" il ~" il,

~A1 'fRO (]lJA TRJEr BOO TtUlNG Vij IDNHTIIANIIlllE Gill QUANKIlO! BOO
; CHO HOC - SINH - SINH VIEN HIEN - NAY
ThS. NGUYEN TH! THU HA *

1. Tri~t hoc (TH) xua'thi~n ca a phLldng £)on~ va Va! nr each la mQth~thong nhan thuc khoa hoc co su
phLldng Tay vao khoang theki thuVl1i den t~~kl thu thong nhat hliu co gilia Ii lu~n va phLldn~ phap, TH
III (TCN) va dLlqc xem la hinh thai cao nhat cua tri Mac - Lenin nhu Lenin nhan xet la mQtchu nghia duy
thuc. Tuy v~y~TH khong di sau ng,hiemcuu nhling v~t TH hoan bi va la ~Qt cong cu nh~n thuc vi dai; la
linh Vl./ccu the, rieng bi~t cua dai son,gh,i~nthirc rna co sa TH cila rnet the gi6'iquan khoa hoc: la nhan to
nghien cU'unhliQg quy lu~tchung nhatvetl./ nhien, xa dinh h~6'ng cho ho~t,dQng nh~n thuc va ho~t dQng
hQiva tLlduy, ve vi tri vai tra cua con ngLlaitrong the thl/c tien; la nguyen tac xuat phat cua phLlO'ngphap
gi6'ido. Noi cach khac, TH la he thong tri thuc Ii luan lu~n. Trang TH Mac - Lenin, Ii lu~n va phLldng phap
chung nha'tcua con ngLlqiva th~ gi6'i,va vi tri va vai iro thong nha'thliu Cd v6'inhau. Chu nghia duy v~t la chu
cua con ngLlai trong the gi6'i do. Vi v~y, tri thuc TH nghia duy v~t bi~n chung vaphep b!~nchling laphep
mang tinh khai quat va trw tLlqng cao, muon nh~n bi~n chung duy v~t. Sl/ thong nhat gilia chu nghia
th~c dl{qc, ngLlai hQcphai chiu kho nghien cU'umai duy v~t va phep bi~n chung lam cho chu nghia duy
nam bat dLlqc nhling khai ni~m, nguyen Ii, quy lu~t, v~t tra nen tri~t de, va phep bi~n chung tra thanh Ii
ph~m tru. Vi v~y, TH la h~t nhan Ii lu~n cua the giai lu~n khoa hQ,c;nha d6 TH Mac-xit c6 kha nang,nh~n
quan va phLldng phap ,1u~nkhoa hQc - cong Cl,lde thuc dung dan c8. giai tl./nhien cOn~nhLldai song xa
hQi va tLl duy con ngLlai. T~I./c te TH Mac - ~enin
nhan thuc va cai tao the gi6'i.
'v~y, the gi6'iquan la gi? Theo T~ di~n TH: "The' khong chila tiep nh~n mQtthe giai quan dung dan ma
gkYiquan la toan b(JnhOng nguyen tac, quan diem va con la xay dinh mQt phLlO'ngphap lu~n khoa hQc.
niem tin quy djnh hUOng ho~t d(Jng va quan h? cU§l Ng,uyentac khach q,uantrong sl/,xem xetdoi hoi p~ai
tUng n~urji, cua m(Jt t~p do~n xa h(Ji,cua m9.tgiai cap biet phan tich cl,lthe theo tinh than bi~n chung, dong
hay cua xa h(Jin6i chung d6i veJithl/c t~i. The gieJiquan thai ngan ngva thai dQchu quan tuY)i~n trong vi~c
hinh thanh g6m nhOng yev t6:thu9c ve'tatca mQihinh v~n dl,lng Ii lu~n vao ho~t dQngthl/c tien. Trong quan
thai y tht.fcxa h~" (1). Thl./c te, con ngLlOiton t~!trong h~vaicac khoa hQcCl,lthe, moi guan h~gilia TH Mac
moi quan h~ v6'ith~ gi6i xung quanh, du muon hay _Lenin va cac khoa hQcCl,lthe la moi quan h~ bi~n
khong cOngphainh~n thuc the gi6iva nMn thuc chinh chung: cac khoa hQcCl,l!he la diau ki~ntien quyet cho
ban than minh. Nhling tri thuc co dLlqc nha Sl./nh~n sLlphat trien cua TH, den ILlatminh, TH Mac - Lenin
thuc do dan hinh thanh nen th~ gi6i quan, dinh hLlang cung cap nhling cong Cl,lphvO'ngphap lu~nph6bi~nl
cho qua,trinh ho~t dQng song cua con ngLlOi,giong dinh hLl6'ngsl/phat trien cua cac khoa hQccl,lthe. Moi
nhLl'1hau kinh" ma qua do con ngLlOixac dinh ml,lc quan h~ nay cang d~c bi~tquan trQngtrong ki nguyen
dich, y nghia cUQcsong va II./achQn9ach thuc de d~t cach m~n~ khoa hQckTthuatva cong ngh~. Chinh vi
