THESIS TOPIC:

INTEGRATED TRANSIT HUB BUS TERMINAL,

MANGALORE

STUDENT NAME : VIDYABHOOSHAN K A

SRN : R17AR038

A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE

AWARD OF DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, REVA UNIVERSITY

BENGALURU, INDIA

JUNE, 2022
 DECLARATION

This thesis is a presentation of my original research work. Wherever contributions of others

are involved, every effort has been made to indicate this clearly, with due reference to the
literature and acknowledgement of collaborative research and discussions. I am aware of and
understand the University’s policy on plagiarism and I certify that this thesis is my own work,
except where indicated by referencing, and the work presented in it has not been submitted in
support of another degree or qualification from this or any other institute of learning.

Vidyabhooshan K A

In my capacity as supervisor of the candidate’s thesis, I certify that the above statements are
true to the best of my knowledge.

Prof. Sudesh Menon

Date :

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Thesis Project titled "Integrated Transit Hub Bus
Terminal,Mangalore” submitted by Mr. Vidyabhooshan K A, SRN- R17AR038, School of
Architecture, REVA University, Bengaluru, India in academic year 2021-2022, under the
guidance of Prof. Sudesh Menon, is a bona fide record of work to the best of our knowledge,
and may be placed before the Examination Board for their consideration. This thesis is
submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements to award the degree of Bachelor of
Architecture.

Examined by -

Prof. Sudesh Menon

Thesis Supervisor, RUSOA

Prof. Vidya Srikanth

Director, RUSOA

Prof.
Internal Examiner, RUSOA

External Examiner

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Acknowledgement

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Abstract

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Table of contents

DECLARATION.................................................................................................................................2
CERTIFICATE...................................................................................................................................3
Acknowledgement............................................................................................................................4
Abstract............................................................................................................................................5
Abbreviations...................................................................................................................................7
CHAPTER 1........................................................................................................................................8
INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT............................................................................................8
PROJECT DESCRIPTION:
1. ISSUES IDENTIFIED
2. AIM OF THE THESIS
3. OBJECTIVES
4. NEED OF THE THESIS
5.SCOPE TO BE COVERED

SITE DATA & ANALYSIS:

1. SITE JUSTIFICATION
2. SITE ANALYSIS

CHAPTER 2........................................................................................................................................8
CASE STUDIES & LITERATURE STUDIES:
1. KEMPEGOWDA BUS STATION, BANGALORE
2. VADODARA BUS STATION, GUJARAT
3. MOFUSSIL BUS TERMINAL, CHENNAI

FOCUS STUDY:
1. DESCRIPTION
2. INFERENCES
CHAPTER 3...........................................................................................................................................8

THESIS DESIGN:
1. PRELIMINARY AREA STATEMENT
2. PROXIMITY ANAYLSIS/BUBBLE DIAGRAM
3. PRELIMINARY ZONING
4. CONCEPT
5. DESIGN EVLOUTION
6. MASTER PLAN/ SITE PLAN
7. FLOOR PLANS
8. SECTIONS/ELEVATIONS
9. VIEWS

CONCLUSION..................................................................................................................................10
References..........................................................................................................................................11

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Bibliography......................................................................................................................................12
Appendix............................................................................................................................................13

Table of figures
Figure 1 Caption....................................................................................................................................7

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Abbreviations

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 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT
1. PROJECT BACKGROUND

1.1 Issues Identified

On Aug 11, 2016, news cited in Deccan Herald stated 8
existing bus stations in Mangalore are causing traffic
congestion due to the locations and also lack in basic
facilities. Among that Pump well (Bhagwan Mahaveer)
Junction is a temporary bus terminal that was converted
on a hockey ground.

 No proper bus shelter.

 Has only 50 bus bays, Required 180 bus bays.

 No segregation of private, local and interstate bus

zones.

 Private tourist buses occupy a major portion of the

road blocking the space.

 Lack in good toilets, waiting areas, parking

 No hassle free movement of buses and vehicles.

The MSCL proposed to shift near national highway 66 at

Pump well, a report on utilization of 7.3 acres of land
chosen for a well equipped bus stand for the city to get much
needed momentum.
Figure 1 News clipping from Deccan Herald

1.2. AIM
To achieve design excellence and to come up with a prototype design for bus terminal for future and urban
scenario where space will become precious commodity and to save space for commercial activities will be
incorporate with bus terminal and give to Mangalore a missing landmark.

