Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • MPA 13 English July 2021 January 2022

    Uploaded by

    Nitish Kr Yadav
    14 views24 pages
    Public Administration Book for Public systems management IGNOU

    Original Title

    MPA-13-English-July-2021-January-2022

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    Public Administration Book for Public systems management IGNOU

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    14 views24 pages

    MPA 13 English July 2021 January 2022

    Uploaded by

    Nitish Kr Yadav
    Public Administration Book for Public systems management IGNOU

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 24
    © Copyright with gullbaba.com only. Not for resale This assignment consists of Sections I and II. There are five question: to answer a total of five questions in about 500 words each. MPA-013: PUBLIC SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT Assignment (TMA) 9350849407 Course Code: MPA-013 Assigument Code: MPA-13/Asst/TMA/July 2021- January 2022 two questions from each section. Each question carries 20 marks, ny 2) 3) 4) 3) 6) yn 8) %» SECTIO! Marks: 100 each section. You have It is necessary to attempt at least Highlight the differences between bureaucratic:system nd public systems management, 20 Discuss any four Constitutiosial authorities in-India which ase playing an important role in public systems management. Examine the various s6cial fabtors thal detefmine the énvironine Analyse the role of new technologies in piblié sybtems management, Describe the role offjudiciary in governance, SECTION-IT Briefly discuss the important approaches to budgeting. Write a note on the principlés.and technigfi€9of total quality mayfagement. ‘Trace the evolution of managemehtt information system and examine its structure. Discuss the concept, objectives, and 8ssefiials of work measurement. 10) Examine the theoretical frameworks aiid’ models of change management, 1 Read GPH Help Book for IGNOU Exam 20 Of public systems. 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 © Copyright with gullybaba.com only. Not for resale 9360849407 ASSIGNMENT REFERENCE MATRIAL (2021-22) MPA-13 PUBLIC SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT SECTION. Ql) Highlight the differences between bureaucratic system and public systems management. ‘Ans ~ Bureaucracy: The origin of the term ‘bureaucracy’ may be derived from the French word ‘bureau’, which means a_writing table. Thus; bureaucracy, simply means ‘desk government’. Bureaucracy maybe used irhthe’sease'of wtype of administrative organisation, or government by civil servants fo? their own aggrandiseientt or just plain professional civil service. In the last sense, bureaucracy is indispensable to'moderm government, and functions both under the public andl private managements. To Willoughby,Bureaucracy is just one of the three main types“Of personel systems, Viz ‘the ‘Bureaucratic (as in Prussia), the Aristocratic (as in pre-1914 Britain); andith® Déniogtatic (asin the U.S.A.). Public Systems Management and Bureaucratic System: The traditional public administrative model or.in other words-traditiottal bureaucratic system is based on Weberian bureaucratié theory: The Webetian paradigm has dominated public administration since its inception despite varied criticisms against it, Bureaucratic hierarchy and centralisation of authority has'Iong been a subject of criticistn in organisational literature. ‘The inadequacies of the bureaucratié systemy to meet, the demahds of new public services delivery have led to New Public \Manageiiest-(NPM) approach, as a citizen-centric administrative reform that has enterged inr‘Countries across the world during the eighties and nineties of the last century. ‘The approach-has~become anew paradigm of public administration. According to David Osbome and Ted Gaebler; the essence of the new public management has called for a cultural shift away from-bureaucratic government towards an entrepreneurial government. NPM has changed the focus of government from process to results. NPM objectives are operationalised through public systems management. The following table shows the differences between traditional bureaucratic system and public systems management: 2 Read GPH Help Book for IGNOU Exam © Copyright with gullybaba.com only. Not for resale 9350849407 Bureaucratic System Public Systems Management | 1 [Public service is considered an _ | Public service is considered as exclusive task performed by the | a collaborative exercise government involving government, NGOs and private firms, etc. 2 [Citizen avoiding and secrecy in| Citizen-friendly, transparent governmental business and accountable 3__| Public-private distinction _| Public-private partnership 4 | Rigid, rule-bound and hierarchic | Flexible organisational design model and practices model 3__[ Process accountability Result accountability |_| Anonymous bureaucracy ‘Accountable bureaucracy 7_| Structure-oriented People-oriented 8 | Emphasis on rationalityan Eniphasis on bounded decision-making process ratiohdlity in decision-making FOES 9 | Adoption fcentralised:strategy. | Adoption of decentralised strategy 10 | Authoritative approach Participatory approach 11 | Politics - administration Politics-administration dichotomy confluence 12 | Focus on structures and Focus on:pétformance and rocesses| results The above Table has revealed how PSM