COW

Cattle, or cows and bulls, are large

domesticated cloven-hooved
herbivores. They are a prominent
modern member of the subfamily
Bovinae, are the most widespread
species of the genus Bos, and are
most commonly classified
collectively as Bos taurus.

A newborn calf's Cattle are a prey

size can vary animal and to assist
among breeds, predator detection,
but a typical calf their eyes are
weighs 25 to 45 located on the sides
kg of their head rather
than the front.
Cows were first domesticated as “all-purpose” animals, used as draft animals
and also for their milk and meat products. Regional specializations led to the
formation of a range of varieties, or breeds, that were adapted to different
climates or that were selectively bred to emphasize valuable characteristics,
such as milk or meat production.
 HORSE
horse, (Equus caballus), a hoofed herbivorous mammal of the family Equidae. It
comprises a single species, Equus caballus, whose numerous varieties are called
breeds. Before the advent of mechanized vehicles, the horse was widely used as a
draft animal, and riding on horseback was one of the chief means of
transportation.

The relationship of the horse to

humans has been unique. The horse
is a partner and friend.

A mature
male horse is
called a
stallion, the
female a Young horses are known as
mare. foals; male foals are called
colts and females fillies.
 SHEEP
Sheep, (Ovis aries), species of A sheep regurgitates its
domesticated ruminant (cud-chewing) food and chews the
mammal, raised for its meat, milk, and cud, thus enabling its
wool. The sheep is usually stockier than four separate stomach
its relative the goat (genus Capra); its compartments to
horns, when present, are more thoroughly digest the
divergent; it has scent glands in its face grasses and other
and hind feet; and the males lack the herbage that it eats.
beards of goats. Sheep usually have
short tails.

Male sheep are

called rams, the
females ewes, and
immature animals
lambs. Mature
sheep weigh from
about 35 to as
much as 180 kg
 GOAT
Male goats, called
bucks or billys,
usually have a beard.
Females are called
does or nannys, and
immature goats are
called kids. Wild
goats include the
ibex and markhor.

Domesticated goats are

descended from the pasang
(Capra aegagrus), which is
probably native to Asia, the
earliest records being
Persian. In China, Great
Britain, Europe, and North
Goat, any ruminant and hollow-horned America, the domestic goat
mammal belonging to the genus Capra. is primarily a milk producer,
Related to the sheep, the goat is lighter of with a large portion of the
build, has horns that arch backward, a short milk being used to make
tail, and straighter hair. cheese.
 PIG

Pig, wild or domestic swine, a

mammal of the Suidae family. In
Britain the term pig refers to all
domestic swine, while in the
United States it refers to younger
swine not yet ready for market
and weighing usually less than 82
kg , others being called hogs.

Pigs are stout-bodied, short-legged,

There is little difference between
omnivorous mammals, with thick
wild pigs, or boars, and domestic
skin usually sparsely coated with
swine, though the tusklike teeth of
short bristles. Their hooves have
domestic pigs are not as developed
two functional and two
as the tusks of their wild kin, who
nonfunctional digits. Domestic
use the sharp ends to forage for
North American pigs originated
roots and as a defensive weapon.
from wild stocks still found in
Wild pigs may live up to 25 years or
European, Asian, and North African
more.
forests.
 CHICKEN

Chicken, (Gallus gallus), any of more

than 60 breeds of medium-sized
poultry that are primarily descended
from the wild red jungle fowl (Gallus
gallus, family Phasianidae, order
Galliformes) of India. The chicken is
perhaps the most widely domesticated
fowl, raised worldwide for its meat and
eggs.

Chickens have a squat and

rounded appearance. They stand
less than 70 cm tall and weigh
approximately 2.6 kg on average.
Males (called cocks or roosters) Chicks are born
and females (hens) are known for covered in down, but
their fleshy combs, lobed wattles they mature quickly,
hanging below the bill, and high- becoming fully
arched tails. In some roosters, feathered after four
the tail can extend more than 30 to five weeks.
cm in length.
 DUCK
Duck, any of various species of relatively
small, short-necked, large-billed
waterfowl. In true ducks—i.e., those
classified in the subfamily Anatinae in
the waterfowl family Anatidae—the legs
are placed rearward, as in swans, rather
than forward, as in geese.

