ENERGY PROFILE

Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL 7: ENERGY INDICATORS (2018)
Renewable energy (% of TFEC) 14.6 Access to electricity (% of population) 100.0
Energy efficiency (MJ per $1 of GDP) NaN Access to clean cooking (% of population) >95
Public flows renewables (2018 USD M) 0.4 Per capita renewable capacity (W/person) 574.515
TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY (TPES)

TPES 2013 2018 Total primary energy supply in 2018

Non-renewable (TJ) 2 452 316 1 479 721 -0% Oil
Renewable (TJ) 355 823 81 639 5%
Total (TJ) 2 808 140 1 561 360 Gas
Renewable share (%) 13 5
46%
Nuclear
Growth in TPES 2013-18 2017-18
49%
Non-renewable (%) -39.7 -17.8 Coal + others
Renewable (%) -77.1 -32.8
Total (%) -44.4 -18.7 Renewables

Primary energy trade 2013 2018 Renewable energy supply in 2018

Imports (TJ) 156 204 409 119
Exports (TJ) 4 954 548 3 285 194 Hydro/marine

Net trade (TJ) 4 798 344 2 876 075

Wind
Imports (% of supply) 6 26 34%
Exports (% of production) 64 74 Solar
Energy self-sufficiency (%) 275 285
66% Bioenergy
Net trade (USD million) + 85 545 n.a.
0%0%
Net trade (% of GDP) +23.1 n.a. Geothermal

RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Consumption by source 2013 2018 Renewable energy consumption in 2018

Electricity (TJ) 240 368 22 004
Heat (TJ) 0 0 Electricity
Bioenergy (TJ) 44 806 27 845
Solar + geothermal (TJ) 0 0 Heat
44%
Total (TJ) 285 174 49 849
Electricity share (%) 84 44 56% Bioenergy

Consumption growth 2013-18 2017-18 Solar +

Renewable electricity (%) -90.8 -56.3 geothermal
Other renewables (%) -37.9 -13.8
Total (%) -82.5 -39.7
Industry
Consumption by sector 2013 2018 18%
Industry (TJ) 129 789 24 761 Transport
Transport (TJ) 749 0 50%
Households (TJ) 93 643 16 044 Households
Other (TJ) 60 993 9 043 32%

Other
Renewable share of TFEC 15.3 14.6
 ELECTRICITY CAPACITY AND GENERATION

Capacity in 2020 MW % Renewable capacity in 2020

Non-renewable 16 844 50 0%
0%
Renewable 16 598 50 Hydro/marine
Hydro/marine 16 521 49
Solar 5 0 Solar
Wind 71 0
Bioenergy 0 0 Wind
Geothermal 0 0
Total 33 442 100 Bioenergy
100%
Capacity change (%) 2015-20 2019-20 Geothermal
Non-renewable + 5 0.0
Renewable + 9 0.0 Net capacity change (MW)
Hydro/marine + 9 0.0
Non-renewable Renewable
Solar + 18 0.0 1 600
Wind 0 0.0
1 400
Bioenergy 0 0.0
Geothermal 0 0.0 1 200
Total + 7 0.0 1 000

Net capacity change in 2020 (MW) 800

Non-renewable Hydro and marine 600

400
0 0 200
0
Solar Wind
- 200
0 0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Bioenergy Geothermal Capacity utilisation in 2019 (%)

0 0 Fossil 7
Nuclear
Generation in 2019 GWh % Hydro/Mar 10
Non-renewable 10 348 40
Renewable 15 208 60 Solar 15
Hydro and marine 15 113 59 Wind 14
Solar 7 0
Bio
Wind 88 0
Bioenergy 0 0 Geo
Geothermal 0 0
Total 25 557 100 0 20 40 60 80 100

Per capita electricity generation (kWh) Renewable generation (GWh)

Total Renewable Hydro/marine Solar Wind Bio Geo
5 000 100 000
4 000 80 000
3 000 60 000
2 000 40 000
1 000 20 000
0 0
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
 TARGETS, POLICIES AND MEASURES
3 7 4
Most immediate clean energy targets & NDCs
year target
Renewable energy:
Renewable electricity: 2019 613 MW (additional)
Renewable capacity:
Renewable transport:
Liquid Biofuel blending mandate:
Other transport targets:
Renewable heating/cooling:
Renewable Hydropower
Off-grid renewable technologies:
Energy efficiency (Energy):
Energy efficiency (Electricity):
Latest policies, programmes and legislation
1 Law on Rational and Efficient Use of Energy 2011

