he common - In degree dissociation Deak acid] dmc; common- ion dhe j Due fF preaence degree f vows | | a wenk acid | bone decreas. Cie. & decrene i Common ign is present). (g) Calculate « and py f o-1M HACey 10%) _ tohab wilt be gl” (Kg HAY * de py & { olm HAc mA 5o\” which hay O-IM HU @y). sa” 01M Kyo” Whe Hagt ACT (oa OI M(1-&) o1K o-lM ae cea a c oF (rw) If x <<1 KO = [0° . 192 = A 16 Oo1M Hae OMT FAT = om ora O10 pus -ly@)me ental o-14 Hu Ht+at oim OM Note: The — cohi bultm commen im weak acid [baw is megligi ble o compared fe thot from SA] SB tuken ot Some conc? n Co Ke HAC =e oh te ACT C(t-x} (cae oi) ca ze zoim Gx’) phe = lg) = = lg (6) = AyBu ffex Solut ono sal? which veri sts any chan ge wm ks py acid ot bone 3 A on odd” f sma amownt is calkd oo bu fo? sol” _ Acidic Buffer _ bu ffx which confuinn Weak acid and iB conjugate hone ( obtuned by dissolumy a salt) in compatable con centat ons. G c # CHCOOH(ey | CHLCOONG cow a ¢ Co1, 10) Cy ke Buffer ability is max™ when [Cy = % C2 Na rc(on) 9 Neh (on AC (any ae © o CG Ko CHCOOH (on) = HF (oq) + CH COD (OM) = G *« = CyKa = ft (hel ( HAC) (H Ac) (Ht) = Ka (Ac) Tokens i ly" — log) = ~ log Ka - i) te PH= pKa + Ma pH: pks + log (cx) 4 Henderson - (2Ac) rfossetbalch eq” (@) Calculate dhe pH a sol” containing aim Hac & O84 Nuke. Ke f HAC = 10. (log 3 = OR) = a 03M a - Nal +Ac $0.” 7 Ac) NAc 7 ~ P= PRE I tO a3 043 “— (HAc) oo 93 [7] py oyg) Cale. de pu a mixtre so mL, oO-1M nao and 15D mL, OAM HAC, (Ke Cua) + 19 ) 100ml, 0-1M. Soml 0-1 50” fommol ‘Semmol — OHAc +@NaoH 9 Nahe + 46 aK S mmol -X- Smmol Now a L oA pu: PR + Ny (ea) Gane! Cremol S faves) Ane © mmol o Pl 7 g) Cale. ke pH a mixtye woo mL, 01M Nach and 19D mL, OLM HAC. (Ks Che) « 6°) sal" omer! lorrmel = HAc + NaokH — Nahc + 40 eS —- oa 10 wml atmol md (s | —— pH= pkwt Kat loac Wer + va) 72, = I+ log ho 2Act : by HAC Ac! i 7 bone: (Neo) «© re mM in the b qa Add i ye CQ ne “ + Neon 4 ae + WO = (G~ x =(G4%) pHs eKat toa (aT (QI (¢,-*) (ia) Aad” _¢ acid : In o be ffar | (HAG) ) =e, & (No) = & t dd ch ek, (Le Co «x CG; Act + wy WAC (Q-*) “X= (+ 2) Co * Cy NoAc - HU ~ HAC + Ned (7%) =x (q+) : |. pis pKa +04 =IL sol? contuini ng ow de @ what 1S OL mole exch ane & nade whet wil) be dhe pH gol” ahen 0-01 mole Nao is gdded TE. Kea GAC) = 167, what ill be a ph dk d seky then ool mal 4 J b Nooy odded h it. a so" ~ 0 we, ovmol HAC, o-tmel Nake Suffer ~ pKat lo (AY Pls P 9 ss @ 0-1 mol o-o1mol o.1mol HAc + Nem Nahe + #0 0.09 mol | 0-11 mel = oka + ly IA 2 ot leah p= pKa Oa (4) = 5-09, QO i coll ‘ol 2 golmM * jor) 7 PMs 2, (nea) = 201 py = 12I. Bane Suffer : A mixhve a Weak bose md o salt contanning ibs con uaete acid in compavable mount is called oo doic buf fer Gq Cr eg Nea | Mayet 0B. Conjugate oid v fox bubles - ue Cor, io) 2 Oo NHyU en) — Nigh gay + a GQ Cy q Ke fe NHyOH Ey = NAY toa) + OW Cou ¥ G 2G x Ky + (NHe) (oi) gg (a = Ky (uno) (Nm) 2. (A pols PX) + tej (04) (sor) Henderson - OH = P PK, i log Leal Hassel bulch en (2-8)Buffer _octon: ) oat cid: Bufhey A NH = To this buffer A G added such dhut (HU) 7% * Cr NH OH, + HU 9 NAW + 0 ~ (G-9 -x- = (Gt) uf > 2 ) po = px + {err (i) edt of bones: Buffer : Nx, NH = G To this he Nao} Go is added such dha (sous) =X x KG a + off > NRO x) " = pk, + 4 a x Cr Naa 9 NH + Nut (¢,-») aoe (G4)# A gal” — conkasi a galt Weak acid & weak done acts a buffer Solt OAc HAC Nay Meo bc al acd Bane NHAC NA + ke [eed [se~ Nv, WAC @ (oa) Ria i!