11 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Disciplines and Ideas

in the Social Sciences
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Introducing the Disciplines Within
the Social Sciences: Linguistics
Subject Name – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Introducing the Disciplines Within the Social Sciences:
Linguistics
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Michelle G. Garsula
Editors: Maria Reina Mae M. Ablir and Maria Eula Pauline A. Elumir
Reviewer: Divina May S. Medez
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Richie C. Naingue
Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera
Fay C. Luarez, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D. Maricel S. Rasid
Adolf P. Aguilar, Ed.D. Elmar L. Cabrera
Nilita L. Ragay, Ed.D.
Carmelita A. Alcala, Ed.D.

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117
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 11
Disciplines and
Ideas in the
Social Sciences
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Introducing The Disciplines
Within The Social Sciences:
Linguistics
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Introducing the Disciplines Within the Social
Sciences: Linguistics!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher
or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this
also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking
into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to
encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences 11 Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Introducing the Disciplines Within the Social
Sciences: Linguistics!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while
being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

What I Need to Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
What I Know
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you link
What’s In the current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

What’s New introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
What is It lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
What’s More
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.
This includes questions or blank
What I Have Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will
What I Can Do help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

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 This is a task which aims to evaluate your
Assessment level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given
Additional Activities to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part
of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that
you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful

learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You
can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY:

Explain the major events of Economics and its contribution that led to emergence
of the social science disciplines.

INTRODUCING THE DISCIPLINES

MODULE WITHIN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES:
LINGUISTICS

Social science history is dedicated to the study of social theory within an

empirical historical context.

What is Social Science?

Social Science, is a discipline or branch of Science that deals with human

behavior, in its social and cultural aspects. Social Science includes Cultural (or Social)
Anthropology, Sociology, Social Psychology, Political Science, Geography,
Demography, Linguistics, History and Economics. Social and Economic Geography,
and those areas of education that deal with social context of learning and the relation
of the school to the social order, are also frequently included.

The term “Social Science” did not appear until the 19th century, when Social
Sciences began to be recognized as distinct disciplines. However, the origins of their
ideas and goals go back further in time.

The module has the following lesson, namely;

• Lesson 1 – Linguistics Subfields and Branches

Each lesson has the following:

• Introduction/Learning Objectives
• Lesson Exploration
• Lesson Activity
• Task/Motivational Task

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 How do you use this Module?

In this module, you are required to go through a series of

learning activities in order to complete each learning outcome.

To get the most from this Module, you need to do the following:

1. Begin by reading and understanding the Most Essential Learning

Competencies and Learning Objectives. These will tell you what you should
know and be able to do at the end of every lesson.

2. Find out what you already know by taking the Pre-test then check your
answer against the Answer Key. If you get 100% correct in the pre-
assessment, skip the lesson. This means that you need not go through the
Lesson because you already know what it is all about. But if not, and you
only get 50% to 99% correct, then proceed with the lesson.

3. Do the required Learning Activities. They begin with mini lessons. The mini-
lesson contains important notes or basic information that you need to know.
After reading and understanding the mini-lesson, test yourself on how much
you learned by answering the varied activities. Refer to the Answer Key for
correction. Do not hesitate to go back to the lesson when you do not get
all test items correctly. This will ensure your mastery of basic information.

4. It is not enough that you acquire content or information. You must be able
to demonstrate what you learned by doing the activity in “What I Can Do”.
In other words, you must be able to apply what you have learned in real life.

5. To test how well you performed, accomplish the scoring rubrics.

6. Finally, answer the Post Assessment to test and measure the learnings you
have acquired in the lesson.

Each Lesson also provides you with glossary and references for your guide.

Enjoy and happy learning!

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 INTRODUCING THE DISCIPLINES
MODULE WITHIN THE SOCIAL
SCIENCES: LINGUISTICS

Content Standard
The learners demonstrate an understanding of the emergence of
WHAT I the Social Sciences and the different disciplines
NEED TO
KNOW? Performance Standard
The learners shall be able to connect the disciplines with their
historical and social foundations

Learning Competency MELCS-Page609-DISS (Week 3-4)

Explain the major events and its contribution that led to the emergence of the social
science disciplines

Learning Objectives

At the end of the module you should be able to:

Knowledge: Define and identify the connection and traces of historical foundations,
social context and social foundation that led to the development of
social science discipline.

Skills: Demonstrate an understanding of the role of social science discipline in the

real world by:

a.) Comparing and contrasting the social science disciplines according to their
fields, main, areas of inquiry and method.

b.) recognizing multidisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary approach in looking at

society.

Attitude: Understand how each discipline’s historical foundation and its emergence
or discovery is important to the current society.

