http://solattimes.wordpress.

com
The believers, men and women, are protecting friends of one another; they enjoin good and forbid evil and
they establish Salah, and give Zakah, and obey Allah and His Messenger.
Day 10 Allah will have His Mercy on them, and surely, Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise.
Month April (Surah Tawbah (9), Ayah 71)
Calculation Methodology (for Fajr & Shia Ithna Ashari (Jafari)
Isha)
Juristic Method (for Asr calc.) Standard (Shia Jafari, Shafii, Maliki, Hanbali) Salaat Timings for 10-Apr-22 8 Ramadhan 7-Jan-00
Choose City for Latitude/Longitude or
Select "Manual" to Enter Coordinates
MANUAL Imsaak Fajr Sunrise Dhuhr Asr Sunset Maghrib Isha Hours to Midnight Midnight
Latitude From city 0.0000
5:08 AM 5:17 AM 6:24 AM 12:41 PM 4:07 PM 6:57 PM 7:11 PM 7:55 PM 5.17 12:07 AM
Longitude From City 0.0000
Coordinates Manual Entry (if not MANUAL
selected from Cities)
The above times are based on calculations only. Please allow +/- 3 minutes for Fajr, 1 minute for Dhuhr, and 2 minutes for
City Ahmedabad Maghrib as a precaution.IMSAAK is the time to stop sehri.

Latitude 23.0225
Longitude 72.5714
Daylight Savings Time (Y/N) N Please spread this spreadsheet freely to those who may benefit. May Allah (s.w.t) reward you for this. There is no
copyright to this spreadsheet.
Time Zone UTC+5:30 Colombo, Delhi, Mumbai
Delete manual entry for Lat-Long in cell # B8-B9 or choose MANUAL from List of Cities in cell # B7
Your city is Ahmedabad
To search latitude and longitude of a location, type "location name latitude longitude" in The lat long of your location are 23.0225° N 72.5714° E
google. For example, to get them for Delhi, type : Delhi latitude longitude Developed by Ali Imran Naqvi, Ahmedabad (Amroha,UP)
Salaat Timings for 8 Ramadhan, 1443 Hijri, 10-Apr-22
Lat - Long of some known cities of India Latitude (° Longitude (° E)Place & Time of Day Imsaak Fajr Sunrise Dhuhr Asr Sunset Maghrib Isha
Ahmedabad 23.0225 72.5714 Ahmedabad 5:08 AM 5:20 AM 6:27 AM 12:41 PM 4:08 PM 6:56 PM 7:10 PM 7:54 PM
Amroha 28.9044 78.4673 Amroha 4:36 AM 4:49 AM 6:00 AM 12:18 PM 3:50 PM 6:36 PM 6:50 PM 7:37 PM
Bangalore 12.9716 77.5946 Bangalore 5:01 AM 5:09 AM 6:12 AM 12:21 PM 3:35 PM 6:31 PM 6:44 PM 7:25 PM
Chennai 13.0827 80.2707 Chennai 4:50 AM 4:58 AM 6:01 AM 12:11 PM 3:25 PM 6:20 PM 6:33 PM 7:15 PM
Delhi 28.6139 77.209 Delhi 4:45 AM 4:54 AM 6:05 AM 12:23 PM 3:55 PM 6:41 PM 6:55 PM 7:42 PM
Faridabad 28.4089 77.3178 Faridabad 4:45 AM 4:54 AM 6:05 AM 12:22 PM 3:54 PM 6:40 PM 6:55 PM 7:41 PM
Ghaziabad 28.6692 77.4538 Ghaziabad 4:44 AM 4:53 AM 6:04 AM 12:22 PM 3:54 PM 6:40 PM 6:54 PM 7:41 PM
Gurgaon 28.4595 77.0266 Gurgaon 4:46 AM 4:55 AM 6:06 AM 12:24 PM 3:55 PM 6:41 PM 6:56 PM 7:42 PM
Hyderabad 17.385 78.4867 Hyderabad 4:53 AM 5:02 AM 6:06 AM 12:18 PM 3:38 PM 6:29 PM 6:43 PM 7:25 PM
Indore 22.7196 75.8577 Indore 4:58 AM 5:07 AM 6:14 AM 12:28 PM 3:55 PM 6:43 PM 6:57 PM 7:41 PM
Jaipur 26.9124 75.7873 Jaipur 4:53 AM 5:02 AM 6:12 AM 12:29 PM 3:59 PM 6:45 PM 7:00 PM 7:46 PM
Khambhat 22.3181 72.619 Khambhat 5:11 AM 5:20 AM 6:27 AM 12:41 PM 4:07 PM 6:55 PM 7:09 PM 7:53 PM
Kolkatta 22.5726 88.3639 Kolkatta 4:08 AM 4:17 AM 5:24 AM 11:38 AM 3:05 PM 5:53 PM 6:06 PM 6:50 PM
Lucknow 26.8467 80.9462 Lucknow 4:32 AM 4:42 AM 5:51 AM 12:08 PM 3:38 PM 6:25 PM 6:39 PM 7:25 PM
Mumbai 19.076 72.8777 Mumbai 5:14 AM 5:23 AM 6:28 AM 12:40 PM 4:03 PM 6:53 PM 7:06 PM 7:49 PM
Vadodara 22.3072 73.1812 Vadodara 5:09 AM 5:18 AM 6:25 AM 12:39 PM 4:05 PM 6:53 PM 7:07 PM 7:51 PM

