1 6 13 15 2 E=|~1 1 2 ‘ D=|-1 01 4 13 3.24 WAM Sal of Agzall 4d giveorell Gaal (1) (OV) Ge Guba .D-E (‘) -D+E ()) 7c (8) 5A (*) .4E-2D (1) .2B-C (°) .C~C_ (A) --3(D+2E) (¥) .tr(D-3E) (1+) t(D) (4) .t(A) (1) . 4tr(7B) (1) .D'-ET (\£) .2AT+C (IT) .BT+5c™ (19) -@-E)' (1°) choc (A) -tcT-1A ()Y) LAB (t+) .3ET-2p" (1a) -A(BC) (YX) .BA(%)) .tr(CT AT+2B7) (¥#) (CTB)AT (TY)Y -BYCCT~ATA) (*1) .4BC+2B (Ye) .3A~BTCT (YA) .D'E'- (ED) ("Y) | .t(DE-ED) (+) .t(DE+ED) (¥4) -B Ye A ost 2A-3B = 6(A + 3B) SiS 19 (11) ohAaliyah y phd) jal) A 4igkeeII B+A=A oe mx nda yall ye digbee B Cus 1Y (TY) -B=0 0 Gili xn deal -A=0 cls 13) Li 1 A =—A of dl (rY) FM i gicenall Gyo US Gf Cutty Ld da pee By A Ge JS CuLS 1 (1'£) 2 Abs -keRG kKA(e) .A-B(G) .A+B (1) .AX-A-61=0 Jeti al) 3] cals ty (re) W «A? = 0 BisS All 2 Aa pall ye Gill gicenall axe Ge (TN) 2A? = 1 Biss gill 2 Ap pall ye Cid ginal euee Cue (TY) AP =A Bind 2 da yall ys ld phen Quem Cue (TA) -BA#O0 OSs AB = 0 Gist Guns 2 de all Ge By A cid pines cue (14) Sg nx] Sajal ye Ad gives B gmxn La pall (ps di gives A ls 13) (€ +) $A = 0058 cI Baal Ys ded AB=0 -AB-BA =I) Cuse2 Apollos BoA (ib see 2 gms Allain (£1) Cua m x n dail Gs dbase Ag n Ae vall Ge dishes B GISIY (EY) BC =I Gisin Ap yall 94 C Ai pine 2 yay Ulin) A AB = 0 2) €£) Ais ual) OL Cal (£1) Mi gies AB Ci Clin de pall O04 phi Ai pee By A ce JS cals 13 (££) . AB=BA ols 4588 OOS n deal Ys Mi ghoeB 5 A Ge US OSI (£9) - (ASB )? = A? + 2AB + B? Cals 13 Lids 13! AB = BA (1)id gel .A?-B?=(A-B) (A+B) Gils 13 bids 13) AB = BA (Q) /ATBT= BT AT Gils 13 its!) AB = BA (@) 0 0 01 .c-[! O18 Lo al Silly 2 de yall 0 AB pines A USI (ET) i bl os 7 : erbeRte A= |p | Sotiap pa cassa(t) a | | i t | a a0] oa . -abeR Se A=| i aatls AC = CA GSI. (0) a +B 4a sites USI AB = BA Gils 13242 pall ye 4a gas A YS (£Y) .aeR em a(t ‘| i caBla 245 a) 0a AAT=0 Cus Auisial she Yl gle mxn da yall (ye dd pines A Cals 13) (£4) -A=0 0) calli eats A2=0 9 ASAT Sus nds pill pe dey pe digits A Gals 13 (£4) LA=0g U cglbBA =B 5 AB=A Cus 4a eM dioeB 5A GUS cls 14 (+) .B=BdsA°=A (I-A SIAA Si catls A= A Cis Sa gas A aS (01) Aas ye Mi gee A Cus AP-1=(A~1)(A?+A41) Dat (0Y) | J ve pills ATA=T Ge nx | Le yall yoda picee A of Vail (OT) -HTH=1(Q)) .H=HT(S) : dod. H=1-2A a7 Jesin-|) oleate iss 0 0Alyy yi) ya 5 (A+B)?#A?+2AB +B? . (A+B)°=A>+3A?B + 3AB’ +B J oii on desl By A US [AB] = AB-BA oS (09) -[[AB]C]+[[BCJA]+[[CA]B]=0(1) -[(A4B)CJ=[AC]+[ BC] (¥) [LAB] C]=(A[BC] ] ool Gosnell da (c) 2 Aa pall Ge digas C9 BLA Oe SS USI(01) .tr(AB-BA)=0 di adi (J) skeRGe AP=KI od r(A)=0 dSIY() .(AB-BA)?C=C(AB-BAY dcsi(z) cull (A-ATP=0 5 A7=A GIS, May pa gies A CuLS 13 (0Y) (AATP=AATS AG) Apical Gea (161) Elementary Row Operations erbium (glo § ploy Ales GY steal) Lela CII Juadll (68 (ya pane Gi pal) saceng nt Le ot g AU ji al di gills Ca yd Lola Ai pina Gi ll 13g bball pant di givenall bghie gle Gilles CD os yates idl Jha od tale : gs (elementary row operation ) 43 5Y! 4a! Ai ghaeall ye Cun og} a8 8 33885 (1) 1 Gee yb 330 Ad gical Gi gies (ye Chk sl Cr pn (Y)} 0 -22 1 1 9 0 4 12 00 0 0, Add picenall Al yidll Auicall Ase yall Aauuall go 5 pSV! Ad phd! GS Nay ENB gabe Bony A Ad gional Al idl) Apia! dag pall deswell of gl} ts till olaat cual (1) Sap pqs Al fied dpi! Loe pal dapeall pid, final pt Ca yinall 220 (1) aol Dosa ol} A I Lal 59 Jo ine LSI, Ad pis oall (rank) AD) cannes (161) Qk «AL fie Ashe Ase 59 Aten ple ASY) Clb yincnall po NS aut 1211 Para 1-142 |3 -2 4 2 (XY O) 2 131 4196 -3 1 14 02 4 ao 13 5 jis | (oy © 3-1-1 25 6 3°77 veCd ginal! aa 13-202 0 26 -5 -2 4 -3 2-11 0 PPO foo s 0 0 15} 260 8 4 18 1 3-2-1 0 263 1 1 6 4 -5 . A . y oot 1 of & Ea] 264 2 -2 1212 107 124-14 3 1 1 3 245 1 5 -2 3{() -1+2 11 aX 248-28 6 2 307 -11 1212607 Aa ghacall (yu sha (to) Inverse of Matrix CogS2 Ae Orig Fey pall Gli ined gle Lal 2 pai all ba 54 cng See SLasy AGLI Apical CiLeall padi a5 (up Ses dey po di ginoal ch Me Ma gel Us Sas ey ssl Gob oayay Ge op LIS, Mi givoall pill Juaall | | | (NY) cing (inverse) Ua sSe B 4a simerall of Ogi. As pall yo dea ye da gies A YS . AB=BA=IgS5n Ag yall ys dng ys Ai ghee B GIS 13) A Ad gall yo. a |cA yall (de¥) caste Saturn aad J hag tee 035s A=[" assHo pee 1 d -b , ad—be|-c a (25.3 cl) AMG cia gisenall Gyo US Ue gS Shand (9) Ce zl eas (1) -1 3 1 2], [; a i 3) 3 6 3 0 [ leo i | © (25.9 Cl) Aa Ci gine Goa IS See Gal (1) 121 . 