1212812020 Frequency Analys's by Gumbel Method: Principle and Steps SIPC Frequency Analysis by Gumbel Method: Principle and Steps Article shared by Shreyasi Sen ADVERTISEMENTS: Read this article to learn about the principles and steps involved in frequency analysis by Gumbel method. Principle Of Frequency Analysis: General principle of frequency analysis can be stated as below: Asa simple method, frequencies (or probabilities), P(X > x), of the observed flood peaks could be calculated. The curve of probabilities versus flood peaks (fV;. x) is then plotted on log-probability paper and a smooth curve is fitted covering all points. By extrapolation of the curve extreme values could be obtained. ADVERTISEMENTS: Since the observed data is usually short it may not represent the population and hence we can not entirely keep reliance on the curve obtained from observed data. Now considering that recorded data constitutes a random sample of their parent population a theoretical frequency distribution suitable for the data could be fitted. hips: www. youratcllbrary comwalertrequency-analysisiroquency-analyss-by-gumbel-methoe-pinciple-and-slops/60535 19tereeaz0 Frequeny Analy by Gumbel Mead Pine and tops Once the distribution is fitted properly to the observed data extrapolation to calculate required probabilities can be easily done. The Gumbel method of frequency analysis is based on extreme value distribution and uses frequency factors developed for theoretical distribution. The method utilises general equation given for hydrologic frequency analysis which is stated as below. ADVERTISEMENTS: x=x+Ax...(0) Where x is magnitude of flood of some given probability (P) or return period (7) x is mean of floods on record Ax is departure of variate from the mean. ADVERTISEMENTS: Ax depends on dispersion characteristics, recurrence interval (T) and other statistical parameters. It can be expressed as Ax=SK where $ is standard deviation of the sample and K is frequency factor Thus, equation (i) above can be expressed as x=x+KS ADVERTISEMENTS: hips: www. youratcllbrary comwalortrequency-analysisroquency-analyss-by-gumbel-methoe-pinciple-and-slops/60535 29tereeaz0 Frequeny Analy by Gumbel Mead Pine and tops Table 5.6 gives theoretically derived values of the frequency factor if for various sample sizes and return periods. Steps Involved in Frequency Analysis: Various steps involved in frequency analysis by the Gumbel method are as follows: (i) List and arrange annual floods (x) in descending order of magnitude. (ii) Assign rank ‘m’, m = 1 for highest value and so on. ADVERTISEMENTS: (iii) Calculate return period (T) and/or probability of exceedence (P) by equations n + 1/m and m/n +1 respectively. These values together with respective flood magnitude give plotting positions. (iv) Using tabular form calculate x? and Sx and Ex?. (v) Now calculate mean x; squared mean x?; mean of squares x? and standard deviation S. (vi) From the Table 5.6 of frequency factors for Gumbel method read if values for desired return periods (7) and the available sample size. ADVERTISEMENTS: (vii) Using relation x = x + KS calculate flood values for various return periods. (viii) Using the extreme value probability paper plot the x values against respective return periods or P values and join the points to obtain the required frequency curve. hips: www. youratcllbrary comwalortrequency-analysisroquency-analyss-by-gumbel-methoe-pinciple-and-slops/60535 a91212872020 Frequency Analyss by Gumbel Method: Principle and Steps ‘Table 5.8, Frequency factors for Gumbel method Baap Return pried in years lee a [* |] 1 | 2 | 2 | 20 15 [0.967 22 | 2008 2 [oso 2ai7| 2.690 25. |o.aas 2asi | 2.614 so |o.6 2395 | 2.560 a5 |oassa 2s | 2.520 20 Joss 29 5578 33 oss 2464 so foszo aaa 55 fos 2az6 0 |o.o7 Bane es [oo aan x0 |o.207 298 x5 foctoa 2.87 5350 0 |o7ae 2377 sos 308 so | 0792 2a 5 |o70 347 109 [a.779 2.841 5201 Following problem makes the procedure clear. ADVERTISEMENTS: Problem: The annual flood series for a river is available for 21 years. The observed flood peaks are as given below. Calculate the 100 year flood using Gumbel’s method and plot the theoretical frequency curve obtained by using frequency factor and compare it with the frequency