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 What I Know

I. Multiple Choice. Read each item carefully, and write the letter of the correct answer
in your notebook.

___1. This is the study of the formation of sentences.

a. Phonetics c. Morphology
b. Phonology d. Syntax

___2. A subfield of Linguistics which focuses on the study of meaning.

a. Pragmatic c. Semantics
b. Morphology d. Syntax

___3. This is the study of language use.

a. Phonology c. Pragmatics
b. Syntax d. Sociolinguistics

___4. The study of mental faculties involved in the perception, production and
acquisition of language.
a. Psycholinguistics c. Applied Linguistics
b. Dialectology d. Sociolinguistics

___5. This is the study of speech sounds in their physical aspects.

a. Phonology c. Semantics
b. Morphology d. Phonetics

___6. The study of speech sounds in their cognitive aspects.

a. Phonology c. Semantics
b. Morphology d. Phonetics

___7. This is the study of the formation of words.

a. Syntax c. Semantics
b. Morphology d. Phonology

___8. The study of linguistic behavior which is determined by sociocultural factors.

a. Applied Linguistics c. Sociolinguistics
b. Historical-comparative Linguistics d. Psycholinguistics

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___9. Branch of Linguistics in which techniques of Computer Science are applied to
analyze and synthesize language and speech.
a. Historical-comparative Linguistics c. Applied Linguistics
b. Computational Linguistics d. Dialectology

___10. A form of language that is spoken in a particular area and that uses some of
its own words, grammar and pronunciation.
a. Phonetics c. Dialectology
b. Phonology d. Historical-comparative Linguistics

What’s In

Social Sciences comprise various disciplines and some of these, like

Anthropology, Economics, Geography, History, Linguistics, Political Science,
Psychology, Sociology and Demography, were already discussed in the previous
module (Module 3).

Each discipline has its own specialty and focuses on their own respective fields:
• Anthropology focuses on the physical and cultural development of humans and
their societies.
• Economics focuses on the production, distribution and consumption of
resources, goods and services among individuals and groups within a society.
• Geography focuses on the distribution of features of the physical environment
and of the people who use the features.
• History studies the chronological record of events, based on a critical
examination of the source of materials and usually presents an explanation of
their causes.
• Linguistics studies the nature of language, its description, origin, structure and
its impact to one’s culture.
• Political Science is the study of politics, power, and government.
• Psychology focuses on the behavior and thought processes of the individual,
and the ways in which an individual acts and reacts to other humans and to
society.
• Sociology focuses on the relationships among humans and groups living
together in societies.
• Demography focuses on the understanding the mechanisms behind the human
population.

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 What’s New

SUBFIELDS AND BRANCHES

LESSON 1 OF LINGUISTICS

What is Linguistics?

Linguistics is generally considered as a social science, a natural science or a

cognitive science. It is the study of language and its structure, including the study of
morphology, syntax, phonetics, phonology and semantic. Specific branches of
linguistics include sociolinguistics, dialectology, psycholinguistics, computational
linguistics, historical-comparative linguistics and applied linguistics.

What is language?
Language is a collection of symbols, letters, words with arbitrary meanings,
governed by rules and used to communicate.

Task 2: Picture Prompt

What can you say about the picture below? Write your answers in your activity
notebook, then answer the question below.

https://farm1.static.flickr.com/189/524742931_e1a1ff59f8.jpg

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• Can you think of words that are used in your local dialect, that is also used by other
dialects? Write at least three words in your activity notebook. Use the example
below as your guide.
Example: Bisaya word: Sabot (to Plan)
Hiligaynon word: Sabot (Pubic Hair)

What are the subfields and branches of Linguistics?

Linguistics that deals with the structure of language is divided into a number of
subfields:

Phonology
It is the study of systematic organization of sounds (including stress and
annotations) in so far as they are invested with significance in a particular language.
In other words, it is the study of speech sounds in their cognitive aspects.

Phonetics
The analysis of speech-sounds in physiological and acoustic terms is called
phonetics. It is the study of speech sound in their physical aspects.

Phonology vs. Phonetics

Phonetics deals with the production of speech sounds by humans, often
without prior knowledge of the language being spoken. Phonology deals with the
different patterns of sounds in different languages, or within each language, different
patterns of sounds in different positions in words, etc.

Syntax
It is the study of structures and their relations that the combinatorial processes
of a particular language permits, it is also a study of possible universal constraints on
combinatorial systems in language. In short, it is the study of the formation of
sentences.
Syntax also refers to the rules and principles that govern sentence structures
in language. For example, how words and phrases maybe joined. Though linguists
have looked for syntactical rules that are universal in every language, it is now clear
that there is no “natural way” to express a thought. Syntax varies widely in different
languages.