The above times are based on calculations only. Please allow +/- 3 minutes for Fajr, 1 minute for Dhuhr, and 2 minutes for
Maghrib as a precaution.IMSAAK is the time to stop sehri.

Ahmedabad Amroha Bangalore Chennai Delhi Faridabad Ghaziabad Gurgaon Hyderabad Indore
Latitude 23.0225 23.0225 28.9044 12.9716 13.0827 28.6139 28.4089 28.6692 28.4595 17.385 22.7196
Longitude 72.5714 72.5714 78.4673 77.5946 80.2707 77.209 77.3178 77.4538 77.0266 78.4867 75.8577
Imsaak 5:08 AM 5:08 AM 4:36 AM 4:59 AM 4:48 AM 4:41 AM 4:41 AM 4:40 AM 4:42 AM 4:51 AM 4:55 AM
Fajr 5:17 AM 5:17 AM 4:45 AM 5:07 AM 4:56 AM 4:51 AM 4:51 AM 4:50 AM 4:52 AM 4:59 AM 5:04 AM
Sunrise 6:24 AM 6:24 AM 5:57 AM 6:10 AM 5:59 AM 6:02 AM 6:02 AM 6:01 AM 6:03 AM 6:04 AM 6:11 AM
Dhuhr 12:41 PM 12:41 PM 12:17 PM 12:20 PM 12:10 PM 12:22 PM 12:22 PM 12:21 PM 12:23 PM 12:17 PM 12:27 PM
Asr 4:07 PM 4:07 PM 3:50 PM 3:33 PM 3:23 PM 3:54 PM 3:54 PM 3:53 PM 3:55 PM 3:37 PM 3:54 PM
Sunset 6:57 PM 6:57 PM 6:37 PM 6:31 PM 6:20 PM 6:42 PM 6:42 PM 6:41 PM 6:43 PM 6:30 PM 6:44 PM
Maghrib 7:11 PM 7:11 PM 6:52 PM 6:44 PM 6:33 PM 6:57 PM 6:56 PM 6:56 PM 6:57 PM 6:43 PM 6:57 PM
Isha 7:55 PM 7:55 PM 7:39 PM 7:26 PM 7:15 PM 7:44 PM 7:43 PM 7:43 PM 7:44 PM 7:26 PM 7:42 PM

http://solattimes.wordpress.com 04/10/2022 587013658.xlsx

Prayer Times Calculation
By: Hamid Zarrabi-Zadeh
http://praytimes.org/calculation/
Muslims perform five prayers a day. Each prayer is given a certain prescribed tim

Definitions

To determine the exact time period for each prayer (and also for fasting), we ne

Time Definition
Imsak The time to stop eati
Fajr When the sky begins
Sunrise The time at which th
Dhuhr When the Sun begins
Asr The time when the le
Sunset The time at which th
Maghrib Soon after sunset.
Isha The time at which da
Midnight The mean time from