ml,lcdich. Trinh dQphat trien cua the gi6'iq!Janla tieu v~y, de day m~nh phcHtri~n khoa hQc Cl,lthe cOng
chi quan trQ!lgva sl./,truang thanh cua moi ca nhan nhLl ban than TH, Sl/ hqp tac ch~t che gilia nhling
cOngnhLlmoi cQngdong nha'tdinh. Va TH ra dOiv6itLl ngLlai nghien cU'uIi lu~n TH va cac nha khoa hQc
cach la h~t nhan Ii lu~n cua th~ gi6i quan, lam cho the khac lah~tsuc can thi~t.8ieu d6dadLlqc chling minh
gi6i guan phat trien nhLlmQtq_uatrinh tl./giac dl./atren bai lich SLtphat ~riencua khoa hQCva ban than TH.
sI./t6ngketkinh nghi~mthl/ctien va trithuc do cac khoa Th~tv~y, the giai quan lasl/hoa nh~p gilia tri thuc
hQCdLlaI~i.80la chuc nang th~ gi6i quan cua TH. va niem tin. Tri thuc tien bQ,khoa hQcse la cO'satrl/c
2. TH Mac - Lenin k~ thva va phat tril3n nhling tiep cho Sl/ hinh thanh the gi6'i quan khoa hQC,va
thanh tlfU quan trQng nha'tcLlatLl duy TH nhan lo~i. niem tin khoa hQcdLnhhLl6'ngcho ho~tdQng cua con
No dLlqc C.Mac va Ph.Angghen, sang t~o ra va ngLlai.Tron,9thl/c tien nghien 9lru va giang d~y chung
V.I.Lenin phattrien mQtcach xua'tsac, dolachu nghia toi nh~n thay khi chLladLlqctiep nh~n tri thuc TH Mac
duy v~t bien chung tro~g vi~c xem xet gi6'itl/ nhien
cOngnhLlxem xet dai song xa hQiva tLlduy con ngLlai. * Truong Trung cap nong nghi~p va phiit trien nong thOn HiiiDuong

20 I Tf!lp chi Giao dye so 342 (ki2 - 9/2014)

 - Lenin, phan l6'n hoc .sinh - ,sinh_vien _(HS;Sy) g~p tri truyen th6ng t6t dep clla dan tQc, neu cao long tl/
kh6 khan trong_vi~c giai quyet nhlJ'ng v~n de c.~§ib~n h~o dan toc, tudo"hoa nh$p ma kh6ng hoa tan", giti
than rna thl/c tien...d$t ra .•NhLl~g sa~.khl d~qc tlep c~m diroc P~OIi9 each truyen thon,gdan_tQc,~ay d!flg cho
kien thuc, sau moi bai giang, cung VO'!suno Il/c hQ~t~p minh loi song lanh rnanh, ren luy~n ban ,than theo
va nghien cuu, cac em ~am yting nQi dun~, rut ra lieu chuan dao duc cda ngLlQ;cQngsan; biet phan bi~t
dLlO'Cy nghTaphLlO'ngphap lu~n cho heat dQng cua ke xau - ngJO'it6t, kien dinh v6'i I~p trLlO'~gch~~ht~h
ca
ban than. Sau chLlO'ngtrinh hQc,~S-SV bie! v$~ khong b] ke xau Iqi dl,lng, kich dQng, gop ~han gill
dl:mgtri thuc d~ !u~n giai ~,agiaj qu~~t nh,tin~,van de vting on djnh chinh trj - xa hQl;tich cl/c tham gl~,pho~g
cua ban than t6t hO'n;biet nh~n dlE;mva dau tran~ trao xa hoi nhL1:phong chong HIV/AIDS, hlen mau
ch6ng I~icai xau -,cai ac, bao v~ ~ait6t - cai thi~~; b!~t nhan d~o:xay dl/l1gquytinh thL1O'ng; thl/c hi~nc~L1?ng
cach xay dl/l1g niem tin tren CO'SO'khoa hQc;blet 9au trinh "mua he xanh", xung phong cong tac 0' vung
tranh ch6ng I~inhting hi~n tLlqng tieu cl/c anh hLlO'ng sau, vung xa,...; giti gin tr~t tl/ an toan giao thOng,v~
t6'idO'is6ng XB.hQi,dong thO'ic6 thai dQphe phan tru6'c
sinh moi trL1O'ng ...V6'inhting vi~c lam tich c~c, HS:S~
nhting van n~n nhLl: b6i toan, CO'b~~, rLlgu~he, ~a
dB.dem tri thuc ITnhhQidLlqc vao cUQcson9, gan II
tuy, m~i dam, ... Cao, hqn, H,S-SV co k_hana~g x~c luan v6'i thl/c ti~n, dem tai nang, nhi~t huyet va suc
dinh dung vi tri, vai tro cua mmh trong cong cuQ,cxay
m~mhcua tuoi tre dong gop vao sl/ nghi~p xay dl/ng
dUngva bao v~ dat nLl6'c,co ~hting vi~c lam thietthl/c
d~ gop phan vao sl/ nghi~p ay. T6 qu6c Vi~t Nam giau m~nh.
