The IPM package given below will take care of fruit borer, leaf miner, mite and insect

vector.
Nursery:

 Raise Marigold (Tall African variety golden age bearing yellow and orange flowers)
nursery 15-20 days before tomato nursery
 One week after germination of seeds, spray the seedlings with (imidacloprid 200 SL @
0.3 ml/l or thiomethoxam 25 WP @ 0.3 g/l)

Before transplanting:

 Apply Neem cake 250 kg/ha ridges at the time of preparing land
 Dip the roots of seedlings (do not dip the foliage as it may cause burning of leaves) with
imidacloprid 200 SL @ 0.3 ml/l or thiomethoxam 25 WP @ 0.3 g/l for 5 minutes.

Main field:

 Transplant 20-25 day old tomato and 45-50 day old marigold simultaneously in a pattern
of one row of marigold for every 16 rows of tomato. However, the first and last row of the
plots should be of marigold. Simultaneous flowering of both the crops ensures attraction
of fruit borers to marigold flowers.
 Fifteen days after planting spray imidacloprid 200 SL @ 0.4ml/l or thiomethoxam 25 WP
@ 0.3g/l for leaf curl vector (whitefly) control
 Apply neem cake @ 250 kg/ha to ridges at 20-25 DAP (at flowering) to reduce nematode,
fruit borer and leaf miner incidence
 Spray Ha NPV (@250 LE/ha) with 1% jaggery as sunscreen at 28, 35 and 42 DAP in the
evening.
 Spray marigold flowers with HaNPV or destroy fruit borer larvae in them.
 As an alternative to HaNPV spray, the egg parasitoids, Trichogramma chilonis, T.
braziliensis and T. pretiosum @ 2.5 lakhs/ha can be released (five releases @
50,000/ha/release). The first release has to be done at the flower initiation of the crop.
 If red spider mite incidence is noticed, spray Neem soap 1 % or neem oil 1% or any
synthetic acaricide like dicofol 18.5 EC (1.5 ml/l), or Ethion 50 EC ( 1.5 ml/l) or sulphur 80
WP (3 g/l) etc. Spray lower surface of the leaves.
 Mechanical collection and destruction of bored fruits at periodic interval (3-4 times after
fruit set) to minimize fruit borer incidence to the minimum.
 Destroy leaf curl and other virus affected plants as soon as the symptoms appear in a
few plants to minimize their spread.

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Harvesting
Depending on the variety, fruits become ready for first picking in about 60-70 days after
transplanting. The stage of harvesting depends upon the purpose to which the fruits are to be
used. The different stages of harvesting are as follows-

1. Dark green colour - Dark green colour is changed and a reddish pink shade is observed
on fruit. Fruits to be shipped are harvested at this stage. Such fruits are then sprayed
with ethylene 48 hours prior to shipping. Immature green tomatoes will ripen poorly and
be of low quality. A simple way to determine maturity is to slice the tomato with a sharp
knife. If seeds are cut, the fruit is too immature for harvest and will not ripen properly.
2. Breaker stage - Dim pink colour observed on ¼ part of the fruit. Fruits are harvested at
this stage to ensure the best quality. Such fruit are less prone to damage during shipment
often fetch a higher price than less mature tomatoes.
3. Pink stage - Pink colour observed on ¾ part of the fruit.
 4. Reddish pink- Fruits are stiff and nearly whole fruit turns reddish pink. Fruits for local sale
are harvested at this stage.
5. Fully riped - Fruits are fully riped and soft having dark red colour. Such fruits are used for
processing.

Fruits are normally harvested early in the morning or evening. The fruits are harvested by
twisting motion of hand to separate fruits from the stem. Harvested fruits should be kept only in
basket or crates and keep it in shade. Since all the fruits do not mature at the same time, they
are harvested at an interval of 4 days. Generally there will be 7-11 harvests in a crop life span.
Yield
The yield per hectare varies greatly according to variety and season. On an average, the yield
varies from 20-25 t/ha. Hybrid varieties may yield upto 50-60 t/ha