The next section provides information on how to calculate the above times math

Astronomical Measures

There are two astronomical measures that are essential for computing prayer tim

The equation of time is the difference between time as read from a sundial and a
The Equation of Time (Ref)

The declination of the Sun is the angle between the rays of the sun and the plane

The Declination of Sun

The above two astronomical measures can be obtained accurately from The Star

d = jd - 2451545.0; // jd is the given Julian date

g = 357.529 + 0.98560028* d;
q = 280.459 + 0.98564736* d;
L = q + 1.915* sin(g) + 0.020* sin(2*g);

R = 1.00014 - 0.01671* cos(g) - 0.00014* cos(2*g);

e = 23.439 - 0.00000036* d;
RA = arctan2(cos(e)* sin(L), cos(L))/ 15;

D = arcsin(sin(e)* sin(L)); // declination of the Sun

EqT = q/15 - RA; // equation of time

Calculating Prayer Times

To calculate the prayer times for a given location, we need to know the latitude
Dhuhr

Dhuhr can be calculated easily using the following formula:

Dhuhr = 12 + TimeZone - Lng/15 - EqT.

The above formula indeed calculates the midday time, when the Sun reaches its highest p

Sunrise/Sunset

The time difference between the mid-day and the time at which sun reaches an a

Astronomical sunrise and sunset occur at α=0. However, due to the refraction of

Sunrise = Dhuhr - T(0.833),

Sunset = Dhuhr + T(0.833).

If the observer's location is higher than the surrounding terrain, we can consider

Fajr and Isha

There are differing opinions on what angle to be used for calculating Fajr and Isha. The fol

Convention Fajr Angl

Muslim World League 18
Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) 15
Egyptian General Authority of Survey 19.5

Umm al-Qura University, Makkah 18.5

University of Islamic Sciences, Karachi 18
Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran 17.7
Shia Ithna Ashari, Leva Research Institute, Qum 16
* Isha angle is not explicitly defined in Tehran method.

For example, according to Muslim World League convention, Fajr = Dhuhr - T(18)

Asr

There are two main opinions on how to calculate Asr time. The majority of schoo

The following formula computes the time difference between the mid-day and th

Thus, in the first four schools of thought, Asr = Dhuhr + A(1), and in Hanafi schoo

Maghrib

In the Sunni's point of view, the time for Maghrib prayer begins once the Sun has

Midnight

Midnight is generally calculated as the mean time from Sunset to Sunrise, i.e., Mi

Higher Latitudes

In locations at higher latitude, twilight may persist throughout the night during so

Middle of the Night

In this method, the period from sunset to sunrise is divided into two halves. The
One-Seventh of the Night
In this method, the period between sunset and sunrise is divided into seven parts
Angle-Based Method
This is an intermediate solution, used by some recent prayer time calculators. Le

In case Maghrib is not equal to Sunset, we can apply the above rules to Maghrib a
Implementation

The formulas described above are implemented completely and can be obtained in variou

References
The Determination of Salat Times, by Dr. Monzur Ahmed.
Approximate Solar Coordinates, by U.S. Naval Observatory.
The Islamic Prayer Times, by Professor Tariq Muneer.
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Category: Code

Definition of the time for Fajr prayer (when to stop eating for fasting)

There is consensus among all schools of thought (Jafari, Shafi’i, Hanbali, Hanafi),
Here is a more detailed definition of the time of the Fajr prayer: "Just before daw
Why do different prayer time tables have different times for the Fajr prayer?