17 12 35 0] ww 5 -1 2|() 171 23 5 4 t 1 35 -1 4 5 2 0 0 7 6 0 0 oO -1 () 0-152 i -2 -2 0 11 5 1 0 -1 -1 0 ry12 011 12300 -l 1 1 -13 11100 0 -2 3 -1 21 @&) 015 1 0\G) 1 1-201 00122 0 0 1 05 00001 COSA of) Ag Sle pines Gps Seales Ail ld gine Guo NS CASI (£) (Ss 1 0 -3 102 5 0 Or 0 1 4/(2)/0 11 cl; ol; | QO) —2 2 «15 216 Lead Adi a ghee BT of colli Af Md poe B cals 13) (0) A+B Aa ginenall 4983 ol og 5y pcall Gs ded Une B 9 A Ge JS SI (1) © nshee /B=C oi cli AB = AC OS Ua Sae A Mi giendd oIS 15] (V) ala? — 3A + 1 = 0 Ss npSee A Agi cml LSM (A) /AT=3GI-a) onshae A 38 saad SI(8) /(I-AYT=I+A ol catle a? = 9 eas 13 (7% (I-AYTSIFA+ ATG catia a3 = 0 Cuts 13) (G) (2) 9(1) Csi) apn cubis Ua (€) J ot AB = BA CS sn de pall edd pieeB yA Ge JS GUIS IY (1+) . (AB = A? B? vAtd shalt J S88 AB = BA SS sn deal odie yA Oe JS SI (1) . (ABY = A? B? AS 5 UnpSee Logie IS yn Se pall os Adyar B 5A Oe JS ISI (11) . AB =BA i als (AB)? = A? B? we shes Legis USI 5 n Ap yall (0 dd gee B 5 A G2 US OSI (11) .AT+B1=A71(A+B)BT SOS (1) BA gisenll (shee am Ail AG Lan oe Sos A + B AA ginal! GIS 15) (G) (AT+BY1=B(A+By'A Jy A'+B = Aa jal (ys Agia B 5A ce US OSI) T) .A(1+BA)= (1+ AB) A J oii(1) (1+ BA)B=B (1+ AB) J ail (Q) 4a pineal jo pSee sag: Al Ctl c Un Seo J+ AB Aa sired 1S 13 (¢) (1+ BA)'=1-B (1+ AB) A oly I+ BA AP HE OS: Sues 3 Aa sal) ye Clb gine ils oye (1£) 7 Aes 5 gee Laks Ala!) la gin yo IS Lis) (10) (A+B)(AT-BY)(Q) .A(B+A) BIA (1) A+B 5B 5A Os 0S Syn del OB 5 A os JS ls 13 (11) S(A+BYT=AT+ BT O82 Gog nell Oe ded 6 Ua sSnn 2X shady Asta 4 gical Alsed! Ja (1Y) -A(X+B)AT=C eae ATA 9 AAT Os USI Gf Cable c (Sue A Ad sine GIS 13 (1A) raCasals det A Hay ands +4 ):89585) FAs 82: Ap — AAAs —BnAn2, ~ Ay A Ma giedll a A CHS 13 a 101 3 4 ob [3 4 0 { 4-12 det A=8+0+(-3)-16-0-0=-I1 1 Owl, (169) Gulai Ad giveoall a3m0 Cues (A) oll (1) Ge Qual 3a a 2 3 y \ [3 g]e {jo 10 4 / 110 0-23 OY +12 ale 2-2 2 3-4 4 1-21 6 0 -1 0 3 ay 00 2 of, 03 4-1 0 3 -1 2 0 0 -1 2 5-23 -3 ovABM y ph) ol) -1 4 5 -2 -11 0 1 3-12 7 -3 31 1 0 ‘ v 2-2 8 4{% 012 -3| 1 -4 -1 2] 12-3 2] -1 1 I 20 OS eek ox (4) 2 & 1 -1 J --1l k [eo oSemk oe OY I-1 -1 ]j k-4 0 0 0 k 2 |=0 oSseuerk oe (11) 0 3 k-l m -14 0 -3 f weal? ® 6 OSG A fue (1%) 13 a-5 sin® cos® 0) —cos0 sin® ox (1%) lsin@-cos@ sinO+cos® 1 de a bl... sse[t ‘Joaefy eae lb a-c| . =0 oS 19 L851) AB=BA J al le d-f $ eee USall Ja. det A = 0 of GHB A = 0 cals 13 (10) § euaee USall Ua. det A =det B J 88 A = B cals 14 (1) oASasol ey . 15 Per - det(SA) sdet A Ox 4b 2 La a[) ‘| esis 131 (1) 2 Tox, x1 Tox, x72] SRST (IA) 1 x3; x3 «det A= (x1 — X2) (X2~ Xs) (%3 — x1) SNsamal) al pd (1 + ¥) Properties of Determinants A placid LBS os p59 Gare Aula! Gol yl) aad ill Nba ea Ae De ad AMS cay pall I o gall 90 db pitas ate SLY Qual ps) whl (ashe ayagy Ad phase cane Led Que (0 6 9) Aaa jue Bg he (Agee Sf) ines gle og ging das ye Magia A CuIS 1) . dettA=0 Cla sl Vinal » uolic apon isl (2geell sf) Cavell plas det A Ghus aie @ det A=0 Nl Adsguy ani Lild o8ASliggsy ght) at) (TY) Cube LeaSiee Cid giccnall cyo SSI saall i cal (1) ol (1) Oe oe laaaall pal gd Sc E @ E é v & & x £ 1 1 Ve 1 vr 4 ane owt ato en tonr PAO oOaA Se Vo ner Tana TeereennooT =a ne conon a a HEH Lc OTH QGamam CeTANeSe Naor mea mw CSONNSCOS Tan emo to tmoooo aH oesceo mre ses, c £ & z eB Se ew De & Moen Sooo TTS Gea 7 = coooog aN 4 wonaun mron oa + =a Noam n aAGdas otancows cots a - aoa Toon amo am eato Go os Es OF 4 Tatas oe ejTotac onl) bbounnao amarante an Aa +s, vrclas) als 131 (14) a fa a+l a+2] -detA=0 Got A=/b b+] b+2 e ctl ae aboda : Oaab . edet A=b? (4a?~b?) oi atl A = ls IY (VY “ (4 Je baa 0 ( ) ja 0 ba eal 13. (1 7) aac det A=(at+b+cya-ciat+b) date A=lb | c b bj cals 131 (1 £) laa a] 2 43 toile aaa od detA=(@'-1y hate A=] 4", aa loa a loa a 2 gh be dane Callin da yall (ye Md gies A GIS 13 (10) « det(A') = det(Ay! CB yee A Mi giodll IS 13 (1) 2M Gage Gee ste USI det(A™) = [det(A)]” (S) wculb ase ¢ Cys det(cA) = c" det(A) () edetA S41 had ATA =] Gf Suns de ye Magee A Gils 141 (11) det A= det B of tli A = SBS Ss UaSee § Ad siroall JIS 15) (1Y) . det(AB) = det(BA) oi @8 (4) det(SA7 AT) Gusti det A= 3 of Cased Aa pall ye Ad ginene ACIS 15) ayy vrAy y phd oll OS I Ge nf Sotld na al ye LSS Le Migs A CALS TY (+) ey 5 te det(A)=3 cleus n Asal GB 5 A cibdgieedll Go JS Cus 13 (1) . det(ABA’B?A?B') Gaal det(B)=-2 5 - det(A? +5A7+6A) Gusalé det A=0 ISIN (TY) det A SoS quali AP=] Gf Cus: dar ye ddgine A Cully (YT) $det(A+B)=detA+detB ol gsneds (tt) ~ Ua See A ddsinenall of cafld det(A?)