curve of observed data. hips: www. youratcllbrary comwalortrequency-analysisroquency-analyss-by-gumbel-methoe-pinciple-and-slops/60535 Year ‘Flood peak Year Flood peak (cumec) (cumec) 1982, 2960 78 7700 63 #400 4 5910 ot 4800 6 4520 65 13,120 6 9120 62 7980 "7 8240 67 5880 78 6500 68 12,010 79 8390 69 7990 80 9570 7 8780 81 11,020 a 17,950 cs 5120 R 10,820 491212872020 Frequency Analysis by Gumbel Method: Principle and Steps Solution: Following the steps mentioned above the flood data can be arranged in descending order in Table 5.7. Rank can be assigned as shown in column 3 and T, P(X > x) and xP calculated in subsequent columns, ‘Table 5.7. Flood frequency analysis by Gumbel Method (n = 21 years, period from 1962 to 1982) Annual peak] Order Plotting Positions Year | discharge (x)|_ Number Return | Probability in 100 cumec m period ‘arranged in atl m orci r= potas = < Gears) (ger cent) 4 3 é 0 52833.44 1190 2220.25 14424001 1ens.o4 1707.24 7039.21 6749.76 6334.01 5929.00 5012.64 63.68 425,00 68.18 4096.06 72 3492.81 at 51.81 96.36 90.91 95.45 Ee = 17800 Bee = 18280078 From the Table 6.7 Mean Squared mean Mean of squares Now, using equation x = x + KS and adopting values of x and $ from above and different K and T values from Table 5.6 flood flows (i.e., x Pms-" hips: www. youratcllbrary comwalortrequency-analysisroquency-analyss-by-gumbel-methoe-pinciple-and-slops/605351212872020 Frequency Analysis by Gumbel Method: Principle and Steps values) of various return periods can be calculated as shown in Table 5.8. Table 58. Flood flow in Return (00 cumec) Period T z s Kk KS x= F+KS in years (From table 5.6) @ @ @ wo (=axd | O=245 5 85.19 39.00 0.913 120.80 10 85.19 89.00 1.615 148,17 20 85.19 39.00 YHa6 50 85.19 3900 208.47 100 85.19 3200 239.97 From Table 5.8, 100 year flood comes out to be 23,397 say 23400 cumec. Using extreme value probability paper (Fig. 5.9) flood (x values) flows of column 6 from Table 5.8 are plotted against Return period (T) of column 1 of the same table. Plotted points are joined to obtain a straight line shown firm in Fig. 5.9. To compare the fitting of this line to observed data, on the same graph (x values) observed flood flows from column 2 of Table 5.7 are plotted against return period (T) values from column 4 of the same table. It may be seen that on the whole observed data fits the frequency curve satisfactorily. Hence, selected distribution is satisfactory. hips: www. youratcllbrary comwalortrequency-analysisroquency-analyss-by-gumbel-methoe-pinciple-and-slops/60535 ae1212872020 Frequency Analysis by Gumbel Method: Principle and Steps st i soot ee ‘Pon acai 1600 Cts iM ag 48 20°29 «4 Et 00D Flown Port (noo, Fig. 5:9, Etieme voll probibitty peper You May Like Sponsored Links by Tabla Famous US Lottery Now in India Pest Offense Electronic Pest Repellent and Control System Uttarakhand: The cost of a hair transplant may surprise you Hair Transplant |Search Ads Work-From-Home Jobs In The USA May Pay More Than You Think Work from home |Search Ads hips: www. youratcllbrary comwalortrequency-analysisroquency-analyss-by-gumbel-methoe-pinciple-and-slops/60535 7191212872020 Frequency Analys's by Gumbel Method: Principle and Steps Son Suddenly Dissapeared, His Dad Rented A Helicopter And Revealed The Terrible Truth Moving to Germany to Study Might be Easier Than You Think ‘The cost of dental implants in India could surprise you Online Design Courses Might Be Better than You Think Related Articles: 1. Frequency Distribution: Meaning, Steps and Other Details 2. Methods of Economic Analysis: Deductive Method and Inductive Method YOUR ARTICLE LIBRARY ‘THE NEXT GENERATION LIBRARY Before publishing your articles on this site, please read the following pages: 1. Content Guidelines 2. Prohibited Content 3. Plagiarism Prevention 4, Image Guidelines 6. Content Fitrations 6 TOS 7, Privacy Policy 8, Disclaimer 9, Copyright 10, Report a Violation lO smesulona Prony Tears hitps:www.youratcllbrary comwalertrequency-analysisroquency-analyss-by-gumbel-methoe-pinciple-and-slopsi60535 a91212872020 Frequency Analys's by Gumbel Method: Principle and Steps ADVERTISEMENTS You May Like Promoted Links Getting thi Treasure is impossible! 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