ACIDS AND ALKALIS

1. Acids are substances that dissolve in the water to form solutions

with the certain properties.
2. Properties of acids:
- Corrosive
- Have sour taste
- Good electrical conductors
- Turn blue litmus red
- React with alkalis to form a salt and water only
- React with alkalis to form a salt and water only
- React with some metals to produce hydrogen gas
3. Examplea of acids : citic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, carbonic
acid, malic acid, formic acid, hydrochloric acid, and lactid acid.
4. Example of alkalis: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,
calcium hydroxide, and aqueous ammonia.
5. One example of an indicator is litmus.
6. The PH scale measures how acidic or alkaline a solution is.
7. We can use universal indicator or a pH meter to measure pH
(potential hydrogen)
8. Neutralisation takes place when the right amounts of an acid and
an alkali are mixed. A neutral solution of salt and water with a p H
of 7 is formed when a strong acid is neutralized by a strong alkali.
9. Neutralization has many aplications some examples are :
- Reducing air pollution using alkalis
- Neutralising acidity in the mouth using toothpaste
- Neutralising acidity in soil and water bodies using quicklime
- Neutralising axcess stomach acid using antacids
10. Alkalis are substance that dissolve in water to form solutions
with these general properties:
- Alkalis are corrosive
- Alkalis have bitter taste
- Alkalis fell soapy and slippery
- Alkalis turn red litmus blue
- Alkalis are good electrical conductors
- Alkalis react with acid to form a salat and water only