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Morphology
Morphology is the study of the formation of words. It seeks to determine the
base units of meaning within a given language. A morpheme is the smallest unit of
language which is individually meaningful. While sounds may distinguish words
through minimal pairs, they are not expressly responsible for the meaning of the word.
Morphemes may be sub-divided into free and bound morphemes.

Pragmatics
Pragmatics is the subfield of Linguistics and Semiotics that studies the ways in
which context contributes to meaning. It is the study of linguistic signs, words and
sentences in an actual situation. It also refers to the study of language use.
Pragmatics looks beyond the literal meaning of an utterance and considers how
meaning is constructed as well as focusing on implied meanings. It considers
language as an instrument of interaction, what people mean when they use the
language, and how we communicate and understand each other.

Example
Can you pass the salt?
Literal Meaning: ‘Are you physically able to do this task?’
Literal response: “Yes”
Pragmatic Meaning: ‘Will you pass me the salt?’
Pragmatic Response: pass the salt to the speaker

What time do you call this?

Literal meaning: what time is it?
Literal response: A time (e.g. twenty to one)
Pragmatic meaning: a different question entirely e.g. Why are you so late?
Pragmatic response: Explain the reason for being late.

Semantics
Semantics is the subfield of Linguistics which focuses on the study of meaning.
It tries to understand why meaning is an element in language and how it is constructed
by language as well as interpreted, obscured and negotiated by speakers and listeners
of the language.
It is closely linked with other subfield of Linguistics, such as Pragmatics, which
is the study of meaning in context. However, unlike Pragmatics, Semantics is highly a
theoretical research perspective, looks at meaning in language isolation, and the
language itself; whereas Pragmatics is a more practical subject and is interested in
the meaning of the language in use.

Example
A toy block could be called a block, a cube, a toy.
A child could be called a child, a kid, boy, girl, son and daughter.

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The word ‘run’ has many meanings – physically running, depart or go (I have to run)
spent (it has run its course) or even a snag in a pair of hose (a run in my nose)

What are the branches of Linguistics?

Linguists also study the way language is used and this can be a very broad
range of subjects, since language enters almost every area of human activity. This
includes: Psycholinguistics (the psychology of language acquisition and use);
Historical Linguistics and the history of languages; Applied Linguistics (using
linguistics knowledge to help in real world situations like language teaching);
Sociolinguistics, varieties of English, Discourse Analysis and Conversation Analysis
(language use in social contexts) and Stylistics (the use of different styles in language).

Aside from historical structure, other perspectives on language are represented

in specialized or interdisciplinary branches. These are:

Historical-comparative Linguistics – this is concerned with comparing

languages in order to establish their historical relatedness.

Dialectology – a form of language that is spoken in a particular area and that

uses some of its own words, grammar and pronunciation.

Computational Linguistics – the branch of Linguistics wherein techniques in

Computer Science are applied to the analysis and synthesis of language and
speech.

Sociolinguistics – the study of linguistic behavior and is determined by

sociocultural factors.

Psycholinguistics – the study of mental faculties involved in the perception,

production and acquisition of language.

Applied Linguistics – an interdisciplinary field of Linguistics that identifies,

investigates and offers solution to language-related real-life problems.

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 What is It

In your activity notebook, write down a two-paragraph summary of the

lesson about the subfields of Linguistics.

What’s More

Activity 1: What have I learned so far?

Directions: Read and answer the statements below.

Write your answers in your activity notebook.

1. Cite five (5) Filipino words that are used in Hippie, Jejemon, gay lingo and text
language.

Example: Nanay – Ermats (hippie)

Hanayhhzz (Jejemon)
mudra (gay lingo)
nnay (text)
2. Use these words in a sentence. You can only use one type (Hippie, Jejemon,
Gay Lingo, Text) in each number.

Hippie Jejemon Gay Lingo Text Sentence

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

3. What are the interdisciplinary branches of Linguistics?

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 What I Have Learned

As a student, how do you use language appropriately in your daily

conversations? Write your answers in your activity notebook.

What I Can Do

Task 1: How many local Languages do you speak?

1. Write at least three (3) local Language words with its corresponding dialect.
2. Provide its Filipino translation on the column provided below.
3. Write the translation of that word in English.
4. Complete the table below with your answers. Write your answers in your activity
notebook.
5. Use the example below as your guide.

Example:

Word (in your local Dialect Filipino (translation) English (translation)

Language)
1. langgam Cebuano ibon bird

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 Assessment

Directions: Read each item below and write the letter of the correct answer in your
activity notebook.

