PHOTOSYNTHESIS CELLULAR RESPIRATION

● Anabolic ● Catabolic

● Equation: ● Equation:
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy

○ Energy in the form of light ○ Energy in the form of ATP

○ CO2 is from cellular respiration ○ O2 is from photosynthesis

● Reactants: Carbon dioxide & Water ● Reactants: Glucose & Oxygen

● Products: Glucose & Oxygen ● Products: Carbon dioxide & Water

● Captures energy from sunlight & ● Captures energy from glucose &
releases energy in the form of glucose releases energy in the form of ATP

● Used ONLY in plant cells ● Used in ALL eukaryotes (primarily

animal)
● Occurs ONLY in organisms that make
their own food (autotrophs) ● Occurs in all living cells of an alive
organism (autotrophs & heterotrophs)
● Occurs in the chloroplast
○ Light rxn: thylakoid ● Occurs in the cytoplasm &
○ Dark rxn: stroma mitochondria
○ Glycolysis: cytoplasm
● Steps: ○ Krebs Cycle: matrix
○ ETC: inner membrane
○ Light-dependent reactions ● Steps:
■ Photolysis
(breakdown of H2O)
○ Calvin Cycle ○ Glycolysis
(Light-independent reactions) ○ Krebs Cycle
○ Oxidative Phosphorylation
● Factors affecting the rate of ■ Electron Transport
photosynthesis: Chain (ETC)
○ Water ■ Chemiosmosis
○ Temperature
○ Light intensity ● Factors affecting cellular respiration:
○ Temperature
● Final Electron Acceptor: NADP+ ○ Molecular Oxygen
○ Carbon dioxide concentration
○ State of hydration
○ Age & Type of tissues

● Final Electron Acceptor: O2

 PHOTOSYNTHESIS:
6 turns of Calvin cycle + 18 ATP + 12 NADPH
= 1 glucose

also
6 CO2 = 2 G3P (Calvin cycle) = 1 glucose

CELLULAR RESPIRATION:
1 glucose = 2 pyruvate; 2 acetyl CoA; 36 ATP

also
1 glucose = 6 H2O & 6 CO2

CHLOROPLAST MITOCHONDRIA

● Site for photosynthesis ● Site for cellular respiration

● Found in plant and algae cells ● Found in all aerobic eukaryotic cells

● Foldings in inner membrane form ● Foldings in inner membrane form

stromules cristae

● Convert light energy (photons) into ● Convert glucose into chemical energy
glucose (ATP)

● 2 compartments: thylakoid & stroma ● 2 compartments: cristae & matrix

● Pigments are present ● No pigments are present

● Use CO2 and H2O to build glucose ● Break down glucose to CO2 and H2O

● Uses light energy ● Produces chemical energy

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

PHOTOSYSTEM 1 PHOTOSYSTEM 2

● Location: outer surface of the ● Location: inner surface of the

thylakoid membrane thylakoid membrane

● Photocenter is P700 ● Photocenter is P680

● Pigments absorb longer wavelengths ● Pigments absorb shorter wavelengths

of light (≈700) of light (≈680)
○ Accepts lower energy ○ Accepts higher energy

● Involved in BOTH cyclic and ● Involved ONLY in non-cyclic

non-cyclic photophosphorylation photophosphorylation
● No photolysis of water occurs
● Main function is ATP synthesis
LIGHT RXN
● Takes place in the thylakoid
membranes
● Convert light energy to ATP and
NADPH
● Split H2O and release O2
C4
● Found in hot and moist environments
● 15% of plants
● Divides photosynthesis spatially:
Mesophyll cells & Bundle sheath
● Light rxn: mesophyll cells
● Dark rxn: bundle sheath
● Malate as Malic acid is the source of
CO2
● Pathway:
○ PEP accepts CO2
○ PEP + CO2 = Oxaloacetate
○ Oxaloacetate → Malate
○ Malate moves to bundle
sheath & releases CO2
○ RuBP accepts CO2
○ Calvin cycle occurs
C3
● Found in hot and moist environments
● 80% of plants
● Dark rxn: spongy mesophyll cells
● Photolysis of water occurs
● Main function is O2, ATP, & NADPH
synthesis
DARK RXN
● Takes place in the stroma
● Use ATP and NADPH to convert CO 2
to the sugar G3P
● Return ADP, P(i), & NADP + to the light
rxn
CAM
● Found in hot, dry, and very cold
environments
● 5% of plants
● Separate photosynthesis in time:
Night & Day
● Light rxn: during the day
● Dark rxn: when CO2 is present
● Malate as Malic acid is the source of
CO2
● Pathway:
○ Stomata open at night & CO2
enters
○ CO2 → Malate → Malic acid
○ Stomata close at day & CO2 is
released from Malic acid
○ RuBP accepts CO2
○ Calvin cycle occurs