Al-Hikma University Pharmacology -2

Faculty of Medical Sciences 3rd level

Department of Pharmacy

PART-1

1) By using the following diagrams:

A. Calculate the therapeutic index (TI) for drugs X and Z? ( ‫)ﺑدون اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻷﻟﺔ اﻟﺣﺎﺳﺑﺔ‬
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B. Which one of drugs X or Z is more safer? Why?
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2) By using the following diagrams:
A. Which one of the drugs (X or Y) is more potency ? Why?

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B. Which one of the drugs (x or y) is more efficacy ? why?

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PART-2
Directions: Circle the number of the BEST ANSWER in each case (ONLY ONE ANSWER)
1) Thermoregulatory sweat glands in the body utilize what type of pathway?
A. Cholinergic nerves and muscarinic receptors C. Adrenergic nerves and beta-2 receptors
B. Adrenergic nerves and alpha-1 receptors D. Cholinergic nerves and NM receptors
2) When the pharmacological effect of drug A and drug B given concurrently is greater than the sum of each given alone, this
process is referred to as:
A. Synergism C. Potentiation
B. Additive D. none of the above
3) Of the following effects, which is not elicited by activation of the parasympathetic nervous system?
A. Decreased heart rate
B. Increased tone of longitudinal smooth muscles of the intestine
C. Contraction of skeletal muscles
D. Contraction of the detrusor of the urinary bladder
4) Which of the following is classified as belonging to the tyrosine kinase family of receptors?
A. GABAA receptor C. Insulin receptor
B. α - adrenergic receptor D. Nicotinic receptor
5) If two drugs with the same effect, taken together, produce an effect that is equal in magnitude to the sum of the effects of the
drugs given individually, it is called as:
A. Additive effect C. Potentiation
B. Antagonism D. None of the above
6) All of the following are capable of initiating a signal transduction process EXCEPT
A. Combination of an agonist with its receptor
B. Combination of a neurotransmitter with its receptor
C. Combination of a hormone with its receptor
D. Combination of an antagonist with its receptor
7) Down regulation of receptors can occur as a consequence of
A. Continuous use of agonists C. Chronic use of CNS depressants
B. Continuous use of antagonists D. Denervation
8) Of the following structures, which does not respond to β-adrenergic receptor stimulation?
A. Ciliary muscle of the iris C. Bronchial muscle
B. Radial muscle of the iris D. Atrioventricular (AV) node
9) Two drugs may act on the same tissue or organ through independent receptors, resulting in effects in opposite directions. This
is known as
A. Physiologic antagonism C. Competitive antagonism
B. Chemical antagonism D. Incompetitive antagonism
10) If an agonist can produce maximal effects and has high efficacy it’s called
A. Partial agonist C. Agonist-antagonist
B. Antagonist D. Full agonist
11) What term is used to describe a more gradual decrease in responsiveness to a drug, taking days or weeks to develop?
A. Refractoriness C. Tolerance
B. Cumulative effect D. Tachyphylaxis
12) Cholinergic muscarinic receptor stimulation produces the following effects except:
A. Sweating C. Bradycardia
B. Rise in blood pressure D. Urination
13) What term is used to describe a decrease in responsiveness to a drug which develops in a few minutes?
A. Refractoriness C. Tolerance
B. Cumulative effect D. Tachyphylaxis
14) Distribution of α- adrenoreceptor subtypes is associated with all of the following tissues EXCEPT those of:
A. Heart C. Urinary bladder sphincter
B. Blood vessels D. Dilator muscle
15) A patient was given a 400 mg dose of a drug IV, and 200 mg was eliminated during the first 2 hours. If the drug follows first-
order elimination kinetics, how much of the drug will remain 6 hours after its administration?
A. 25 mg C. 75 mg
B. 50 mg D. 100 mg

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16) All of the following parts of the heart are very sensitive to muscarinic receptor blockade EXCEPT:
A. Atria C. AV node
B. SA node D. Ventricle
17) Which of the following are possible types of drug interactions?
A. complex formation in the GI tract C. alteration of drug metabolism
B. displacement from albumin binding sites D. all of the above
18) Activation of dopaminergic, D2, D3, and D4, receptors lead to
A. Stimulatory effect C. A and B
B. Inhibitory effect D. None of the above
19) Which of the following directly results from activation of the beta 2 receptor?
A. Decrease in blood pressure C. Increase in heart rate
B. Increase in cardiac output D. Increase in stroke volume
20) Which of the following drugs is/are most likely to be eliminated by zero-order kinetics?
A. Penicillin C. Ethanol
B. Digoxin D. B and D above.

Good luck
dr. Ahmed Al- Akydy
(19/2/ 2020)