___1. The study of the formation of sentences.

a. Phonetics c. Morphology
b. Phonology d. Syntax

___2. A subfield of Linguistics which focuses on the study of meaning.

a. Pragmatic c. Semantics
b. Morphology d. Syntax

___3. This is the study of language use.

a. Phonology c. Pragmatics
b. Syntax d. Sociolinguistics

___4. This the study of the mental faculties involved in the perception, production and
acquisition of language.
a. Psycholinguistics c. Applied Linguistics
b. Dialectology d. Sociolinguistics

___5. This is the study of speech sounds in their physical aspects.

a. Phonology c. Semantics
b. Morphology d. Phonetics

___6. This is the study of speech sounds in their cognitive aspects.

a. Phonology c. Semantics
b. Morphology d. Phonetics

___7. This is the study of the formation of words.

a. Syntax c. Semantics
b. Morphology d. Phonology

___8. The study of linguistic behavior which is determined by sociocultural factors.

a. Applied Linguistics c. Sociolinguistics
b. Historical-comparative Linguistics d. Psycholinguistics

___9. . Branch of Linguistics in which techniques of Computer Science are applied to

analyze and synthesize language and speech.
a. Historical-comparative Linguistics c. Applied Linguistics
b. Computational Linguistics d. Dialectology

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___10. A form of language that is spoken in a particular area and that uses some of
its own words, grammar and pronunciation.

a. Phonetics c. Dialectology
b. Phonology d. Historical-comparative Linguistics

Glossary
The following terms used in this module are defined as follows:

Dialectology – a form of language that is spoken in particular area and that uses
some of its own words, grammar and pronunciation.
Morpheme – it is the smallest unit of language which is individually meaningful.

Phonology – a linguist means the study of systematic organization of sounds

(including stress and annotations) in so far as they are invested with
significance in particular language.
Pragmatic – it is the study of linguistic signs, words and sentences in actual situation.
Semantic – it is the subfield of linguistics which focuses on the study of meaning.

Syntax – a linguist means both the study of structures and their relations that the
combinatorial processes of particular language permit, and a study of possibly
universal constraints on combinatorial systems in language.

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 14
PRE-TEST & POST TEST ACTIVITY 1
I.1.D 1. ANSWERS MAY VARY
2.C 2. ANSWERS MAY VARY
3.C 3. (IN ANY ORDER)
4.A -HISTORICAL-COMPARATIVE
5.D LINGUISTICS
6.A -DIALECTOLOGY
7.B -COMPUTATIONAL
8.C LINGUISTICS
9.B -SOCIO LINGUISTICS
10.C -PSYCHOLINGUISTICS
-APPLIED LINGUISTICS
TASK 1 TASK 5
ANSWER MAY VARY ANSWERS MAY VARY
TASK 2 TASK 4
ANSWER MAY VARY 1. BEACH – BEACHES
MOUNTAIN –MOUNTAINS
2. CELLPHONE –
CELLPHONES
TASK 3
(OTHER CHOICES MAY
VARY)
ANSWERS MAY VARY
3. DOG – DOGS (OTHER
CHOICES MAY VARY)
4. PEN – PENS / PENCIL –
TASK 6
PENCILS
5. MYSTERY – MYSTERIES
ANSWERS MAY VARY
(OTHER CHOICES MAY
VARY)
Answer Key
References
Alvis, Michael. “What Are Some Morphology Examples? - Quora.” Accessed August
14, 2020. https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-morphology-examples.

Coleman, John. “Phonetics vs. Phonology.” Phonetics Laboratory of Oxford

University. Last modified Year 2001.
http://www.phon.ox.ac.uk/Jcoleman/PHONOLOGY1

Crystal, David. “Linguistics and the Social Sciences”. Davidcrystal. Reprinted in

Sociolinguistic Newsletter (October 1973), 1-22
http://www.davidcrystal.com/?fileid=-4909

Literary Devices. “Syntax Examples and Definition - Literary Devices,” October 13,
2014. http://www.literarydevices.com/syntax.

Ramos, Argie. “LINGUISTIC - DISCIPLINE AND IDEAS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCE.”

SlideShare Android. Accessed August 14, 2020.
https://www.slideshare.net/ArgieRamos/linguistic-discipline-and-ideas-in-the-
social-science.

https://www.slideshare.net/AngeloDelossantos/social-science-disciplines-inquiry-
methods-of-research-and-history?qid=d026a846-1d96-4ef7-a04f-
df437f0abd55&v=&b=&from_search=2

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental

Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental

Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117

Email Address: negros.oriental@deped.gov.ph
Website: lrmds.depednodis.net