=7 ols 19 (Yo) AG yall Ad phot (1 « +) The Adjoint Matrix pauls (Lay Ci) Ad pdms Qu pSee lesa! dds yb Lied oly Gu ald oe sSeme Lay gyal Mis phe padi cLise 5 LS cll Iba Gg ANY) Aull Gea! scloandly Lau 43 gel! cpt nen LS Ll Ap all pe Any pe da panne A = [ai] OLS NY (2900 gl sl) Cane cal pealic Gs pes A sane olay! abd (V6 1) dia jal (Cal ga oi iil pall LDL hel Ail pall CDLLa dL (a gee gl) Gee pralio G pees SY Ld 13) Niky shell G gloss Latta Gy 9S @ilill Aa G18 gill] nen a 5) (apee sl) 2 AM Aa juall Openig y St nd af : aia) = 1 nagiA = (det A)I=1 det actA det A 1 detA Sa eal Mi pl lng 55. (6 10) Aa Cae Line y Lhd ad gala, (22.59 Alle gt )Ad pitas Un See Ata (adjA) «od ij (YG 99) See csi Gf qubtd aie (7 A) all 8525) pl! gio Qa A OSI adjA Usasy ally Us sSae A 4d piceall li IMy, det A =24 0c) anil A sane CON. (Te V+) dad 1 djA) = ata“) o. ATS ° Rie we RIL (Ye) Gk eidetA 5 (adjA)A « A(adjA) cee 1S Comal «(9) call (1) Ge Guta (25 Co) Ad ghee) 52 See Cusal 2-31 -1 12 K -2 5\(%) 0 6 3 OY [1 -1 3 475 vAihaseall 2101 -1 0 -12 63 0 0 1 30 2 0 sie) 2-1 0 0 ee 1 9131 f1 12 0 2 142 2110 boars 7 1301/0 -2°1 13 1142 Fale Gyslai(Y « £) Review Exercises cos® sind 0 20 pid pSee A =|—sin @ cos@ 0} Aapied ol ait) 0 0 1 VAT ual ease of Ctl dace Ilacl A pralic auee GulSy det A = 1 oIS 15 (7) Mief dagane alae! AT) police AS Ls See adjA Mi ginal of Cut Guy Sas eee a « 4y-l 1 oa ~} . : =——A=adiA { fadjay' = A= adi”) os of a Gay See Lighy 1 Sell ge dagh ee A era . det[adjA] = [det AJ"! vaAdige y ASI) a J canal! li Gy 5a dl (0) sina cosa sin(a+6)| .|sinB cosB sin(B+8))=0 siny cosy sin(y +8) Us Sae B Ad pina GISy n Aa jall yo ddgine Boy A Oe JS GIS 13 (1) moa gee xe JS(BAB)™=BIA™B ci ail Fa gall A CSI(Y) 0 aa’? a? A= 00 aa 000 a 000 0 1,2,1,3 144 re .B=A-=A*+=A°--A* +... Ody 2 300 4 (ARBs B+ SB +. datiig) .Baual (i) B Alice A Cus nda pall pe Msioe Bog A Ge AS Ue Ail (A) 1 UCMNLAS ALcke Ugal y Abas AL Cold gine Gyo Gf cis all ALi .AB+BA, AB-BA, A’, B’, A™B*A™ A= XY™-Y XT Say nx | Aaya oe dd giee Y 5 X Ge US GSU (4) XTy=yix daiiigy tds Ble A | atl (1) oli XTY=YTX=[k] OSs XTX=YTY=[1] HSIN) .X=(P-DArd Cun Le Sas A dd geaall Sead ill x ad we (1+)Slaseal) x 2 0 3 12 3 3 A= 1011 2113 OE gical Lal GS (11) 012 b+8c 2c~2b 4b—4e B=|2 0 1 3 A=|4c-4a c+8b 2a—2c 120 2b-2a 4a-4b a+8b Oe WS Qual det A () B! AB(\) B'(I) sad (vy) 11 1 1 a x boo by (a —o)( : =(x-a)(x- —c)(a-c)(c-a a? x2 Bb? 2 (x—a)(x—b)(x-c)(a—c)(c-a) a x bc? Bed da (1)\/% Ik a a al axaa 5 =0 laa x a aaa x J CB pn de pall ge digits Boy A Ge dS cus 19 (1 £) A BIg A+B) det(A-B “fp alr det(A +B) det(A- B) © OSs det(ABT)=-2 Ss See A Ad gical! IS 1310) AYAig y BA pol be ca apyet fb 3 .de(B) est A ced GAY! S| 3 1-1 -A=|0 2 0 111 (84 gl) AT! sauy alld pails A?- 4A +4] Ai senall Gun! ay an .det(A 21) =2? -tr(A)rA+detA : ol ada a-| [sse0n Ay) 422 Sus n Aaa ye Ad gies Bog A Ge JS cus 13) (1A) . det(A? B7A™BS) Gusalé det(B) =-det(A) = -2 Te WS cals det(A)=2 Ss 3 Ae yall ye ddgiee A Gus!) (19) .det(2A7) 5 det(2A)"' ,_— det(ATA!) AT Gd Un sSee A Aigivedll lS) AP 6A? + [IA ~ 61 = 0 USI (T*) .A ANa OLS IS) Led ued a pSee B Msc Ss aly aySee A Md gineall S15] (11) A “| ayia CT pd AS IS 13) Sie CH fas pGiaald Un pSee A dd piroall 4S pty Oli sdvee SOLS ABC GULS IY (VY), . det(AB + A7C) AYABs 5 (pS) yall (eV £) She 7 Cide plat) aUaill 65583 5} by, by, by cele Lgeny ina gill api ga X) — 2Xz + 5x3 = by 4x) — 5x) + 8x3 = by —3x) + 3x9 — 3x3 = bs dal ei Agel dap pall dee (cle Las gall dé goal ae gl Gugle Ai pb plain to 1 -2 5/|b, 1-2 5| » fa]=| 4-3 8 /b, a s}0 3 -12)b, 4b, 3] -3 3 -3]|b, 10 -3 12 [b;+3b, , ft -2 5] b 1-2 5] b Jo 1 = Soe | ag 1 ag oh lo -3 12|b3 +3b; 0 0 0 |b; +b, ~b, Ol. b, +b, —b, = 00S Ul Gay itd Gade aad) alba Gy SSI AL bi B - Ba|4(b,-4b,)| DB ay. b, = 5, -b, bi, -b, (PN) Ghd Veritnne ALAM) GY sbeal) Lebst Yole aree ue (10) coll (1) Ge GLa gd » age — Uagle Aish 5 Ua jla di ybAig y gh) pnd x+2y= 2 (%) x-4y=-1 3x+7y-3z=2 (£) 2x+5y+z=-4 2x + 6y +10z=-20 x-2y-z=1(1) xty+z=2 x+2y+2z=2 X1 ~ 2X) + x3 — 4x4 = 1 (A) Xy + 3X2 + 7x3 + 2x4=2 X1 — 12x) — 11x3 — 16x4=5 2x, + 3x2 + 4x3 + 5xy=6 xty= 005) 2x-y= 1 x+2y=-1 2x1 + X2— 3x3=1(1Y) Xy — X2 +. 