STEPS OF DETERMINING THE MOST ECONOMIC PIPE Knowing the required process flow rate, the allowable head loss in the pipe using Darcy Weisbach equation. Using the available fluid properties, requined flow rate, pipe length and pipe material, calculate the required Reynolds umber, relative roughness, friction factor and head loss due to friction. Assume appropriate equipment operating efficiency. For pumps. use 60%. Forelecirie motors, use 90 % Determine the required energy input io overvome system Nuid friction losses, Oxhy x6 37Xy XThe @: Volumetric flow rate ("™/,,) hy: Frictional head Loss (ft) G: specific gravity Power (kw) Nw yt Ef fletency of motor, pump Based on the stated rmning hours, compute the system’s annual operating energy cost. Find out the manufacture's price quotation for the pump and driver based on the required flow rate and the calculated head Find out the maintenance cost, Assume thatthe sunual maintenance costs will be 4% of the price Cale Seal a ra a ea ar ve ES Ae Power Example: Awwater would be pumped from a tink as shown in the following dliamgram, ‘The fluid properties are as fellow: p= 998 Kpim3, p= 9.82504 Pa Se = 0.0003 m-Q= 100 m'shr P, @ 25°C = 0.0316 Bara Solution 1, Preliminary sizing of suction pipe line ‘Vapor pressure of water at 25°C = 0.0316 Bara. Hoa= 9.8m Alm V mus Re F H_Major H_Minor H total (00196 [14.36 | 725EHS | 8 3SE02 | 173.08 135 174.68 0.00432 | 6.3379 4.83E+05 | 1.32602 | 3.6 03 39 (O.00785, 3.62E+05 | 1.39E42 | 0.9 0.087 0.997 00127 | 2. 2.906405 | 1.45602 0.039 0.35 1[PageAssume the energy power | S/KWh ‘Thus, the annual energy cost based on. 8000 hrs yearly: ‘Thus; the annual cost: STEPS OF DETERMINING THE MOST ECONOMIC PIPE Liquid velocities in straight pipe in exeess of 4.6 m/s will generally produce objectionable noise, Where there are numerous bends, valves, the velocity limit for noise may be in the order of 3 nv/s, ‘The preliminary pipe diameter shoukt be 4 in, Assume that the diseharge pipe diameter is like the suction. Dein ‘H Major | H_minor |H tol | 4 HLe [o.097 9 5 Toot [0039 710.65 | So, we would select 4,5 in lo enter to the economic analysis of the pipe ‘The pump should be selected according to the following criteria: Flow rate = 100.m'7h Required flow head = 12,8 m Economic analysis of suction pipetine Note: The prices assumed here are only for ittustration Calculate the pump power D.in Power, RW 4 649 3 35 D, in Cost, $ 4 [51.920 5 4.000 Here, Laissume the capital cost of the purmp is 13.000 8. ‘The maintenance cost = 520 $ Din Annual cost, $ 4 52.440 3 4520 she wial capital cost Dain [Tabor cos 4 [30.000 3 (50,000 Break-even anailysis: 50,000 — 30,000 he = 33440 — 44.520 ~ 259"STEPS OF DETERMINING THE MOST ECONOMIC PIPE * Estimate the touil life cycle cost: D, in Present value, 5 4 574,309 3 312, 102 So, the optimum cconomie pipe diameter is 5 in Sunumary of Economic variables for two pipe systems Parameter tin [Sin Fluid velocity m/s 356 228 Reynolds number 362645 2.9EAS Head loss dueto friction m | 11.9 10.65 Power, KW 649 55 Annual cost. § 52.440) 44.520 Initial capital cost. S 30,000 50,000 Life cycle presen valuesS | 574,309 312.102 ‘Conclusion: What is appeared fom the first glance that the optimum diameter is the smallest diameter with Smallest initial cost, but what is appeared economically is that the 5 in pipe is optimum economically, Hine Al the cost and prices are for illustration only and not actual. Break-even analysis: Difference in capital cost nee ” Dif ference in operating cost ‘Total life eyele cost present value ato = 4+ GO 7agpF Cy initlal capital cost, § Co! operating cast is imtevest rae ne: total life time