Ms Thủy 0934995730

UNIT 4
1. Pronunciation

/s/ - /z/

/h/ - /l/ - j/

2. Grammar

The past perfect and the past perfect continuous

I. PHÁT ÂM: /s/ - /z/

1. Sound placement

a. /s/ is a voiceless consonant sound

/s/ là một phụ âm vô thanh

1. Relax your mouth and place the tip of your tongue close to back of your teeth, almost without
touching them.

Thả lỏng miệng, đặt đầu lưỡi gần với phía sau răng,không chạm vào răng, thân lưỡi chạm
nhẹ vào răng.

2. Blow air between your top teeth and the tip of your tongue, your vocal cords will not vibrate.

Thổi hơi nhẹ ra giữa đầu răng và đầu lưỡi, dây thanh quản không rung.

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b. /z/ is a voiced consonant sound.

/z/ là 1 phụ âm hữu thanh

1. be same mouth position as the /s/ sound, but the /z/ sound is voiced.

Đặt miệng giống với âm /s/, nhưng âm /z/ hữu thanh.

2. Your vocal cords will vibrate and make the sound.

Dây thanh quản rung và tạo ra âm thanh.

2. Wordlist:

/s/ IPA /z/ IPA

1. see /siː/ 7. zoo /zuː/

2. so /səʊ/ 8. lazy /ˈleɪzi/

3. miss /mɪs/ 9. buzz /bʌz/

4. cross /krɒs/ 10. fuzzy /ˈfʌzi/

5. ice /aɪs/ 11. nose /nəʊz/

6. city /ˈsɪti/ 12. noisy ˈnɔɪzi/

3. Practice:

1. She dreams of passing the examination.

/ ʃiː driːmz ɒv ˈpɑːsɪŋ ði ɪgˌzæmɪˈneɪʃən /

2. He loves his cats so much.

/ hiː lʌvz hɪz kæts səʊ mʌʧ /

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3. I saw him driving in the blizzard.

/ aɪ sɔː hɪm ˈdraɪvɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈblɪzəd /

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4. One of my favorite genres/ is science fiction.

/ wʌn ɒv maɪ ˈfeɪvərɪt ˈ(d)ʒɑːŋrəz ɪz ˈsaɪəns ˈfɪkʃən /

5. Thomas is the most intelligent student in his class.

/ ˈtɒməs ɪz ðə məʊst ɪnˈtɛlɪʤənt ˈstjuːdənt ɪn hɪz klɑːs /

6. I prefer the second dress / rather than the first one.

/ aɪ priˈfɜː ðə ˈsɛkənd drɛs ˈrɑːðə ðæn ðə fɜːst wʌn /

7. Drinking water might/ exacerbate the symptom.

/ ˈdrɪŋkɪŋ ˈwɔːtə maɪt ɛksˈæsə(ː)beɪt ðə ˈsɪmptəm /

8. It would be exaggerating/to say that he is a virtuoso.

/ ɪt wʊd biː ɪgˈzæʤəreɪtɪŋ tuː seɪ ðæt hiː ɪz ə ˌvɜːtjʊˈəʊzəʊ /

9. Everything is possible.

/ ˈevrɪθɪŋ ɪz ˈpɒsəbl /

10. Speak less, listen more.

/ spiːk les, ˈlɪsn mɔː /

II. PHÁT ÂM: /h/ - /l/ - /j/

1. Sound placement

a. /h/ is a voiceless consonant sound

/h/ là một phụ âm vô thanh

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1. Open your lips and tongue low in your mouth.

Mở môi và lưỡi đặt thấp trong miệng.

2. Breathe out quickly through your mouth and your vocal cords will not vibrate.

Thổi mạnh và nhanh qua miệng và dây thanh quản không rung.

b. /l/ is a voiced consonant sound.

/l/ là 1 phụ âm hữu thanh

1. Rise up the tip of your ongue and press against the back of your top teeth.

Nâng đàu lưỡi lên và chạm vào mặt sau của ẳng hàm trên.

2. Breathe out through your mouth and make the sound, your vocal cords will vibrate.

Thở hơi ra ngoài và tạo ra âm thanh, dây thanh quản rung.

c. /j/ is a voiced consonant sound.

/j/ là 1 phụ âm hữu thanh

1. The middle part of your tongue comes forward and presses against the roof of your mouth.

Nâng thân lưỡi lên, đẩy nhẹ về phía trước và gần với vòm miệng.