2x3 =2 Xt X= 1 (18) Xy—X3=2 —2x) — x2 =3 xty=1()) x-y=0 3x+7y-3z=2 (Y) 2x+5y+z=-4 2x+6y+10z=3 x+y+z=4 (°) 2x+Sy-2z=3 x+7y-7z2=5 X17 Xp + 2x3 — x4=—-1 (Y) 2x + Xp — 2xy — 2xy =-2 x, + 2x2 -4x3+xy= 1 3x) — 3X4 = —-3 any txt xy + 4g = 2.4) Xy +X) +X3— 2x4=0 2x2 + x3 - 4x4 = 1 Xy + Xp +x3 7 %y=2(1)) 2x, + X_ + 3x3—X4= 1 3x-2y=4 ony. Sxty= 1 9x + Ty =-5Ayes) ciated Laka X1 + 3x — 2x3 + 2xs= 0 (19) 2x + 6xq — 5x3 — 2x4 + 4X5 — 3X6 =—1 5x3 + 10x4 + 15x6= 5 2x1 + 6X2 + 8X4 + 4X5 + 18X6= 6 4 Gade a) pail 4 Si Cus c 5 bia COS ai Ce (11) x-2y+5z=a 4x Sy + 8z=b 3x +3y-3z=¢ Yosse cag de ltl) AUlbill 6) 5S Uebel os ll b 5a Ge AS ai ne (1Y) Oa al ang Y cS ylall ye cil x+by=-1 axt2y= 5 + gilt olla da (1A) xtxy-y= 1 2x — xy + 3y?=13 x +3xy Hy’= 0 ceed Y axe casey be lll alba (95s Lela cme gil a ade ee (y/ Ua 41 ae 92 'Y J slall ge xtytz=4 z=2 (@ -4)z=a-2AGliglay phat) pall Yosse tue de ltl UBL by 9S Ueda! Oe lb ya a ue Oe (1+) wa 4 sage Yc shall Ge cies ax t+bz=2 ax tay +4z=4 ay+2z=b «gh glad da. 11) xy-2Jy +3zy =8 2xy -3/y +2zy=7 ~xy+y +2zy =4 ang al) lM UBL 695s hal oe ilo sb oa Ge dS ad Oe (YY) = (1,-1, 2) ax + by —3z=-3 -2x — by t+ez=-1 ax + 3y —cz=-3 «(Al Jo pte I (LD has la pat oe (YT) Xp + Xt X= 4 2x; — 4x4 =7 Xp tx) +x, =5 X1 — 3X2 — x3 — 10xy=a cglGW ALB of Cutlé dae ye Asia Palace d yc 6b oa Ce dS Cals 13 (1 £) 2 Gude ytyb) cyte Lb) Xp tx tx tXy=a X1— X—X3 + Xy=b TX) — Xp —X3 + XC 3x) + xX) — 3x3 — Txy=d p ggltdll Gy skeall aulai Lal USI (T°) 2x, +X) +x; =~6B Yk, +3X2+2x;= 26 2x, +X_+(y+I)x3= 4 _ Tagg She albaill GJ Ma y26 5 yx0 CHSIN(!) Vide pli tues B dary dad oa yal tld y= 0 Cals 14 (GQ) Allal) obs coi all Ua gue - 7 =6 Alla! UL (¢) + ggltl ala | asl (Wy Xy—X_—X4—-Sx5 =Q 2x, +X_—X3—4%4 4X5 =f X, +X_+x3—-4x4-6X5 =7 X, + 4x. +2x;-8x4-5x5=5 » 8a—B—-1]1y+58=0 CIS 13 Li 1 Gucie .8=8 , y=3 . G=B=-] Os basic pb Ja ye 2 US O83 SI bs 9 by by Ce JS le Uses Gray pill a gill ps La (YY) + Cache Cyall) yyelilStiga y gpd) ya X)+X_+2x3 =b; X, +X; =by dd) 2X, +Xz+3X3 =b3 X) —X_ +3x34+2x4=b, — 2x) +X_+5x3+X4 =b2 () — 3x, +2x.+2x3—X,4=b; 4x, —3x,+x3+3x4=by Assia call Ages) cisteall Aabail (6 Y) Homogeneous Systems of Linear Equations mxn Aaja edigies A Ge AX=B GYolud) Ab Lal oS GE B= OCIS IY | mx 14a pall 0 Ad gies Be nx] Se pall (ye Ad pine Xe (homogeneous system) Uxilats ali 43) J 58 AX = 0 plaill gle ioai (nonhomogeneous) Usilate ye alla aul J sii Lula B= 9 cals 13) Ld pill gl d= (0,0, 2... 0) CY Ads Gate Gailesall ail) of) eats ll 0 AGG je Ja oes 1) 4516/15 (trivial solution) a! Jatls Jali laa pauy 43 Sa oh asad ll ala (1 61) die jaa! plasil ald Guilaiall Lait) 5 Oho OF qpt Miia hy J shall Gye pile Y ane (¥ « £) Aap jue 2d keER OSs AX =0 called ala Dey, X Ge US IS 19 VedAgs) CN steal) Lad gall 1 -1 2 detA=|22 1 1/=10-0)+1(2-1)+2(0-1)=140 flo] co Aad atc) Jal) AULD ob Mls y Ca gSae A Ma gical old Jay (We) ols Cpe Aa yb Fase pUbill Ja Allg Aad Cue (£) Gl (1) Oe C2 Lal sla gue cue dsl x+y-z=0 (%) x-2y+z=0 ()) ay-z=0 x+ay—3z=0 x+ytaz=0 —x+6y-5z=0 ax+y+z=0 (t) x+2y+z=0 (T) x+y-z=0 x+3y+6z=0 x+y+az=0 2x+3y+az=0 Aine Aiplad ghd aS 5S plead) al CES) (1+) Gall (2) Ge a sLaill X, + 2x) —3x3=0 (1) X, +X2+X3=0 (0) 2x, +X2+3x;=0 —2x,-3x,=0 X, +5x,—-12x, =0 Xj, + 2x2 —-x3=0 vrGiga g (pS jeall X, +2X.+X3—X4+3x5=0 (Y) X +2X2 +2x34+X4+2x 2x; + 4x) +2x3—X4+7X5= Xj —X2 +4x34+X443x5=0 (A) —2x, +3xy -5x3+4x, =0 —X,+2xX)—x3+2x4+7x5 =0 —3x, + 5x. -6x3+2x4+11x;=0 XK, +X_—2K3 +3x4 +2x5 =0(9) 2X, —X_ +3x,+4x44x;5 =0 —X,—2x,+3x3+x4=0 3x, +X3+7X4+3x5=0 X—X_+2xX3—-X4+Xs5 =0(1+) 4x, -3X) —X3 +X4—2x5 =0 3x, — 2x. —3x3 +2x4—-3x; =0 6x; — 5x2 +3x3-x4=0 0B Jal) gp Lal Sha 2h a gf eal 011) W” xty=0 x-y=0 2x +3y=0 wal sbacli (eT) Cramer’s Rule Boel Gao Al May gh pps (V6 1 £) din ual! pad ail Iba (8 veAgha) cyl) Labi 1-1 1-1 6 [x1 aciz? 1 0) oe -1 xe] 1 2 =«1 =-2 5] 7 X3 3-1-2 1 -2 a 1 i asi dlls, det A=-32 Glas A mech, 6 -1 1 -1 16 1 -1 -1 1 0 1 2-10 1 A= : A= 5 2 1 -2 15 1 -2 2-1-2 1 3-2 -2 1 1-1 6 -1 1-1 1 6 2 1 -1 1 21 0 -1 A3= > Ag= 12 5 -2 12 1 °5 3-1-2 1 3-1 -2 -2 tf sai Glaaadd) Gluasy detA, =-32 , detA,=32 , detA;=-64 , detA, =64 1 dade x — detAy =1 , Fae det A, =-1 det A detA det A; det A, . X= =2 ; = 4-2 OS Get A x4 Get A (he) Gals + GyaUlal yo JS Gal yal S baelB padiul (1) yyAatblat y plat) jan 8x-6y =—-4 (C) 2x+3y=7 (i) 3x+2y=6 8x+y=-2 p pllaill Jal pl S sacl saul (1) 4 2x-6y+z=2 y+z=l x-y-z=0 | BYstel! alibi da (1) x-3y-z=-7 x-y-z=-2 x-6y-2z=-3 wl S bell plas (1) waste 4 pb aladiuh (2) (DLabeall Ad yinene Cu See pladisl (¢) + pula Jad ysl S 5aclé pasa (€) X, +X) +X; =a xX, +(l+a)x, +X3 = 2a X, +X_+(1+a)x; =0 pUaill 2 4 y ce SAaG tay yal S$ dacld asia! (0) 6x-y+3z=-3 9x+Sy-2z2=7 5x+y-8z=-2 + pllaill Glad Al) x Aad olay el S sacl sda (1)Ag)! 