element imperative —eroat soup enctioning ae Predator, plus imperatives hou and oe ‘lus preceding don if negative exchmative nominal group or adverbial group ss exclamative (WH) elem ‘When some other element sich marked The hod cho}ee of Theme Kind setting forthe else oF expres a Feature of contest. N Such instances the clement hat would have teen the unmarked choice af Theme is now part of the Rheme “The foloming passage from David Copperfield shows a typical conn forthe choice of marked Themes in declarative clauses (Figure 412} gece ok Seen ia ee eae 34 Other characteristic Themes fb all, texe to ser cerita otber elements that have a special stan in the ‘of the clause. These are elements which, if they ane present =r sa some cases have fo Be — thematic. Those tt are ‘ypicaly, Utuith aot olisarons,chematis consist of two ses of items, almost all hem aGVE"Es oF prepositional pases, functioning as. Adjunct in the d ‘CONLNCTI DISCOURSE ABIUNETS and MODAL ADIUNEIS. Those that ars obliga! hematic are CONHUNCTIONS ad RELATIVES 1 sical temas: on inncrivn id modal Adiunsts Other characteristic Themes 8 cai ‘notin cn re, pare ont hatter ast te pee Sarees ES cae’ | be ene ame a aa ene | nee Se, haan rae = Geli orarrsseh ore te (ina cae, oder esicumtanes, “Nevetholece dngia oh Poise ators coca eon, ges, cose mS Say aahelne, sear, ae Sa Sica gat ferme enon oi cuene, Son abreast Sue _ "amy ancien Bevan, ry RAD ofl ce foresee jou Se wu Sas sae ne te Shay absent, oo cau asa StS feito pow Watcha eoncoray mes CSe | TGR Soy Seeaeasin nema one \ on ita! eran niet ow sna |_ Rea receding test, The principal types are vet out in Tal hater 9 Seson l care those which express Tc Js-nordifiaalt t seo why modal and cont the beginning of the clause ne of them ac natural theme, If the speaker inch presents his or her owa angle on theou what {think Similarly. x there ie some clement expres: iPto what has gone before, by puting this Fest we Chemie he dignfcance of what we are saying: VU they di’ s scheme was therfore abandoned, Nate How he conceis of 5 to explain the syslemati fference betveen Pars Of @) ovvigarity thematic: conjunctions and relatives Gi GOMIUNCTIONS ars ems which relate the cause ta preceding Siase in ce same sentence the sime cause com (discourse) Adjunes; bat they They are fer in that, while conjunctive Adjunes setup a semanti rlaoaship with what precedes, conjunctions setup a satis hia which (not onlysemancz but sto) grammatical — they construct the 1w0 pars into single structural unie (gee Chapter 7, paswm), Conjunctions consul 3 estinet lassi the grammar. They are surimarized in Table 3. (i) NeLATIVEs are also items which relate the clause in-which they occur ca ssotier cause, In a structural celtioaship see Chapter 6, Section 6 222); aud Chapter 7, Seitions 7112), 743, 7.45 and 7.5.8). But unlike conjunctions, they funtion as Subject Adi thay are either signs or adverbs. Hence or Complement — either alone, oF within the a group or pivase. Relatives are exemplified in Table 3). A relative group or phrase functions as a whole as Theme of the clause jn which it oseur: fr example, (nomiaal aroup) whose house, whatever objections (adverbial aroup) however badly; (prepositional phrase) in which, with whom; on Yekose beh), for whatever reason. Relatives are thus like WH. interrogatives, in that they havea dual function: onthe one and as Subject, Adjunct or Complement ad on the oltec hand with a spedal vale of theie Own — either questioning thee charactertie cw wntig wor of eocaeee rr Ste bemneen the definite relatives and the interogeives: ‘Where are you going? ('you have (0 tell me") oing «(it doesn't matter) 7 were YOu" (Cohere you're going” depends on “house pnt coca of ‘WEE ene coves hs ang of nasa the WH sleet Tia tof anger set embracing bah WH aed TH forms, which ken tegae lls gence pomtog ow forcion, as umnard a aH 16) 1 s6e! tis ona, thom vanes ne, wna yu 89) ie mec wee Wseroven anaaver you sam “Tes shatatrtic Theres" — em