2. Put your tongue down and make the sound, your vocal cords will vibrate.

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Hạ đầu lưỡi xuống và tạo ra âm thanh, day thanh quản rung.

2. Wordlist:

/h/ IPA /l/ IPA /j/ IPA

1. hi /haɪ/ 7. lip /lɪp/ 13. yes /jes/

2. hot /hɒt/ 8. pool /puːl/ 14. year /jɪə(r)/

3. who /huː/ 9. pull /pʊl/ 15. beyond /bɪˈjɒnd/

4. whom /huːm/ 10. tall /tɔːl/ 16. you /juː/

5. behave /bɪˈheɪv/ 11. table /ˈteɪbl/ 17. yellow /ˈjeləʊ/

6. behind /bɪˈhaɪnd/ 12. circle /ˈsɜːkl/ 18. yo - yo /jəʊ jəʊ/

3. Practice:

1. Hi! Hello, how are you?

/haɪ həˈləʊ haʊ ɑːr juː/
2. Does he have any hope?
/dəz hi hæv ˈeni həʊp/
3. It's hot in here.
/ɪts hɒt ɪn hɪər/
4. Can you help me for an hour?
/kæn juː help mɪ fər ən ˈaʊər/
5. Howard is hiding in Ohio.
/'haʊwɔːrd ɪz 'haɪdɪŋ ɪn əʊ'haɪəʊ/

6. I'll call you later.

/ aɪl kɔːl juː 'leɪtər /
7. Linda doesn’t feel well.
/ lɪndə ˈdʌznt fiːl wel /
8. What’s Lilly’s sleep problem?
/ wʌts ˈlɪliz sliːp ˈprɑːbləm /
9. Don’t eat a large meal late at night.
/ dəʊnt iːt ə lɑːrdʒ miːl leɪt ət naɪt /
10. Listen to the lecturer and/ complete the application form.
/ ˈlɪsn tə ðə ˈlektʃərər ənd kəmˈpliːt ði æplɪˈkeɪʃn fɔːrm /
11. She is a young university student.
/ ʃiː ɪz ə jʌŋ ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːrsəti ˈstuːdnt /

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12. I’m waiting in the queue for an interview.

/ aɪm ˈweɪtɪŋ ɪn ðə kjuː ˈfər ən ˈɪntərvjuː /
13. May I use your iron?
/ meɪ aɪ juːz jər ˈaɪərn /
14. Yes, you may use it any time.
/ jes juː meɪ juːz ɪt ˈeni taɪm /
15. He’s a popular hockey player this year.
/ hiz ə ˈpɑːpjələr hɑːki ˈpleɪər ðɪs jɪər /

III. EXTENDED WORDLIST:

1. How/haʊ/ 5. Boss/bɒs/ 9. line /laɪn/ 13. Face /feɪs/

2. Swan /swɒn/ 6. Lapse /læps/ 10. Risk /rɪsk/ 14. Puddle /ˈpʌdl/

3. Tense /tens/ 7. Your /jɔː(r)/ 11. Hurry /ˈhʌri/ 15. Misty /ˈmɪsti/

4. Uphill /ˌʌpˈhɪl/ 8. Class /klɑːs/ 12. Whole /həʊl/ 16. Younger /jʌŋər/

IV. HOMEWORK

1. Whose home is high on the hill?

/ huːz həʊm ɪz haɪ ɒn ðə hɪl /

2. The small ball fell in the cool pool?

/ ðə smɔːl bɔːl fɛl ɪn ðə kuːl puːl

3. You look young. What year were you born?

/ juː lʊk jʌŋ. wɒt jɪə wɜː juː bɔːn /

4. The seven dogs and cats/ stay inside the house.

/ ðə ˈsɛvn dɒgz ænd kæːts steɪ ɪnˈsaɪd ðə haʊs /

5. Six boys and girls sat on /the fence outside the store.

/ sɪks bɔɪz ænd gɜːlz sæt ɒn ðə fɛns ˌaʊtˈsaɪd ðə stɔː /

6. Always look on the bright side.

/ ˈɔːlweɪz lʊk ɒn ðə braɪt saɪd /

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V. GRAMMAR The past perfect and the past perfect continuous

I. Cấu trúc:

QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP

DIỄN
1. To be:
(+) S + had been + Adj/ noun (+) S + had been+ V-ing
(-) S + had not been + Adj/ noun
(-) S + had not been+ V-ing
(?) Had + S + been + Adj/ noun?
- She had been a good dancer (?) Had + S + been+ V-ing?
when she met a car accident. - She had been carrying a heavy bag.
2. Verb:
(+) S + had + V3/ Ved (past
participle)
(-) S + had + not + V3/ Ved
(?) Had + S + V3/ Ved?
- We had lived in Hue before 1975.