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WO 3 383785 % (te tty die coulwe={(a,b)eR?:a=b=0 J a20,b40} 4h jal Le pond Als (2,3), 62 5 ee We Stal dae gle « AYR? Ge Li je thal 1. 2,3)+€2,5)=(0,8)ew (£61) Gala clint 8 45 Fal) le goad pe on T) ll (1) ce Guba a 1 heal Cigaid clint ye de -W={(a,b,a-2b):asbeR}CR® ()) w {e 2 farcefomn (v) b J . W={AeM,,:detA=0}o M, (7)Cilgaial lp Lad . W={AeM,:A7=A} cM, -W={a,+a,xta,x?eP,:a, +a, +a, =0}oP, -W={feR(0,2|:f)=0} cF [0,2] .We={(x,y)eR?:2x+3y=0hoR? We {(x,y)eR?:xty=1}or? .W= (a, tax+a,x? eP,:a, =1,a, =a, }oP, LWe={(a,bcleR?:atb=c=0eR? W={(ab.c)eR?:a-b-c=0}oR? w-={(a,b,c)eR?:a+b =1,c=0}cr? W={(a,bc)eR? :ab=0}oR? wef t “aster fam a a -W={feF[0,1]:f @=f (D}c F[0.1] -W={f:£(0)=1}cF[0,1] -W={AeM,:A=-A™ }oMy a-[} Ales W={XeM,,:AX=XA}cM,, - W={xp(x):p(x)eP, JoP, We {x p(x) +(1-x)q (x):p@®), ga) P,}oP, .W={AeM,:A=A" JoMy, «2 Aaoall Os 4a shee B Cus W={AeM,,:AB=0}eM, Ubi ghee C 5B Cus .W={AeM,,:BAC=CAB}eM,, = 2 dasa oe -We{feF[0,1]:£@=f (Vx. ye[0.J}cF[0,1] cra) () () G) O) ) @) ) ony, Oy) Oy) Os) (ye) (0) a (A) O4) (vt) (%) (OAD) (OAD) ce)Alga y Abt) pal w-lrer oh Jrovax-o}<¥(0 (re) -W={(a,b,c.d):a7 +b’ =0for* (1) -W={(a+2b,a,2a-b,b):a,beRJCR* (XV) -W={a,b,c,d):a,b,c,deZ}oR* (YA) -W={AeM,,: te 42 A}oM, (14) -W ={AeM,,:tr(A)=0}oM,, (Y*) clad UW i tle V Oe Li je clad U 5 W Os dS ISI) (11) Vsti Ve Lie clei 9 W ot Bs ckais claiy oS (TY) Vos bije clad oY duUW dox(!) IUCWASIY bis V oe je clad vUW Jade ) . WoU Vos ide cba 0 5 W Oe dS OSS (TY) AV ce giie chad U+ We=fut+wiueU,wew} dad!) U+Wew, dot Ucw, Wow, Ss wsv SSI (2) Vie¥2 EV Say reais Ge SI pe og sing Clgate clad VOSS (TE) W=v, +kv,:keR}O SH) vy, =a, Ger weRiag Yes edie pt tre gle og sia V i eid pe Ve ie clad Ag jal) Sle Lunill verlgatall calplicd (£6 Mt) dhe I coal gl Ge 4 S= (-1,0,1),(1.-1, oR? CaS IY :OBINs. a, (-1,0,1)+a, (1,-1,0 )=(a, - a .-@, ,a,) O. (S)={@,-@, ,-@,,a,): a, €R} op glee cgi elind Gla go shag! Aas cate gy ltl Jtual) (#688) She Sue RP Oe W Gijall eLunill bal yall Glgatidl Que LW={(x,y,z)er?:xty+z=0} dal dB (x.y,z)eW SIS My. z=-x-y Ud xtytz-0 ly (x. y.z)=(x.y,-x-y}=(,0,-x)+(0,y,-y) =x(1,0,~1)+y(0,1,-1) O. w ds s={(1,0,-1,(0,1,-0} obates (eth) dhe CO) as WY p(x)eP, GY p(x)=ay ta,xta,x? +...¢a,x" of le O. P=(1,x,x7,...,x") (461) oud 9 (1,0,1) «(1,-1,1) Sle tald pbs OS 5S (1,-7,5) ASIC) Vv -(1,1,0)ASligaaS y BS) ual) 9(1,-1,3)«(2,1,4) gaia bs oS S(-9,-7,-15) Kasi Y) + (3,2,5) 3 (1,-1,3)«(2,1,4) Gleatall pbs AS 5S (0,0,0) S(T) -(3,2,5) © (2,1,0,3) lget a bs OS 6 S(2 ,3,-7,3) asi(e) - ¢1,0,2,1)s (3,-1,5,2) 23x? +x425 —xX41 Cogriall pba GSS x7 41 Clo) ex? H29 XP HKE XE] Clgatall hd OS JS 2x7-3x41 GEV) 3x? -K+1 64x? +x42 Glgatall phd GS $6 9x7 48x47 51 (V) 25x? 42x43 5 7 eps | 4] i snl ghd aS 5S a-| ; 0 10 301 welt] ao] a[ |) ess a(S | wSI(a) -2 -2 0 2 1-1 = A,= ee [ | ; ° [: 3 dei S={v, =(1,2,8),¥, =(3,0,1)}oR? GSN (1+) £ w=(-1,4,15 )e(S) S={v, =(1,2,3),v, =(3.1,2),¥,=(4,1,0)}oR? 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USES RF (ye Alte Ag jal ile goal Go Gl Gn (1) PRE Glatal - {(0.17,8).(1,7,5).(2.-3.2)} (I) -{(V2,0,42 (V3,0,6 ),(0,-V6.V3) (2) - {(1,2,1),(1,3,1),(2.3,1)} (4) - {(2,1,3).(-1,2,1),(3.0,0)} (2) eliadl Lalul USS Rt Gye AML AS jal Sle ged) Ge UI G(T) DRY Cleat - {(4,1,0,0),(1,0,1,0),(0,1,0,1),(0,0,1,1)} (1) -{(,1,3,-1),(1,1,-1,-1),(2,2,2,-2),(3,3,1,-3)} (2) -{(3,8,7,-3),(1,5,3,-1),(2,-1,2,6),(1,4,0,3)} (-¥) -{(3,0,-3,6),(0,2,3,1),(0,~2,-2,0),(-2,1,2,1)} (3) eluadd Lalal USS p, (ye AMlill 45 jall Cle gona ge Ui Gu ( £) : P, gail . {t,x4t,x?-x} (1) {x0 41x? -1,x7 41,x7-1 VOY » (x? 43x45, 5x? +3x41,x? +x+1} (4) . {xt5,-x?-x41,2x7 4x43 (2) clea Lalu US ML, Gs Aull A pall Sle gem!) Go GI Ge (2) 1M, Glgatalt (03h E oh aE spo ABBE Sh Thegatall Cle liad {CLE LG de {abl EE ype Aiea A jal le Lunall Go JS sary ald xe (1) . W={(a,b, shar bees0}eR” “ -W={(a, ee =b+e =0} 4 4-5 |C*) A={1 3 -2/(5) - 2-4 3 5-3 5-4 1 () a-[5 11 Veo 1 2- 3-1 5-1 1-1 5 1 3 A= 4 6Pees) ea ay el Pe (3) ules 4] (4) 3-2 1-2] 1127 221 12 1 11-11 A=/1 10 0 11] (5) 3932 23 55335 le garall ye US (gle og sing gl gheall Glgatall eluail Lala! que (A) 2 ll Leda s={(1,0,1,0),(0,1,1,1)} «v=R‘( 1) .