ELIZABETH SETON SCHOOL

High School Division

Science Department
SY: 2021-2022

Name: Angel Albino Date: April 1, 2022

Level and Section: 11 - STEM B             Teacher: Ms. Jo
            

Grade 11
Gen. Chemistry 1
Third Term

Problem Set no. 2

Periodic Trends, Chemical Bonding

PART I: PERIODIC TRENDS (12pts)

I. CONCEPTS

Periodic trends are specific patterns that are present in the periodic table that illustrate
different aspects of a certain element, including its size and its electronic properties. The summary of
properties and periodic trends are listed in the table below.

Periodic Trend Across the Period Down the Group

Atomic Radius Decreasing Increasing

Ionic Radius Decreasing Increasing

Ionisation Energy Increasing Decreasing

Electronegativity Increasing Decreasing

II. EXERCISES
Direction: Arrange the following elements based on the given periodic trends in increasing
order. Use your periodic table to check the position of each of the following elements.

1. Rank the four elements according to their atomic radius, from smallest to largest.
Selenium, Oxygen, Polonium, Sulfur.

Answer: Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, Polonium

2. Rank the four elements according to their atomic radius, from smallest to largest.
Gallium, Iodine, Strontium, Chlorine.

Answer: Chlorine, Gallium, Iodine, Strontium

 3. Rank the four elements according to their atomic radius, from smallest to largest.
Fluorine, Sulfur, Sodium, Gallium.

Answer: Fluorine, Sulfur, Gallium, Sodium

4. Rank the four elements according to their ionization energy, from smallest to largest.
Fluorine, Carbon, Germanium, Nitrogen

Answer: Germanium, Carbon, Nitrogen, Fluorine

5. Rank the four elements according to their ionization energy, from smallest to largest.
Bismuth, Sulfur, Nitrogen, Arsenic

Answer: Bismuth, Arsenic, Sulfur, Nitrogen

6. Rank the four elements according to their electronegativity, from smallest to largest.
Phosphorus, Sulfur, Sodium, Silicon

Answer: Sodium, Silicon, Phosphorus, Sulfur

END OF PERIODIC TRENDS

*See next page for Part II: Chemical Bonding

PART II: CHEMICAL BONDING

I. CONCEPTS

Chemical Bonding refers to the formation of a chemical bond between two or more atoms,
molecules, or ions to give rise to a chemical compound. It has three types; Ionic, Covalent,
and Metallic Bonding.
● Ionic bonding is formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged
ions in a chemical compound. The elements involved in this type of bonding are
metal and nonmetal elements. Due to huge differences in the electronegativity of
the elements involved, electrons are transferred to the elements with higher
electronegativity.
● Covalent bonding, on the other hand, consists of the mutual sharing of one or more
pairs of electrons between two atoms.Elements involved in this type of bonding
(nonmetal) both have high electronegativities, so they share their electrons in
forming compounds.

II. EXERCISES

A. Lewis Electron Dot Structure (8pts)

Direction: Using a simple periodic table, accomplish the following table. Write the number of
valence electrons, and Lewis dot symbol for each of the elements listed below.

Item No. Element VE LEDS

(Upload your LEDS in this section of
the table)

1 Aluminum 3

2 Silicon 4

3 Helium 2

4 Iodine 7

B. Ionic Bonding (10pts)

Direction: Fill up the table below by writing the chemical formula of the following elements
forming ionic compounds below. Click the link for the list of all polyatomic ions. Write the
names of the ionic compounds if needed.

Cation Anion Chemical Formula Chemical Name

Mg2+ S2- MgS Magnesium sulfide

Al3+ I- All3 Aluminum iodide

Na+ O2- Na2O Sodium oxide

Ba2+ P3- Ba3P2 Barium phosphide

 Mg2+ cyanide Mg(CN)2 Magnesium cyanide

Fe3+ bisulfite Fe(HSO3)3 Ferric bisulfite

Mg2+ C2O42- MgC2O4 Magnesium oxalate

Ca2+ sulfate CaSO4 Calcium sulfate

C. Covalent Bonding (10pts)

Direction: Draw the LEDS and show the bonding of the following compounds. Identify the
number of lone pairs, bonding pair, and type of bond of the compounds.

Molecule 1: NH3

LEDS:

Lone Pair: 1 Bond Pair: 3 Type: Single

Molecule 2: Ethyne (C2H2)

LEDS:
 Lone Pair: 0 Bond Pair: 3 Type: Single (Hydrogen) &
Triple (Carbon)

NOTE:

1. Submit your file (pdf) format in the submission link given in ELIZA following this title format:
PS2_TrendsBonding_<Surname>

Example: PS1_Measurement_Cruz-Abad

2. The discussion of the results will be conducted on the next synchronous activity.