N~oai ra, TH Mac - Lenin can giup cho HS-§V
Khi dLlqc trang bi tri thuc CO'b~n va toan di~~ ~ua biet tong ket, rut kinh nghi~m ho~t dQngthl/c lien.
tu
TH Mac - Lenin, HS-SV co CO'SO'khoa hQcde hm~
V6'iviec tich cl/c tham gia vao ho~t dQngXB.h~i, HS-
thanh niem tin dung d~n vao sl/nghi~p xay dl/l1g chu
nghTaXB.hQima £)ang, Nha nLl6'cva nhan dan ta dB. SV n~m b~t nhanh va chinh xac nhting yeu ~au, d~i
hoi cua XB.hQive trinh dQ chuyen mon, pham chat
ILlachon. Tuniem tin khoa hQc,cac em xaydl/ng~ho
minh Ii M1ng cach mang cao ca va d~p de, d~ roi co dao tu
duc d~ do chu dQng phan dau trong hQct$p,
hanh dQngcl,Ith~ tien't6'ithl/c hi~n Ii tlfang ma minh re'nluy~n ban than nh~m nang cao trinQdQ,tham gia.
dB.Il/a chQn.COng,c6th~khang c!inhrang, tr~thucT,H hoc tMm ngo~i ngti, tin hQcho$c van bang thuhai de
Mac - Lenin dB.chap canh cho moi HS-SV VlJ'ngbLlO'C thuan 100i cho cong viec sau khi ra trLlO'ng.Phong trao
vao dO'i,giup cac em hoan thi~n ban than, xay dl/ng hQc't$p'trong HS-SV'ngay~?ng_phattri~n m~nh ~e:
Sl/ nghi~p',ton vinh gia dinh, gop suc xay dl/ng que tra thanh trao ILlUthi dua phan dau hQct~p va nhO'do
hLlO'ngdat nLl6'cgiau d~p. giup cac em tranh xa t~ n~n hQcdL1O'ng.
NhLlV~y,cling v6'iILlqngtrithuc rrn~hQi~L19~tuTH 3. NhL1v$y, TH dong vai tro la h~t nhan Ii lu~n 9ua
Mac - Lenin va cac mon khoa hQckhac, the glO'Iquan the gi6'iquan, dinh hL16'ngcho _quatrinh cung co va
khoa hoc cua HS-SV hinh thanh va phat tMn theo phat trie'nthe gi6'i quan cua moi ca nhan"moi cQng
chieu hU6'ngtich cl/C.The gi6i quan khoa hQCm? HS: dong ngLlO'itrong lich su. V6'ichuc nang the gi6i~uan
SV co dLlqc khong chi giup cac em giai quyet kho khoa hoc, TH Mac - Lenin tra thanh cong cl,Idac Il/c
khan cua ban than ma can dinh hLl6'ngcho vi~c hQc trong ho~t dQngche ngl/thien nhien va Sl/ nghi~p giai
t~p va tiep nh$n tri thuc kh~~ hQcnhan lo~i:Sen c~n~ ph6ng con ngLlO'icua n~ting I~c ILlq~,g~,~hQitien bQ.