II. Cách sử dụng:

QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH QUÁ KHỨ HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP

DIỄN
1. Diễn đạt một hành động xảy ra
1. Diễn đạt 1 hành động xảy ra trước một
trước một hành động khác trong quá
hành động khác trong Quá khứ (nhấn
khứ. (Hành động xảy ra trước dùng
mạnh tính tiếp diễn)
QKHT - xảy ra sau dùng QKĐ)
- I had been thinking about that before
- When I got up this morning, my
father you mentioned it.
had already left.

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2. Dùng để mô tả hành động trước 2. Diễn đạt 1 hành động đã xảy ra, kéo
một thời gian xác định trong quá khứ. dài liên tục đến khi hành động thứ 2 xảy
- We had lived in Hue before 1975. ra. (Hành động 2 dùng QKĐ). Thường
3. Dùng trong câu điều kiện loại 3 thường khoảng thời gian kéo dài được
nêu rõ trong câu.
- If I had known that you were there,
- The men had been playing cards for 3
I would have written you a letter.
hours when I came.
4. Dùng trong câu ước muốn trái với
Quá khứ
- I wish I had had time to study.

BÀI TẬP
Question 1: He (marry) her two years before we met.

A. had been marrying

B. had married
After + QKHT, QKĐ
QKĐ + After+ QKHT
Before + QKĐ, QKHT
QKHT + before + QKĐ
Question 2: James told me you (buy) the old vicarage two years before your son’s birth.
A. had bought
B. had been buying
Question 3: I wish we (buy) it before.

A. had bought
B. had been buying
Question 4: When I arrived at the station, the train (leave).
A. had been living
B. had left
Question 5: He (play) tennis for 4 hours when he broke his leg.
A. had played
B. had been playing
Question 6: The dog came into the house once she (finish) the housework.
A. had finished
B. had been finishing
Question 7: He (drive) his car for 10 minutes when he realized it had a flat tyre.

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A. had driven
B. had been driving
Question 8: She (throw) the letter away when she noticed it was not important.
A. had thrown
B. had been throwing
Question 9: He (swim) for 15 minutes when he understood he had lost his swimsuit.
A. had swim
B. had been swimming
Question 10: It (rain) for one hour when the wind started to blow.
A. had rained
B. had been raining
Question 11: He rushed to the baker’s when he saw his wife (forget) to buy some bread.
A. had forgotten
B. had been forgetting
Question 12: Sarah was exhausted. She (wash) the dishes for more than three hours.
A. had washed
B. had been washing
Question 13: When he saw her, he knew he (meet) her before.

A. had met
B. had been meeting
Question 14: When he phoned her, she (go) out.

A. had gone
B. had been going
Question 15: When Ron arrived, the party (already/begin).

A. had already begun

B. had already been beginning
Question 16: The children (already/go) to bed when their mother came from work.
A. had already gone
B. had already been going
Question 17: If I (not/be) absent yesterday, I would have met him.
A. hadn’t been
B. had been being
Question 18: I was very tired when I arrived home. I (work) hard all day.
A. had worked

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B. had been working

Question 19: When I arrived at the party, Tom wasn’t there. He (go) home.
A. had gone
B. had been going
Question 20: When we got home last night, we found that somebody (break) into the
flat.
A. had broken
B. had been breaking

BÀI TẬP VỀ CÁC THÌ QUÁ KHỨ

I. Past perfect vs past simple

1. Almost everybody (leave)…………………………. by the time we (arrive)

…………………………..
2. He (wonder)…………………………. whether he (leave)………………………….
his wallet at home.
3. The secretary (not leave)…………………………. until she (finish)
…………………………. her work.
4. The couple scarcely (enter)…………………………. the house when they (begin)
…………………………. to argue.
5. The teacher (ask)…………………………. the boy why he (not do)
…………………………. his homework.
6. She already (post)…………………………. the letter when she (realize)
…………………………. she (send)…………………………. it to the wrong
address.
7. Hardly the car (go)…………………………. a mile when it (have)
…………………………. a flat tyre.
8. The weather (be)…………………………. far worse than we (expect)
…………………………..
9. They (be married)…………………………. for five years when they finally (have)
…………………………. a child.

