Mechanics

Relative Velocity and its application to Radar Plotting, boat sailing etc. Review of
Newton’s Law of Motion, projectiles. Rotation & Angular Velocity, Acceleration,
Circular motion, Centripetal and centrifugal forces. Couple. Practical Application
of Centripetal & Centrifugal force (Centrifugal pump etc). Law of gravitation,
Satellites and their uses in communication, weather forecasting, etc. Effects of
centrifugal force (Earth Bulged).

Gravitation, Keplers Law, Newton’s law of gravitation, Newton’s deductions from

kepler’s Law.

Work, Power and energy, Potential & Kinetic energy, direct & oblique impact.
Centre of Mass & Centre of Gravity, Effect of movement of masses, Rotational
Motion, Expression for the Moment of inertia, (Practical methods for the
determination of moment of inertia, Moment of inertia of a flywheel), Angular
Momentum, Conservation of angular momentum, Precession, Concept of
Gyroscope, The Gyrostat Proper, Governors, Machines, Mechanical Advantage,
velocity ratio, Efficiency, Effect of friction, Pulley systems – Block and Tackle,
Differential pulley.
Mass & weight.

Torque.

Hydrostatics
Archimedes Principle, up thrust, Buoyancy, Pressure at depth.
Fluids –Liquids & Gases, Hydrostatic pressure, Hydrostatic pressure due to a liquid
Column. Pressure due to a Compressible Fluid or a Gas, Measurement of
Atmospheric pressure.
Floating objects – Ships, Submarines, Floating Dock, Iceberg, Balloon,
Hydrometer, Plimsoll Line, Atmospheric pressure, Barometer,

Hydrodynamics : - Streamlines, Turbulence

Bernoulli’s Equation: Stability & Spin, Aerofoil lift, rotating cylinder ship.
Surface tension: Capillarity, Molecular forces. Angle of contact, Excess pressure
inside a bubble, Air bubbles inside an oil tank.

Flow of Liquids, Viscosity

Rate of flow of liquid. Equation of continuity of Flow. Energy of a liquid in flow.
Venturimeter,

Elasticity : Factors effecting elasticity. Meaning of Load, Stress & Strain, Modulus
of elasticity, Modulas of Rigidity, Young’s Law, Hooke’s Law, Working Stress &
Factor of Safety (Factor of safety = Tensile strength or breaking strength /
Working Stress) , Cantilever, Bending of Beams, Shearing force/stress, Rigidity.

Oscillations : Simple Harmonic Motion and its features, Definition, Typical

examples – A Helical spring, a pendulum, Damped & undamped oscillations
(Vibrations) , Resonance. Amplitude. Velocity. Time period & Frequency, Phase.
Waves : Longitudinal and Transverse waves. A travelling simple harmonic wave &
its features.

Sound
Velocity of sound, Effect of Pressure, temperature and humidity on velocity of
sound, Pitch Quality & Loudness, The decibel. Doppler effect, interference of two
travelling waves – Beats, Phase comparison – use in Decca and Loran. Echo,
Principle of Radar, Echo sounder, Refraction of sound waves, effect of wind &
temperature.

Heat & Thermodynamics

Hygrometer, Relative and absolute humidity. Vapour pressure SVP. Dew point,
Effect on weather Frost, Mist, Haze, Cloud formations, Rain, Snow and Hail.
Transfer of heat : Conduction, convection and radiation. Expansion of solids,
liquids and gases and their effect on liquid cargoes. Equation of state for gases,
isothermal & adiabatic process. First law of thermodynamics, Second law of
Thermodynamics – Carnot cycle. The heat engine and refrigerator, Concept of
entropy.

Light : Propagation of light, shadows, Eclipses, Reflection of light at plane and

curved surfaces, Rotation of a plane mirror. The sextant. Refraction. Total internal
reflection. Mirages. Optical fibre, Propagation of radio waves, refraction through a
prism, the azimuth mirror, Periscope. Lenses, Image formation, Telescope, prism
Binocular. Diffraction due to a single slit and a circular aperture, Limit of
resolution, Interference-Coherent beams, Lasers.