d6, cac em quan tam nhieu hO'n,nh~y ben hO'~vO'! V6'i HS-SV, vi~c dLlqc hmh hanh the glO'Iquan khoa
cac van de chinh tri - XB.hOi.£)LtngtrLl6'cnhting van de hQc- the gi6'iquan duy v$t bi~n chung thong qua vi~~
phi ,nghTanhLl k.h~ngb6: c~!~n tr~nh, .ch_ung~ia d~ giao dl,lc tri thuc Ii lu$n Ma~.- L,enin~iup c~c ~m C?
quoc, cac,em to ra ~uan_dle~ bao ~~ Ie phal, p.~e dL1O'c cong cu quan trQngde nhm nh9n, phan tlch va
phan chien tranh, bao v~ chmh nghla. Tron9 dleu giaf quyet dung d~n ~h~ng ~an.~e ~a n~.~nthuc v~
kien hoi nhap toan cau hien nay, HS-SV co dieu ki~n thL1ctien dat ra. TL1do co the thay, VI~Cglang d~y va
ti~p xu'cv6'fnhieu luang kien thuc, van hoa cua ca9 na'ng cao that lL1qnggiang d9y ca~ mon, khoa hQC
qu6c gia khac nhau, song dieu can ban la cac em biet Mac - Lenin noi chung la vi~c lam can thiet va la yeu
Il/achQntrong d6 kien thuc nao lathl/c sl/~hoa hQc,la cau cap thiet hi~n nay. 0
tu
phan khoa hQc,tiep nh$n va bo lo~i kien thu9 nao.
COng nhL1khi tiep nhan van h6a cua cac quoc gia, (1) Ttfdi~n triet hQC.NXB Titn b9, Moskva, ban dieh
so
tren CO' hie'ubiet sau s~c truyen th6ng van hoa cua ra tieng Vi¢t eua NXB SI! tht;2t,H. 1986.
Tiii lieu tham khao
dan toc HS-SV biet chon loc nhting tinh hoa van hoa
phu h'qpv6'iyan hoa d~n tQcd~ ke thua va lam gia~ 1. Da~g C<)ngsan Vi¢t Nam. Nghj quyet Hc)i nghj Ian
them ban sac van h6a dan tQc Vi~t Nam. Hay nOI thti' nam Ban chap himh Trung ll'011gDang kh6a IX.
cach khac, cung v6'icac mon khoa hQckhac, TH Mac NXB Chfnh trj qu6c gia, H. 2003.
- Lenin gop phan giup cho HS-SV phathuy nhting gia (Xem tie'ptrang 27)

TfilP chi Giao. dye so 342121

L (ki2-9/2014)
 dua ra mot loat cac cau hoi c6 van de de tao su hap
dan cho SV khi b~tdau man hoc rnoi nhU:Behieu ve
"duang loj"cua Bang thi tnroc het SV can hieuBang la
gi? La ai? La to chirc nhu the nao? v~y "m9t dang'
hay "da dang' moi la con duang tat yeu cho su ra dai
cLladang? hoac duang loi xuyen suot cLlaBang Cong
san Vi$t Nam tLrkhi Bang ra dai la "doc I~p dan toc
g~n lien vai chu nghTa X8 hOi",neu duoc Il/a chon I~i
cac em chon "d9CI?p dan t9c flan !ie'nvo'ichu nghia
xi hQf hay "d9CI?p dan t9c gan !ie'nv6'ichu nghia tu
r
ban': vi sao?
2) Tang cLuing tinh chu dqng cua SV,GV can
tim cac van de theo chu diem c6 lien quan den noi
dung bai giang de cac em tim kiem thong tin va tl/
trinh bay cac van de d6 theo nh6m tren lap.
Vi dl!, lien quan den bai "Kinh te'thi twong dinh
huong xi h9i chu nghia"trong chuO'ngtrinh 'Vuong
161cach m?ng cua fJang C9ng san Vi~tNam': G V c6
the dua ra cac chu diem khac lien quan nhu chia nho
bai giang theo nh6m, yeu cau SV ve tim kiem tu Ii$u
truO'c & nha va lam viec nh6m ve mot so van de sau
nhu: - Nhom 1:thong tin ve thai ki t6n tc,licO'che ke
hoq.chhoa t~p trung quan lieu, bao cap cua Vi$t Nam
(qua trinh hinh thanh duang loi nay, lich su ra dai,
ve
thanh tl/u va hc,lnche); - Nhom 2:tim hieu nen kinh
te thi truang (Iich su ra dai, tq.isao nen kinh te thi
truang khong phai la san pham rieng cua chu nghTa
tu ban, uu diem va nhuQ'cdiem khi phat trien nen kinh
te nay...); - Nhom 3: d~c diem cua nen kinh te thi
truang c6 mau thuan gi vai tinh dinh huang X8 hQichu
nghTa(noi cach khac nen kinh te thi truang thuang
ton trQng cac yeu to khach quan cua cua thi truang
con tinh dinh huang thuang mang tinh chu quan cua
nha nuac X8 hoi chu nghTa;v~y yeu tokhach quan va
chu quan do co mau thuan gi vai nhau khOng?)