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10. No sooner they (sell)…………………………. their car than they (regret)

…………………………. having done so.
11. When she (finish)…………………………. her work she (go)
…………………………. to the cinema.
12. He (not eat)…………………………. until his parents (come)
…………………………. home.
13. She (tell)…………………………. me she never (meet)………………………….
him.

14. He (do)…………………………. his homework before he ( go)

…………………………. out.
15. The lights (go)…………………………. out the moment he (get)
…………………………. into the cinema.
16. Hardly the holiday (begin)…………………………. when they (leave)
…………………………. the town.
17. They (be)…………………………. out for an hour when it (start)
…………………………. to rain.
18. They (leave)…………………………. the shop as soon as they (buy)
…………………………. everything they (need)…………………………..

19. The house (burn)…………………………. to the ground buy the time the firemen
(arrive)…………………………..
20. As he (do)…………………………. a lot of work that day he (be)
…………………………. very tired.
21. I already (hear)…………………………. about the accident when he (tell)
…………………………. me about it.
22. He (live)…………………………. in the country for ten years when she first
(come)…………………………. to London.
23. I (not talk)…………………………. to him because when I (arrive)
…………………………. he already (leave)…………………………..
24. When we (go)…………………………. out again, the wind (stop)

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…………………………..
25. He (think)…………………………. he (win)…………………………. in the
lottery but he (not have)…………………………. of course.

26. No sooner the bell (ring)…………………………. when the pupils (go)

…………………………. out to play.
27. Before you (mention)…………………………. his name, I never (hear)
…………………………. of this poet.

Before + QKĐ, QKHT

28. Our guests (be)…………………………. still here when he (come)
…………………………. back from school.
29. The same day he (arrive)…………………………. I (receive)
…………………………. a postcard from him.
30. They just (close)…………………………. the shop when I (get)
…………………………. there.

II. Past simple and past continuous

1. While Tom (read) ___, Amely (watch) ___a documentary on TV.

QKTD while QKTD

While QKTD, QKTD

While QKTD, QKĐ

QKĐ while QKTD

2. Marvin (come) ___ home, (switch) ___ on the computer and (check) ___ his
emails.
3. The thief (sneak) ___into the house, (steal) ___the jewels and (leave) ___ without
a trace.
4. Nobody (listen) ___while the teacher (explain) ___ the tenses.
5. While we (do) ___ a sight-seeing tour, our friends (lie) ___ on the beach.

6. He (wake) ___up and (look) ___at his watch.

7. The receptionist (welcome) ___the guests and (ask) ___ them to fill in the form.
8. The car (break) ___ down and we (have) ___ to walk home.

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9. The boys (swim) ___ while the girls (sunbathe) ___ .

10. My father (come) ___ in, (look) ___ around and (tell) ___ me to tidy up my
room.
11. As long as one group (prepare) ___ dinner, the others (collect) ___ wood for their
campfire.
12. While the parents (have) ___ breakfast, their children (run) ___ about.

13. Martha (turn) ___ off the lights and (go) ___ to bed.
14. When I (do) ___ the washing-up, I (break) ___a plate.
15. While Tom (play) ___ the piano, his mother (do) ___the washing-up.

16. He (drink) ___some juice and then he (eat) ___a few chips.
17. I (have) ___ dinner when I suddenly (hear) ___a loud bang.
18. When my father (work) ___ in the garden, an old friend (pass) ___ by to see him.
19. She (go) ___ to school, (take) ___ out her textbook and (begin) ___ to learn.

20. When it (start) ___ to rain, our dog (want) ___ to come inside.

BTVN: Học NP U234, Quay video U4 và bt phần I

Thì Cấu trúc Cách dùng Dấu hiệu nhận Ghi chú thêm
biết
1. The present - Thêm es vào V
simple khi V tận cùng
là: o, sh, s, ch, x
z.
2. The present - V tận cùng là ie
continuous thì đổi thành y
rồi mới thêm ing
- V tận cùng là e
thì bỏ rồi mới
thêm ing
- ...
- be, want,
become ,.....

3. The simple 1. Đối với tobe

past (+) S + was/
were + Adj/N

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2. Đối với V
(+) S + V2/ Ved
4. The past 1. Đối với tobe
perfect (+) S + had been
+ adj/ N
2. Đối với verb
(+) S + had +
V3/ Ved.

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