The differences in the prayer time tables for the Fajr prayer are NOT due to diffe
There are different opinions on what angle to use to calculate the time of Fajr. T
The first person who suggested using these angles for computing Fajr and Isha tim
What to do as a precaution?
As a precaution, you may stop eating some time before the Fajr prayer and pray

The following table shows several conventions for calculating Fajr currently in us
Convention Fajr Angle
Shia Ithna Ashari (Jafari) 16
University of Islamic Sciences, Karachi 18
Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) 15
Muslim World League (MWL) 18
Umm al-Qura, Makkah 19
Egyptian General Authority of Survey 19.5
ain prescribed time during which it must be performed. This document briefly describes these tim

or fasting), we need to determine nine points of time per a day. These times are defined in the fo

Definition
The time to stop eating Sahur (for fasting), slightly before Fajr.
When the sky begins to lighten (dawn).
The time at which the first part of the Sun appears above the horizon.
When the Sun begins to decline after reaching its highest point in the sky.
The time when the length of any object's shadow reaches a factor (usually 1 or 2) of the length of the object itself plus the
The time at which the Sun disappears below the horizon.
Soon after sunset.
The time at which darkness falls and there is no scattered light in the sky.
The mean time from sunset to sunrise (or from Maghrib to Fajr, in some schools of thought).

above times mathematically for any location if the coordinates of the location are known.

mputing prayer times. These two measures are the equation of time and the declination of the Sun

om a sundial and a clock. It results from an apparent irregular movement of the Sun caused by a c
sun and the plane of the earth equator. The declination of the Sun changes continuously througho

ely from The Star Almanac, or can be calculated approximately. The following algorithm from U.S

know the latitude (L) and the longitude (Lng) of the location, along with the local Time Zone for t
eaches its highest point in the sky. A slight margin is usually considered for Dhuhr as explained in this note.

h sun reaches an angle α below the horizon can be computed using the following formula:

the refraction of light by terrestrial atmosphere, actual sunrise appears slightly before astronomi

we can consider this elevation into consideration by increasing the above constant 0.833 by 0.034

ajr and Isha. The following table shows several conventions currently in use in various countries (more inform

Isha Angle
17
15
17.5
90 min after Maghrib
120 min during Ramadan
18
14*
14
jr = Dhuhr - T(18) and Isha = Dhuhr + T(17).

majority of schools (including Shafi'i, Maliki, Ja'fari, and Hanbali) say it is at the time when the le

he mid-day and the time at which the object's shadow equals t times the length of the object itse

nd in Hanafi school, Asr = Dhuhr + A(2).

once the Sun has completely set beneath the horizon, that is, Maghrib = Sunset (some calculators

to Sunrise, i.e., Midnight = 1/2(Sunrise - Sunset). In Shia point of view, the juridical midnight (the

the night during some months of the year. In these abnormal periods, the determination of Fajr an

o two halves. The first half is considered to be the "night" and the other half as "day break". Fajr a

d into seven parts. Isha begins after the first one-seventh part, and Fajr is at the beginning of the

me calculators. Let α be the twilight angle for Isha, and let t = α/60. The period between sunset a

rules to Maghrib as well to make sure that Maghrib always falls between Sunset and Isha during th
e obtained in various programming languages from this page.

http://praytime.info/fajr.html

Hanbali, Hanafi), with the exception of the Maliki, that the time for the morning prayer begins at
r: "Just before dawn a column of whiteness rises upwards from the east. It is called the first dawn
e Fajr prayer?

e NOT due to differences in the fiqh of madhib, rather they are due to the use of different param
the time of Fajr. The angles that are commonly used in Muslim communities have been approved b
g Fajr and Isha times was Abu-Reyhan Biruni, who suggested using between 15-18 degrees for com

r prayer and pray some time after it. We suggest to customize the calculation details by picking 19

ajr currently in use in various countries:

Fajr Angle
 describes these times, and explains how they can be calculated mathematically.

are defined in the following table:

the object itself plus the length of that object's shadow at noon.

are known.

eclination of the Sun.

he Sun caused by a combination of the obliquity of the Earth's rotation axis and the eccentricity of
ontinuously throughout the year. This is a consequence of the Earth's tilt, i.e. the difference in its

algorithm from U.S. Naval Observatory computes the Sun's angular coordinates to an accuracy of

ocal Time Zone for that location. We also obtain the equation of time (EqT) and the declination of
xplained in this note.

ing formula:

ly before astronomical sunrise and actual sunset occurs after astronomical sunset. Actual sunrise

nstant 0.833 by 0.0347 × sqrt(h), where h is the observer's height in meters.

