1. ______________________________ Agreeing 2. ______________________________ Expressing a strong opinion Expressing complete agreement In my opinion, … In my view, … Exactly! In my reckoning, … Precisely! I strongly believe in … Totally! I definitely think that … Absolutely! Well, if you ask me, … That’s right! Well, I think … Correct! I believe You’re right! I strongly believe You’re so right! I have a reason to believe That’s so true! I’m sure that… I couldn’t agree with you more! I’m pretty sure that… I’m with you on that That’s just what I was thinking! Expressing a strong value ( It’s / They’re + value That’s exactly what I think. adjective) That’s a good point. That’s just how I see it. It’s a nonsense to … My feelings exactly. ... It’s a scandal, because … I’ll say! It’s perfect for … You can say that again! It’s wrong… Likewise, … They’re ideal … Agreeing in part
Well, yes, but ... According to government statistics, … Yes, in a way, however ... Actually, … Hmm, possibly, but ... In fact, … Yes, I agree up to a point, however ... Clearly, … Well, you have a point there, but ... Obviously, … There's something there, I suppose, People have always … however... People just won’t continue to … I guess you could be right, but ... Without doubt, … Yes, I suppose so, however ... That's worth thinking about, but ... There’s no doubt that …. Undoubtedly Expressing conditional agreement Surely, …
I’d agree with you if …
I’d certainly agree if you’re thinking of … Adding an argument Disagreeing 3. ______________________________ Also, .... Again, that depends on … Expressing complete disagreement In addition, … What’s more, … I don’t think so! I might add that… I disagree Perhaps I should also mention… I disagree entirely. Not to mention the fact that … I’m afraid I can’t agree. Plus the fact that… I’m afraid you’re wrong Not only that, but… On the contrary! Definitely not! Dismissing an argument as irrelevant or …, but what I’m afraid of is… improbable. …, but what bothers me is… …, but what I don’t like is… That isn’t the point. …, but what I’m concerned with is… That’s highly debatable. That’s highly unlikely. Countering using "after all" "at least" "even so" both for concession and antithesis Disagreeing diplomatically (through doubt) … After all, … At least there’s … I wonder whether that’s the case. But at least… Hmmm, I’m not sure about that.. Well, even so, … I’m not sure (that) it works like that. I’m not so sure about that. Logical argument 5. ______________________________ I’m not so certain Well, I’m not sure whether you can really … Questions or conclusions based on conditions Well, I don’t know… with "if" Well, it depends… I’m inclined to disagree with that… If …, why don’t they just …? Disagreeing in part ( appeal to logic ) What if …? And what happens if …? Not necessarily What would happen then if …? That doesn’t necessarily follow. If that is so…, (then) …. That’s not necessarily true That would be true if… That isn’t strictly true. You would be right if… Countering 4. ______________________________ That would make sense if… It’d be O.K. if … Countering directly (through antithesis) Questions based on conditions with sentence But adverbials " then" and "so" But who can say that …? But why …? But if you… Then how do you go about …? But if … Then can you tell me what’s wrong with …? But surely, …
Countering politely (through agreement followed Expressing cause and effect
6. ______________________________ by antithesis) Cause Yes, but remember that The reason why… is … Yes, but it isn’t that … The reason why … is that … Due to …,… Countering politely (through partial agreement Because… followed by antithesis) Because of… Because…, That may be so, but … Since…, That may be true, but … …is why… That may be so, … That might have been the case once, but … Result Well, maybe they do, but … For this reason,… You may be right about …, but .. For this reason alone, … Maybe…But the problem is… Owing to this, … That’s a good idea, but… This is why … That’s a good point, but… That’s why… I’d love to, but… This is the reason why … That would be great, except that… Therefore That may be so, but… So Possibly, but… As a result …, but what I’m concerned with is… Consequently,… Clarification 7. ______________________________ Sorry, what did you say? Sorry, what was that? Asking someone to repeat What’s that again? Pardon me? When you can’t follow the logical progression in Pardon? someone’s argument Excuse me? Sorry? You lost me there. I’m sorry? I’m lost. I beg you pardon? I’m not following. Could you say that again? I don’t follow. Would you repeat that please? I didn’t get that. Would you mind repeating that please? Giving clarification / Reiteration through In what way? How do you mean? reference to subject Why do you say that?. Why is that I’m talking about … Why not? I’m saying that … Can you explain why …? What I’m saying is that … Why do you think that? The whole point of this is that… That’s what this discussion’s about. Giving examples 8. ______________________________ I’m talking about …
Giving clarification after misunderstanding For example, …
For instance, … Take for example … What I mean is… What I meant is… A classic example of this is… A classic example of this would be… What I’m saying is… To illustrate my point… What I’m trying to say is… Don’t get me wrong… Let me give you an example… Don’t misunderstand me… Expressing solutions and alternatives 9. ______________________________ Let me put it another way, … That’s not what I said… That’s not what I meant The solution is to … Then you will ... What I said was… The best way to … is … What I really said/mean/meant… To …, you really have to …. You must have misunderstood me… There are many choices. You can … You Let’s get it straight… can ….... Alternatively, … Asking for clarification through short Yes/No Instead, … The alternative is… Questions inviting illustration or example. Interrupting 10._________________________________ And are they right? Does that make it ok? Polite interruption Can you be a bit more specific? Are you saying that …?. Sorry, but… Are we talking about …? May I say something? May I add something? Clarification through "What" or "How" May I ask a question? Questions inviting illustration or I’d like to say something about that example. Holding the floor What’s wrong with that? What’s wrong with …?. Hold on What do you mean? Hold on a second What do you mean by …? Yes, I was about to mention that. What are you trying to say? Well, I was about to come to th.t Sorry, I haven’t finished yet Conclusion 14._________________________________ … I haven’t made my point yet To make a long story short,… … I’m about to make my point So in short,… … I’m almost done So you see… … If you could just give me a second So, finally,… ... If you let me finish, I’ll tell you! So,… Please let me finish All in all,… Could you wait until I’m done? In the end,… I’m talking here! To conclude,… Would you let me finish? To sum up,… Would you hold on a second? To summarize,… Summing up, … When two people start speaking at the same To put it simply,… time To put it in a few words, …
Please Providing feedbacks
15._________________________________ Go ahead You first Keeping the conversation Please, I can wait It wasn’t all that relevant Right It wasn’t important Never mind. Okay Yeah Exceptions I know what you mean. 11._________________________________ I know. I see... There are exceptions, of course… Of course One should mention, or course… That’s normal An exception to that is… True This does include… One exception is… Keeping the conversation by asking the speaker Another exception is… to provide more information. Getting back to the point 12._________________________________ Yes? And? Well? Anyway So? In any case,… Then... To return to… And then? Returning back to… Such as...? To get back to the point… Let’s get back to the point… Giving explanations 16._________________________________ Where was I? Let’s see... What were we talking about? Ok! Generalizations 13._________________________________ Let me put it this way Let me put it another way. Let me see if I can explain it for you Generally,… Here’s the thing. In general, … Here is what I mean. As a rule,… This is what I want to say. Usually, I’ll try to explain. Typically, Let me try again. By and large, Here’s what you need to know/remember On average, Generally speaking,
Oxford Art Journal Volume 28 Issue 2 2005 (Doi 10.1093/oxartj/kci020) Iversen, M. - The Discourse of Perspective in The Twentieth Century - Panofsky, Damisch, Lacan