OBJECTIVES OF THE IV STANDARDS

- Serve as a guide for nurses in providing safe and quality nursing care to patients, relative to IV therapy.

-Promote the apllication of principles underlying the administration of IV therapoy.

-Recognize the ethico-legal implications of IVtheraphy

CONTRAINDICATION OF PERIPHERAL IV THERAPHY

-Administration of irritant fluids or irritant fluids or drugs trough peripheral Access

FACTORS TO CONSIDER WHEN DECIDINGBT IS NECESSARY

-Patient's age as related to his or her general health

-Severity of anemia

-Cause of anemia

-Rapidity of the onset of anemia

-Estimated blood loss

-Vital signs

-Degree of atherosclerosis affecting the coronaries

-Degree of cardiac/pulmonary disease

-Type of medications

ENUMERATE NURSING CONSIDERATIONS FOR FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES IMBALANCES

-Document client understanding

-Carry out the physician's prescription for I.V. Therapy

-Select the appropriate equipment

-Obtain the correct solution as prescribed

-Assess the client for allergies relative to tape, iodine, ointment, or antibiotic preparations to be used for
skin preparation of the venipuncture site.

-Administer the fluid at the prescribed rate

-Observe for signs of infiltration and other complications that are fluid specific

-Document in the client's medical record the implementation of the prescribed IV therapy.
COMMON TYPES OF IV THERAPY

-Alkalanizing solution

-Acidifying solution

NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES IN CHEMOTHERAPY

-Verify patient I.D. drud, dose, route, and time of administration with M.D.'s order.

-Review drug allergy history

-Review appropriate lab. Data and other tests

-Verify informed consent

-Select appropriate equipment and supplies

-Calculate the dose and reconstitute the drug using aseptic technique

-Explain the procedure to patient and family

-Initiate peripheral I.V. site

-Administer chemotheraoeutic agents

-Monitor patients

-Anticipate and plan interventions for potential side effects or toxicity

-Dispose all used supplies and unused drugs into leak proof containers

-Document procedure according to policy

NURSES ROLE IN BLOOD AND BLOOD PRODUCTS PRELIMINARY SCREENING

-Check the physician's order for the number & and type of transfusion units.

-Check the client's room number, identification band, & have the client state name

-Explain the procedure to the client & check that the client has signed the consent form for transfusion

-Check that the type & cross match has been completed and that the blood is already in blood bank

-Determine patency of clients IV. Begin infusion of PNSS with appropriate blood tubing

-Obtain client's pretransfusion vital signs

-Obtained ordered type & matched blood component bag from ban, or notify Blood bank to deliver unit.
Both nurse and lab technician check transfusion number and signed transfusion form
-With another nurse, validate that the client's blood ID bracelet number matches Blood bank number on
unit of blood to be transfused

-Validate that the client's name, Id number, & blood group/Rh match the blood unit data and note
expiration date.

-Record client's vital signs in 15 minutes prior to starting, 15 min after starting for 1 hour, then hourly
until transfusion is completed (1-11/2 hours) and immediately following the transfusion. Determine
hospital policy and obtain informed consent for the transfusion.

-Remember that blood cannot be returned to the blood bank after it has been check out for 20 minutes.

-Check the bag for bubbles, cloudiness, dark color or sediment

-Instruct the client to empty bladder

-Wash your hands & don clean gloves

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS IN TPN

-Monitor and record vital signs and input and output

-Weigh the patient daily

-Monitor the urine glucose and blood glucose level of the patient

-Ca, Mg, PO4, BUN and creatinine should be tested every 3-4 days

-Liver function test and albumin should be checked every 10-14 days

-Triglyceride should be checked 4-5 hours after the infusion

-regulate the rate accurately

-Check the sterility of the solution, IV set and IV catheter

-The solution must not be hanged at the bedside for more than what is stated in that manufacturer's
literature.

-Change the venoset daily

-Change the venopuncture site every 48-72 hours

-Maintain the sterility during the entire hyper alimentation procedure to prevent infection
IV SET & EQUIPMENT PREPARATION

-IV tray

-IV solution

-IV set

-IV cathele cannul