countries (more information is available at this page).

he time when the length of any object's shadow equals the length of the object itself plus the len

th of the object itself plus the length of that object's shadow at noon:

et (some calculators suggest 1 to 3 minutes after Sunset for precaution). In the Shia's view, howev

idical midnight (the ending time for performing Isha prayer) is the mean time from Sunset to Fajr,

ermination of Fajr and Isha is not possible using the usual formulas mentioned in the previous sect

s "day break". Fajr and Isha in this method are assumed to be at mid-night during the abnormal pe

the beginning of the seventh part.

od between sunset and sunrise is divided into t parts. Isha begins after the first part. For example

et and Isha during the abnormal periods.

ning prayer begins at day-break (al Fajr al-Sadiq) and lasts until sunrise.
called the first dawn. When this whiteness spreads, it is called the second dawn (the true dawn or

e of different parameters to calculate the time of the true dawn.

ave been approved by Muslim scholars based on their local observation.
-18 degrees for computing Fajr and 16-18 degrees for computing Isha. Thus far, nobody has been a

details by picking 19.5 degrees for computing the Imsak time and 15 degrees for computing the Fa
d the eccentricity of its orbit. The sundial can be ahead (fast) by as much as 16 min 33 s (around N
the difference in its rotational and revolutionary axes.

es to an accuracy of about 1 arcminute within two centuries of 2000.

nd the declination of the Sun (D) for a given date using the algorithm mentioned in the previous se
nset. Actual sunrise and sunset can be computed using the following formulas:
ct itself plus the length of that object's shadow at noon. The dominant opinion in the Hanafi schoo

e Shia's view, however, the dominant opinion is that as long as the redness in the eastern sky appe

from Sunset to Fajr, i.e., Midnight = 1/2(Fajr - Sunset).

in the previous section. To overcome this problem, several solutions have been proposed, three o

ing the abnormal periods.

t part. For example, if the twilight angle for Isha is 15, then Isha begins at the end of the first qua
wn (the true dawn or al Fajr al-Sadiq), and the prime time for Fajr prayers. The time for the Fajr p

r, nobody has been able to come up with a universal angle that works for all locations around the

for computing the Fajr prayer time. You can customize your settings (including the calculation me
6 min 33 s (around November 3) or fall behind by as much as 14 min 6 s (around February 12), as s
ed in the previous section.
n in the Hanafi school says that Asr begins when the length of any object's shadow is twice the leng

he eastern sky appearing after sunset has not passed overhead, Maghrib prayer should not be perf

n proposed, three of which are described below.

e end of the first quarter (15/60) of the night. Time for Fajr is calculated similarly.
e time for the Fajr prayer lasts till sunrise."

ocations around the world. For example, the well-known Muslim associations of the US and Europe

g the calculation method) by clicking on 'Change' under the 'Settings' panel on the left hand side of
nd February 12), as shown in the following graph:
dow is twice the length of the object plus the length of that object's shadow at noon.

er should not be performed. It is usually taken into consideration by assuming a twilight angle like
f the US and Europe, ISNA and MWL, are using angles of 15 and 18 degrees respectively for compu

the left hand side of the main page.

a twilight angle like Maghrib = Dhuhr + T(4).
pectively for computing Fajr. On PrayTime.info, the Jafari method uses an angle of 16 degrees. Th
gle of 16 degrees. Thus, it is mainly the calculation parameters that are different among Muslims n
ent among Muslims not the fiqh of different madahib. The best way to confirm calculated prayer t
m calculated prayer times is to determine the proper angles by observation.
 1 January Convention Fajr Angle
2 February Shia Ithna Ashari (Jafari) 16
3 March North America 15
4 April Muslim World League (MWL) 18
5 May Umm al-Qura, Makkah 19
6 June Egyptian General Authority of Survey 19.5
7 July University of Islamic Sciences, Karachi 18
8 August
9 September
10 October
11 November
12 December
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Isha Angle Y Standard (Sh 1
14 1 N Hanafi 2
15 2
17 3
90 mins after Maghrib 4
17.5 5
18 6