$={14x,1-x4x?-x'}eV=P,(o) offi pee S={(0,0,1,1),(1,1,1,1)} «V=R* (2) .S= {x?41,x7+x} © VeP, (4) Lah 2 1 ll Clgacial de game Os Gye iphone Cigaie oluad ISI Lull oe (4) yl $={(2,1,4),(1,3,-2).(0.1,-1),,-6,18),(-2,1,-6) }«V=R? (1) »S={2+x,34x?,x?-2x-1,x? —x }V=P, (s) 1-1 0 1]f1 1] f1 0 tort ™ self AL THE ML olf HL? ol - S={(1,2),(1,3),(-2,3),(4,1)} ©V=R? (2) S={(-1,1,0),(1,0,-1), (3,2,1) (0,1,1)}*V=R* (3)gatall Gip liad ‘V=R‘ (5) ¢ - S={(1,1,0,0),(0,1,1,0),(0,0.1,1),(1,0,0.1),(1,0,1,0)} » S={x? +x-1,2x?-3,3x41,x?-x-2} © V=P, (3) Bla Clytiudl «RI {(0,0)} ga RP Oe At jell leLaadll of asl (1. ) » ual! Aleit: 3 Lal) ls giusall « Quail! Abadiy CAIUS 13) Lad g 13)? Lendl lal {(a,b),(a,,b,)}o) edly ) .P, eleadll all {a+bx,a, +b,x} -AcS US AP=A OS Cee My, Cleat eluail § Lui ge (17) Dales & ane GS Cass Py Clgatall eLaail ula olay gabiias da (11) ST pines og glans 2 malic: (ye JS Cale sera! Ge csl Gnd V lgatell eLuadl all {u,v,w} SSI (1) 1 Vi eluadll Lull (3 4ultal {2u+v+3w,3u+v—w,u—4w}(“) fusvaew.vew} (IW . {uju+wou-w,v+w} (2) {u,ut+vew} (+) OD Sedat Rialsigh algae das) yeti Sade gonad Se da (10) 8 Lad Ae 6 W=({¥.¥2.5%sv}) OSs U=({¥,,¥25...¥, 4) OSCNT) . dimW =dimU+1 di J dimwW=dimU J asa 3 4(2)=0 + p(1)#0S p(x),q(x )eP, ISIN ( VY) _P, ebsaill stal {p(x ),q(x)} of catlé p(2)=0=a(1) PO Gtl V os Wa leLetW 5 U ce dS oS I ( 14) pol atl Un W={0} oS 15. dim(U+ W )(x-y+z) : a= (-x+y+z) pO aa (V1) Aa ual) peta y T(x, y.z)=a, T(1,1,0)+a,T(1,0,1)+@,T(0,1,1) =H(x+y-2)(1,2 JeF(x-yt2)(-1 ep (-x+¥42)(2,3) =(-x4+2y,2y4+z) bygt iglbadll LAN agai Ly yeh Baelé Old O. T(x y,z)=Cx+2y,2y+z) (VN) abe gS asad g8 Aig Oli ye UI oe (TT) all (1) Ge Casha gt .T(x,y)=(2x-y,x+y) Ge TR? >R? (1) .T(x,y)=(2x,x+y,x-2y) Se T:R?>R?(‘) -T(x,y.z J=xty+z Ss T:RoR (T) -T(x,y)=(x-y,y.xty) GT: R? oR (£) Txy)s(y,x) Se TR? oR? (°) -T(x,y,z)=(x,y,-z) Se TR? oR? (1) » T(x,y.z)=(2x-3y+5z,0) Se TR? saR7(Y) T(xy)=(x,y) Ge TR? oR? (A) VAgba) cob gal) -T(x)=x? Se T:RoR (4) -T(x,y,z)=(0,2x+y) Ge T:R?>R? (1+) -T(x,y,z)=(xy,y,x-z) Ses T:R' oR? (1)) - T(x,y,z)=(x,siny, 2x¢y) Ge T:R?>R? (NY) -T(x,yJeyxtty? os T:R?OR (1) -T(p(x))=xp(x) SG T:P,>P, (1£) -T(p(x))=x°+ p(x) GS T:P,>P, (12) -T(p(x))=p(0) Ss T:P>R()%) Tax" + a,x" 4-taxta, J=a, oe TPR) . T(ax?+bx+c)=2ax+b oe T: P,P, (YA) . T(ax?+bx+e Jefax'stbx’ sex Gs T:P,>P, (14) .T(ax?+bx+c )=a(x-1) + b(x-1)+c Gs T:P,>P, (1+) oe TPP, (%)) -T (a,x? +a,x? +a,x+a, )=(a, +a, )-(a,+2a, )x? -T(A)=AT+ A Ge T:M,,>M,, (TY) CedisioeP CussT(A)=PAQ Ge T:M,, 9M, (11) xs Aa pall edd gieeQ 4 rxm aval .T(A)=det(A) Se T:M,, oR (YE) -T(A)=I+A Se T:M,,9M,, (T°) -T(A)=AA7 Gs T:M,,->M,, (11) z -T(x,y,2)=] 7 ‘| Ge TER'oM, (TY) a, -a. . -T(ayranvae’ Jef] Se rem omy (14) .T(A)=rank (A) Ge T:M,,>R (19) v4Alyy JD) yd) Ge T: RoR? (T+) .T(x,y,2)=(2x+3y-z,24+x+y,3|x—32z| ) T(A)=3AT Gs T:M,,,>M,,, (T)) dala edigheeM 5 T(A)=A+M S® T:M,,,>M,,, (TY) -Slibes nxm Aa yall js tlaee digkoeM 9 T(A)=AMG&ST:M,,>M,, (TY) .n PBS aga oh One Gaaleill LS 13 Lad cw (74) (TE) Gee Lal 4 .V=C[a,b] Gs . T(£(x) )r( #42) Gs T:VoR (Tf) | T(t(x))= —fla)st(o) ee T:VoR (Te) . T(f(x))= Je x)dx Se T:vVov (1) _T(E(x))= Jae (x)ax GaT:Vov (TY) TOR(x))=f(44e(x)Jdx Ge TVov (TA) .T(£(x))=3f6)-2 fe(x)dx Ge TVov(TS) Cue Ld Sy ga Ganall Gall IS 1 Lad 8 (1) cll (£9) Ge GLa (A sxe GEOU AL, R Lellee gil gall Quem Oe OS lgaiiall cLaad ya V yall Gye Alida ye T(f(x))=f'(2) S= T:vor (#:) . T(f(x))=£7(4)4+3f'(4) Ses T:vR (£1) - T(#(x))=f'(0)+3 Se T:voR (ty) theLT(E(x))=£"(x)44+ ft (x)ax oa T:Vov (tr) & 3 T(1,1)=(1,-2) J erbhs Lixt: Ri oR? USIY( ££) »T(x,y) ostdaelé Ged T(1,0)=(-4,1 ) T(2,-1)=(1,-1,1 ) ol Guy Ghd yas Ts RR? SR? ISI (£0) TT (x,y) psscelé ond T(1,1)=(0,1,0 ) 5 J Gus Gha Su TR? oR? UISIY( £1) Oe LS esl 7(1,0,1)=(1,-1, 3) 9 T(1,0,1)=(1,-1,3 ) le GL SY J, T(4,-8,12) 4 T(1,2,-3) © T(8,3,2) SITE FL Che dea Ge T(3,0,4) Se v,,¥,,V,6V cUSs ght Last TVR OLSIN( EV) =F sat T(v,)=(-3,1,2) 9 T(¥,)=(0,3,2) © T(v,)=(1-1.2) ¢ - T(2¥,-3v, +495) T:VV Gubill of ld OxuEV OSs lenis cliad V OLS IY ( £4) ohh Se T(v)=veu Selly a pal 2 Gy Ghs Suy5 T:P, oP, ISIN ( £4) eT (x? 4x41 eee T(x*J=x? 5 T(x41)=0 © T(x-t)=x T (a, +a,x+a,x?) ce ri cus: Ghs Sugai TIM, oR USI ( +) 0 1 r t]° Pleo st]? Jao « tf? Me-n «oft Jes 01 10 10 