ig,distinct from traditionél bureaucratic system in performing governmental Yunctidns. The operatioltal model of new public management has Introduced revolutionary change in the mantagement-of public affairs, a new entrepreneurial, and user-oriented culture. Since. publidsdministration in the’ present times, has become complex, PSM needs to work with broad-based networks'to provide efficient public services to citizen, Q2) Discuss any four Constitutional authorities in India which are playing an important role in public systems management. Ans:- The Constitution of India has different provisions, for creation of various authorities and commissions. These institutions and bodies have been playing an important role in public systems management. The Constitution contains provisions to enable them to function independently and impartially and to remain uninfluenced by the executive. These institutions display in their behaviour and functioning complete objectivity and independence. The Constitution of India enumerates the following authorities and commissions: 1) The Comptroller and Auditor General (Articles 148-157) 2) The Election Commission (Articles 324). 3) The Union Public Service Commission (Article 315-323) 3 Read GPH Help Book for IGNOU Exam © Copyright with gullybaba.com only. Not for resale 9350849407 4) The Attorney General of India (Article 76) 5) National Commission for Scheduled Castes (Article 338) 6) National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (Article 338 A) 7) Commission for Linguistic Minorities in India (Article 350 B) 8) The Finance Commission (Article 280-1). 9) The Official Language Commission (Article 344). 10) The Committee of Parliament to Examine the Report of the Language Commission (Article 344(4)). 11) The State Public Service ENOU'ASSG 323), 23) The Advocate-General ashe 24) Administrative Teil BE SUCCESSFULL 25) State Finance Commiésion ——— FASTER —— 26) The Civil Services Commissioners of Audi ie act, the Comptroller and Auditor General continued to authorise th ents and was given the new task of alls to P 1960s. In Indian democracy, the difor General (C & AG) occupies a unique place. It was created by the Constitution Act;-1950..It-is-a"Constitutional authority responsible to conduct the audit of the financial transactions of the union and state governments and union territories. The President appoints the C&AG by warrant under his hand and seal. The term of office is six years or until he /she attains the age of 65 years whichever is earlier. The C&AG can be removed from office only on two grounds, viz., proved misbehaviour or incapacity. ‘The removal procedure is very complex and serves as an effective safeguard against executive interference. The salary and allowances of the C&AG shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India. The duties and powers of the Comptroller and Auditor General of7 India are prescribed by an ‘Act of the Parliament called the Comptroller and Auditor General’s (Duties, Powers and Conditions of Service) Act, 1971. 4 Read GPH Help Book for IGNOU Exam © Copyright with gullybaba.com only. Not for resale 9350849407 The C&AG performs the following audit functions: * Audit all transactions of the union and of the states relating to Contingency Fund, and Public Accounts. + _ Audit all trading, manufacturing, profit and oss accounts and balance sheets and other subsidiary accounts kept in any department of the union or of a state; and in each case to Teport on the expenditure, transactions or accounts so audited, * Audit receipts and expenditure of bodies or authorities substantially financed from union or state revenues, Gi) Attorney General of India ~The Attomey General of India is the Indian government's chief legal advisor, and its primary lawyer in the Supreme Court of India. ‘The Attomey General is appointed” by Ofvindia under Article 76(1) of the Constitution of India and holds, aT aS thé right of audience in all Courts liament, though not to ral appears on behalf 6f Government of Indja in all cases(including Suits, appeals and othe proceedings) in the Supreme Court in wich Government of India is concemed. é <, ; : \vEBetgent of India upon such canis jets may be referred or ‘was set up in 1926. i sisted of four mefhbers in addition to the chairman appointed by th&Secretary also provided for the setting, up of §\Publte Service Commissfon-for the federation and a Public Service Commission preach hy twWo ormore provinces could agree to have a Joint Public ServieeColtimission. Witb-#tis Act coming into effect in 1937, the Public Service Commission Was rewamed-as"the Fedéral Public Service Commission. With the enactment of the Constitution of India) im26th January, 1950, the Federal Public Service Commission came to be known as.the Union Public Service Commission. Article 315 of the Constitution provides that there shall be a Public Service Commission for the union and a Public Service Commission for each state, Two or mote states may agree that there shall be one Public Service Commission for that group of states if a resolution to that effect is passed by the Legislature, Then Parliament may by law provide for the appointment of a Joint State Public Service Commission to serve the needs of those states. Article 316 empowers the President of India to appoint the chairman and other members of the Commission, However, the Constitution did not prescribe the size of the