Most true ducks, including a few

inaccurately called geese (e.g.,
sheldgeese) by reason of size and build, Ducks are generally divided into
also differ from swans and true geese in three major groups, dabbling
the following characteristics: males (shallow-water), diving, and
(drakes) and females (hens or ducks) perching ducks, based on their
exhibit some degree of differentiation characteristic behaviours. The
in plumage and in call, males molt mallard, a typical dabbling duck is
twice annually, females lay large one of the most popular game
clutches of smooth-shelled rather than birds.
rough-shelled eggs, and both sexes
have overlapping scales on the skin of
the leg.
 GOOSE
Goose, any of various large heavy-bodied
waterfowl intermediate in size and build
between large ducks and swans, especially
those of the genera Anser and Branta in the bird
family Anatidae.

When angry, geese vibrate their

neck feathers; after routing an
intruder, the gander utters a
triumphant note that is echoed by
males (ganders) usually are larger his mate and young goslings.
than females (hens). The neck is
always shorter than the body.

Wild geese pair for life and associate in flocks called gaggles. Simple nests are built
on the ground. The rough-surfaced, whitish eggs are incubated for about a month
by the hen while the gander stands guard. The downy young fend for themselves
almost at once but remain with their parents during the first summer. Geese may
survive for 10–15 years in the wild and more than 30 years in captivity.
 TURKEY
Turkey, either of two species of birds
classified as members of either the
family Phasianidae or Meleagrididae

The best known is the common

turkey (Meleagris gallopavo), a
native game bird of North America
that has been widely domesticated
for the table. The other species is
Agriocharis (or Meleagris) ocellata,
the ocellated turkey. For unrelated
but similar birds, see bustard
(Australian turkey), megapode
(brush turkey), and snakebird
(water turkey).
The wild turkey prefers
woodlands near water. It eats
seeds, insects, and an
occasional frog or lizard. When
alarmed, it may run rapidly to
cover. It can fly strongly only for
short distances (about 0.4 km,
or 0.25 mile)
The male turkey, or gobbler, or tom, may be 130
cm (50 inches) long and weigh 10 kg (22
pounds), though average weight is less. Female
turkeys, or hens, generally weigh only half as
much as the males and have less warty heads
than do the males.
 CAT
Cat, (Felis catus), also called house
cat or domestic cat, domesticated
member of the family Felidae,
order Carnivora, and the smallest
member of that family.

Like all felids, domestic cats are

characterized by supple low-slung
bodies, finely molded heads, long The cat’s independent
tails that aid in balance, and personality, grace, cleanliness,
specialized teeth and claws that and subtle displays of affection
adapt them admirably to a life of have wide appeal. Typically,
active hunting. cats are creatures of habit;
they are inquisitive, but not
adventurous, and are easily
The average weight of the household cat varies from upset by sudden changes of
2.7 to 4.5 kg , although, among nonpedigreed cats, routine.
weights up to 12.7 kg are not uncommon. Average
lengths are 71.1 cm for males and 50.8 cm for females.
 DOG
COMMON NAME: Domestic dogs
SCIENTIFIC NAME: Canis familiaris
TYPE: Mammals
DIET: Omnivore
GROUP NAME: Pack
AVERAGE LIFE SPAN IN THE WILD: 12
years
Most dogs are a mix of breeds—
in 2015, one study estimated that
only 5 percent of dogs in shelters
are purebred. Just as dogs come
The term “domestic dog” refers to any of in all sizes, shapes, and colors,
several hundred breeds of dog in the world these animals also come in a
today. While these animals vary drastically spectrum of temperaments.
in appearance, every dog—from the
Chihuahua to the Great Dane—is a member
of the same species, Canis familiaris. This
separates domestic dogs from wild canines,
such as coyotes, foxes, and wolves.
All dogs descend from a species of wolf, but not the gray wolf (Canis
lupus), like many people assume. In fact, DNA evidence suggests
that the now-extinct wolf ancestor to modern dogs was Eurasian.
 DONKEY
Donkeys, also called burros and
asses, are found throughout the
world. They are members of the
Equidae family, which also
includes horses and zebras. They
look a lot like their cousins, but
have long, floppy ears and tend
to be stockier than horses or
There are three main types of Male donkeys are called jacks and
zebras.
donkeys: wild, feral and females are called jennets or jennies.
domesticated. Wild donkeys typically Donkeys are very social and usually live in
grow to around 125 centimeters a group called a herd. The herd is usually
from hoof to shoulder and weight lead by one jack and consists of several
around 250 kilograms. jennies in the wild. Some larger herds
Domesticated donkeys vary in size, have been found that include several
depending on how they are bred. males. As long as the additional males are
There are eight different types of submissive to the dominant male,
domesticated asses, according to the everything goes smoothly. Donkeys don’t
Oklahoma State University. They seem to form strong bonds, however. In
typically weigh from 180 to 225 kg the wild, herds often break up and reform
and 92 cm to 123 cm from hoof to with new members on a regular basis.
shoulder.