00 ST (w ) 5 T(v) eS cusald Laba Nagas T:VoV Osi (oy) 1 Of Cade YAYAcgy Sd yan . T(2v-w)=2v 5 T(u+w)=v-2w (1) - T(v-w)=2v-4w 5 T(v+2w)=3v-w (S) Bac peal THR? SR? (chal Jy sacill bina) 4a pineal! Sue ( OY ) .T(x,y)=(3x+2y,5x4+4y) Srey Ged) TIR? 5 R? hal dy gail salted) 4a geal ye (O17) - T(x,y)=(8x-4y,-4x47y) Bact baal T2R? 9 R? phd) Segall lina 4a gioall Gye ( O€ ) »T(x,y,z)=(2x+3z,3y+2z,2x+5y) Saclay Gael) TR? > R? hall dp gail balieall 43 gireall ye ( 00 ) T(x,y,z)=(2x-3y+5z,0) Baclills Geel TR? > R? glad) ds gail Salina) 4a doll Gye (07) T(x, y)=(x+7y,3x-2y,4x+45y) Saclay 4 eal TRS > R? phSlh Segall Salieall dé poll Gur ( OV) -T(x,y,z,t)=(x-y,z-t,y+z) Src Gaal Tot Rs phsll dy gail Salina! 48 girenall Gue (OA) T(x, y,z,t)=(2x+3y+z,-y+3z-t,3x-Sy+t,5x+y+z) dese T, sR" SR™ OSS mxndauall ys dd sihee A OSUI( 04) egal ager B GUSIY 7, (v)= Av saci a wall bed J A=Bd o88 T, = 7, Se mxndauall Sus T(x,y)=ax+By oc abl bbs uss5 TR? > ROSIN (T+) -@,peR » GBS Sus TsV > WSC) ) eli T(U)={T(m):weU Jo Bl V Ge bie chad U S13 (1) LW Ot ie YAYAgbaY COL gal T(U)={ veV:T(v) cU fol G8 W os Lije hed U OKIN( GH) | WV Oe gle ola’ Vireo ¥, eV Sas Gha Suss3 TV Ww OSI IY) Wider {v,,...,v, fol Ctl Ges Aline (T(v,),...,7(v,)} ISHN (1) Layee O83 OI Boy alls Gall (1) 2 ll USE of IC) OSs Gba Ss LV > Wo T:V > Wee dS S(T) 1si R™ ball Guus AX=B 4gbAll GYsted! Ubi do pe Agha Mle! Ge mxn a sa3 5 os Desai GSI Ld | GIL Jails 28 Atal oka Ltd of y aladtul lela (Sey dubald GYoles Ye syle ot Ayes AILwall bi GULEY! Geel gall cg Led oe pet oll (5 AY) Apes iLeall Spe assed! dllia'y JatSl 2 ESD Apel Classe) Lae gb sf Shacks Nh ys Least gel G09. A Ai pine Abs yo 4b je Cle Liad Gusts)! uaa) g§ Lead al GE. T, (v= Av isiveall Jz sail! lel AL iall 4g pall Cle Lindll slay Lay! jal) olaaill hb mx ndash Ys da stas A USIY Go pedll day varFy edly sacl (exne reso) ” AWS casel 5 T plas Segall 8 guy 8 95 Cue (VY) call (1) Ge GLa i - _ seal) Ain jue 2 Gis nnullity(T) » rank(T) q 2 Saclay Ci peal T :Ré>R (1) 4 T(x,.x.%5.X4 )=(x, +2x,,.x, -3x,,x, +4x, ) } pact Gaal TR? oR‘ (1) = © T(x, 4%. 5%5 )= (x, +X, 2%) $3X5,—X, +X, +Xs,X, +X, +2x, ) - T(x,y,z)=(x+y,x+y,0): Wb Gell To Re oR?) of - T(x, y,z)=(x,x,y,y): del aed Ti ReoRt(t) OB -T(x,y,z)=@x+y-z,x+2y +z): bells G eal Ts RP->R7(0) pbc ded T: RS oR (1) T(x, ,%,.%5,%, =x, +2x, 43x, +4x, T(x,y,z)=(x+y,x-y+z,y42z): sell a eT: RB? > RI(Y) 2 baclil Gell T2 RA SRI(A) T(x, 0x, 5%5 5X4 )=(2x, +X, —X, 3X, 5%, 3X; +X4 5%, +X, —4x, +2x, ) 1 2-11 -A=]1 0 1 1 | Cue gasimeall eget T. s RS oR? (1) 2-4 6 2 1 2 -3 0 3 -6 21 0 cae]! 3 ye giyinal de 7, eR? oR! (1) -1 2 1 0 -1 1 0-1 sa A og A Sue ished disill TD Rt Rt (1) ) 1-2 0 0lig y hist yin 2 Cus glsiaall asi T. RS SR? (11) 3-2 6 -1 15 -A=/4 3 8 10-14 2-3 4 -4 20 Se gisheadl dst T, RS oR (ST) Sal pal TP, >M,, (1£) a, aya, Tay ta, xa, x? )= ' Jaa @,4a, 2a,-a, 7 baclally a pall T >My, > P, (10) a, a a, m 912 443 2 .T Jeteueands + (ay — ane )x+a,s An Ar. Ads 1-1], seit 3 [| (oe T(A)=XA Baclill eel TM, >My, (17) Cus T(A)=AX-XA Sse a edIT > M,, >M,, (VV) 42 . X= [o :Saclilly i eel T: M,, 9M), (14) t a b]_| a-b+2c+d -a+2c+2d ““Le d] [a-2b+5c+4d 2a-b+e-d - T(p(x))=x? p'(x) : dell Gad Ts P,P, (14) . T(atbx+cex? )=(a,b): deli aad) T: P,oR? (T+) - T(p(x))=((0),p(1)) : dele anal T: PR? (11) van| ghd dy gai rset Gad T: POR (YY) ; . T(ay ta, xtea,x" }ra «Bald Leal y gata (XV) Go (1) Ge Gta gd COL gall Ge UI Ge (YT) oe LS Oey, Lyall 5 SLs OLS 15) Las See bs a gat of Sp ( Ye) 2 baclill ca peal pha Usa po RioR? OSH Te) Sk 4. T(x, y,z,t )=(x-242t,-2x4y4+2z,y44t) Ja A day tl Ge ASF (13k Je ImT 4a ed J nat - (x, ly ekerT Oneill bulge Ay gee QS Cues TT RP oR? Lhd Yat oe (11) - (1,2,3 ) 5(4,5,6) Oysidl talye gd OS Cues Ts Rt oR? Ghd Ui oe (YY) - (1,2,3,4) 5 (0,1,1,1) aged of Calli Ga ghee Lely Aaya (ye dey padi ginae B CALS} (YA) ddi AeM,, OS T(A)=BA Sela Gaal TM, >M,, ball | gall Saal Qedighon A Cus gi pad diet TF. R™ RPGC TA) > Ooi smxn sank (A Jom S13) bids! dbs 7, (1) i -rank(A )=n S13) bis 1 sata! T, () . dim W + dim W4 =dim V Gi CABY Cdk sail sel) Zin jue pasta (T+) «Sel pele V (gldlall Gs pall liad Ge 6a eld W Cus rank (A )=rank (ATA )=rank (AAT )ol GUBY sal dia jue pascal (1) ) .mxn 4ajal Ge A 4a sites JS 2 AMIS AIG SI lal of ctl bbs Liye, ROR" USI ( TT) vayAggy pl) jal) sdet A#0(2) See T (a) ET (G) GEST (1) Oadl, Gha Ys5 TR" SRO TT) 2 LE YS