which are obligatory, ora ease ply & snematc ~ el us ue 3 lr abow the principle of ordering i the Enslsh laws Taove whicn are oblsatosy themaie have, a4 the larguage evolved, ae mere rgrned to vhs front ofthe caute nd stayed there. When using fy 9F 246 the speaker does not choose whether or mot $9 make it thematic, according to the Sesasior: he themate stats come a gar OF a package, along with he Meaning Bt he conjuction. But se thee eps are chemae By tau, et By eptom, | ‘shen one of them is preset it does ot take ap all he thematic tenia Shute, Whatever i chose Talo i wl il have shemanefree ag He sh much a shen nothing precedes a al * ‘The argument here iavlves two sips. On he One ad, i pasle urodice a marked Thene afer one f these conjunetons ei: (or coma, a5 -Tenojed literature, but grammar 1 could nd ot ssc, kee Darwin's The Origin af Spee: whem in dy county ever domestic bee once deen established . . . (Note that the only reason for ahoosing this mark ‘io make grammar, in an counts them) Suton the othr an “Themes are ess common inchs environment, suagesting that some of the | cof themaricity’ has been taken up by the conjunction. “The ame principe extends othe tems which ane peli thou ‘hemati, like probably or however. re the speaker is in fac ‘though with a distine tendency towards making the modal or sematie Following one of these items, itis even Jess ik a marked Theme: iis a8 f mich ofthe enety of leeagy been these iets, boca the patterns we act [ook {he dour; But we can ona @52_Clause as messuge Vamarked Theme thus you can store protein in the sane way you can't sot protein both) a ore een inthe same way prin fou ane theater What ve lata from studying iis tind of Complement fllowing one of thee" (Note that thie docs not aoply to vl vation is hat a Subj, Ada or aiacerite Themes is laf enatc . om ves, Bechet rele fem fa she Same time Sabet, Adjunct or Complement} This bogs ot the port ede sat ta Thane a mh» eva event fos the begining of th Neves thee te for saying where the There ends ad se Rhee bei sch as How fe ho flee canary, nwt the ra in nation come Sows icone These j 3.5. In Section 3.2 we considered various stan soup or phrase in it, Like ve Wars und ‘that teapot. Ts Isa 1 bei constituent in the serucwre of the clause Jn the fst Section | introduced various clemens that tend (0, or have to, secur tically if they occur at all (1) conjunctive and modal Adjunets, 2) eanjunc- relatives. Because the thematic status of these elements is ult in, #9 10 speak, it also somewhat attenuated; they nay not exhaust the themats poental of the clause. Where they donot, shis means thatthe next element jn the clase ‘5 abo part of the Theme. (a this case we have wnat is called a ‘miliple’ Theme ln order to clarify chis poiat we nced to take one further step in the analysis of the clause. To decide what was the ‘unmarked’ Theme in any instance, we had (0 19 te structural functions of Subject, Complement and Adjunct; ‘hese igure in the realization of mood, the system Which activates the clause a5 an bvchange. But to decide where the Theme ends — what makes up its critical mass, sk — we have to reer 10a different system, that of transitivity. This is he system that activates the cause asa reptesentation (Chapter Jn the brie! sketch at che end of Chapter 2,1 said that, in its role a8 a repre ation, the slause Sets up a model of human experience, in terns of processes take place sround us and inside us. Now, pt imat in terms of three compovieas: the pegceas sel; the participants in ha 95 like the Actor and Goal af example 2(8(0): and any circumstantial fasi0rs suchas time or plage. The principle felevant co the thematic stricture i this the ‘Thieme always contains ons, and only one, of these experiential laments, TRS ‘icons that te Theme of a clause ends wich the fst constiugat taar is either Panicipant, cireuinstanes, of procest- Since_a pateipanc in thematic function oresponds fairly closely to what is called the “opie” a iopie~comment analysis, Une refer to dhe experiential element ia the Theme ai Iie FOPICNE HEME of a Theme having moes than one Carpenie, what the dike did wid ‘Themes, besause ey formed a single ‘We san now see why i pelated out in Section 34 above, a Subject i Complement following one of the “sharasiersie Therese el si th hems, Connie amg ees uid is ee ‘We shall no at this stage go nto the stretural roles taken On By ciccumstances and processes (transiivicy funetions suchas Actor, Goal, Timah their relations with the meod functions of Subject, Adjunit and Complement wil be followed up'in she next awa chapters. But We Shall miske mote preck= He organization ot a ‘multiple’ Theme, and suggest by itustration how the topical Theme an be Weniified. We said that a clause, in its guise asa message, ia byo-part strate con Theme + Rises te Theme alays comics fst — "Theme! sip tas now beth made more peeie: (he Theme esends from the Bei clause up (and inclu the fs Slement cle the “apical Teme Canssts of the ropaal Theme soetier ih ang le at ic rans 10 be specified exactly what con some Before ihe Kone Phe dave afeasy sted conjunctions, aad conjuetve ed modal dune faved, in Sstign 3.3, the Fate r {poveral soup. WH oma ‘roducid a the end ee 2. The Theme alayo includes 0 ‘sere lerenty Tas may be preted Dy elements Eh sem: heme ‘emains (0 specify the fill details of the ‘of the Theme (1) THETERTALEE's any combigagong Hh ca gonietvy tha oder. (0) EDD sigallers sen no, wel of rot WE ‘eponigindlilogue ors moveto te ne gees an 54) and 30), con)unetions-and WH ‘containing the felative 1s sim: “Thee fe ofthe con Adjunct occurs precedeSA Clouse os message and is thematic if preceding the topical Theme. Gi agmodal Themes Sny of the ‘modal Adjuncis ited. in. Table 33), whenever i¢ ect preseling the topical ‘Theme. (il) A-mond-arking Theme is a Finis verbal operator, if preceding the es topical Theme; OF @ WEL intetrogative (or imperative ers) when not preceded by another experieatial element (le. when funetioning simultaneously a& topial Theme). Table 47) sets out the various compionents that can enter into the structure of 7 multiple Theme. The WH. elements, relative and incetrogalive, (and also {es} differ fom the rest in that, instead of preceding the tapial Theme, they combine with i in a single constituent. Paps the mos exende thematic stuctre we could reasonably expect ofad 4 : ‘would be something like that in Figure 3-13. Needless to say, we might have to wait 3| a ‘ Zong tine fore henng on ar compe aa, Bt ie ems ome | 4 ‘modes dimensions ar epularly found in mas types of dsoute. A selection of Ooi ae arene Or ; Tee 20) Genponars sf aula Thee The aan neste | 2 1 Tene opts) a te ay excoreat opal (panicipant, creumatanes, process) } = as EP ane ce = 9.6 Clauses as Themes Up to now we have been considering Theme-Rheme purely as a structure within he cause, a sructure whose elements are therefore constituents of the clause; and basically this is what itis. Buc ar the same time we find thematie organization appearing in different guises throughout the system of the language, with mani festations both above the clause and below it Below the clause, We shall see in Chapter 6 thar both the verbal group and the A ‘nominal aroup incorporate the thematic prinejle iio theit own structure; rather Jn the way that we found co be the case with imerrogative clauses, where the initial Position of the WH. clement or the finite verb is explained on thematic grounds, ‘Above the clause, te same principe lis behind the organization of paragraphs in written discourse; the topic sentence’ of a paragraph is nothing other than its \ ‘Theme. The text that is analysed in the Appendix provides a clear example of a top “saa sentence. This i not a written text tis taken from spentaneous conversation, and = Points up the fact thatthe same phenomenon ean. occur in spoken language also.3 ae =e] tee esl [oom z Dae wee | Fig$44 Grama of mile Taco Hts we sal