END LESION PRACTICE OF PHASE A MODULE 2
No Type A
2 1. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder resulting in
__________ [ a) raised of blood lipids ; b) blood glucose ; c)
fall of blood glucose.
2. Diabetes mellitus results from defects in insulin secretion;
insulin action or both that arise from genetic _____________
[ a) as well as ; ; b) or ; c) but never from]. environmental
factors
3. It is defined by documenting raised blood glucose in fasting
state ( 7.0mmol/L) and/ or two hours after an standard oral
glucose drink ( __________________[ a) 7.8 ; b) 10.0; c)
11.1 mmol/L )
5 1. Atypical manifestations are ____________ [ a) specific, b)
non-specific c)ill defined]. .
2. As a class or type persons with atypical manifestations
belong to __________ [a) Type 1, b) Type2 DM, c) any Type
of DM
3. Atypical manifestations are ___________ [a) always, b)
never, c) may or may not] present with GDM.
8 1. OGTT is a procedure where ___________ [a) 2, b) 3, c)5]
blood (plasma) glucose levels are determined.
2. By the interpretation of the two blood glucose values’ a
person can be categorized in one of ___________ [a) 3, b) 4,
c)5] category.
3. A person is Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG)l if FBG <6.1 to
6.9 mmol/L and After glucose load _____________ [ a) <
7.8, b) > 7.8 to <11.1, c) >11.1] mmol/L
11 1. A person is diabetic if HbA1c is ________________ [a) > 6.5
%, b) 6.0 to 6.4%, c) > 6.5 %]..
Type B
A. Diabetes mellitus must be diagnosed by blood
glucose test.
B. A diagnostic criterion of DM is documentation
of hyperglycemia at fasting but not by OGTT.
C. There are standard criteria for diagnosis based
on World Health Organization (WHO) and
American Diabetes Association (ADA)
recommendations.
A. Diabetes is diagnosed during evaluation of
conditions which are not specific for diabetes
in person with atypical manifestations.
B. A person with non-healing infection needs to
screen for diabetes because it is a recognized
manifestation of diabetes
C. Pruritus vulvae can be an example of atypical
presentation of diabetes in women
A. A person is normal if OGTT result document -
FBG < 6.1 mmol/L and After glucose load <
7.8 mmol/L.
B. A person is a diabetic if OGTT result
document s - FBG =/> 7.0 mmol/L or/ and AG
=/> 11.10 mmol/L .
C. Pre-diabetes means Normal + IFG + IGT.
A. Now a day’s HbA1c test is available easily and
also less costly.
 2. HbA1c can be done ___________ [a) in fasting state only, b)
any time, c).> 2 hours after a major meal only]
3. A person is considered normal if HbA1c is _______________
[ a) <6.0 %, b) < 6.4%, c) < 7%].
14. 1. Type 1 diabetes, also previously called
_____________________[ a) NIDDM, b) IDDM, c) 20 DM].
2. Type 1 diabetes can affect people of any age, but usually
occurs in children or ____________ [ a) young adults, b)
Obese adult, c) Neonate].
3. Type 1 diabetes occurs due to destruction of the insulin
producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of pancreas
by [ a) auto-immune mechanism, b) Viral infection, c)
Bacterial infection].
17 1. Secondary DM occurs in persons with Known ___________ [
a) age, b) disease, c) family] or genetic condition/syndrome
associated with secretion and/or action defect of insulin.
2. Risk factors of Secondary DM are endocrinopathies, Drugs &
Toxins, ______________[a) Pancreatic, b) Bone , c) Brain ]
disease .
3. Secondary DM are classified as _________________[ a)
specific, b) syndromic, c) genetic] types of diabetes mellitus.
B. A person is diabetic if HbA1c is 6.5 % or more
C. HbA1c can guide to select treatment regime at
diagnosis.
A. In Type 1 DM from the time of onset of
diabetes, there is little or no insulin in the
body.
B. In Type 1 DM onset is often sudden and
symptoms are florid.
C. T Type 1 diabetes usually passes through pre-
diabetic stage (Impaired Fasting Glucose-IFG
and Impaired Glucose Tolerance-IGT).
A. Treatment of Secondary DM consist of
simultaneous treatment of DM & primary
condition...
B. Secondary DM occurs in persons with Known
disease, drugs or genetic condition/syndrome.
C. The major risk factors of Secondary DM
family history of DM, Obesity and lack of
physical activity.