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Buku Format SPM 2021 4551 Biologi
Buku Format SPM 2021 4551 Biologi
Rajah 2
Diagram 2
Apakah fenomena yang menyebabkan proses X ?
What is the phenomenon that causes process X ?
A Krenasi
Crenation
B Plasmolisis
Plasmolysis
C Hemolisis
Haemolysis
Rajah 8
Diagram 8
C
D
3 Rajah 12 menunjukkan satu proses yang berlaku di nefron yan menghasilkan cecair X.
Diagram 12 shows a process which occurs in a nephron that produces fluid X.
Fluid X
Cecair X
Rajah 12
Diagram 12
Antara berikut, yang manakah bahan-bahan yang terdapat dalam X?
Which of the following substances are found in X?
I Glukosa
Glucose
II Asid amino
Amino acid
III Eritrosit
Erythrocytes
IV Protein plasma
Plasma proteins
A I dan II
I and II
B II dan III
II and III
C III dan IV
III and IV
D I dan IV
I and IV
Bahagian A
Section A
For
Examiner’s
Use
Fetus
Foetus
Dinding uterus
Uterine wall
Rajah 7
Diagram 7
1(a)
R : ...................................................................................................................
2 S : .....................................................................................................................
[2 markah]
[2 marks]
17
FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN BIOLOGI
.................................................................................................................................. 2
[1 markah]
[1 mark]
(c)
Fetus tidak berupaya melindungi dirinya dari jangkitan
penyakit
A foetus is unable to defend himself from infection
................................................................................................................................ 1(c)
................................................................................................................................
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
2
[3 markah]
[3 marks]
18
FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN BIOLOGI
For
Examiner’s
Use
1(d)
.............................................................................................................................
3 .............................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................
………………………………………………………………………………….............
[3 markah]
[3 marks]
Jumlah
A1
19
FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN BIOLOGI
2 Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan kacukan antara satu pokok kacang pea berbiji bulat dan kuning For
dengan satu pokok kacang pea berbiji kedut dan hijau. Semua anak generasi F1 yang Examiner’s
Use
terhasil adalah berbiji bulat dan kuning.
Diagram 8.1 shows the cross of a round and yellow seeded pea plant with a wrinkled
and green seeded pea plant. All of the offsprings in the F1 generation produce round
and yellow seeds.
Induk : X
Parents
Generasi F1 :
F1 generations
Kekunci:
Key
Y : Mewakili alel bagi kuning Represents allele for yellow seed Mewakili alel bagi biji hijau
Represents allele for green seed
y :
Rajah 8.1
Diagaram 8.1
20
FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN BIOLOGI
For
Examiner’s
Use
(a) Satu daripada anak generasi F1 dalam Rajah 8.1 dilabelkan sebagai J.
dikacukkan dengan pokok kacang pea K bergenotip RRyy.
Induk : J x K
Parents
........................
Genotip :
Genotype RRyy
Gamet
: RY Ry rY ry .........
Gametes
........................
Anak : RRYy RRyy
Offsprings ......................
L
Rajah 8.2
Diagram 8.2
2(a)(ii)
.........................................................................................................................
2 .........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
[2 markah]
21
FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN BIOLOGI
(b) Rajah 8.3 menunjukkan satu contoh lain bagi kacukan pewarisan. For
Examiner’s
Diagram 8.3 shows another example of a genetic cross Use
Rajah 8.3
Diagram 8.3
State the differences between this genetic cross in Diagram 8.3 with the cross
shown in Diagram 8.1.
Nyatakan perbezaan antara kacukan pewarisan dalam Rajah 8.3 dengan kacukan
yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 8.1.
2(b)
[2 markah]
[2 marks] 2
22
FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN BIOLOGI
For
Examiner’s
Use
(c) Berikut adalah fenotip dan genotip pokok kacang pea X.
The following are the phenotype and the genotype of pea plant X.
Genotip : Ttbb
Genotype : Ttbb
Pokok kacang pea X dikacukkan dengan pokok kacang pea Y. Kenal pasti
genotip pokok kacang pea Y supaya kacukan akan menghasilkan semua anak
yang mempunyai fenotip tinggi dan bunga putih.
Terangkan jawapan anda
Pea plant X is crossed with pea plant Y. Identify the genotype of pea plant Y so
that the cross will produce all offsprings with the phenotype of tall and white
flower.
Explain your suggestion.
.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
2(c)
..................................................................................................................................
2 [2 markah]
[2 marks]
Jumlah
A2
23
FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN BIOLOGI
Bahagian B
Section B
Interfasa
Interphase 1
G1
S
G2
Fasa mitosis
Mitotic phase
Rajah 9.1
Diagram 9.1
24
FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN BIOLOGI
[4 markah]
[4 marks]
25
FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN BIOLOGI
P Q
Rajah 9.2
Diagram 9.2
[10 markah]
[10 marks]
26
FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN BIOLOGI
Bahagian
C Section
C
4 (a) Rajah 11.1 menunjukkan tumbuhan kekacang yang ditanam di antara anak-
anak pokok getah untuk membantu pertumbuhan pokok-pokok getah itu.
Diagram 11.1 shows leguminous plants which are planted in between young
rubber trees to assist the growth of rubber trees.
Pokok getah
Rubber tree
Tanah
Soil
Nodul akar
Root nodul
Rajah 11.1
Diagram 11.1
27
(b) Di kebanyakan negara membangun, aktiviti pertanian telah berubah kepada aktiviti
perindustrian bagi membantu pertumbuhan ekonomi negara tersebut. Perubahan
aktiviti ini menyumbang kepada peningkatan pembebasan karbon dioksida.
In most developing countries, agricultural activities have been changed to
industrial activities to assist their economic growth. This change leads to the
increase in the carbon dioxide released.
Kepekatan
karbon dioksida (ppm) Concentration of carbon dioxide (ppm)
Masa (tahun)
Time (year)
Rajah 11.2
Diagram 11.2