ane bey as Satu hai jot oe up abo te et, {inorder to tke note o hen rusia inte cual comney, The daa ‘omplex is deseribed in Chaper fo resent purpess ve sed ter irony oe ‘ype of complex structure, tat of Head (dominant sense pus Melvins tapes den) clauses Cypota’ se Section 7.2), ain ae hat ape nay fet et, na clase comple ofthis kind ite tpi sequence ofthe pars isthe on jt astra, with the Modifying dase folowing the Head eau Bu the eee der is alo posible, wih the Mociay cause peeing nd nee tat oe is used, the motive is thematic 1 say ru don’ hy ht feat ge oy, the effect iso thematize your imputed de of he apo. We angela feclng for this if we put togethers cause complex ott Hd wit elated lenin clause (the thematic equate; se Section 3.2 above, ain Figure 36, mi iiadegevonya | aie alee ire aite get virgo su |S Iai Fi.918. Hypoacte cate The wih ried arse acne oT - SSS as ee fo Toe ioe Dee = Ae ee | Fg.310 Toeneh ie alee concen thet euros of his ad, withthe coma the flowing ing Theme ond Ren, ae Eire epi i Were Ice for, thay al ma ‘Whe he uh rn he el il il of sp cons on 3 ie wb pepe i sea prov ini Beets sir ec ey oon. thapnendnaur peur iy I ase pone sno «ed sho ewe ae cee ‘evi eve be we ert ks aon son al ethane of er de wat Y's pp ad do ee “tel alcool shee oe ems "then ven ae ‘ea bth nay spd by tena bak Nee Ie aan Tact cane pte ao pea robes of saya he So a, ital thes vib «ena ruse inech af eve a ase ees h heel ten by rpemtngiasin Re cae ‘cs ete eter hem mcr wy hu head ME Caria etn? He rar sis er re ae een ‘Mio pn he Theme te ice Themes Fe Slee {2 ti a pr of he Thome of he ae compe Tear ree Sisal secs idea one orang ith poker are ow ipa of Them; ou pa of Ten, Bako Soares ‘chong hom be Orgs A Le el, ese opi ef Fae 8 the Hontook of Ameren Unon Lengugee Wet Clute! nM jue seh ei leg ven mrt how of Ame, bbls ef fata pens iy ew nheaye tof Wl fa en Here Thema, on ae eee ae ‘Goutal when + (opi) Clana Tem (oa Se Thee nh eee ep ist die aeons asa Thane, anh sth prone pasa ep it eda Cn Val pes be ft oot cof clause is expressed meta ly ee, 'srodacton 058 Clos ar espe Predict ene 13 Is ts May ts GAesomenon abt, who describing in tee bet pethas witha sight variation: corepondi Srruy Seieusecaetesdcenetin Secon )2 A caer itt ute canig the bet we asthe in ri ye yea dr nent eres ray x amma! weap for he date one B fenetioning as en iterpersonst (modal) Theme Gier eames ue? dae sor ‘oH her soon, thnk 11 go and meet er, Do pos Suppuse ht iep cote $21 ther? — heresy the gt would be ot jon, shell 1? ad could the? The els ven in Figure 317; teers, or congue, jnziton ts: shoe in vetsion (9), the metaphorical in weson Ht importants tude both, 10 povide an adeuate psc, eae Se [items Fig. #17 use a Thome resting fom gmat welphor 3 |swrnted themes! 18 one further structaral paterm that frequently contributes to the thematic ‘rea of cane sd tt tc pede a mln on he te ee eee ih es fred jean alee Aa elaest ava eps uncon te cla canbe maid off bred nn a. og rf i en ape twas the gue who tes yn da baszad Xray Ue he en seat ta aan twa ta Aad he goes af wy anc en timer cian o Sour cette a et tee Selamat ed etn gree Erma ecm crear Siac orcemieeemere Si nicponaroneeee sae eae See te ree steer cee cab rnoes Sear aieee hese conta meaninerree gararesn Sees meinen et soars fhe quae sn ay ae ‘The sce can hovever come anpwbett i the clause: would je pefety eal to make the queen he hem of eens, wii yng anything abe Te "ee tat the ‘ew? ekeen soy mapoed on 0 the Thee, ‘hiss marks cambigin, and ends thelr ob oan kash utes ho sn it, othe ll ive dele, In ede tant gli he (and nahig ee sound, the es Wa of thi pti nora a, ‘be eas is Mey the rena form mete geno, TH the tft of cen oa return thin WES Ueto ae ints unmarked pase, te ena, Sine acataton not mack i. weg, the predinon ht the aon ‘vnstion ia waten Eth of dig the tee ore the formation straure in ce iene ay. Seppose we hee the ene, Joe take dno he i he pen en ee soa see ths pe hn et ae, ‘teste les cat a bee ag el ed oe a