3) Khuyen khich SV hoi vagiai dap thac mac
ca trong va ngoai gia hQc thong qua cac hinh thuc
trao doi khac nhflu n~v: trl/c tiep, nhom, ca nhan,
di$n thoc,li,tin nhan, dien dan di$n tucua cac trvang,
email, facebook va cac trang mc,lngX8 hQikhac.
4) Vi~c danh gia cua! ki luan co them diem
lam vi~c chu dqng va tich clfc cua SVtrong qua
trinh hoc hoac viec ra cac de thi cuoi ki nen la cac
de m& de SI.; co cO'hQi bay to quan diem va phat
trien tv duy.
***
Tren day la mot so diem can chu y trong dq.yhQc
cac man LLCT & trvang CB, BH nh~m phat trien
nang Il/c PBXH cho SV gop phan nang cao chat
1U'Q'ngdao tq.onguon nhan Il/c chat IVQ'ngcao cho
dat nvac. 0
I
L (ki2-9/2014)
(I) Dang Cong san Viet Nam. Van kien HQi nghi Ian
thtr bay Ban Chap hanh Trung U'O'Ilgkhoa X. NXB
Chinh tri quoc gia, H. 2006.
Tai lieu tham khao
I. B¢ GD-DT, Truong D~i hoc su pharn Ha N¢i. Do';
moi phuong phap day hoc va
phuong phap danh gia
doi vbi gido due phD thong, cao ddng, dai hoc suo
pham, Hi! N¢i 11/2006.
2. B¢ GD-DT. Giao trinh Nhii'ng nguyen IicO'ban
cua chu nghia Mac - Lenin. NXB Chfnh trj quo'c gia,
H.2009.
3. B¢ GD-DT. Giao trinh DmYng loi cach m~ng cua
Dang CQng san Vi~t Nam. NXB Chinh trj qutfc gia,
H.2009.
4. Ngo Thi Dung. "Mo hlnh t6 chtIC hQc thea nh6m
trang gia len lap". T(lp chi Ciao d~IC, s6 3/200 I.
5. Oil an Vi~t - Bi. Tai Ii~u t~p huan d~y hQc va hQc
tich qrc, Ha N¢i, 5/2000.
6. Dl! an Vi~t - Bi. Nhii'ng thu thu~t trong d~y hQc,
ml N¢i, 200 I.
7. Nguyen D1nh Hoe. Phan bi~n xa hQi ve bao v~
thien nhien va moi trmYng. NXB Khoa h(Jc ki thu(lt,
H.2009.
8. TIT di~n Chinh trj hQc viin tiit. NXB S{l Ih(lt,
H.1983.
9. A.Jakie!. HQc t~p theo nhom (Y trmYng hQc. NXB
Ciao {/fIC, H. 1979.
SUMMARY
Developing social debate capacity [or students o[
colleges and universities through political theory
courses is one of the necessary acctions in the train-
ing and education o[ human resourses o[Vi~t Nam
now. The political theory courses in the colleges and
universities are the [0 undation subjects. is the indis-
pensable knowledge to prepare students after leav-
ing school and participate in critical issues society as
mature citizens. So the need [or critical skills train-
ing [or students [rom the time they started in school.
Special skills are best trained to participate in teach-
ing political theory at colleges and universities.
Vaitro cua triet hoc. trong viae...
.
(Tie'ptheo trang 21)
2. B¢ GD-DT. Giao trinh chinh trj. NXB Chfnh trj
H. 2008.
qutfc gia,
SUMMARY
Marxist - Leninist philosophy is great awareness
tool. is the philosophical basis o[ a scientific world
view. the orientation [actor contributing to cognitive
penomlance and practices ofhuman beings. So equip-
ping Marxist philosophy - Lenin [or students - stu-
dent is essential because it is the foundation for the
[onnation o[the scientific world outlook and progress.
T~p chi Giao d~c so 342127