1.3. OBJECTIVE
 Provide an architecture solution for integrating the bus terminal with commercial complex.

 To provide fast & understanding flow of traffic

 To provide clear segregation of different type of traffic, no congestion at peak hour.

 To provide optimum connections between all elements and space i.e: clear connection of functions

 To provide public facilities and establish relationship between internal environments

1.3. NEED OF THESIS

 Transportation system improves the society-economic culture

 Make society into an organized one

 Essential services for the city development

 To handle the dense traffic in the heart of the city

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1.4. SCOPE
The scope of work will broadly include designing, engineering, financing, construction of bus terminal along
with associated amenities & facilities and development and construction of commercial complex and the
operation and maintenance there of of commercial complex.

2. SITE JUSTIFICATION

Figure 2 The Site Connectivity; Source: Author

On July 23, 2017, a concrete decision was taken to shift the main bus stand of the city to Pumpwell where the
city corporation has acquired land for the same.

The current bus stand, which is wilting in a cramped space without any facilities, will get shifted to a state of the
art bus stand befitting its smart city tag.

The service bus stand which was at Hampankatta earlier, was finally shifted to make shift venue at the hockey
ground of Nehru Maidan under pressure from bus operators on October 6, 1996.

The current venue of bus stand suffers from lack of space and facilities, with only emergency works being
undertaken to ward off critical situations.

Proposals to shift the bus stand to outskirts of the city. The land by the side of national highway at Pumpwell
was acquired long back, development works were not undertaken at a fast pace there. Currently, land filling
work is in progress.

National highway 66 passing by the side of the plot now chosen for bus stand is being widened from Nanthoor
to Talapady and fly over is being built at Pumpwell.

A report on utilization of 7.3 acres of land currently available at Pumpwell and have evinced interest now in
shifting the bus stand, the proposal of having a well-equipped bus stand for the city might get much-needed
momentum in a few days time from now.

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3. SITE ANALYSIS
Location: Pumpwell Cir, Ram Nagar, Nanthoor, Kadri, Mangaluru, Karnataka 575007

Site Context:

The Site is surrounded by- Coconut Trees, Residential Block

In the North- Residential units

In the South- Hillocks

In the East- Residential units, Hillocks

In the West- National Highway 66

Figure 3 The Site Surroundings; Source: Author

Figure 4 The Site Contexts; Source: Author

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Figure 5 The Site Conditions; Source: Author

Figure 6 The Site Surroundings; Source: Author

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SWOT Analysis

Strength

Ease of Accessibilty i.e NH66.

The Bangalore Highway is close proximity, ideal for Intercity buses.

Weakness

The site is in level difference of 9m below the NH66, and has Hill locks on the other side, due to which the
natural drain would be towards the proposed site.

National highways department feels that traffic snarls will aggravate if the bus stand is built there at this stage.

Opportunity

The level difference of site gives opportunity to give direct access to first floor of the future built component.

Threat

The site is in level difference of 9m below the NH66, and has Hillocks on the other side, due to which the
natural drain would be towards the proposed site.

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 CHAPTER 2
CASE STUDIES & LITERATURE STUDIES

2.1 KEMPEGOWDA BUS STATION, BANGALORE

2.1.1 REASON FOR SITE SELECTION

 Zoning

 Site access

 Area Statement, Standards

 Design Plan

 Services

2.1.2 SITE AND CONTEXT

LOCATION

Kempegowda Bus Station, also known as Majestic Bus Station, is a main bus station in Bengaluru, India

SITE SURROUNDINGS

It is located opposite the KSR Bengaluru. It is bordered by Seshadri Road to the north, Danavanthri
Road to the east, Tank Bund Road to the south and Gubbi Thotadappa Road to the west.