membership of the Commission. Normally, the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) consists of 6 to 8 members. iv) The Official Lan guage Commission — The Constitution makes a provision under Article 344 for setting up of a Commission on Official Languages. The President of India was empowered to appoint _such_a_Commission, five years after the commencement of the Constitution and thereafter at the expiration of ten years from such commencement. The Commission is composed of a Chaitman and such members representing the different 5 Read GPH Help Book for IGNOU Exam © Copyright with gullybaba.com only. Not for resale 9360849407 Janguages specified in the Eighth Schedule. The President appoints the Chairman and members. ‘The Official Language Commission exercises the following functions. The Commission is to recommend to the President: 4) The progress of the use of the Hindi language for the official purposes of the Union. b) The restriction on the use of the English language for all or any of the Official purposes of the Union. ©) The form of numerals to be used for any one or more specified purposes of the Union. 4) Any other matter referred to the Commission by the President as regards the Official Janguage of the Union and the language. forthe Commission between the Union and a State or between one State and another ae SA Ss = Q3) Examine the variouscs¥e systems. @ BE SUCCESSFULL ‘Ans — Public systéms Gt ¢/country a fn Ys socio systems. For the eeatih of a aTeevOy Stems tana; operational efficiency, a/detailed knowledge’6f the socio-cultural any economic environment Ived ‘way of collective living’ embracing all askects of Social lif and/ attitudes, art and influence the style\and.-s ce OS living/ A-country's political life, constitutional laws, and istrative -siles“aind result and/relations are greatly influenced by its societal traditions yeultur® and values, Therefore, a suitable social cilture plays an’ imnportint role“in the sound management (or otherwise) of any public system. In'the-Indian, situation, public systems management needs thus to be related to India’s societal context with special reference to the roles of religion, caste, and women, family, and rural urban interface. Religion ;- india is a country of continental dimensions. It has a multi-ethnic society. It believes in the principle of unity in diversity. Equal respect for all religions is a positive aspect of Indian society. But the emergence of communal parties and organisations has often contributed to mounting tensions disturbing the peace and tranquility of the nation. Occasional eruptions of communal disharmony test the strength of the public systems in maintaining law and order and social harmony among the religious groups. A great amount of ‘administrative energy is spent to check undesirable communal activities in some parts of the country. Caste :- India has historically evolved as a pluralistic society vertically clustered into myriad castes and sub-castes. Caste system is the most important feature of Indian social life. Caste 6 Read GPH Help Book for IGNOU Exam © Copyright with gullybaba.com only. Not for resale 9350849407 regulates the social behaviour of the people. It has been a dominant factor in Indian society from centuries. After independence, this factor has assumed an important political role. In ‘many states, it has permeated politics and elections, formation of political parties, and even Public appointments and general administrative affairs. Language :- India is characterised by linguistic diversity. It is varied with over 1600 Tanguages and dialects. Three fourths of the population in India speak languages which descend from Sanskrit. These include Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kashmiri, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Sindhi and Urdu, All these languages enjoy official status. Nearly one fourth of the Indians speak languages belonging to the Dravidian family which comprise Kannada, Malayalam, Tamil and Telugu. According to statistics, there are additional languages grouped in several clusters that account for less than 5 per cent of the population. The Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution (Articles 344 (1) and 351), provides for twenty two languages. Linguistic diversity in India has far reaching political repercussions, in the formation of different states and emergence of regional political.parties. Loint Family System :- In. all considered to be one of the, Unit. Joint family system was re, the other two pillars being caste and self-su ige community. In this he, head of the family is usually the father or se i ley ly is expected to obey the head of the familyEyéryone of the coca Ee ordinate to the larger interests of the family grodp. Ect one i G16 sama the adit and honour of the family. ‘otlomic development of a have been dependent radually changing, Women :- Women have always been an integral part of the socigcec society. Generally, woften have'been minaging household cobs a on the male folk of the family for'their sustenance but this sitiltion is, / xr more opportunities for iting social evils such as fen-properly implemented in fde:evonomic independence to ‘Women at present are ddnanding Weir emangigion and agitating independent functioning child marriage, sati and do. most of the cases. It is the Growing Violence :- Growinig.violence’ has

    You might also like