2 National renewable energy registry 2007

3 Hydrocarbons Organic Law 2006

4 Sowing Light Programme 2005

5 Resolution No. 216 Setting of the Fiscal Value of Associated Natural Gas 2003

References to sustainable energy in Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)

Conditional Unconditional unit
- Renewable energy
- electricity
- transport
- heating/cooling
- Energy efficiency

ENERGY AND EMISSIONS

Energy-related CO2 emissions by sector Elec. & heat generation CO2 emissions in 2019
Elec. & heat Other Industrial Transport Other Buildings
-35%
200 0% Coal + others
Mt CO2 Emissions

150
20 44% Gas
100
56% Mt CO 2
50
Oil
0.0
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Avoided emissions from renewable elec. & heat CO2 emission factor for elec. & heat generation
Emitted CO2 RE Avoided CO2 VEN South America World

100 1 000
Mt CO2 Emissions

80 800 774
tCO2 /GWh

60 600
40 400
20 200 226

0.0 0.0
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Avoided emissions based on fossil fuel mix used for power Calculated by dividing power sector emissions by elec. + heat gen.
 RENEWABLE RESOURCE POTENTIAL
Distribution of solar potential Distribution of wind potential
World Venezuela World Venezuela

100% 100%

80% 80%

Proportion of land area

Proportion of land area

60% 60%

40% 40%

20% 20%

0% 0%
<1200 1200-1400 1400-1600 1600-1800 1800-1900 1900-2000 >2000 <260 260-420 420-560 560-670 670-820 820-1060 >1060
Annual generation per unit of installed PV capacity (kWh/kWp/yr) Wind power density at 100m height (W/m2)

Biomass potential: net primary production Indicators of renewable resource potential

5 6 Solar PV: Solar resource potential has been divided into seven
classes, each representing a range of annual PV output per unit
4 7
of capacity (kWh/kWp/yr). The bar chart shows the proportion
of a country's land area in each of these classes and the global
distribution of land area across the classes (for comparison).
8
3
Onshore wind: Potential wind power density (W/m2) is shown
in the seven classes used by NREL, measured at a height of
100m. The bar chart shows the distribution of the country's
2 9 land area in each of these classes compared to the global
distribution of wind resources. Areas in the third class or above
are considered to be a good wind resource.

10 Biomass: Net primary production (NPP) is the amount of

1
carbon fixed by plants and accumulated as biomass each year.

0
8.5 11
It is a basic measure of biomass productivity. The chart shows
the average NPP in the country (tC/ha/yr), compared to the
tC/ha/yr global average NPP of 3-4 tonnes of carbon per year.

= Global average of 3-4 tC/ha/yr

Sources: IRENA statistics, plus data from the following sources: UN SDG
Database (original sources: WHO; World Bank; IEA; IRENA; and UNSD); UN
World Population Prospects; UNSD Energy Balances; UN COMTRADE; World
Bank World Development Indicators; EDGAR; REN21 Global Status Report; IEA-
IRENA Joint Policies and Measures Database; IRENA Global Atlas; and World
Bank Global Solar Atlas and Global Wind Atlas.

Additional notes: Capacity per capita and public investments SDGs only apply
to developing areas. Energy self-sufficiency has been defined as total primary
energy production divided by total primary energy supply. Energy trade
includes all commodities in Chapter 27 of the Harmonised System (HS).
Capacity utilisation is calculated as annual generation divided by year-end
capacity x 8,760h/year. Avoided emissions from renewable power is calculated
as renewable generation divided by fossil fuel generation multiplied by reported
emissions from the power sector. This assumes that, if renewable power did not
exist, fossil fuels would be used in its place to generate the same amount of
power and using the same mix of fossil fuels. In countries and years where no
fossil fuel generation occurs, an average fossil fuel emission factor has been
used to calculate the avoided emissions.

IRENA Headquarters These profiles have been produced to provide an overview of developments in
renewable energy in different countries and areas. The IRENA statistics team
Masdar City
would welcome comments and feedback on its structure and content, which can
P.O. Box 236, Abu Dhabi be sent to statistics@irena.org.
United Arab Emirates
Last updated on: 29th September, 2021
www.irena.org