SOCIO ECONOMIC & CULTURAL CONTEXT

Commercial Spaces

2.1.3 USER GROUP PROFILE- Public

2.1.4 AREA PROGRAM ANALYSIS

BMTC

Description Facilities Area in SQ.M Capacity

BMTC Platform 3600 23

Bus Bay 10250

Toilet 425

Water Spot 3 nos

Restraunt 80

Shops 9 9 nos

TERMINAL 1

Description Facilities Area in SQ.M Capacity

TERMINAL-1 Platform 450 19

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 Seating 2000

Toilet 300

Bus Bay 6000

Auto Stand 350 15

TERMINAL 2

Description Facilities Area in SQ.M Capacity

Built Up SHOPS 12 10.nos

HOTEL 80

Fresh-up Room 85

CREW Room 60

Enquiry 45

ATM 12

Advance Ticket Counter 92

Trip Sheet Counter 100

Child Care 72

Parcel Room 125

Toilet 3.nos 750

Administration Office,Record room,Crew rest 1500

Waiting Terminal 1-A 930 200 Seating

Terminal 1-B 760 130 Seating

Auto Stand 200 20.nos

Ideal Bus Parking 950 15 Bus

Free Space Around Bus Moment 5500

Platform Terminal 1-A 20

Terminal 1-B 18

Figure 7 Area Program; Source: Internet

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2.1.5 PLANNING AND DESIGN

BMTC

Figure 8 The BMTC LAYOUT; Source: Author

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TERMINAL 1

Figure 9 The Terminal 1; Source: Author

TERMINAL 2

Figure 10 The Terminal 2 - Ground Floor; Source: Author

Figure 11 The Terminal 2 - Upper Floor Plan; Source: Author

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2.1.6 CRITICAL OBSERVATION

 The separate bays for buses, private vehicles and pedestrians are facilitated

 The traffic flow was made smooth within the layout

 The bridge linking from platform connecting all the 3 terminals in this layout

 Over all it is a well connected planning for intercity with local buses, state buses and linked with Railway
station and Metro station.

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2.2 VADODARA BUS STATION, GUJARAT
2.2.1 REASON FOR SITE SELECTION

 Design Principles

 Design Features

 Services

2.2.2 PROJECT BACKGROUND

2.2.2 DESIGN APPROACH

Figure 1 Showing Design Features; Source: Internet

2.2.3 SERVICES

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Figure 2 Showing Services; Source: Internet

2.2.4 PLANNING AND DESIGN

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Figure 3 Showing Ground Floor Plan; Source: Internet

 Separate tracks for buses private bagels and pedestrian to facilitate traffic safety

 Separate parking lot for the buses private vehicles auto rickshaw taxi

 Innovative layout and design of International standard

 Multiple route for pedestrian traffic

 Large layers atrium public classes in the building

 Well designed pickup and drops facilities for the passengers

 Bridges linked from platform number 6 at railway station to the 2nd floor of bus terminal is proposed

 Handles buses from three states Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Maharastra

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Figure 4 Showing Floor Plans; Source: Internet

2.2.5 CRITICAL OBSERVATION

 The Building is friendly for physically challenged people

 There are fire extinguishers, sprinklers at several point for fire fighting

 There is the mall area connected with the bus stand, so the people who have to wait can utilize their time in
the mall

 The building has security point at three places for safety

 The whole campus is neat & clean

 Bus entry, and public entry are separate to control traffic as well as crowd

2.3 MOFUSSIL BUS TERMINAL, CHENNAI

2.3.1 REASON FOR SITE SELECTION

 Zoning

 Area Program

2.3.2 DESIGN CONCEPT AND APPROACH

2.3.3 AREA PROGRAM ANALYSIS

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2.3.4 PLANNING AND DESIGN

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2.3.10 CRITICAL OBSERVATION

 Well designed pick up and drop facilities are provided

 The large foyer and the roof shell make it more welcoming

 Multiple routes and acom modates more buses

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 FOCUS STUDY: FLUDITY

Figure 2 Observing the TWA terminal external fludity

The fluidity of the terminal’s exterior was carried faithfully through its interior, as well. The vaulting of the roof
shell allowed for a spacious and free-flowing interior layout, almost entirely devoid of spatial boundaries. Every
element, whether structural or circulatory, was carried out in this fashion; staircases all curved, and even the
columns supporting upper walkways were seamlessly melded into both the ground and the ceilings. Visitors
entered the space under a cantilevered marquee, progressing from the ticketing spaces at ground level to the
restaurants and meeting rooms above. A sunken waiting area offered a view of airport operations through its
immense window, while; two tubular corridors led off toward the boarding gates.

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Figure 2 Observing the TWA terminal fludity in interiors of Stairs, rails

Figure 3 Observing the TWA terminal fludity in terms of columns, seating, openings

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 CHAPTER 3
THESIS DESIGN
3.1 PRELIMINARY AREA STAEMENT

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 FOCUS STUDY

CONCLUSION

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References

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Bibliography

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Appendix

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