Lab session # 3

To investigate the validity of Bernoulli’s equation when applied to steady flow of water in a
tapered duct.
Objective:

To verify Bernoulli’s equation through tapered duct apparatus.

Apparatus:

1. Hydraulic Bench
2. Bernoulli’s apparatus
3. Stop Watch

FLUID MECHANICS -I Department of Mechanical Engineering

School of engineering
UMT Lahore
 Observations and Calculations:

Volume =V= 0.005m3

Velocity =v=Q/A

Static head= P/ρg

Dynamic Head= v2/2g

Total head = P/ρg+ v2/2g

No. Tapering Dia. Area Time Discharge Velocity Static Velocity Total
of position ‘D’ A =(πd )/4
2 ‘t' Q = V/t =Q/A head Head head
obs sec

m m t1 t2 t3 t=tavg m3/sec m/sec m m m

Specimen of calculations:

FLUID MECHANICS -I Department of Mechanical Engineering

School of engineering
UMT Lahore
Quiz:

1. List at least three flow measuring devices.

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2. What is the Difference b/w mass flow rate and volume flow rate?
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3. Define equation of continuity.

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FLUID MECHANICS -I Department of Mechanical Engineering
School of engineering
UMT Lahore
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4. What are the assumptions before deriving Bernoulli’s equation?

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5. List some pressure measuring devices.

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Comment on the

Factors affecting the total head of Bernoulli’s equation.

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Areas of maximum and minimum velocity with respect to head

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FLUID MECHANICS -I Department of Mechanical Engineering
School of engineering
UMT Lahore
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Relation of area with total head

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Relation of flow rate with total head

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Relation of pressure with total head

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FLUID MECHANICS -I Department of Mechanical Engineering

School of engineering
UMT Lahore