NAME : REICHA DWI AVRILLIANA

CLASS : XII MIPA 1

NO. ABSENT : 30

TASK (1) : MERANGKUM MATERI-MATERI YANG SUDAH DIPELAJARI

1. Self Introduction
Introduction is an expression of introduction to know one's identity, we need to introduce
ourselves to a clearer communication process with whom we talk, about what we are talking
about and other conditions. The thing you should know is about the 3 main points in conveying a
introduction :

1) Opening

Opening is the first step where you should open by saying greeting like Good Morning, Good
Afternoon, Good Evening. Example : Good morning Mr. Radi, I would like to introduce myself.

2) Main Idea

Main idea is the essence of the material to be delivered. In this case the Introduction. There are
some content that important to mention :

 Name
 Place and Date Born
 Age
 Address
 Religion   
 Tribe
 Blood Code  
 Hobby
 Family Background

3) Closing

Closing is to end the introduction. Example : I think that's enough. Thanks for your time and
your attention.
2. Narrative Text
a. Definition of Narrative Text :

Narrative text is a story with complication or problematic events and it tries to find the
resolutions to solve the problems. An important part of narrative text is the narrative
mode, the set of methods used to communicate the narrative through a process narration.

b. Purpose of Narrative Text ;

The Purpose of Narrative Text is to amuse or to entertain the reader with a story.

c. Generic Structures of Narrative Text ;

 Orientation : Sets the scene: where and when the story happened and introduces
the participants of the story: who and what is involved in the story.
 Complication : Tells the beginning of the problems which leads to the crisis
(climax) of the main participants.
 Resolution : The problem (the crisis) is resolved, either in a happy ending or in a
sad (tragic) ending
 Re-orientation/Coda : This is a closing remark to the story and it is optional. It
consists  of  a  moral  lesson,  advice  or  teaching  from  the writer

d. Language Features Of Narrative Text :

 Using action verbs. A verb that shows an action. (killed, dug, walked, etc)
 Using specific noun as pronoun of person, animal in the story. Example: The
king, the queen, etc.
 Using adjectives which are for noun phrase (Long black, hair, two red apples,
etc. )
 Using time conjunction (when, then, suddenly, etc)
 Using adverb of time (Once upun a time, one day, etc)
 Using Past Tense
 Using direct speech. It is to make the story lively.

3. News Item Text

a. Definition of News Item Text :
 News item text is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are
considered newsworthy or important.

b. Generic Structure of News Item Text :

• Main Events : it recounts the event in summary form.

• Background events : it elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstance

• Source : it contains comments by participants in, witnesses to and authorities expert

on the event.

c. Purpose of News Item Text :

News Item Text is used to inform the readers about newsworthy or important events of
the day and to present information the readers about newsworthy or important events of
the day

d. Language Features of News Item Text :

 Focusing on circumstances
 Using material process
 Using action verbs
 Using saying verbs
 Using adverb of time, adverb of place, adverb of manner.

4. Tenses
1) Simple Present Tense

Rumus : S + V1 + O

2) Present Continuous Tense

Rumus : S + am/is/are + Ving + O

3) Present Perfect Tense

Rumus :  S + have/has + V3 +O

4) Present Perfect Continuous Tense 

Rumus : S + have/has + been + Ving + O

5) Simple Past Tense

Rumus : S + V2 + O

6) Past Continuous Tense

Rumus : S + was/were + Ving + O

7) Past Perfect Tense

Rumus :  S + Had + V3 + O

8) Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus :  S + had + been + Ving + O

9) Simple Future Tense

Rumus : S + will + V1 + O

10) Future Continuous Tense

Rumus : S + will + be + Ving + O

11) Future Perfect Tense

Rumus :  S + will + have + V3 + O

12) Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus : S + will + have + been + Ving + O

13) Past Future Tense

Rumus : S + would + V1 + O

14) Past Future Continuous Tense

Rumus : S + would + be + Ving + O

15) Past Future Perfect Tense

Rumus : S + would + have + been + V3 + O

16) Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Rumus :  S + would + have + been + Ving + O

5. Passive Voice
1. Simple Present Tense

Aktif : S + do/does + V1

Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + V3 + by + O

2. Present Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + to be (am, are, is) + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + to be (am, are, is) + being + V3 + by + O

3. Present Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + have/has + V3 + O

Pasif : S + have/has + been + V3 + by + O

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + have/has + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + have/has + been + being + V3 + by + O

5. Simple Past Tense

Aktif : S + V2 + O

Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + V3 + by + O

6. Past Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + to be (was, were) + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + to be (was, were) + being + V3 + by + O

7. Past Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + had not + V3 + O

Pasif : S + had + been + V3 + by + O

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + had + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + had + been + being + V3 + by + O

9. Simple Future Tense

Aktif : S + will not + V1 + O

Pasif : S + will be + V3 + by + O

10. Future Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + will + be + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + will + be + being + V3 + by + O

11. Future Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + will + have + V3 + O

Pasif : S + will + have + been + V3 + by + O

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + will + have + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + will + have + been + being + V3 + by + O

13. Simple Future Past Tense

Aktif : S + would +  V1 + O

Pasif : S + would + be + V3 + by + O

14.   Future Past Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + would + be + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + would + be + being + V3 + by + O

15.   Future Past Perfect Tense

Aktif : S + would + have + V3 + O

Pasif : S + would + have + been + V3 + by + O

16.   Future Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Aktif : S + would + have + been + V1-ing + O

Pasif : S + would + have + been +being + V3 + by + O

6. Procedure Text
Definition of Procedure Text : Procedure text is a text that explains or helps us how to make or
use something. Its social function is to describe how something is completely done through a
sequence of steps. Text that explain how something works or how to use instruction / operation
manuals

Purpose of Procedure Text : To explain/tell (the reader) how to make/operate/do something

through a sequence of actions or steps.

Generic structure of Procedure Text :

– Aim/goal 

– Ingredients/materials

– Steps/methods

Language features of Procedure Text :

 – Using adverbial of sequence / Using temporal conjunction.

– Using command / imperative sentence

– Using adverbials (Adverbs) to express detail the time, place, manner accurate, for example,
for five minutes, 2 hours, etc.

– Using action verbs.

– Using simple present tense.

– Using numbering.

7. Recount Text
Definition of Recount Text : Recount Text is a text which retells event or experiences in the
past.

Purpose of Recount Text : To retell past experience or to entertain and inform readers.

Generic Structure of Recount Text :

 Orientation : It gives the readers the background information needed to understand the
text, such as who was involved, where it happened, and when it happened.
 Events : A series of events, ordered in a chronological sequence.
 Re-orientation : A personal comment about the event or what happened in the end.

Language features of Recount Text :

 Using the simple past tense

 Using temporal sequence
 Using the conjunctions ( before, after, then, etc )
 Using action verb

8. Descriptive Text
Definition of Descriptive Text : Descriptive Text is a text that describes a person, animal, place,
or object such as its shape, characteristics, and so on.

Purpose of Descriptive Text : To describe the characteristics of people, objects, animals,

places, and others.
Generic structure of Descriptive Text :

 Identification: (contains about the introduction of a person, place, animal or object will be
described.)
 Description: contains a description of something such as animal, things, place or person
by describing its features, forms, colors, or anything related to what the writer describe.

Language features of Descriptive Text :

 Using adjective.
 Using simple present tense.
 Using action verb.

9. Expressing of sympathy, asking for permission, and asking for

apology
Expressing of sympathy

Example dialogue :

Asking for permission

Example dialogue :
Asking for apology

Example dialogue :