oJ OS YT old n cm S19 () dim (ImT) muS 19 (2) T:VOR? Os GS Sst L:VOR 5 F:VOR ce dS SA(TE) veV LSI T(v)=(L(v),F(v))ssetily a roll Suleill bide Toot (1) . ker T=kerLakerF J ail( a) | MLSs AO CI uel cue o) tli bbs Sue Tov Ww OSI Te ) = .T=0 (4) ImT=0 (@) — kerT=V (1) {la b . . Y=1[- § |rasecbea} osicry af? j jate-b-4 actly a ed Geb Ts M,, 9 OS (1) My, gia clad V OI xiii ker T=V oly del Sdiet Ty all ea Ls Jaga 4 . dimV=3 ds b ay . “ a rare seb Gell §:VoR Gubill J ati(c) c . dim (ker) Gusal , dali hs W={AeM,,, :AB=0} OSs. n Aa pall ye dey yo Md pee B OSU TV) .V={AB:AeM,, } Cleat) clied yo Li je tliad dim W+ dimV =mndi Goi 1 Baclilly Ged pbs) Jaya) T: M,, > M,, (TA) Yaa4gb8)) Cd ya .T(A)=A-AT % _ ABLGal) C sieeall asa Oe SG ker T of ath (1) LAS ABLaal) Ud pial eae Gye OS ImT dati( ay ez Abit) Cols gaill yaa (1) Algebra of Linear Transformations CilsLeall ode Gh Gusts Mba Du yall gle Glibee Ca jets all (da 8 BLAM (yo yah AUIRS | CHa gall gle Gibenll UgHiad 1 Lgusdd al gl) pias clad ee gball DY gail Le game Gf Lazy) Cushy + Slgaiall leLaad Guay Vay Ugild ay Cilgetie clin’ Ye Ble pa W Oats clini oY Gleais wget) pel) gb Ll ducal al Leith (469) as 2 W lgatall clad oll V Cilgeiall clad co bs Sunt T 5 § Ow US OSS -@eR Sy 2 Waal § +7 Epona ies (1) . vev dS! (S+T)(v)=S(v)+T(v) 2 Aa ah § —T Gyill Gyn ( 1) .vev dS! (S-T)(v )=S(v)-T(v) Wb @eR Gs gSasu pallia( 1) -ve VAS (aS )(v)=aS(v)“Itc. 1-3 Jf |[[(2.1,-2 Jb (1.1.0) 4-1 =|-3 -2 0 -3 -3 2 [rk =[[70,0,0) k{fr(0,1,0)k [10.0.1 )k} =[[(2,0,-3 [11 (010k) re Pa=ll( (ia.0)4{ oe |[0.1,0} | [ey O.cPolTh Py =[Th doe Sia deal Gay (168) Ghd Wo V Gataill Gall C={w,,w, }s Bafy,,v,,¥, } OSIN()) Ging hs Sagat Ts VOW Ss coll sil le .T(v, )=3w, -5w,,T(v, )=-w, +6w,,T(v; )=4w, C 9B Cpsud Auailly T Up gsill 4a pene cyad gy Ri clLiunill ted! LY 58 B={v,,v,,v, }OLSIN(T) 2 Gis; Ghd Su T: RI? W OSs W elanill old C={w,,w,.w, | rowel. T(x,y,z)=(z-y )w,-(x+y )w, +(x-y )wy » T(v,) «T(v,) © T(vs) C1) -[t@)hb © [th ¢ [Tk (2) ryeig JS 59) + C 5B OM Aull T Usaill 4 oe( a) V cLail Ld B={v,.v,,v, } Say baa Lye TV ov oS(T) 0 -6 1 . T(3v,-4v,) cual. [T],=)0 5 -1] Ge li -2.7 Lid C={v,.¥..vy.¥,} 9 B={uy,u,.as.uy} Ge dS SA(E) iiss Ghs I igs T-VOV UGls . V Clgatall cLiadl T(u,)=2u,-3u,+u,, T(u, )=4u,-Su, =e .T(u, )=u,+4u,,T(u,)=5u, +u, -u, . [Th oC) v, =U, +5u,¢v, =U, +u,—3u,¢ v, =u, —2u, tu, tu, DSI (a) -veV dS Ply]. =[v }, os Cu P Agi ued vy =u, 5 - [Tk ai(+) 2; Clgaiall pbs oS 3S T(v, ) isl (2) C={w,,w,,W;} 9 B={v,,v,,¥5 } Ce Ss Cleats clad V GSI(° ) Cus bbs Liye TiVoV Uy V clad! LL T(v,)=v,-3¥3.T(v, )=2v,+5v5,T(v; )=2¥,+7¥; +¥5 W,=2v,- Vv, .W,=-V,+¥, ,W3=-V¥,+V3 V,=W,+w, VY, =W, +2w, , v;=W, +w,t+W; [th ell [Tk =P[T], PGRSP USDA ee we (4) -[T]. esl (+) vrs| | | | i 211 A=|2 3 2| Sy bb IiyT: R’o>R? (1) 112 LDU Asal T pall Byall dd pines Cue, T figall Salina! di piel! -B={(1,2,1),(-1,1,0),(1,0,-1)} 6 0 -3 0 4 2 -1 -1[ er epee, soot A= aan ; Sly bha Liye T: Ri oR OSI(Y) 62 0 -1 AY! 9 Bus [T], cul T Ayal! sated da ill . B={(1,1,1,2),(3,3,4,8).(3,4,3,6),(0,1,01)} 9 Ba{1,1-x,x—x? } Ge dS OSs Uhs | Bye T: P, oP, OSA) -1 2 i 1 b | iss, eattuad coftext ton 28} -1 0 34] » [Th om Ss Gha Lis T: P,P, ea, Cusp oluaill uh B= {3x4+3x?,-143x42x7,347x+2x? } 13 -1 AT}=}2 0 5 6-2 4 . veB OS [T(v)], esl (1) -veB OSI T(vy) Gual( a) T chy pst dacll Qe (2) T(1+x?) cual (a) Maal T pall Ja gail Ad pinene Crit (1+) call (V+) Coe Casall Ge US gf V hee date JS ald (16 +) in puall dace Gye Bind ob 9 J sll Qala rryAil hi) yn © T(x, y.z)=(x+2y-z,3x+4y-2z2) Ge T: R?>R? (1+) B={(1,0,1),(0,1,0),(1,0,0) }*«C={(1,1),(1,-1)},v=(1,-1,2) bau y)=(x-y,0.x+y) G87: R? oR? (1)) - B={(1,2),(1,1)}« C={(1,1,1),(1.1,0),(0,1,1)},¥=(2,3) a y,z.t)=(xt+y+z+t,t-x) Ge T: R‘oR? (11) C={(1,1),(0,2)}, » B={(1,0,0,1),(0,1,0.1),(1,0,1,0),(1,7,0,0) } v=(1,-1,2,-1) ©T(atbx+cex? J=(at+b,c)Sss T: P, oR? (1) B={I,x,x?} «© C={(1,-1),(1,1)} ¢ vel-x42x? ©v=(1,3,-4) © T(a,b.c )=c+bxtax? GST: RI OP, ('£) . B={(1,0,0),(1,1,0),(0,1,1)} «C= (14x,14x?,x} v=2-3x4x? « T(atbxtcex? J=b+2ex Gs T: P,P, (1°) wB={i,x,x?}, C={x,1+x?,x?-1}+ -2 «tlasbxeer? Je 5 Ss T:P,3M,, (11) -¢ an eponeabelf FE IE IE I » vs143x-2x? © vel+x?—3x?+2x* © T(p(x))=p'(x) > T: P,P, (1Y) B={1,x,x?,x?,x*} + C={1,x,x?,x°} vel+x?,¢ T(p(x))=xp(x)s T:P,>P, (1A) B={I,x,x?} «C={1,x,x?,x7} © vsl+x—x? ¢T(p(x))=xp(x-3) Ss T:P,>P, (14) Ba{1,x,x?} © C={1,x,x7,x?} rry